A Paper presentation on

Cloud
Computing
BY

GITAM INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY
GITAM UNIVERSITY

B.Santhosh kumar U.Santosh

kumar
GITAM GITAM

Vishakapatnam Vishakapatnam
email:santu44mca@gmail.com
email:uppada.santosh@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Computing is usually defined as the activity expectations and business demands, while
of using and developing computer using fewer resources. As more applications
are moving into the cloud, businesses are
technology, computer hardware and
seeing new opportunities to cloud
software. Computing includes designing and marketplace, is Business Process
building hardware and software systems for Management (BPM) software. In today’s
tough economic environment, more and
a wide range of purposes; processing,
more companies are looking to BPM to help
structuring, and various kinds of them survive and thrive. Bridge the gap
information. In this computing there are between advanced functionality and easy
accessibility. The intersection of cloud
many types. In these types one of the
computing with BPM creates cost savings,
computing is “Cloud Computing”. lowers barriers to entry, and reduces stress
The Cloud services concept centers on the on IT resources.
idea that information technology
applications are being delivered to the
face of a web browser from an
amorphous “cloud”.

This is one of the major market forces

converging to drive the nascent Cloud
Computing revolution into a full-fledged
information technology model change is just
beginning to appear in the Firms need to
respond faster to changing customer

Cloud Computing:
It's called cloud computing because the data
and applications exist on a "cloud" of Web
servers. In its broadest usage, the term cloud
computing refers to the delivery of scalable
IT resources over the Internet, as opposed to
hosting and operating those resources
locally, such as on a college or university
network. Those resources can include
applications and services, as well as the
infrastructure on which they operate. By
deploying (organize or arrange) IT
infrastructure and services over the network,
an organization can purchase these resources
on an as-needed basis and avoid the capital
costs of software and hardware. With cloud
computing, IT capacity can be adjusted
quickly and easily to accommodate changes
in demand. While remotely hosted, managed
services have long been a part of the IT
landscape, a heightened interest in cloud
Significance of cloud computing:
• Cloud computing presents IT
organizations with a fundamentally
different model of operation, one that
takes advantage of the maturity of web
applications and networks and the rising
interoperability of computing systems to
provide IT services.
• Cloud providers specialize in particular
applications and services, and this
expertise allows them to efficiently
manage upgrades and maintenance,
backups, disaster recovery, and failover
functions. As a result, consumers of
cloud services may see increased
reliability, even as costs decline due to
economies of scale and other production
computing is being fueled by ubiquitous
networks, maturing standards, the rise of
hardware and software virtualization, and
the push to make IT costs variable and
transparent.
factors.
• Cloud computing encourages IT
organizations and providers to increase
standardization of protocols and
processes so that the many pieces of the
cloud computing model can interoperate
properly and efficiently.
• Easy Implementation: Without the
need to purchase hardware, software
licenses or implementation services, a
company can get its Cloud computing
arrangement off the ground in record
time and for a fraction of the cost of an
on-premise solution
• Scalability: An organization can add
and subtract capacity as its network load
dictates. Better yet, because Cloud
computing follows a utility model in
which service costs are based on
consumption, companies pay for only
what they use. Cloud computing
scalability is another key benefit to
Working of the cloud:
“The only thing the user's computer
needs to be able to run is the cloud
computing system's interface software,
which can be as simple as a Web browser,
and the cloud's network takes care of the
rest.” When talking about a cloud
computing system, it's helpful to divide it
into two sections: the front end and the back
end. They connect to each other through a
network, usually the Internet.
The front end is the side the computer user,
or client, sees. The back end is the "cloud"
section of the system. The front end includes
like Internet Explorer or Firefox. Other
systems have unique applications that
provide network access to clients.
In traditional enterprise computing, IT
departments forecast demand for
applications and capacity and invest time
and money to develop those resources in-
house or purchase them from others and
higher education, particularly for
research projects that require vast
amounts of storage or processing
capacity for a limited time. Some
companies have built data centers near
sources of renewable energy, such as
wind farms and hydroelectric facilities,
and cloud computing affords access to
these providers of “green IT.”
operate them in-house. With cloud
computing, institutions procure IT services
from remote providers, and campus
constituents access these resources over the
Internet. E-mail, for example, long
considered a staple of an institution’s IT
operations, can be obtained from a range of
sources, and a growing number of campuses
contract with outside suppliers for this
applications and files they need from
virtually any Internet-connected computer
. In a mature cloud computing environment,
institutions would be able to add new IT
services or respond to changes in capacity
on the fly, saving capital costs that can be
redirected to programs of strategic value to
the institution.
Components of Cloud Computing:
Successful implementation of cloud
computing requires proper implementation
of certain components. Without any of these
components, cloud computing will not be
possible. These components can’t be easily
implemented by one person alone.
CLIENTS
SERVICES
PLATFORM
APPLICATION
STORAGE
INFRASTRUCTURE
Clients:
Everything ends with the client. The
hardware components, the application and
everything else developed for cloud
computing will be used in the client.
Without the client, nothing will be possible.
The client could come in two forms: the
hardware component or the combination of
software and hardware components.
Although it’s a common conception that
cloud computing solely relies on the cloud
(internet), there are certain systems that
requires pre-installed applications to ensure
smooth transition. The hardware on the
other hand will be the platform where
everything has to be launched.
 Thin client: A thin client (sometimes
also called a lean or slim client) is a
client computer or client software in  Thick client: Thick clients, also called
client-server architecture networks heavy clients, are full-featured
which depends primarily on the central computers that are connected to a
server for processing activities, and network. Unlike thin clients, which lack
mainly focuses on conveying input and hard drives and other features, thick
output between the user and the remote clients are functional whether they are
server. In contrast, a thick or fat client connected to a network or not.
does as much processing as possible and
passes only data for communications and
storage to the server.

 Service:

Cloud computing always has a purpose. One

of the main reasons cloud computing
become popular is due to the adoption of
businesses as the easier way to implement
business processes. Cloud computing is all
about processes and the services launched
through cloud computing always has to deal
with processes with an expected output. A
cloud service includes “products, services
and solutions that are delivered and
consumed in real-time over the Internet”.
Application:
Backbone of Service The service is often
though as the application. Although it’s
partly correct given the fact that it provides
the functions, the application is entirely
different because it is through the
application that the service is realized. This
is where software developers have to focus
programming languages or applications that
could be customized based on the need of
the enterprise. Because the platforms are
geared towards different functionalities
needed by the enterprise, they are dubbed as
platform as a service or PaaS.
Characteristics of Platform Cloud
Computing:
 Use of Online Programming
Language – PaaS is an online
application. Naturally, it will require
programming languages made for online
interaction. From simple HTML to
highly complicated JavaScript, and Java,
applications could be used to build
online applications which will serve
cloud computing.
 Powerful Integration – The online
application built by developers should
never be the final version. Updates
should be available and different forms
of integration should be available for the
application. This is necessary for PaaS
as the application will require the
application to be highly intricate with
data hosted in the server. Through
integration, Mash-up of different
application is possible.
 Collaboration and Instrumentation –
The development of PaaS should not be
limited to a team of developers alone.
Adaptation of the application is very
important since it will ensure ease of
development for other developers as
well as maintenance when the new
developer takes over.
Infrastructure:
Cloud infrastructure, such as Infrastructure
as a service, is the delivery of computer
infrastructure, typically a platform
virtualization environment, as a service.
Example: Full virtualization (Go Grid, Sky
tap, island).
Architecture:
Cloud architecture extends to the client,
where web browsers and/or software
applications access cloud applications.
Cloud architecture the systems architecture
of the software systems involved in the
delivery of cloud computing, comprises
hardware and software designed by a cloud
architect who typically works for a cloud
integrator. It typically involves multiple
cloud components communicating with each
other over application programming
interfaces, usually web services.
 A Cloud application leverages the Cloud

Cloud application: in software architecture, often

eliminating the need to install and run.

Some characteristics and ways to tell

if an application is in the Cloud:
• If you need to send a 40 page • If you can‘t de-provision in less than ten
requirements document to the vendor minutes… it‘s not a Cloud
then …it‘s not Cloud • If you know where the machines are…
• If you can‘t buy it on your personal it‘s not a Cloud
credit card… it‘s not a Cloud • If there is a consultant in the room… it‘s
• If they are trying to sell you hardware… not a Cloud
it‘s not a Cloud
• If there is no API… it‘s not a Cloud
• If you need to re-architect your systems
for it… It‘s not a Cloud
• If it takes more than ten minutes to
provision… it‘s not a Cloud
Conclusion:
The cloud will help businesses
become more responsive to
change, of that there is no doubt.
Organizations need to transform
themselves in to agile operations
capable of turning a constantly
changing business environment in
to solid business opportunities.

References:
www.lonewolflibrarian.wordpress.com/2009/02/
www.neill28.wordpress.com/2009/11/06/week-7/

www.ivanov.wordpress.com/2008/05/01/cloud-
computing/