INTRODUCTION

Dishergarh power supply corporation ltd. consists of two generating

stations-
 Dishergarh power station(DPS)
 Chinakuri power station(CPS)
Major portion of power is purchased from DVC and WBSEDCL
There are 4 receiving stations receiving power from DVC-Dishergarh,
Luchhipur, J.K.Nagar, Shibpur and 2 stations receiving power from
WBSEDCL-Gopalpur and Bankola.The licensing area of DPSCL is around
618 sqkm extending from Barakar to Andal.
CPS has no distribution network of its own, so the total distribution of
this power station is through the DPS power station network.
Due to excessive load on distribution system DPS purchase power from
DVC as per requirement.DPS purchase power from DVC at 33KV.
DPS system has 3 generators of 12.2MW capacity. But presently it
generates 3MW power. It distributes power through 11KV line by using
steel cored aluminum overhead lines and underground cables.DPS has both
ring main and radial feeders.
In Jamuria, DPSC in collaboration with West Bengal Green Energy
Development Cor. Ltd has set up a solar plant in auto synchronization with
the Shibpur grid. It has the capacity to generate 2MW but presently only
1MW is generated.

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 DISERGARH POWER STATION
The station has 3 number of boilers number ‘H’ through ‘J’ installed in
different years with varying pressures, temperature and capacity ratings.
There were 7 boilers A to G which are discarded now.

OPERATION FOR BOILER A TO G

In DPS boiler A to G is not available now for low productivity, less
efficiency, more operating and maintenance cost.

PRE-START CHECK (BOILERS &AUXILIARIES):

1. Water level
Water level at absolute gauge should be checked. This should read
half glass after initial and expansion must be maintained at this level
while the boiler is being fired.

2. Access Doors
All access doors should be checked, and manhole covers inspection
caps for security and effectiveness of shell must be checked.

3. Valves
All air release valves on boiler steam spaces are opened.
Super heater drain valves are opened.
All other drain and blow down valves are closed.
Main stream stop valves are closed.
Boiler feed water supply valves are closed.
It has to check that super heater drain is free to discharge into a
suitable flash vessel.
4. Pumps
Bearing oil level and lubrication system oil must be checked.
Prime pumps, feed and discharge pipes with fluid and release
valves are closed.
Suction valves should be opened.
Bearing cooling water supply should be checked if filtered.

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 5. Dampers
Setting of all dampers should be checked. Dampers associated with
fans on either suction or discharge side, must be closed before starting
to avoid loading of drive.

STARTING UP INSTRUCTIONS FOR H, I & J BOILERS

General: Before starting up we have to ensure that the following
equipments are in working order.
Combustion equipment including fans and air central mechanism.
Feed pump.
Minimum instruments to ensure safe operation of the boiler i.e.
pressure, draught and temperature gauges and motor ammeters.
Alarms on items of auxiliary equipments.
Other items such as flow meters and analysis equipments should be
checked.

SHUT DOWN OF H, I & J BOILERS

When shutting down a running boiler the following operations are to be
done:
Operate all soot boilers.
Reduce firing rate stability until the boiler is completely shut down.
Raise water level to ¾ glasses.
When pressure in the boiler has fallen to approximately 15% of the
working pressure shut down the main stop valve. At this time blow
down may be opens and pressure reduces 30 Pascal.
At this pressure the air release valves maybe opened. This will prevent
a vacuum forming within the boiler as it cools further.
Close the feed valves.
Switched off F.D & I.D fans.
Shut all dampers.
Shut all blow down and drain valves (except super heater drain valves
& drain valves between isolating valve & range valve).
Open economizer gas bypass fully.

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MAINTENANCE
All rotary equipments should be checked so that breaks down should
not occur.
Pressure parts, mainly safety valves & all other valves are checked.
Full furnaces are checked.

BOILER DETAILS
Type: Water Tube Boiler.
Dry saturated steam temperature around 608 C to 614 C.
Minimum percentage of oxygen required inside the furnace is
21%.This oxygen is supplied and controlled by the I.D fans.
Steam is fed to the steam turbines and these steam turbines are
coupled with alternators.

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DRAUGHT SYSTEM

This difference in pressure required to maintain the constant flow of air to

discharge the gases through the chimney to atmosphere is known as
DRAUGHT.
Draught can be obtained by the use of chimney fans, steam or air jet or
combination of these. When the draught is produced by the help of chimney
only, it is known as Natural draught and any other means to produce
draught is known as Artificial draught.

NATURAL DRAUGHT AND THE DESIGN OF CHIMNEY

The natural draught is obtained with the use of tall chimney, which may
be sufficient or insufficient to overcome the losses in the system.
A chimney is a vertical tubular structure of masonry, brick steel or
reinforced concrete built for the purpose of enclosing a column of hot gases
to produce the discharge gases through high enough which will prevent the
air pollution. Chimney keeps the fuel gasses at a high crowded locality and
maintains the cleanliness,

ARTIFICIAL DRAUGHT

It is seen that the draught produced by chimney is affected by

atmospheric condition.
The draught required in actual power plant is sufficiently high (300 mm
of water) and to meet high draught requirements. Some other system must be
used, known as artificial draught. It is more economical when the required
draught is above 40mm of water. It has 3 types-Forced draught, Induced
draught and Balanced draught.

1. Forced Draught: Here a blower is installed near the base boiler and is
forced to pass through the furnace, economizer and pre-heater and to
the stack.
This draught system is known as forced draught because the
pressure of the air throughout the system is above atmospheric
pressure and air is forced to flow through the system.
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2. Induced Draught: Here the boiler is located near the base of the
chimney instead of near the grate. The induced draught fan sucks the
burnt gases from the furnace and pressure inside the furnace is reduced
below the atmosphere and includes atmospheric air to flow through the
furnace.
3 Balanced draught: It is the combination of the above two draught
systems.

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 \
PUMP HOUSE

INTRODUCTION
Pump plays a vital role in the operation of a thermal power station. The
function of a pump is to add to the pressure existing on a liquid, an
increment is sufficient to the required service.
The raw water pumps provided for pumping in the ‘MAKE UP’ water
over DAMODAR is turbine pump.

1. RECIPROCATING PUMP
The reciprocating pumps are best in field of high pressure, mode
rate capacity pumps. Against the disadvantage from the capacity point
of view, the reciprocating pumps have the following advantages:
i. Simplicity of the designed and understandability of pumping
action by the average operator.
ii. Flexibility in operation.
iii. Fairly quiet and can set on light foundation.
iv. Not likely to become misaligned.
v. Comparatively low initial cost.
vi. Easy maintenance.
The pump basically consists of 3 major components
i. A drive unit
ii. A reciprocating unit
iii. A liquid end
To prevent the pump from damage a safety/relief valve must be
installed in the pump discharge line. These pumps are started with
3 suction & discharge valves fully operated.

2. CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
The pumps perform the following operations
i. They develop continuous flow.
ii. Runs at high speed.
iii. Compact in size.

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 The centrifugal pumps essentially consist of a rotating impeller and a
casing to surround the impeller and to direct liquid flow. Liquid let into the
centre or “EYE” of impeller is quickly rotated and discharged from the
periphery of the impeller with velocity and pressure more than it had at the
“EYE”. It is a velocity machine.
Its pumping action requires first, the production of a liquid velocity.
Second, the conversion of the velocity to the pressure head. The velocity is
given by the rotating impeller. The conversion is accomplished by diffusing
guide vanes or in a route ensuring surrounding the impeller.
Mechanically simple, yet easy to damage if not operated carefully.
These pumps most driven by electrical motors, achieve full speed in about
15secs.
One should be very careful that no valves are closed in the suction
line and the pump is not dry during the start.

3. BOILER FEED PUMP

The boiler feed pump is high pressure centrifugal pump provided
with mechanical seal, warning rings, additional thrust bearing balancing
device and driven by induction motor. It is a multi stage pump used to
deliver water to boiler. It has high capacity. Specialty of this pump is that, it
has balancing leak off, minimum recalculation and special type of coupling.
The nos. of stages in DPS are 10 and that in CPS is 13.Suction water
is coming from feed water storage tank and normal suction pressure
head(NPSH).So that it can discharge up to desired pressure. There are 5 feed
pumps in DPS.

4. CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMP

It is a positive suction pump. It is a double stage centrifugal. To
extract condensate from hot well to feed water tank through different heat
exchanger like L.P.Heater, gland cooler, vent condenser, heat exchanger(to
feed water tank).There are 3 condensate pumps in DPS motor of those
pumps are made by Kirlosker Electric Company Ltd.,Bangalore.These
motors are induction motor.Chemflo,Akay industries and Karnataka makes
pumps, speed=2900 r.p.m.
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CHECK LIST STARTING THE PUMP
The pump rotates freely by hand.
Sealing connection is properly tightened and adjusted.
Full in the grease/oil for bearing if not done earlier.
The direction of rotation of motor corresponds to the direction of
rotating of pump.
The pump and the suction pipe are primed with the liquid.
Valve on the delivery side is closed.
Stuffing box packing is properly tightened.
The cock for pressure gauge connection is closed.

STARTING THE PUMP:

Start the pump; let the prime mover pick up its full speed.
Open the valve of delivery side slowly to reduce the starting load on
the motor.
Open the cock for special gauge connection.

DURING RUNNING OF THE PUMP:

Check the following:
The pump is running smooth.
The flow of sealing liquid.
Leakage through stuffing box is normal; there should be leakage of
60-80 drops per minute.
The bearing not getting heated up excessively.
Power consumption is within the limit.
Head and capacity developed by the pump is as specified.
Ensure that there is no mechanical friction in the pump.
Stop the pump immediately if any defects are noticed.

DURING STOPPING THE PUMPS:

Close the valve on delivery side.
Stop the motor.
If the pump is not required to be operated for a long time, then drain
the casing completely.

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