Science Test: Chemistry What charge are atoms?

Define: Why?

Cation/ Anion Where is the atomic weight located and

what does it tell us?
Oxidized/ reduced
Where is the atomic number located and
Ion what does it tell us?
Ionic compounds What do ionic compounds contain?
Dipolar What particle is generally lost in a chemical
Electronegativity reaction?

Molecule/ mole When drawing electron shells, what is the

maximum limit of e- in each shell? What
Saturated does it have to do to be stable?

Supersaturated Ions combine to form what? What type of

bonds are they?
Precipitate
What type of metals are in Groups 1 and 2,
Concentrated/ Diluted solutions
and what makes up Group 17?
Strong/ weak acid
How does MgBr react in H20?
Acetic acid
Explain why water is dipolar.

In H2O, what is usually the central atom?

What type of bond does methane have?

Why are ionic compounds not molecules?

Solve: How does the ionic compound

Ca(OH)2 dissociate in a one molar solution?

How does 1 MOL of MgCl2

dissociate in 2L of H2O?

How does KBr(aq) dissociate?

Science Test: Chemistry

 Define: If the solution is heated, and more
solute is added.
Cation/ Anion
Precipitate
Oxidized/ reduced
When the solution is cooled and
An atom becomes a cation when it becomes solid.
loses an electron and becomes positively
charged. It is oxidized. Concentrated/ Diluted solutions

An atom becomes an anion when it Concentrated solutions have a large

gains an electron. It is reduced. amounts of solute in solvent.

Ion Diluted solutions have small

amounts of solute in solvent.
Charged particle
Strong/ weak acid
Ionic compounds
Strong acid is acid that completely
Contains a metal and a non-metal. dissociates/ionizes in water.
Ions form to combine them, the bonds are
ionic. They dissolve and dissociate into Weak acid is acid that partially
cations and anions in water and other polar dissociates/ionizes in water.
solvents.
Acetic acid
Dipolar
CH3COOH(aq)--- CH3COO- + H+
Two poles (partial dissociation or ionization)

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract What charge are atoms?

electrons to itself in a chemical reaction.
All atoms are neutral.
Molecule/ mole
Why?
Mole- mass. 6.02 x 10^23
All stable atoms have the same
Molecule- a small mass. amount of negatively charged e- and
positively charged protons.
Saturated

When no more solute can be

dissolved in a solvent. Where is the atomic weight located (on the
periodic table near elements) and what does
Supersaturated it tell us?
 The atomic weight is above the
atomic number, and it shows the number of
nucleons that comprise the nucleus.
Where is the atomic number located and
what does it tell us?
The atomic number is located below
the atomic weight and shows the number of
protons in the nucleus.
What do ionic compounds contain?
A metal and a non-metal.
What particle is generally lost in a chemical
reaction?
The outermost electron.
When drawing electron shells, what is the
maximum limit of e- in each shell? What
does it have to do to be stable?
The innermost shell can only have 2
e-, but the rest can have up to 8. To be
stable, the second to the outermost shells all
have to have 8 e-.
Ions combine to form what? What type of
bonds are they?
Ionic compounds. Their bonds are
ionic.
What type of metals are in Groups 1 and 2,
and what makes up Group 17?
Alkali Metals in Group 1, Alkali
Earth Metals in Group 2. Halogens, or salt-
formers, make up Group 17.
How does MgBr react in H20?
MgBr2(aq)---Mg2++2Br-
Explain why water is dipolar.
The e- from H are more attracted to
O than H- the Electronegativity of H is 2.1,
while the Electronegativity of O is 3.5- O is
stronger, and therefore attracts more
electrons. This makes one pole, with O,
slightly more negative, and the pole with H
slightly more positive- there are 2 poles.
In H2O, what is usually the central atom?
O is central atom. H belongs to
Group 17, the halogens, and they are rarely,
if ever, central atoms.
What type of bond does methane have?
Covalent.
Why are ionic compounds not molecules?
Ionic compounds share e-, molecules
do not.
Solve: How does the ionic compound
Ca(OH)2 dissociate in a one molar solution?
7.4 g. (I think. I’m a little shaky.)
How does 1 MOL of MgCl2
dissociate in 2L of H2O?
(This is an example I pulled of the
study sheet. I couldn’t find the answer.)
How does KBr(aq) dissociate?
K+ + Br_