GAS IUPWARE

HYDRAULICS Course

PC-Exercise IRRIGATION NETWORK DESIGN

Part 1.

Given the irrigation network of Ophoven (Province Limburg, Belgium), however, with non-
optimal diameters. When you run the problem (NET01.tsk), you will see that in some nodes
the pressure will be negative. This implies that in those nodes, there cannot be any outflow of
the water. Therefore, in a first step you must modify the network, by changing pipe
diameters only, so that you can guarantee that the pressure is positive in each node were
water is demanded. This condition must be fulfilled for the condition of maximum capacity
of the network (peak factor = 3.96). Choose pipe diameters only from the catalogue below!
Check whether the pipe can withstand the pressure ! Make changes as little as possible in
order to minimize the additional cost ! Justify the choice of the pipes you modify.

Part 2.

In a second step, you will reduce the peak factor from 3.96 to 2.64 (edit the file LIBI2.BAS
on the 3rd line). For this nominal use of the network, you must try to minimise the head
losses, in order to save energy for the pumping station. In order to do so, try to get the
minimal pressure in each node larger than 17 m. Make changes as little as possible in order to
minimise the additional cost !

Part 3: Cost analysis

The total actualized energy consumption cost E is given by the formula:

ρg Hp Q p
E = T F a
η
where: ρ = density of water = 1000
3
kg/m
g = gravity constant = 9.81 m/s2
Hp = pumping head (m) = preq. + hsuction + (ppump - pmin) = 100 + 3 + 29 + (see
output)
Qp = pumped discharge (m3/s) : see output file
T = pumping hours per year = 1664 hr
F = unit energy price = 6 BEF/kWh
η = pump efficiency = 70%
a = actualization factor
1
a = (1 − (1 + i ) − n )
i
i = interest = 5.5%
n = design lifetime = 40 yr

Compare the energy cost with the increase in cost of the network by modification of the pipe
diameters.

1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PIPE CATALOGUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PN16 series PN25 series
(pmax = 16 bar) (pmax= 25 bar)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nominal Diameter Price/m Price/m
(mm) (BEF/m)
(BEF/m)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
100 470
900
150 800
1300
200 1300
1850
250 2300
2500
300 2850
3100
400 3900
4250
500 5000
5500
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Step 4. Network modification

Try to obtain a cheaper solution by changing the network layout, i.e. by taking away and/or
adding pipes. Adding a new pipe has to be done with the INPUT software. A pipe can be
taken away by Aclosing@ it. Justify your choices and make the cost analysis again. List all
the changes that you have tried and explain why you reject or accept certain modifications.

Write a report and add a diskette with your final solutions (*.out files) for each step.