EEEB423 ELECTRICAL SAFETY

AND HAZARDS

N ATIONAL C ODES AND H EALTH

S TANDARDS

 Acts and Regulations
Acts and Regulations
~ Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) 1994

~ Electricity Supply Act 1990
| Electricity Supply (Amendment) Act 2001

~ Electricity Regulations 1994

 IEE Wiring Regulations 16th Edition

 Malaysian Wiring Code: MS IEC 60364

1
 O CCUPATIONAL S AFETY AND H EALTH
A CT 1994

An Act to make further provisions for securing

the safety, health and welfare of persons at

work, for protecting others against risks to

safety or health in connection with the

activities of persons at work, to establish the

National Council for Occupational Safety and

Health and for matters connected therewith.

4
OBJECTIVE OF ACT

Ensure safety of workers;

Protect others at place of work;

Encourage conducive work

environment;
i t
Improve standard of safety.

2
 PART IV: GENERAL DUTIES OF
5
EMPLOYERS AND SELF-EMPLOYED
PERSONS

15 (1) It shall be the duty of every employer and

every self - employed person to ensure, so far
as is practicable, the safety, health and
welfare at work of all his employees.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of
subsection (1), the matters to which the duty
extends include in particular -
(a) the provision and maintenance of plant and systems
of work that are, so far as is practicable, safe and
without risks to health;
(b) the making of arrangements for ensuring, so far as is
practicable, safety and absence of risks to health in
connection with the use or operation, handling,
storage and transport of plant and substances;

PART IV: GENERAL DUTIES OF

6
EMPLOYERS AND SELF-EMPLOYED
PERSONS

(c) the provision of such information, instruction, training

and supervision as is necessary to ensure, so far as is
practicable, the safety and health at work of his
employees;
(d) so far as is practicable, as regards the place of work
under the control of the employer or self-employed
person, the maintenance of it in a condition that is safe
and without risks to health and the pprovision and
maintenance of the means of access to and egress
from it that are safe and without such risks;
(e) the provision and maintenance of a working
environment for his employees that is, so far as is
practicable, safe, without risks to health, and adequate
as regards facilities for their welfare at work.

3
 PART I V: G E N E R A L D U T I E S O F
7 EMPLOYERS AND SELF-EMPLOYED
PERSONS

16. Duty
y to formulate safety
y and health policy.
p y
Except in such cases as may be prescribed, it shall be the duty of
every employer and every self-employed person to prepare and as
often as may be appropriate revise a written statement of his
general policy with respect to the safety and health at work of his
employees and the organization and arrangements for the time
being in force for carrying out that policy, and to bring the statement
and any revision of it to the notice of all of his employees.
17.
17 General
G l duties
d ti off employers
l andd self-employed
lf l d persons tto
persons other than their employees.
(1) It shall be the duty of every employer and every self-employed
person to conduct his undertaking in such a manner as to ensure,
so far as is practicable, that he and other persons, not being his
employees, who may be affected thereby are not thereby exposed
to risks to their safety or health.

Explanation of PART IV : SECTION 15

8
GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS TO
WORKERS

Establish a safe work system;

Analyze risk at place of work;

Provide instructions, training and relevant

information to workers;

Provide and maintain a safe access and exit

route from work area;
Provide a safe work environment;

4
 9
PENALTY

DUTY OF EMPLOYER :

FINERM50,000 OR TWO
YEARS JAIL OR BOTH

PART V – GENERAL DUTIES OF DESIGNERS,

10
MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS

g
20. General duties of manufacturers, etc. as regards p
plant for use at work.
(1) It shall be the duty of a person who designs, manufactures, imports or supplies
any plant for use at work
(a) to ensure, so far as is practicable, that the plant is so designed and constructed as to
be safe and without risks to health when properly used;
(b) to carry out or arrange for the carrying out of such testing and examination as may be
necessary for the performance of the duty imposed on him by paragraph (a); and
(c) to take such steps as are necessary to secure that there will be available in
connection with the use of the plant at work adequate information about the use for
which it is designed and has been tested, and about any condition necessary to
ensure that, when put to that use, it will be safe and without risks to health.
(2) It shall be the duty of a person who undertakes the design or manufacture of any
plant for use at work to carry out or arrange for the carrying out of any
necessary research with a view to the discovery and, so far as is practicable,
the elimination or minimization of any risk to safety or health to which the
design or plant may give rise.

5
 E XPLANATION OF PART V :
11
SECTION 20
GENERAL DUTIES OF DESIGNERS,
MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS

The plant should be safe and without risk;

The plant should be tested and examined

to ensure its safety;

Adequate information should be provided

on
o the safe
fe operation
o e tio of the plant;
l t

Research should be carried out to discover

and eliminate or minimize any risk to
safety;
PENALTY FINE RM20,000 OR NOT EXCEEDING TWO YEARS JAIL OR BOTH

PART VI – GENERAL DUTIES OF

12
EMPLOYEES

24. General duties of employees at work.

(1) It shall be the duty of every employee while at work

(a) to take reasonable care for the safety and health of himself and of
other persons who may be affected by his acts or omissions at
work;

(b) to co-operate with his employer or any other person in the

discharge of any duty or requirement imposed on the employer or
that other person by this Act or any regulation made thereunder;

(c) to wear or use at all times any protective equipment or clothing

provided by the employer for the purpose of preventing risks to his
safety and health; and

(d) to comply with any instruction or measure on occupational safety

and health instituted by his employer or any other person by or
under this Act or any regulation made thereunder.

6
13 Explanation of PART VI : SECTION 24
GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES

Pay attention to own and others’ safety;

Cooperate with employer in regard to safety

in accordance with Act

Wear PPE provided by employer;

Obey any procedures instituted by employer

concerning safety;

14

PENALTY

DUTIES OF EMPLOYEE :

RM1,000 OR THREE
FINE

MONTHS JAIL OR BOTH

7
15 PART VII – SAFETY AND HEALTH
ORGANIZATIONS

29. Safety and health officer.

(1) This section shall apply to such class or description of industries as the

Minister may, by order published in the Gazette, specify.

Occupational Safety and Health (Safety and Health Officer) Order 1997

(2) An occupier of a place of work to which this section applies shall employ a

competent person to act as a safety and health officer at the place of work.

(3) The safety and health officer shall be employed exclusively for the purpose

of ensuring the due observance at the place of work of the provisions of

this Act and any regulation made thereunder and the promotion of a safe

conduct of work at the place of work.

16 PART VII – SAFETY AND HEALTH

ORGANIZATIONS

30. Establishment of safety and health committee at place of

work

(1) Every employer shall establish a safety and health committee at the place
of work in accordance with this section if

(a) there are forty or more persons employed at the place of work; or

((b)) the Director General directs the establishment of such a committee at the p
place of
work.

(3) Every employer shall consult the safety and health committee with a view
to the making and maintenance of arrangements which will enable him
and his employees to co-operate effectively in promoting and developing
measures to ensure the safety and health at the place of work of the
employees, and in checking the effectiveness of such measures.

8
17
E XPLANATION OF PART VII – S AFETY
AND H EALTH O RGANIZATIONS

 S ti 29 S f t d H lth Offi
Section 29: Safety and Health Officer
~ Management to employ competent person as Safety and 
Health Officer

~ Employed solely for the purpose

 Section 30: Safety and Health Committee
~ To be established if more than 40 persons at place of work

~ Management to consult committee for safety arrangements

PART VIII - NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS,

DANGEROUS OCCURRENCE,
18
OCCUPATIONAL POISONING AND
OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES, AND INQUIRY

1) An employer shall notify the nearest

occupational safety and health office
of any accident, dangerous
occurrence, occupational poisoning
or occupational
p disease which has
occurred or is likely to occur at the
place of work.

9
 PART X – INDUSTRY CODES OF
19
PRACTICE

37. Approval of industry codes of practice.

(1) The Minister may, upon the recommendation of the Council or the
Director General, approve industry codes of practice comprising such
directions as may appear to him to be necessary or proper for the
guidance of persons in complying with the requirements of the
provisions of this Act.

(3) An industry code of practice may

(a) consist of any code

code, standard
standard, rule
rule, specification or provision relating to
occupational safety or health approved by the Minister; or

(b) apply, incorporate, or refer to any document formulated or published by

any body or authority as in force at the time the industry code of
practice is approved or as amended, formulated or published from
time to time.

20 E LECTRICITY S UPPLY A CT 1990

- A MENDED 2001

 An Act to provide for the 
regulation of the electricity 
supply industry, the supply of 
electricity at reasonable prices, 
the licensing of any electrical 
installation, the control of any 
electrical installation, plant and 
equipment with respect to 
matters relating to the safety of 
persons and the efficient use of 
electricity and for purposes 
connected therewith.

10
 PART V :
21
C OMPETENT C ONTROL

Section 23. Persons in Charge

(1) No installation or electrical plant equipment other than
(1) No installation or electrical plant equipment other than 
those owned or managed by a supply authority shall be 
worked or operated except by or under the control of 
persons possessing such qualifications and holding such 
certificates as may be prescribed, and no person not 
possessing the qualifications or holding a certificate as 
aforesaid shall be in charge of any installation or shall 
control the operation of any plant or equipment.
(2) Any person who contravenes this section shall be guilty of 
an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not 
exceeding ten thousand ringgit and, if the contravention 
be continued, to a fine not exceeding one thousand 
ringgit for every day or part of a day during which the 
contravention is continued after conviction.

22
E XPLANATION OF PART V S ECTION
23: C OMPETENT C ONTROL
 Electrical plant or installation can be operated 
only
~ By competent person holding the necessary 
qualifications/certificates
~ Under supervision and charge of competent person
 Failure to comply
~ Fine max RM 10,000
~ Each additional day after conviction max RM 1000 if 
still fail to comply

11
23 PART VII : N OTIFICATION OF A CCIDENT
OR F IRE

Section 33. Serious accidents to be reported.

Investigation by the Commission.
(1) Whenever any accident or fire causing or resulting 
in loss of life or hurt to any person or serious 
damage to property has occurred in connection 
with any installation or electrical plant or 
equipment, the owner, licensee or supply authority 
and the management thereof shall report the 
and the management thereof shall report the
accident or fire to the Commission by the quickest 
means available, and subsequently with the least 
possible delay shall report in writing to the 
Commission the facts of the matter so far as they 
are known to them

PART VII S ECTION 33 ( CONT )

24

(2) The Commission shall, as soon as practicable upon receipt of the 
first report, direct an authorised
first report direct an authorised officer to
officer to
(a) visit the place where the accident or fire occurred;
(b) make a preliminary investigation of the circumstances;
(c) record in writing his findings which may be supported by 
relevant photographs, upon the investigation;
(d) be provided with photographs, medical reports or other 
relevant documents from any person or authority without 
any payment of fees and such person or authority shall 
ff d h h i h ll
comply with such request thereof;
(e) forward his report to the Chairman
(f) if there has been any loss of life or there is reason to believe 
that any person has been fatally injured, send a copy of his 
finding to the nearest magistrate.

12
 PART VII S ECTION 33 ( CONT )
25

(3) In the event of loss of life or grievous hurt to any 
person due to any accident or fire in connection
person due to any accident or fire in connection 
with any installation or electrical plant or 
equipment, no alteration or addition shall, without 
the consent of the Commission, be made to any part 
of the installation, plant or equipment which may 
have contributed to cause the accident or fire nor 
shall any alteration be made, without that consent, 
to the site of the accident or fire until the authorised
to the site of the accident or fire until the authorised
officer has completed his investigation: 
Provided that nothing herein contained shall 
operate to interfere with rescue work or work 
necessary for the general safety of life or property.

26 PART VII S ECTION 33 ( CONT )

(4) If upon a preliminary investigation under subsection (2) it 
appears to the authorised
appears to the authorised officer making the investigation that 
officer making the investigation that
there is reason to believe that the accident or fire was due to 
any failure to comply with this Act or any lawful order given by 
the Commission, or if the authorised officer making such 
investigation is satisfied that the accident or fire might have 
been prevented if proper precautions had been taken and 
observed in the working of any installation or electrical plant or 
equipment, the Commission may further investigate the 
g
circumstances of the accident or fire together with the 
authorised officer making the preliminary investigation and if in 
the opinion of the Commission that criminal proceedings should 
lie against any person, then the Commission shall forward to the 
Public Prosecutor a copy of the authorised officer’s report with 
the opinion of the Commission on the circumstances and 
findings.

13
27 PART VII S ECTION 33 ( CONT )

(5) Any person concerned in any investigation held

(5) Any person concerned in any investigation held 
under this section may be entitled, upon 
payment of the prescribed fees, to receive a copy 
of the report, opinion and statement of the 
Commission in the course of its investigations.

(6) Any person who, without lawful excuse, 
contravenes or fails to comply with subsection 
contravenes or fails to comply with subsection
(1) and (3) shall be guilty of an offence and shall 
conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding five 
thousand ringgit.

E XPLANATION OF PART VII

28
S ECTION 33

(1) Any accident/fire/damage to property to be reported 
immediately to EC and followed up by written report.
i di t l t EC d f ll d b itt t
(2) EC shall direct authorised officer to investigate and report 
findings, with copy to magistrate if loss of life.
(3) If loss of life or serious injury, no alterations to plant until 
investigations are complete without permission of EC.
(4) If preliminary investigations show accident/fire was due to 
failure to comply with Act or could have been prevented
failure to comply with Act, or could have been prevented 
with proper precautions, EC will investigate further, and send 
a copy of the findings to the Prosecution if criminal 
negligence is found.
(5) Anyone concerned with the investigations may apply for a 
copy of the EC’s investigation report.

14
29 E XPLANATION OF PART IX: O FFENCES
AND P ENALTY - S ECTION 37
(1) Offence
• Tamper or adjust any installation
• Import or sell any equipment
 Which causes or likely to cause
• Danger to human life or limb
• Damage to equipment/property
 Penalty
• Fine < RM 100,000
• Jail < 5 years
• both

30 E XPLANATION OF PART IX: O FFENCES

AND P ENALTY - S ECTION 37 ( CONT )

(2) Offence
~ In respect of any installation, damage to any person or 
property due to
| Rash or negligent act
| Omission

~ Penalty
| Fine < RM 50,000
| Jail < 3 years
| Both

15
 31 PART XI: P OWER TO M AKE
R EGULATIONS - S ECTION 53

(1) The Minister may make regulations in respect of any

(1) The Minister may make regulations in respect of any 
matter which may be prescribed under this Act and in 
particular – (a) …… (y)

(2) Any regulations made under subsection (1) may 
prescribe any act in contravention of the regulations to 
be an offense and may prescribe a fine not exceeding 
five thousand ringgit or imprisonment for a term not 
exceeding one year, or both for such offense.

32 E LECTRICITY R EGULATIONS 1994

In exercise of the powers conferred by Section 53 of the Electricity 
pp y , g g
Supply Act 1990, the Minister makes the following regulations:

 Regulation 2: Interpretation
~ “extra low voltage” means a voltage normally not exceeding 50 volts alternating 
current or 120 volts direct current, whether between conductors or between 
conductor and earth.
~ “low voltage” means a voltage normally exceeding extra low voltage but not 
exceeding 1000 volts alternating current or 1500 volts direct current between 
conductors, or 600 volts alternating current or 900 volts direct current between 
conductor and earth.
ond tor and earth

 Regulation 34: Earthing of metallic part, neutral point, etc.
~ Metallic sheath, cover, handle, etc. of electrical equipment including domestic 
appliances (except Class II construction), shall be effectively earth.
~ Water pipe, gas pipe shall not be used as sole means of earthing.

16
 33 E LECTRICITY R EGULATIONS 1994

 Regulation 36: Protection against earth leakage current

Regulation 36: Protection against earth leakage current
~ Installation in place of public entertainment, floor is likely to be 
wet :‐ rated residual operating current not exceeding 10 mA.

~ Installation where hand‐held equipment likely to be used :‐
rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA.
~ Others than stated above :‐ rated residual operating current  
not exceeding 100 mA, unless
di 100 A l
| For functional reasons, it is impractical to provide 
protection; or
| It is unsafe or even dangerous to provide the protection.

34 E LECTRICITY R EGULATIONS 1994

 Regulation 39: Treatment for Electric Shock
~ Instructions in Bahasa Malaysia to be provided
~ Employer to confirm workmen know and understand the procedure

 Regulation 45: Requirement for Certificate of Competency
~ Electrical Services Engineer, Competent Electrical Engineer, Electrical 
Supervisor, Chargeman, Wireman and Cable Jointer shall possess a 
valid Certificate of Competency issued by the Commission
valid Certificate of Competency issued by the Commission.

 Regulation 59: Suspension and Cancellation
~ Certificate of Competency can be suspended or cancelled by EC due to 
serious misconduct

17
 35 E LECTRICITY R EGULATIONS 1994

 Regulation 60: Competent person: 
) h k b l f
1) The competent person to work, operate or be in control of any work k
or operation of an installation shall, unless exempted under the Act be 
recommended by:
~ Installations operates at a voltage not exceeding 600V
| Electrical Services Engineer, Competent Electrical Engineer, Electrical 
Supervisor or resident Competent Electrical Engineer.
~ Installations operates at a voltage exceeding 600V but not exceeding 
132kV
| Electrical Services Engineer, Competent Electrical Engineer, or resident 
Electrical Services Engineer Competent Electrical Engineer or resident
Competent Electrical Engineer.
~ Installations operates at a voltage at or exceeding 132kV
| resident Competent Electrical Engineer.

2) Obtain approval from Commission of the competent person referred.

36 E LECTRICITY R EGULATIONS 1994

 Regulation 63: Registration with EC
~ All holders of Certificate of Competency who does any work in 
relation to his certificate must register with EC
 Regulation 64: Competent person to connect switchboard, 
equipment, etc.
~ (1) No switchboard, switchgear or equipment, except any 
electrical appliance, fitting or apparatus designed to be connected 
to an electrical socket by means of a plug, shall be connected to 
an installation for the purpose of receiving electricity unless 
carried out by or under the control of a competent person

~ (2) Notwithstanding subregulation (1), it shall not be unlawful for 
a person to replace any lamp in a domestic installation.

18
 37 E LECTRICITY R EGULATIONS 1994

 Regulation 110: Inspection and Test for the purpose of 
Installation etc
Installation, etc.
~ Installation shall be maintained in good working order, 
responsibility with the owner, management, licensee or occupier.
~ Except domestic installation, shall be checked and tested at least 
once in every 5 years
~ Installation to be inspected and tested by Competent Person
~ Protective relay and device shall be tested and calibrated by a competent
person at least once in every 2 years

 Regulation 111: Competent person to undertake 
maintenance work
~ All work (repair, replacement, servicing, cleaning)on installation to be 
carried out by Competent Person or under his supervision

38 IEE W IRING R EGULATIONS

 Malaysia traditionally applies British codes and 
standards
t d d
 “Currently” used
~ British Standard BS 7671: 1992 
~ Requirements for Electrical Installations
| Incorporating Amendment No 1, 1994

~ Also known as 16th Edition of IEE Wiring Regulations
| 1st Edition in 1882: Rules and Regulations for the Prevention of Fire 
Risks Arising from Electric Lighting

19
39
IEE W IRING R EGULATIONS
16 TH E DITION
 Scope
~ Design selection erection inspection and testing of electrical
Design, selection, erection, inspection and testing of electrical 
installations 
 Excluded
~ Supply authority’s works
~ Railway equipment, motor vehicles, ships, aircraft, mobile and 
offshore installations
 Voltage ranges
Voltage ranges
~ Extra‐low voltage
| < 50V ac or 120V dc, between conductors or to Earth

~ Low voltage
| < 1000V ac or 1500V dc between conductors
| < 600V ac or 900V dc between conductors and Earth

40 PART 1 – S COPE , O BJECT AND

F UNDAMENTAL R EQUIREMENTS FOR S AFETY

 Chapter 13: Fundamental Requirements for Safety
Chapter 13: Fundamental Requirements for Safety
~ Overcurrent protective devices
| Protect every installation and circuit
| Operate automatically at limit of safe current for circuit
| Of adequate breaking and making capacity
| Suitably located to permit ready restoration of supply
| Suitably constructed to prevent overheating, arcing, etc, 
when in operation

20
 PART 1 C HAPTER 13 ( CONT )
41

 Precautions against earth leakage and earth fault 
currents
~ Metalwork of electrical equipment to be connected 
to earth to enable safe discharge
~ Circuit to be arranged to prevent persistence of 
dangerous earth leakage currents
| Use of overcurrent
Use of overcurrent devices
| Use of residual current devices where the potential earth fault 
current is too small for prompt operation of overcurrent device

~ Exposed metal parts of other services
| to be connected to main earthing terminal

PART 1 C HAPTER 13 ( CONT )

42

 o ec e de ces a d s c es
Protective devices and switches
~ Single pole fuse, switch or circuit‐breaker to be 
inserted in phase conductor only
| Not to be inserted in earthed neutral conductor
~ Unless linked and arranged to break all related phase conductors

 Isolation and switching

Isolation and switching
~ To cut off voltage from installation/circuit/equipment
| Effective means
| Suitably placed

21
43
PART 1 C HAPTER 13 ( CONT )

 Additions and alterations to an installation
~ No addition or alteration shall be made unless first 
ascertained that
| Rating is adequate for new load
| Earthing arrangement is adequate

 Inspection and testing
Inspection and testing
~ Appropriate tests and inspection to be made on
| Completion of new installation
| Addition or alteration of existing installation

44
PART 4 – P ROTECTION FOR S AFETY

Chap 41: Protection Against Electric Shock
412 Protection against direct contact
~ 412‐02 Protection by insulation of live parts
| Live parts shall be completely covered by insulation
| Insulation able to withstand electrical, mechanical, thermal and 
chemical stress
| Insulation can only be removed by destruction

~ 412‐03 Protection by barriers or enclosures
| Live parts shall be inside enclosures or behind barriers
| Degree of protection at least IP2X
| Accessible horizontal top surface protection IP4X

22
 PART 4 C HAP 41 ( CONT )
45

 412‐03 Protection by barriers or enclosures (cont) 
 Barrier or enclosure firmly secured in place
 Sufficient stability and durability
 Removal of barrier or enclosure shall be possible
~ Only with use of key or tool
~ Only after disconnection of supply to live part
| Restoration of supply only possible after reclosure
Restoration of supply only possible after reclosure

 412‐04 Protection by obstacles
~ Shall prevent unintentional
| Bodily approach to live part
| Contact with live part when operating energized equipment

~ Shall be secured to prevent unintentional removal

PART 4 C HAP 41 ( CONT )

46

 412‐05 Protection by placing out of reach
~ Bare or insulated overhead line between buildings shall be 
installed according to Electricity Supply Regulations 1988
~ Bare live part other than overhead line shall not be < arm’s reach 
or 2.5m of any exposed conductive part or live part

 412‐06 Supplementary protection by residual 
current devices
~ Shall not be used as sole means of protection against direct contact
~ Reduces risk of electric shock when
| One of the protective measures in 412‐02 to 412‐05 are 
complied with
| Rated residual operating current < 30 mA and operating time 
< 40 ms at residual operating current of 150 mA.

23
 PART 4 C HAP 41( CONT )
47

413 Protection against indirect contact
 413 02 Protection by earthed equipotential bonding and 
413‐02 Protection by earthed equipotential bonding and
automatic disconnection of supply
~ Main earthing terminal shall be connected by 
equipotential bonding to
| Water, gas, heating, air‐conditioning and other service pipes
| Exposed metallic structure of building
| Lighting protection system of building
| Metallic sheath of telecommunications cable
~ Simultaneously accessible exposed conductive parts shall 
be connected to the same earthing system
~ Protective device, earthing arrangements and relevant 
impedance shall be coordinated to prevent dangerous 
voltages between accessible and exposed conductive parts 
during earth fault

48
PART 4 C HAP 41 ( CONT )

 413‐03 Protection by use of Class II equipment or by 
equivalent insulation
equivalent insulation
~ Electrical equipment Class II
| Having double or reinforced insulation
| Type‐tested and marked to relevant standard
~ LV switchgear and controlgear assemblies
| With total insulation

 413‐04 Protection by non‐conducting location
~ So arranged such that a person will not come into contact 
with
| Two exposed conductive parts
| An exposed conductive part and any extraneous conductive 
part

24
49
PART 4 C HAP 41 ( CONT )

 413‐05 Protection by earth‐free equipotential bonding
~ Used in special circumstances
~ Equipotential conductor connects every simultaneously 
accessible exposed conductive part and extraneous conductive 
part
~ Equipotential conductor not connected to earth

 413‐06 Protection by electrical separation
~ Source of supply shall be either
| Isolating transformer
| Motor‐generator with windings providing safety as in transformer

50
O THER CHAPTERS IN PART 4

 42: Protection against thermal effects

 43: Protection against overcurrent

 45: Protection against undervoltage

 46: Isolation and Switching

 47: Application of Protective Measures for Safety

25
51
PART 5 – S ELECTION AND E RECTION OF
E QUIPMENT

 Chap 51 Common rules

Chap 51 Common rules
 Chap 52 Selection and erection of wiring systems
 Chap 53 Switchgear
 Chap 54 Earthing arrangements and protective 
conductors
d t
 Chap 55 Other equipment
 Chap 56 Supplies for safety services

PART 6 – S PECIAL I NSTALLATIONS OR

52 L OCATIONS

 Section 601 Locations containing a bathtub or shower basin
 Section 602 Swimming pools
S i 602 S i i l
 Section 603 Hot air saunas
 Section 604 Construction site installations
 Section 605 Agricultural and horticultural premises
 Section 606 Restrictive conductive locations
 Section 607 High earth leakage currents
h hl k
 Section 608 Caravans, motor caravans and caravan sites
 Section 609 (Reserved for marinas)
 Section 610 (Reserved for future use)
 Section 611 Highway power supplies and street furniture

26
53
PART 7 – I NSPECTION AND
T ESTING

 Chap 71 Initial verification

 Chap 72 Alterations and additions to an

installation

 Chap 73 Periodic inspection and testing

 Chap 74 Certification and reporting

54 D EPARTMENT OF S TANDARDS
M ALAYSIA

27
 H OW M ALAYSIAN S TANDARDS ARE
55
WRITTEN

S TANDARDS W RITING
56

INDUSTRY STANDARD COMMITTEES (ISC)

~ Industry Standard Committees are convened by
SIRIM for the purpose of drafting national
codes and standards
~ ISCs are categorised by their industry group.
~ ISCs may convene specific Technical
Committee (TC) to adopt and adapt standards
| TC may also convene Work Group (WG) to study in
d t il aspectt off standards.
detail t d d
~ The familiar BS are being harmonised with
European Standards
| Malaysia active participant in the ISO
| ISO standards are the natural choice for adoption
or adaptation.

28
57 M ALAYSIAN W IRING C ODE :
MS IEC 60364
 TC on Electrical Installation, Protection &
Practice
~ ISC– E convened a TC on ‘electrical installation,
protection and practice’ in the early 1990s
~ On recommendation from the TC, ISO/IEC 60364
was adopted by ISC-E and after public balloting
was adopted as a Malaysia Standard (MS) in
1996 with the designation
| MS IEC 60364:1996

~ By virtue of the Standards of Malaysia ACT

1996, any standards published as a Malaysian
Standard has legal status under the law

MS IEC 60364
58

 MS IEC 60364‐1 : 2003 Electrical installations of 
bu d gs Part 1: Fundamental principles, 
buildings – at u da e ta p c p es,
assessment of general characteristics, definitions 
(First revision)
~ Identical with IEC 60364:2001. 
~ Rules for the design and erection of electrical 
installations
~ To provide safety and proper functioning for the use 
i t d d
intended
~ Applies to residential, commercial, public, industrial, 
agricultural and horticultural premises, prefabricated 
buildings, caravans, caravan sites and similar sites, 
construction sites, exhibitions, fairs and other temporary 
installations, marinas and pleasure crafts. 
~ Cancels and replaces MS IEC 60364‐1:1996. 

29
59 MS IEC 60364 ( CONT )

 MS IEC 60364‐4‐41 : 2003 Electrical installations 
of buildings – Part 4‐41: Protection for safety –
of buildings – Part 4 41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock (First revision). 
~ Identical with IEC 60364‐4‐41:2001
~ Describes how protection against electric shock is 
provided by application of the appropriate measures
~ Specifies essential equipment for the protection of 
Specifies essential equipment for the protection of
persons, livestock and property against direct contact 
and indirect contact. 
~ Cancels and replaces MS IEC 60364‐4‐41:1996, MS IEC 
60364‐4‐46:1996, MS IEC 60364‐4‐47:1996 and MS 
IEC 60364‐4‐481:1996. 

MS IEC 60364 ( CONT )

60

 MS IEC 60364‐4‐42 : 2003 Electrical installations of 
buildings 
buildings – Part 4 42: Protection for safety 
Part 4‐42: Protection for safety –
Protection against thermal effects (First revision).
~ Identical with IEC 60364‐4‐42:2001
~ Specifies protection for persons, fixed equipment, and 
fixed materials adjacent to electrical equipment against 
harmful effects of heat developed by electrical equipment, 
or thermal radiation, particularly the following effects:
| combustion or degradation of materials
| risk of burns
| impairment of the safe function of installed equipment.

~ Cancels and replaces MS IEC 60364‐4‐42:1996 and MS IEC 
60364‐4‐482:1996 

30
61
MS IEC 60364 ( CONT )

 MS IEC 60364‐4‐43
MS IEC 60364 : 2003 Electrical installation
4 43 : 2003 Electrical installation 
of buildings – Part 4‐43: Protection for safety –
Protection against over current (First revision) 
~ Identical with IEC 60364‐4‐43:2001
~ Describes how live conductors are protected by one 
or more devices for automotive interruption of the 
supply in the event of overload and short‐circuits 
except in cases where overcurrent is limited
~ Cancels and replaces MS IEC 60364‐4‐473:1996

62
MS IEC 60364 ( CONT )

 MS IEC 60364‐4‐44 : 2003 Electrical installations of 
g Part 4‐44: Protection for safety –
buildings – y Protection 
against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic 
disturbances (First revision)
~ Identical with IEC 60364‐4‐44:2001
~ Provides rules for the protection against the effect of 
conducted and radiated disturbances on electrical 
installations
~ Intended to provide for the safety of persons and equipment 
in a LV system in the event of a fault between the HV system 
and earth in the HV part of transformer stations which 
supply low‐voltage systems
~ Cancels and replaces MS IEC 60364‐4‐45:1996, MS IEC 
60364‐4‐442:1996 and MS IEC 60364‐4‐443:1996. 

31
63
MS IEC 60364 ( CONT )

 Other MS IEC codes already published
~ MS IEC 60364‐5‐55 : 2003 Electrical installations of 
buildings ‐ Part 5‐55: Selection and erection of electrical 
equipment ‐ Other equipment (First revision)
~ MS IEC 60364‐6‐61 : 2003 Electrical installations of 
buildings – Part 6‐61: Verification – Initial verification
~ MS IEC 60364‐5‐51 : 2003 Electrical installations of 
buildings : Part 5 : Selection and erection of electrical 
equipment : Chapter 51 : Common rules
~ MS IEC 60364‐5‐52 : 2003 Electrical installations of 
buildings – Part 5‐52: Selection and erection of electrical 
equipment – Wiring systems (First revision)

64
MS IEC 60364 ( CONT )

 MS IEC 60364‐5‐523 : 1996 Electrical installations of buildings : Part 5 
: Selection and erection of electrical equipment : Chapter 52 : Wiring 
systems : Section 523 : Current‐carrying capacities
 MS IEC 60364‐5‐53 : 2003 Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5‐
53: Selection and erection of electrical equipment – Isolation, 
switching and control (First revision)
 MS IEC 60364‐5‐54 : 1996 Electrical installations of buildings : Part 5 : 
Selection and erection of electrical equipment : Chapter 54 : Earthing
arrangements and protective conductor
arrangements and protective conductor
 MS IEC 60364‐5‐551 : 1996 Electrical installations of buildings : Part 5 
: Selection and erection of electrical equipment : Chapter 55 : Other 
equipment : Section 551 : Low‐voltage generating sets
 MS IEC 60364‐6‐61 : 1996 Electrical installations of buildings : Part 6 : 
Verification : Chapter 61 : Initial verification. 

32
 MS IEC 60364 ( CONT )
65

 MS IEC 60364‐7‐702 : 2003 Electrical installations of buildings – Part 7: 
Requirements for special installations – Section 702: Swimming pools 
Requirements for special installations  Section 702: Swimming pools
and other basins (First revision)

 MS IEC 60364‐7‐703 : 1996 Electrical installations of buildings : Part 7 : 
Requirements for special installations or locations : Section 703 : 
Locations containing sauna heaters

 MS IEC 60364‐7‐704 : 2003 Electrical installations of buildings – Part 7: 
Requirements for special installations – Section 704: Construction and 
demolition site installations (First revision)
demolition site installations (First revision)

 MS IEC 60364‐7‐705 : 1996 Electrical installation of buildings: Part 7 : 
Requirements for special installations or locations : Section 705 : 
Electrical installations of agricultural and horticultural premises

 MS IEC 60364‐7‐706 : 1996 Electrical installation of buildings: Part 7 : 
Requirements for special installations or locations : Section 706 : 
Restrictive conducting locations

66
MS IEC 60364 ( CONT )

 MS IEC 60364‐7‐707: 1996 Electrical installation of 
buildings: Part 7 : Requirements for special installations 
buildings: Part 7 : Requirements for special installations
or locations : Section 707: Earthing requirements for the 
installations of data processing equipment
 MS IEC 60364‐7‐708 : 1996 Electrical installation of 
buildings: Part 7 : Requirements for special installations 
or locations : Section 708 : Electrical installations in 
caravan parks and caravans
 MS IEC 60364‐7‐709 : 1996 Electrical installations of 
buildings : Part 7 : Requirements for special installations 
or locations : Section 709 : Marinas and pleasure craft

33
 O THER S TANDARDS IN USE
67

 Despite the adoption of the MS IEC 60364

~ BS 7671 wiring regulations was still the dominant
code of choice and practice
| This is reflected in the specifications and
certification methods in industry bid documents
~ Manufacturers are more open towards ISO/IEC
standards
| Especially those geared towards export
~ Other wiring codes have also been used (though
to a lesser extent) in large turn-key
turn key (design and
built) projects by foreign multinationals
| The oil and gas industry in particular lean towards
American Codes for Explosion proof standards
~ ANSI: American National Standards Institute
~ NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers Association

68 C URRENT S TANDARDS IN USE

 PEKELILING JABATAN KESELAMATAN ELEKTRIK 
SURUHANJAYA TENAGA BILANGAN 1 TAHUN 2008
SURUHANJAYA TENAGA BILANGAN 1 TAHUN 2008
~ Circular issued on 13 Mac 2008
~ Use of the following standards as guidelines
(to replace BS 7671:1992) for electrical
installations in the electric supply industry
for Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah.
| MS IEC 60364 ‐ Electrical Installations of Buildingg
| MS 1936:2006 Electrical Installations of Building ‐Guide To MS 
IEC  60364; and
| MS 1979:2007 Electrical Installations of Buildings ‐Code of 
Practice 

Note: currently  MS 1936:2007 Electrical Installations of Building ‐ Guide To MS IEC 60364

34