1st Session

Caroline De Cock & Peter Van Roste

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 Putting things
in perspective:

what will happen

on the Internet
during the next
hour?

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13 billion
emails

The amount of emails

sent per hour

2100
hours
The amount of YouTube
Videos uploaded every hour
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How is this possible?

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 #1. Something started 42 years ago
for military & academic purposes
was opened to commercial companies

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 #2. And the
technology to
make it work was
made open

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 So
what’s
the
Internet
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The Internet is a bunch
of computers and
cables linked to each
other and that can
communicate across
the globe

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The Internet is the worldwide, publicly accessible
network of interconnected computer networks
that transmit data by using the
standard Internet (IP). It is a "network
of networks" that consists
“
of millions of smaller
domestic, academic, business, and government
networks, which together carry various
information and services, such as electronic mail,
online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web
pages and other documents of

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All of this translates into a multitude of
players

Source: OECD, The economic and social role11of

Internet intermediaries, April 2010
From POTS* to the Net
Traditional telephony is based on
circuit switching, which implies:

• Communication flow follows

a path that is selected
beforehand and that remains
fixed during the session
• This path is dedicated

*Plain Old Telephony Services

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So this is what a circuit switched network
looks like

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 Packet switching
The Internet is based on packet
switching, which implies:

• The sending computer slices data

into small packets, with an address
on each to tell the network where
to send them
• These packets are sent as need be
and in what looks like a chaotic
flow
• At the end, the receiving computer
puts the puzzle back together
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 1000 to 1500 bytes

Header Body/Data Footer

But what’s - Sender &
Receiver
- Data (e.g. The
content of an email)
-Data to
show end
IP address of packet
in a packet? - Protocol
- Packet n°
- Error
correction

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So this is what a packet switched network
looks like

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 And to make all of this work, you need a
common language: PROTOCOLS

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Data / Link Layer

Physical Layer

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 And to function, these protocols need
to go through ports
File transfer Email Web browsing VoIP

FTP SMTP HTTP SIP

Ports Port Port Port

20 or 21 25 80 5060

Transport Layer

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...OK but what happens between this

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...and that?

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 #1. Find server

62.25.101.80

#2. Process query

#3. Assembly

#4. Return to PC
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Disclaimer

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Source: http://909sickle.com/s/geeks-and-nerds/
Disclaimer (cont’d)

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