Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
1. What is Technology?
Technology is the coordinated application of knowledge (Science) and skills (Technique) to solve
problems (technological object or system) which allow humans to satisfy their needs.
Technology makes objects and systems which resolve our problems and necessities. This process
can be very simple or very complicated.
Ingredients of Technology:
NECESSITY DEVELOPMENT
IDEA OF THE IDEA CONSTRUCTION CHECKING
a. Necessity: we analyse the necessity by studying similar cases and solutions. Search for
information.
b. Idea: proposals and solutions. Choice of the best solution.
c. Development of the idea: making plans and taking measures. Tools and materials. Budget.
d. Construction: Making the object or system. Tests.
e. Checking: evaluate and write the final project report.
- Machines zone.
- Working tables.
- Studying zone.
- Store.
Working in groups
Organization of the group
Helper
Documents
leader
Tools leader Materials
leader
Hygiene at work:
Security rules:
3
EXERCISES. UNIT 1. TECHNOLOGY. TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS.
What is Technology?
Technology _____ _______ and systems which _______ our ________ and necessities. This
Ingredients of Technology:
- Technical _________.
- Economic __________.
4
3. Write the correct word from the exercise before in these definitions:
Budget.
a. _____________________
b. _____________________
c. _____________________
d. _____________________
5
UNIT 2. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. THE COMPUTER.
2º. The computer takes the data, organizes and transforms it. This process is called
data processing.
Information Technology System collects and processes data and transmits the
information.
2. Binary Code
For an Information Technology System to process data, the latter must be translated
into a code which the computer can understand. This process is called codification.
The name of the main device of a computer is the processor. The processor registers 0
when a switch is ON and a 1 when a switch is OFF.
6
What is a byte?
- Multiples of a byte:
- Examples:
25 2
1 12 2
0 6 2
0 3 2
1 1 1 1 0 0 1
7
3. Components of the computer
Examples of programmes:
- Word processor
- Calculation sheets
- Data bases
8
4. Interconnection between computers
Types of network:
It is a computer network covering a small physical area, like a home, office, or small group of
buildings, such as a school, or an airport.
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EXERCISES. UNIT 2. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. THE COMPUTER.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
a) 11010011
b) 10000111
c) 1111101
10
5. Work out the binary value of the following numbers:
a) 1024
b) 365
c) 2788
6. Write definitions for the following words and give three examples of each one:
Hardware: _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Software: ________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
11
7. Join each element with its definition:
Keyboard
It is the visual display unit
It is used to obtain
Mouse
copies on paper
8. Write two examples of a LAN (Local Area Network) and two examples of a WAN (Wide
Area Network).
12
UNIT 3. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. INTERNET.
1. Network
Interlocutors
Message
Channel = Telephone
13
Network is a collection of computers and devices connected by communication
channels that facilitates communication among users and allows users to share
resources with other users.
Some networks have a powerful computer called an Internet service provider (server)
that stores the information for the other work stations.
Components of a network.
Programmes
Server
Network card Modem/router
work stations
14
Interconnection between networks.
We can connect many networks through the telephone line. They must use the same code
to work.
The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard
Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide (private and public:
academic, business, governments…)
When we connect to the Internet, we connect our computer a server through which we can
connect with other computers.
Navigator
A navigator is a programme which locates and opens the web pages we want to access.
Navigator programmes: Internet Explorer, Mozzila…
15
Search engine:
A web search engine is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web.
The search results are usually presented in a list of results and are commonly called
hits. The information may consist of web pages, images, information and other types
of files.
Website:
A website is a collection of related web pages, images, videos or other digital assets
that are addressed relative to a common Uniform Resource Locator (URL). It is
usually named as a web page.
4. E-mail
16
EXERCISES. UNIT 3. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. INTERNET.
3. Write the missing words related to the components of a network from the box into the
blanks:
17
- A ___________ and _____________________.
others.
4. Rewrite the words from the box to make a sentence about an interconnected network:
18
7. Join each name with the correct definition:
Search engine: a programme which locates and opens the web pages
we want to access
19
UNIT 4. MATERIALS.
RAW MATERIALS
Raw materials are substances which are extracted directly from nature.
20
MATERIALS. Materials are substances made from raw materials and they are used for
making objects.
Raw materials are transformed into materials by means of physical and chemical processes.
We make objects with materials.
21
TECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTS
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2. Properties of the materials.
The properties of a material are a group of characteristics that all materials have.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES.
23
- Optic properties: behaviour of the materials with light.
a. Acoustic conductors
b. Acoustic insulators.
Magnets
24
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES.
ECOLOGICAL PROPERTIES.
25
EXERCISES. UNIT 4. RAW MATERIALS AND MATERIALS.
____________________________
______________________________
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
__________________________________
___________________________________
26
___________________________________
_____________________________________
____________________________________
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Materials for
technical uses
27
3. Write the following sentences in the correct order:
1 2 3
28
5. Now, write the property that is related to the following words:
Fusibility
Soldability
Dilatation
Transparent
Opaque
Acoustical insulator
Magnetism
Oxidation
Recycled
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Toxic
Renewable
7.Draw a light bulb like this, when the material is a good electrical
conductor:
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
30
UNIT 5. WOOD AND ITS DERIVATIVES.
1. Wood.
Components of wood:
PARTS OF A TRUNK:
Pith
Duramen or
heart
Whiteness or
log
Cambium
Bark
31
Properties of wood.
Higroscopicity: wood can absorb or give water off because it is porous. Wood can become
deformed.
32
- Steps for obtaining materials:
33
2. Classification of wood.
- Hard wood:
The most used are: beech, oak, cherry tree and mahogany.
- Soft wood:
The most used are: pine, silver fir, spruce and white poplar.
3. Wood derivatives.
The main wood derivatives are prefabricated wood and cellulosic materials.
Prefabricated wood.
Characteristics:
34
Chipboard: made with glued and pressed shavings of wood.
Cellulosic materials.
These are the materials made with cellulose from wood. Paper is the most important
material.
2. Bark is removed.
The wood is grinded up.
Cellulose pasted is obtained.
Lignine is eliminated.
35
We can obtain other products like:
For making a wooden object we have to plan some operations and use instruments, tools
and machines.
36
Instruments and tools to measure, draw and mark.
Protactor
Compass Punch
Electrical saw
37
Instruments, tools and machines to perforate.
Drill Gimlet
Hammer Nails
Pliers Screwdriver
Screws Spanner
38
EXERCISES. UNIT 5. WOOD AND ITS DERIVITIVES.
2.
Material cellulose substance joins trees cellulose rigidity
vegetable trunk skeleton lignine hardness
______________ of ________________.
fibres of _________________.
Cambium
Whiteness or log
Duramen or heart
Bark
Pith
39
4. Write TRUE or FALSE in each sentence:
Cutting up Tala
Prunning Transporte
Transporting Secado
Brushing Poda
40
5. Put these properties of hard and soft wood into the correct table:
c) is made with woodchips and obtaining fibres or threads joined with synthetic resin.
_______________
41
7. You have to join each board with the material that they are made of:
Plywood board
Chipboard
Fibre board
Tablex
8. LOOK AT THESE PICTURES. Write the correct name under each picture: fibres,
sheets and shavings.
42
PROCESS OF PAPER MANUFRACTURING
9. These operations are out of order. Write them in the correct order in the spaces in
blank.
PRESSING GRINDING
SMOOTHED
TREE WITH UP THE REMOVING
WITH
FELLING ROLLERS WOOD THE BARK
ROLLERS
ELIMINATION
OBTAINING
OF THE
CELLULOSE
LIGNINE
PASTE
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10 11
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- Paper is made of cellulose.
Higroscopicity: ____________
Tenacity: ____________
Hendibility: ___________
Hardness: ___________
Malleability: _____________
Soldability: ____________
1. __________________
2. __________________
3. __________________
4. __________________
5. __________________
6. __________________
7. ___________________
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13. Write the name of these trees in English:
PINO _______________
HAYA _______________
ROBLE _______________
CEREZO _______________
CAOBA _______________
TOOLS TO HOLD
45
UNIT 6. METALLIC MATERIALS.
1. Metals.
Properties of metals:
Metals have good mechanical properties: behaviour of materials when a force acts on
them.
46
Obtaining metals.
Definitions:
Metallurgy: industries that extract and transform metallic minerals into metals.
Iron and Steel Industry: the industry that extracts and transforms iron mineral into
iron, steel and cast iron.
Types of metals.
FERROUS
METALS
CAST
WROUGHT
IRON
IRON
STEEL
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Non ferrous metals: metals which don´t contain iron.
NON TITANIUM
COPPER FERROUS
METALS
MAGNESIUM
BRONZE
BRASS ALUMINIUM
ZINC
TIN
LEAD
2. Ferrous metals.
Ferrous metals are the most used metals in the world. The main ferrous metals are:
Alloys:
- Steel (with 0,03%< carbon < 1,76%)
Wrought iron
* Properties:
White-grey colour
Good magnetic properties
Has a lot of oxidation
It melts at 1536 degrees
It is fragile and easy to break
* Applications:
48
Steel : (with 0,03%< carbon < 1,76%)
* Properties:
Silver coloured
It has a lot of hardness
It has a lot of tenacity
It has great mechanical resistance
* Applications:
STEEL
Motor pieces and motors
Tools
Cutlery
Casseroles, pots and boilers
Beams and building structures
Ships
Some furniture
Cast iron:
* Properties:
Dark colour
It has a lot of hardness; more than steel.
It is resistant to waste
* Applications:
Elements of machines
Machine covers
Gears
Beacons (Street lamps)
Drain covers
49
STEEL MAKING PROCESS
A) BLAST FURNACE
B) CONVERTER
1. We put molten iron, limestone and iron scoria into the converter.
2. We inject oxygen to cause combustion.
3. We separate the scoria from liquid steel.
4. We have to cool the steel and put it into the mould, to make objects.
The process to obtain them is more expensive than ferrous metals. It uses up a lot of
energy. They have a lot of applications. They are classified in:
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HEAVY METALS LIGHT METALS ULTRALIGHT METALS
BRASS Copper-zinc alloy. Golden colour. Rust Crafts. Cutlery. Pipes. Turbine.
resistant.
BRONZE Copper-tin alloy. Ductility. Good wear Ship propeller. Bells. Gears. Statues. Nuts.
resistant. Rust resistant. Screws. Bearings
Grey-silver coloured. Soft. Heavy. Car batteries. Some petrol. Glass and optic
LEAD Great plasticity. Malleability. Good industry. Nuclear radiation protector.
thermal conductor. Very toxic.
Bright white colour. Very soft.
TIN Malleability. Has no oxidation at Tin plate. With lead for soft soldering
room temperature.
Grey-blue coloured. Bright. Fragile Roof of buildings. Pipes and gutters.
ZINC when cold. Not very hard. Protective covering against corrosion.
White-silvered colour. Great High voltage wires. Planes, cars and bikes.
ALUMINIUM resistance to rust. Very soft. Light. Doors and windows. Kitchen tools and
Malleable and ductile. Electrical drinking tins.
conductor.
White-silver colour. Bright. Light.
TITANIUM Very hard and resistant. Architectonic structures. Space industry.
Medical prosthesis.
51
EXERCISES. UNIT6. METALS.
__________________________ __________________________
__________________________ __________________________
2. Write the name of ONE object that has a relationship with the properties below:
3. Explain the differences between open mines and underground mines. SPANISH or ENGLISH
52
4. Write the definitions of:
METALLURGY.
SPANISH: ___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
ENGLISH: ___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
SPANISH: __________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
ENGLISH: ___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. Write the name of the three ferrous metals and the percentage of carbon they have: ENGLISH
a) Percentage:
b)
Percentage:
c)
Percentage:
WROUGHT IRON
PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS
53
STEEL
PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS
CAST IRON
PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS
- Building: ___________
- Recycled: ____________________
- Ore: _________________
- Bargain: ______________________
- Steel: _______________________
54
- Cast iron: _____________________
- Rust: ____________________
- Fragile: ____________________
- Carbon: ___________________
- Coal: ____________________
- Alloy: __________________
- Hardness: ____________________
- Boiler: ____________________
- Tool: __________________
- Cutlery: ______________________
- Vigas: _________________
- Mobiliario: ___________________
- Farola: ___________________
- Engranaje: ______________________
- Barco: ___________________
- Cacerola: __________________________
- Escoria: _____________________
- Convertidor: ______________________
- Enfriar: _____________________
- Molde: ___________________
- Inyectar: ______________________
- Oxígeno: __________________________
55
9. Complete these sentences with the correct words:
1) _________________________________________________________________________
a. _________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________________
d. _________________________________________________________________________
56
2) A. _______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
B ___________________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________________________
d._________________________________________________________________________
COBRE:
LATÓN:
BRONCE:
ALPACA:
CUPRONÍQUEL:
PLOMO:
ESTAÑO:
CINC:
ALUMINIO:
TITANIO:
MAGNESIO:
12. Explain the difference between ferrous metals and non ferrous metals. ENGLISH
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
ENGLISH:_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
SPANISH:_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
57
15. Write the name under these Pictures: ENGLISH
It is inoxidizable: ______________________
58
17. Write BLAST FURNACE or CONVERTER in these processes:
18. Translate the meaning of these properties and write an example of an object that has the correct
property.
59
18. Write the name of the NON FERROUS metal these sentences are talking about:
60
10. Complete the names in blank in the following pictures: (0,5 points)
COKE IRON MINERAL
BLAST
FURNACE
CONVERTER
ELECTRODE
61
UNIT 7. GRAPHICAL EXPRESSION AND COMUNICATION.
1. DRAWING MATERIALS.
A pencil: it´s the basic tool for drawing. Pencils contain a lead made of graphite and clay.
= +
- Types of pencils:
62
Paper: there are a lot of types and sizes of paper.
2. DRAWING TOOLS.
Measurement tools:
Trace tools:
- Set squares: consist of two tools with a triangle shape. We draw parallel and perpendicular
lines with them.
63
- Compass: we use it to draw circumferences.
Outline: it´s the first drawing which shows the general idea. We don´t use rulers nor
measurements.
Sketch: it´s the graphical definitive representation of the idea. It has all the neccessary
information like measurements, materials, etc.
How to do a sketch
After making the outline drawing, we have to make the definitive sketch. This must include:
64
A plan contains the same information as a sketch, but we do it more precisely using a
computer.
4. SCALES
The plans are drawn at specific ratio relative to the actual size of the place or object. We
can increase or reduce the real size in the plan.
Drawing size
: Real size
A scale like this 2:1 means: the drawing is twice the real size.
Drawing size
Real size
A scale like this 1:2 means: the drawing is half the real size.
65
This plan is made on a scale of 1:100. It means that 1 cm in the plan is 100 cm in real life.
5. PERSPECTIVE DRAWING
The views of an object are infinite, but in technical drawing we only need three views to get
a complete image of it. The main views are the following:
Front view: the object is seen from the front. This is the most characteristical view.
Left or right side: we can see one of the sides of the object.
Bird´s eye view: we can see the object from from above.
OBJECT
BIRD´S EYE VIEW
66
Rules to draw the front view, side view and
bird´s eye view:
Examples of perspective:
67
EXERCICES. UNIT 7. GRAPHICAL EXPRESSION AND COMUNICATION.
68
_________________ _________________ ________________
a. We can write with a pen or a pencil, but for drawing, we have to use ………………….. or a
…………………..
c. There are ………..........- …………………… pencils and hard-leaded pencils. The first ones have the
d. For drawing a line, we can use a ………………….., but for parallel and perpendicular lines, we
69
3. Draw the following lines:
70
4. Draw the way you put the set square to do: (look at page 132 of the book)
a. Parallel lines
b. Perpendicular lines
5. Draw front view, left side and bird´s eye view of each figure in the correct place.
71
72
6. Draw this figure on a scale of one to two (1:2)
73
UNIT 8. STRUCTURES AND MECHANISMS
A force is something which deforms or moves an object (static effect). A force can
also change its own state of movement or rest (dynamic effect).
A structure is a group of elements of an object which resist the forces acting on it.
Natural structures:
Artificial structures:
74
2. LOADS (WEIGHTS) AND EFFORTS
Effort
Load
Types of weights:
- Permanent or fixed: they don´t change with time. They are always the same.
- Variable weights: they change with time. They aren´t always the same.
Load
An effort is made by the
object to resist the load
Effort
75
2.1. Main types of efforts
Traction Compression
Bending Torsion
Cutting
76
3. CONDITIONS OF A STRUCTURE
Massive structures: are built with big blocks of stone or another similar
material.
Flat structures: they have also big block and some horizontal beams.
77
Arched structures: they have arches.
Foliated arch
78
Hanging structures: they have braces.
Tower
Braces
Road
5. MECHANISMS I
Mechanisms allow the movement of objects. They transmit and transform forces,
loads and movement from a motor element to a receptor element.
MOTOR RECEPTOR
ELEMENT MECANISM ELEMENT
PULLEY
Grooved wheel with a string. It turns around an axis.
Fixed pulley
F = R
Mobile pulley
F = R/n
n= number of pulleys
79
Multiple pulley system
LEVER
LEVER LAW
F · d = R · r
F = Effort
R = Load
d = Distance between F and fulcrum
r = Distance between R and fulcrum
r F
R
Fulcrum
Types of levers
Fulcrum is between effort and load Load is between effort and fulcrum
80
Examples of first class lever
WHEELS OR PULLEYS
81
FRICTION WHEELS AND PULLEYS WITH STRAP
Relation of transmission
i = N2/N1 N1·D1 = N2·D2
N in r.p.m D in cm
GEARS
Relation of transmission Z1 N2
i = =
Z2 N1
HANDLE-LATHE
F·d = R·r
PINION-RACK
PAWL SPRING
82
EXERCISES. UNIT 8. STRUCTURES AND MECHANISMS
a) What is an effort?
a) What is a force?
a) TRACTION
b) COMPRESSION
c) BENDING OR FLEXION
d) TORSION
e) CUTTING
83
3. Show the types of effort in this swing:
SWING
4. Write what the centre of gravity is. In Spanish or English. Look for it on page 158.
5. Write the three conditions for a good structure, in English. Then, explain them in
Spanish.
_________________:
_________________:
_________________:
84
7. Join the definition with the correct type of structure:
Massive structure:
Flat structure:
Framework:
Triangled structure:
Hanging structure:
85
10. Draw the arches of an arched structure:
12. Put these words in the correct order about the definition of structure:
13. Write three examples of natural structures and three of artificial structures:
Natural structures:
Artificial structures:
14. Explain what a permanent force is and write two examples, in Spanish:
86
15. Explain what a variable force is and write two examples, in Spanish:
16. What is the difference between a force and an effort. Explain in Englis or in Spanish.
Kicking a ball:
A hanging bridge:
Using a key:
Your shoes:
a) Wind:
b) Gravity:
c) Water:
d) An animal:
87
19. Write an example of something static:
21. Write the name of five natural structures and five artificial structures: (ENGLISH)
Natural:
Artificial:
22. Write PERMANENT or VARIABLE next to the weights and explain why:
d) The backpack:
88
e) Lake water:
f) A building:
g) Wind:
h) Rain:
i) Box on a table:
j) A shelf:
89
PROBLEMS
a) R = 100 Kg
n=4
b) R = 150 Kg
n=5
a) F
R=100 Kg
80 cm
20 cm
R=60 Kg
b) 10cm
30 cm
F
90
25. Calculate the data that we don´t know in each exercise:
D1 = 30 mm
D2 = 60 mm
2
N1 = 100 rpm
1 N2 = ?
D1 = ?
D2 = 100 mm
2 N1 = 200 rpm
N2 = 50 rpm
1
Z1 = 80 dientes
Z2 = 40 dientes
N1 = 150 rpm
N2 = ?
91
UNIT 9. ELECTRICITY.
1. ELECTRICAL CHARGE
Nucleus:
+
protons, with positive charge
neutrons, with no charge (neutral charge)
- Types of electricity:
- Examples:
- Lightning.
92
2. Electric current: is the flow of electrons through a conductor.
Metals water
For electricity to occur, we need a lot of electrons in one place and no electrons in another. If
we connect these two points, electrons flow and the charge balances.
- -
- - -
-
- - - -
- - - -
- - -
-
-
93
2. ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
- Generator
- Receptor
Generator Receptor
- Wires
- Switch
Wire
GENERATORS
- +
Symbol Switch
They are:
1. BATTERY
2. ALTERNATOR OR DYNAMO
3. SOLAR CELLS
4. HYDROGEN CELLS
Hydrogen cells transform the hydrogen in the air and water into electric current.
94
WIRES
RECEPTORS
Electrical circuit:
Generator
Switch ON
Fuse
Switch
Generator
Switch OFF
Fuse
Switch 95
Types of electric circuits:
Series circuit
Parallel circuit
The loads are not in sequence. There are a lot of paths for current.
3. ELECTRICAL MAGNITUDES.
96
Electrical magnitudes table:
Examples of circuits:
97
4. ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS
98
5. OHM´S LAW
V = I · R
We can calculate:
Examples:
I = V / R = 60 / 30 = 2 A
R = V/I = 100 / 5 = 20 Ω
V = 100 V
I=5A
R = 100 Ω Calculate V.
I = 1,5 A
99
6. EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL CURRENT.
HEAT
When electrical current flows, part of this energy becomes heat. This effect is called
Joule effect.The elements used to produce heat are called resistors. They are used in
devices like toasters, hair dryers, electrical heaters, etc.
LIGHT
MOVEMENT
100
7. OBTAINING AND TRANSPORTING ELECTRICITY.
Fossil fuels: they come from minerals made since million years ago.
Alternative energy sources: we have been using them to make electricity for a short
time.
Sun Wind
101
We produce electricity in POWER STATIONS.
They use fossil fuels like petroleum, coal and natural gas.
Thermal power stations transform chemical energy from fossil fuels into electricity.
Nuclear power stations transform energy from the nucleus of an atom into electricity.
102
3. Hydroelectric power stations.
103
2. Wind power stations.
The places where electricity is produced are usually far away from the places where it is
used. This can be for security reasons (nuclear power stations), space necessities (solar power
stations) or geographical reasons (hydraulic, eolic power stations, etc).
It is not possible to store electricity. So, we must transport it from power stations to
cities and towns.
104
To transport electricity, we must do it in three steps:
105
EXERCISES. UNIT 9. ELECTRICITY
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
* A conductor is a _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
106
4. Put these words in the correct order to make a sentence:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
electrical energy.
current.
electric current.
6. Receptors transform electrical energy into another type of energy. Complete these
sentences:
________________________________________________________________________
107
7. Draw circuits with the following characteristics:
108
8. Write the definitions of these electrical magnitudes:
_____________________________________________________________________
b) Intensity: __________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
c) Voltage: ___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
a) Coulombs, C: ________________________
b) Amperes, A: ______________________
c) Ohms, Ω: ____________________
d) Volts, V: ____________________
109
11. Write the name of the element that has the following function:
b) Calculate the resistance of a circuit that has a battery of 100 V and through which flows
an intensity of 2 A.
110
c) Calculate V in this circuit:
R = 250 Ω
V=?
I = 0,5 A
13. Obtaining and transporting electricity. Complete the blanks with the words in the box:
111
14. Write what energy source these power stations use:
15. Write the name of these power stations under the photographs:
____________________________________
__________________________
112
_________________________________ _______________________________
____________________________________ ________________________________
- Wind power stations transform the energy from the ___________ into electricity.
113
EXERCISES 2. UNIT 9. ELECTRICITY.
a) Battery: ___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
b) Dynamo: ___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
d) Hydrogen cells:_______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
______________.
114
4. Write under these circuits SERIES CIRCUIT or PARALLEL CIRCUIT.
EXAMPLE
115
6. Complete this table:
Voltage V
Ampere, A
Intensity
Resistance R
Battery
Bulb
Motor
116
Resistor
Switch
Push button
Two-way switch
Bell
Fuse
Ammeter
Voltmeter
117
Measures intensity: ____________________
R=?
V = 100 V
I=5A
R = 100 Ω
V=?
I = 1,5 A
R = 100 Ω
V = 220 V
I=?
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10. Write if these materials are conductors or insulators:
- Plastic: ___________________
- Copper: ___________________
- Wood: ___________________
- Ceramic: __________________
- Iron: __________________
- Water: __________________
- Aluminium: _________________
- Glass: _________________
- Stone: __________________
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