Submited By : Submited To :

EKTA .D. CHORDIA KAUSHAL DALWADI

08-ITG-71
080410116071

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 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that MISS. EKTA

.D. CHORDIA I.D. No. : 08-itg-71

(080410116014) of programme t.y.i.t - A (v sem)

has satisfactorily Completed his term work in

Course E-Commerce for the term ending in

NOVEMBER 2010.

STAFF IN CHARGE: HEAD OF

KAUSHAL DALWADI DEPARTMENT:

DATE:

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 INDEX

1. TITLE PAGE……………………………………………………………………………………………………………1

2. CERTIFICATE………………………………………………………………………………………………………..2

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………………………………..…4

4. About E-Commerce…………………………………………………………………………….5

5. What Is Wikimedia Foundation……………………………………………………………..7

6. History and growth..............................................................................................9

7. What Is Wikipedia ………..………………………………………………………………………………..11

8. Advantages Of Freely Licensed Wikipedia………………………..…..…….13

9. Free Software…………..…………………….……………………………………………….…….……16

10. How big is wikipedia ……………………………………………………….……………………….……..17

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 11. How popular is wikipedia………………………………………………… …….……….…..….…..18

12. Swot analysis……………………………………………………………………………………………..……….19

13. Edit across namespaces……………………………………………………………….………………..20

14. Two views of wikipedia………………………………………………………………….……….……….21

15.Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………….22

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A Seminar is a very important part of the technical curriculum and that to when

bachelor program, which is aimed at developing fundamental concept of a technical

subject. The educational level of student is raised as his theoretical and practical

understanding becomes more powerful. A seminar on a particular subject will grow and

interest for a deep knowledge on particular topic. A seminar on different topics for

each and every student will always expand the span of technical knowledge in student.

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 It builds up cooperation help us to develop confidence and makes effective

communication in student.

I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude of “KAUSHAL DALWADI” Of

“Information Technology Dept”, S.V.I.T.VASAD for guiding and helping us to prepare

the project on “Wikipedia”.

I heartily acknowledge his cooperation and assistance, which could spare his

valuable time and help in preparing project. I am grateful to all other friends, who

helped me in my project. Lastly, I would express my wholehearted appreciation to the

SVIT family for the continuous support, encouragement and invaluable tips.

 What is E-commerce?
 Electronic commerce or e-commerce refers to wide range of online
business activities for products and services.

 E-commerce is the use of Electronic communications and digital

information processing technology .

BUSINESS To CONSUMER (B2C)

BUSINESS To BUSINESS
(B2B)
TYPES OF
E-COMMERCE

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 Business
Business processes
processes that
that support
buying and selling activities
support buying and selling
activities

BUSINESS TO GOVERNMENT
(B2G)

CONSUMER TO CONSUMER
(C2C)

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 BUSINESS TO CONSUMER(B2C)
 Business sell product or service to individual consumers.

 Ex.Walmart.com sells merchandise to consumer through its website.

 BUSINESS TO BUSINESS(B2B)
 Business sell product or service to other companies.

 Ex.Grainger.com sells industrial supplies to small and large businesses

through its website.

 Business processes that support buying and selling activities

 Business and other organizations maintain and use information to
identify and evaluate customers ,suppliers ,and employees.

 Increasingly ,businesses share this information in carefully managed

ways with their customers ,suppliers ,employees ,and business
partners.

 Ex.Dell Computer uses secure Internet connections to share current

sales and sales forecast information with suppliers.

• The suppliers can use this information to plan their own production
and deliver components parts to Dell in the right quantities at the
right time.

 Consumer to Consumer(C2C)
 Participants in an online marketplace can buy and sell goods to each
other.

 Because one party is selling, and thus acting as a business ,so C2C as
a part of B2C E-Commerce.

 Ex

• Consumers and businesses trade with each other in the eBay.com

online marketplace.

 BUSINESS TO GOVERNMENT(B2G)

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  Business sell goods or services to government agencies, so B2G as a
part of B2C E-Commerce.

 Ex.CAL-Buy portal for business that want to sel online to the State of
California.

What Is Wikimedia Foundation ?

 Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. is a non-profit charitable organization

headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States, and organized
under the laws of the state of Florida, where it was initially based.
 It operates several online collaborative wiki projects including Wikipedia,
Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikibooks, Wikisource, Wikimedia Commons,
Wikispecies, Wikinews, Wikiversity, Wikimedia Incubator and Meta-Wiki.
Its flagship project, Wikipedia, ranks among the top ten most-visited
websites worldwide.
 The creation of the foundation was officially announced on June 20, 2003
by Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales, who had been operating Wikipedia
under the aegis of his company Bomis.

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 Goals :-

 The Wikimedia Foundation falls under section 501(c)(3) of the US Internal

Revenue Code as a public charity.
 Its National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities (NTEE) code is C60 (Adult,
Continuing Education).
 The foundation's by-laws declare a statement of purpose of collecting and
developing educational content and to disseminate it effectively and
globally.
 The Wikimedia Foundation's stated goal is to develop and maintain open
content, wiki-based projects and to provide the full contents of those
projects to the public free of charge.
 This is possible thanks to its Terms of Use (updated and approved on June
2009, to adopt CC-BY-SA license).

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History and growth :-

 Jimmy Wales, Founder of the Wikimedia Foundation, in December 2008

 The Wikimedia Foundation was created from Wikipedia and Nupedia on
June 20, 2003.
 It applied to the United States Patent and Trademark Office to trademark
Wikipedia on September 17, 2004.
 The mark was granted registration status on January 10, 2006. Trademark
protection was accorded by Japan on December 16, 2004, and in the
European Union on January 20, 2005.
 Technically a service mark, the scope of the mark is for: "Provision of
information in the field of general encyclopedic knowledge via the
Internet.
 There are plans to license the use of the Wikipedia trademark for some
products, such as books or DVDs.

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 The name "Wikimedia" was coined by American author Sheldon Rampton
in a post to the English mailing list in March 2003.
 With the foundation's announcement, Wales also transferred ownership of
all Wikipedia, Wiktionary and Nupedia domain names to Wikimedia along
with the copyrights for all materials related to these projects that were
created by Bomis employees or Wales himself.
 The computer equipment used to run all the Wikimedia projects was also
donated by Wales to the foundation, which also acquired the domain
names "wikimedia.org" and "wikimediafoundation.org".
 In April 2005, the US Internal Revenue Service approved (by letter) the
foundation as an educational foundation in the category "Adult,
Continuing Education", meaning all contributions to the Wikimedia
Foundation are tax deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
 On December 11, 2006, the Wikimedia Foundation board noted that the
corporation could not become the membership organization initially
planned but never implemented due to an inability to meet the
registration requirements of Florida Statute.
 Accordingly, the bylaws were amended to remove all reference to
membership rights and activities.
 The decision to change the bylaws was passed by the board unanimously.
 On September 25, 2007, the Wikimedia Foundation board gave notice
that the operations would be moving to the San Francisco Bay Area. Major

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 considerations cited for choosing San Francisco were proximity to like-
minded organizations and potential partners as well as cheaper and more
convenient international travel than is available from St. Petersburg.
 The one billionth edit to a Wikimedia project took place in April 16, 2010.

What Is Wikipedia ?

 Wikipedia is a free, web-based, collaborative, multilingual encyclopedia

project supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation.
 Its 16 million articles (over 3.4 million in English) have been written
collaboratively by volunteers around the world, and almost all of its
articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site.
 Wikipedia was launched in 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger and is
currently the largest and most popular general reference work on the
Internet, ranking seventh among all websites on Alexa.
 The name Wikipedia was coined by Larry Sanger and is a portmanteau
from wiki (a technology for creating collaborative websites, from the
Hawaiian word wiki, meaning "quick") and encyclopedia.
 Although the policies of Wikipedia strongly espouse verifiability and a
neutral point of view, critics of Wikipedia accuse it of systemic bias and

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 inconsistencies (including undue weight given to popular culture), and
allege that it favors consensus over credentials in its editorial processes.
 Its reliability and accuracy are also targeted.
 Other criticisms center on its susceptibility to vandalism and the addition
of spurious or unverified information, though scholarly work suggests that
vandalism is generally short-lived, and an investigation in Nature found
that the material they compared came close to the level of accuracy of
Encyclopædia Britannica and had a similar rate of "serious errors.”
 Wikipedia's departure from the expert-driven style of the encyclopedia
building mode and the large presence of unacademic content have been
noted several times.
 When Time magazine recognized You as its Person of the Year for 2006,
acknowledging the accelerating success of online collaboration and
interaction by millions of users around the world, it cited Wikipedia as one
of several examples of Web 2.0 services, along with YouTube, MySpace,
and Facebook. Some noted the importance of Wikipedia not only as an
encyclopedic reference but also as a frequently updated news resource
because of how quickly articles about recent events appear.
 Students have been assigned to write Wikipedia articles as an exercise in
clearly and succinctly explaining difficult concepts to an uninitiated
audience.

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 Advantages Of Freely Licensed Wikipedia ?

 Often, people wish to "donate" copyrighted materials to Wikipedia.

These materials may be text (including monographs, articles, etc.) or
images (including photographs).
 They may or may not already be posted on some other web site. They
may or may not actually be appropriate for inclusion in Wikipedia.
 This page exists to provide some guidance in these matters.
 Most of what is on this page also applies to work in the public domain, but
the focus is on copyrighted materials, because they raise more
complicated issues.
 When you contribute material to Wikipedia, you are not giving us
exclusive use of it. You still retain any rights you previously held, but you
are giving non-exclusive license under Creative Commons Attribution-
Sharealike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA) and the GNU Free

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 Documentation License (GFDL) (unversioned, with no invariant sections,
front-cover texts, or back-cover texts).
 Note that there is no way to say "you can use this in Wikipedia, but not
anywhere else or in derivative works."
 Also, because some derivative works may be commercial, we cannot
accept materials that are licensed only for education use or even for
general non-commercial use.
 Note, too, that the Wikimedia Foundation's Terms of Use allow text by
others or which you have co-authored with others to be imported under
CC-BY-SA or CC-BY-SA-compatible license alone, without need to verify
compatibility with GFDL, but text for which you hold the copyright yourself
must be licensed under both CC-BY-SA and GFDL.
 Please be aware that the content you donate is subject to continuous
editing by the Wikipedia community.
 It may be added to, subtracted from, rearranged, illustrated, split into
multiple articles, translated into other languages, and otherwise changed
beyond your expectations.
 Your contribution will always be part of the page history, so you retain
credit for your work — our licenses require us to provide that credit, and
to ensure that you are not held liable in any sense for the changes others
make to your work.
 Do remember that one of the benefits of this freedom to edit is that you
are freely able to incorporate the improvements that others make into
your own website or source work, so long as it remains under the CC-BY-
SA or GFDL.

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 Free Software

 Free software, software libre or libre software is software that can

be used, studied, and modified without restriction, and which can be
copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified form either without
restriction, or with minimal restrictions only to ensure that further
recipients can also do these things and that manufacturers of consumer-
facing hardware allow user modifications to their hardware.
 Free software is generally available without charge, but can have a fee,
such as in the form of charging for CDs or other distribution medium
among other ways.

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 In practice, for software to be distributed as free software, the human-
readable form of the program (the source code) must be made available
to the recipient along with a notice granting the above permissions.
 Such a notice either is a free software license, or a notice that the source
code is released into the public domain.
 The free software movement was conceived in 1983 by Richard Stallman
to satisfy the need for and to give the benefit of software freedom to
computer users.
 Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to provide the
organizational structure to advance his Free Software ideas.
 From 1998 onward, alternative terms for free software came into use. The
most common are software libre, free and open source software (FOSS)
and free, libre and open source software (FLOSS).
 The Software Freedom Law Center was founded in 2005 to protect and
advance FLOSS. The antonym of free software is proprietary software or
non-free software.
 Commercial software may be either free software or proprietary software,
contrary to a popular misconception that commercial software is a
synonym for proprietary software.
 An example of commercial free software is GNAT. Free software, which
may or may not be distributed free of charge, is distinct from freeware
which, by definition, does not require payment for use.
 The authors or copyright holders of freeware may retain all rights to the
software; it is not necessarily permissible to reverse engineer, modify, or
redistribute freeware.
 Since free software may be freely redistributed it is generally available at
little or no cost. Free software business models are usually based on
adding value such as applications, support, training, customization,
integration, or certification.
 At the same time, some business models which work with proprietary
software are not compatible with free software, such as those that

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 depend on the user to pay for a license in order to lawfully use the
software product.

How Big Is Wikipedia ?

 Wikipedia currently has 3,475,973 articles in total in the English version

alone.
 In a past comparison of encyclopedias, Wikipedia had about
1,400,000 articles with 340 million words in total, the Encyclopædia
Britannica had about 85,000 articles with 55 million words in total, and
Microsoft's Encarta had about 63,000 articles and 40 million words in
total.

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 Thanks to the mass-collaboration of Wikipedians, the enlargement of
Wikipedia continues at a rapid pace, a pace much greater than that of
conventional encyclopedias.
 In 15 months the publicly distributed compressed database dumps may
reach 1 terabyte total size.

 Big Wikipedia Globally :-

 English – 412,000 articles

 German – 172,000 articles
 Japanese – 87,000 articles
 French – 66,000 articles
 Swedish –53,000 articles
 Over 1.2 million across 200 languages 19 with >10,000. 52 with
>1000

How Popular Is Wikipedia ?

 An adjective referring to any people or population

 Social status, the quality of being well-liked or well-known
 Popularity, the quality of being well-liked.

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  The mainstream, the quality of being common, well-received, in
demand
 Popular culture, popular fiction, popular music

 Populace, the total population of a certain place

 Populism, a political philosophy seeking to use the
instruments of the state to benefit the people as a whole
 Populous, a 1989 computer game, the seminal god game;
see also Populous (series)
 Popular (TV series), a teenage dramedy on The WB
 Popular Holdings, a Singapore-based educational book company
 Popular, Inc., a Puerto Rican-based financial services company,
also known as Banco Popular inc
 The Popular Magazine a former literary magazine
 The Popular (Department Store) was a former department store in El Paso,
Texas

 Swot analysis

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 Strength

 Provides computer services at feasible rate especially home

services

 Provides Online selling of computer accessories

 Weakness
 Economically not as sound as google

 Does not possess global market

 Great loss due to dispute

 Opportunity

 Chances of getting the judgment in favour

 Global market

 Threat

 Chances of judgment against it.

 Trademark dilution

 Competitive market

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 Edits across namespaces
 Articles 85%
 Talk pages 8%
 User Page 3%
 User Talk Pages 4%
These percentages are stable in 2003 And 2004

Broad Types
 Social types - Socialites, Trolls
 Article types - Worker Bees, POV pushers
 Policy types - Police, Judges
 Controversy lovers - Moths
 Pseudo-users - Sock puppets, Vandals
 Extra-Wiki - Mailing list, IRC, Board activities, Developers

Implications

 Emergent Model
 Need reputation mechanisms like Ebay, Slashdot
 Users are tiny, have no power

 Community Model
 Reputation is a natural outgrowth of human interactions
 Users are powerful, must be respected

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 Two Views of Wikipedia
 Emergent Phenomenon, pseudoDarwinian
 Community of thoughtful users,Emergent Phenomenon

Emergent Phenomenon
 Thousands of individual users who don’t know each other each contribute
a little bit
 Out of this emerges a coherent body of work

Edits by Anons - %

 Controversial, intruiging
 Yes, you can edit this page

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 Without logging in!
 Anonymous ip numbers can edit Wikipedia, and do
 But these edits make up a total of around 18% of all edits, with some
evidence of a downward trend over time
 Anecdotally, many regular users report sometimes editing anonymously
by accident or as a quiet form of Sock Puppeting

Conclusion
 Wikipedia is a community.
 Automated and artificial Slashdot-style reputation metrics are not needed
and may not be desirable.
 Achieving quality levels equalling or exceeding traditional publishing
models can be expected without “emergent” magic.

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