BIOL 2250 – Microbiology for Health Sciences Spring 2010

Instructor: Renee McFarlane Exam 3

NAME _________________________________________

Mark your answers on BOTH the scantron sheet and on the test.

The test is worth 100 points. The multiple-choice will be worth 80 points and the true/false questions are worth
a total of 20 points.

Please report any typos or numbering errors.

Finally, if a question is not clear, ASK for clarification. If you are confused about how to mark the
answers on your scantron sheet ASK! Credit will not be given for unasked questions.

1. Which of the following results in long-term immunity? individual basis

a. the passage of maternal antibodies to her developing d. deny entrance of pathogens to the body
fetus
b. the inflammatory response to a splinter 5. Which of the following is not part of the body’s
c. the administration of serum obtained from people nonspecific defense system?
immune to rabies a. inflammation
d. the administration of the chicken pox vaccine b. phagocytosis by neutrophils
e. the passage of maternal antibodies to her nursing infant c. phagocytosis by macrophages
d. antibodies
2. Which of the following best describes the difference in
the way B cells and cytotoxic T cells respond to
invaders?
a. B cells kills viruses directly; cytotoxic T cells kills virus-
infected cells.
b. B cells secrete antibodies against a virus; cytotoxic T
cells kill virus-infected cells.
c. B cells accomplish cell-mediated immunity; cytotoxic T 6. The process by which neutrophils squeeze
cells accomplish humoral immunity. through capillary walls in response to
d. B cells respond the first time the invader is present; inflammatory signals is called
cytotoxic T cells respond subsequent times. a. emigration
b. chemotaxis
c. margination
d. opsonization
3. Inflammation
a. aids in temporary repair at an injury site 7. Which antibody class can fix complement?
b. slows the spread of pathogens a. IgA
c. facilitates permanent repair b. IgD
d. All of the above c. IgE
e. None of the above d. IgF
e. IgM
4. Compared with nonspecific defenses, specific
defenses 8. Which antibody class is abundant in body
a. do not distinguish between one threat secretions?
and another a. IgA
b. are always present at birth b. IgD
c. protect against threats on an c. IgE

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BIOL 2250 – Microbiology for Health Sciences Spring 2010
Instructor: Renee McFarlane Exam 3
d. IgG due to
e. IgM a. viral infections.
b. protozoan and helminthic infections.
9. Septic shock due to gram-positive bacteria is c. fungal infections.
caused by d. bacterial infections.
a. A-B toxins. e. All of the above.
b. Lipid A.
c. membrane-disrupting toxins. 17. A needlestick is an example of which portal of
d. superantigens. entry?
a. Skin
10. Injectable drugs are tested for endotoxins by: b. Parenteral route
a. The Limulus amoebocyte lysate test. c. Mucous membranes
b. counting the viable bacteria. d. Gastrointestinal
c. filtering out the cells.
d. looking for turbidity. 18. The mechanism by which gram-negative
e. None of the above. bacteria can cross the blood-brain barrier.
a. Producing fimbriae
11. Which of the following choices show the order b. Inducing endocytosis
in which white blood cells migrate to infected c. Producing toxins
tissues? d. Inducing TNF
a. Macrophages - monocytes e. All of the above
b. Lymphocytes - macrophages
c. Neutrophils - macrophages 19. Which of the following does not cause
d. Neutrophils - monocytes vasodilation?
e. Macrophages - neutrophils a. Kinins
b. Prostaglandins
c. Lysozymes
d. Histamine

For questions 12-15, match the letters to the appropriate

description. 20. Which of the following is involved in resistance
to parasitic helminths?
A. Neutrophil a. Basophil
B. B cell b. Eosinophil
C. Mast cell c. Lymphocyte
D. Helper T cell d. Monocyte
E. Memory B cell e. Neutrophil

12. Carries out humoral immunity B
13. Cell most commonly infected by HIV D
14. Contains histamines that trigger allergy
symptoms C
15. A phagocytic white blood cell A
16. Cytopathic effects are changes in the host cells
21. Type of immunity resulting from the transfer of
antibodies from one individual to a susceptible
individual by means of injection.
a. Innate immunity
b. Naturally acquired active immunity
c. Naturally acquired passive immunity
d. Artificially acquired active immunity
e. Artificially acquired passive
immunity
22. The best definition of an antibody is

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BIOL 2250 – Microbiology for Health Sciences Spring 2010
Instructor: Renee McFarlane Exam 3
a. a serum protein.
b. a protein that inactivates or kills an
antigen.
c. a protein made in response to an
antigen that can combine with that
antigen.
d. an enzyme.
e. None of the above

23. Which of the following causes pores in target

cells?
a. Antigen
b. Hapten
c. IL-1 28. In the figure, the arrow at time d indicates
d. IL-2 a. the time of exposure to the same antigen
e. Perforin at time a.
b. the secondary response.
24. Cell death caused by perforin is caused by c. the primary response.
a. CD8 cells d. exposure to a new antigen.
b. TH cells
c. B cells 29. IL-2, produced by TH cells,
d. TC cells a. activate macrophages.
b. stimulates TH cell maturation.
25. Which subunit of the exotoxin is the binding c. causes phagocytosis.
portion of the molecule? d. activates antigen-presenting cells.
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E

26. Type of immunity resulting from vaccination.

a. Innate immunity
b. Naturally acquired active immunity
c. Naturally acquired passive immunity 30. Most Gram-negative bacteria have a
d. Artificially acquired active immunity lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is found in the
e. Artificially acquired passive immunity a. plasma membrane.
b. cell wall.
27. The specificity of an antibody is due to c. inner membrane.
a. the heavy chains d. outer membrane.
b. the light chains e. periplasmic space.
c. the constant regions of the heavy and
light chains 31. The definition of lysogeny is
d. the variable regions of the heavy and a. phage DNA is incorporated into the
light chains host cell DNA.
e. All of the above b. lysis of the host cell due to a phage.
c. the period during replication when
virions are not present.
d. when the burst time takes an unusually
long time.

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 BIOL 2250 – Microbiology for Health Sciences Spring 2010
Instructor: Renee McFarlane Exam 3
e. nephrotoxins.
32. Which of the following is not a membrane-
disrupting toxin? 36. The best definition of cell mediated immunity is:
a. A-B toxin a. immunity involving macrophages.
b. Hemolysin b. immunity involving stem cells.
c. Leukocidins c. immunity involving the lymphatic system.
d. Streptolysin O d. immunity involving T cells.
e. Streptolysin S e. immunity involving platelets.

Use this figure to answer questions 33-34. 37. The process by which microorganisms attach
themselves to cells is
a. infection.
b. contamination.
c. disease.
d. adhesion.

38. The nature of bacterial capsules

a. causes widespread blood clotting.
b. allows phagocytes to readily engulf
these bacteria.
c. affects the virulence of these bacteria.
d. has no effect on the virulence of
bacteria.
e. All of the above
33. Which areas are different for all IgM antibodies?
a. a and b 39. Which of the following is not an effect of
b. a and c complement activation?
c. b and c a. Interference with viral replication
d. c and d b. Bacterial cell lysis
e. a and d c. Opsonization
d. Increased phagocytic activity
e. Increased blood vessel permeability

34. What can attach to a host cell?

a. a and c 40. Several inherited deficiencies in the complement
b. b and c system occurs in humans. Which of the
c. b following would be the most severe?
d. d a. Deficiency of C3
e. e b. Deficiency of C5
c. Deficiency of C6
35. Cytotoxins having a specific toxic action upon d. Deficiency of C7
cells/tissues of the liver are e. Deficiency of C8
a. hepatotoxins.
b. cardiotoxins.
c. enterotoxins.
d. neurotoxins.

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BIOL 2250 – Microbiology for Health Sciences Spring 2010
Instructor: Renee McFarlane Exam 3
TRUE OR FALSE - The following questions can be answered either true or false. Write your answer on the
scantron as follows: TRUE = A FALSE = B

41. Wandering macrophages experience margination. A

42. Lymphocytes are large agranulocytes. B

43. The hypothalamus of the brain controls body temperature. A

44. Apoptosis is the term used to describe cellular suicide. A

45. Interferon is produced by viruses. B

46. Exotoxins are composed of proteins. A

47. Histamine increases permeability of capillaries so that leukocytes can more readily reach the infection
site. A

48. C3a causes opsonization. B

49. Like B cells, T cells originate from stem cells in bone marrow. A

50. In a process called clonal deletion, lymphocytes that destroy host tissues are destroyed. A