Zomi Mimal Min Malgawmzia Tawh Kisai Dawn'na (3) Zokam Tonology and Orthography:

Taang Zomi

Zomi Mimal Min Malgawm Zia Tawh Kisai Dawnna (3)

Gelhtu: Taang Zomi
Kong it Sia Tg. Kaptawng, 1. Zomi Mimal Min Malgawm Zia tawh kisai-in, kuppih kikna (feedback) nong piak manin, lungdam ing. 2. Hong thupi dawn nuam sialua, tun hong dawng zo pan ing. 3. Na lai gelh nasia mahmah ei. A hih hang taangpi in hong zatpih zawhna ding bel haksa mahmah mawk in teh ci ingh. na cih tawh kisai-in, 3.1 Ka laigelh, thupi na sak manin, lungdam ing. 3.2 Taangpi in hong zatpih zawh nading haksa mahmah mawk-in teh, na cih pen, phonetic symbol (awneenbul limm) zatna tawh kisai a gen, hi kha dingin, hong ummawh ing. Sia Kheenh (Rev. Tg. Kheenh Za Sian) tawh Florida-ah ka kithuah sung-in, amahn zong, tua mah hong ci hi. Ama tung-a ka dawnna peen mah, nang kiang-a kongdawnna hi ding hi: Lai i gelh ciangin, phonetic symbol kizangh lo zaw hi. Kein phonetic symbol ka zat pen, i Zolai hoih tak-a a sin, a telkan nuamte aading bek hi-a, a zangh a tam zaw te aading, hi lo hi. A zangh a tam zawte in malgawm (spelling) bek en ding uh-a, phonetics (awneenbul thu) en lo ding uh hi. Mangkangte a tam zaw in zong, phonetics thei lo uh hi. Manglai hoih tak-a a sin, a telkan nuamte in bel, phonetics, phonology cihte a theih loh uh phamawh hi. Kawllai, Senlai, Japan lai, German lai, cihte zong, tua bangmah, ahi hi. 4. A tung-a (#3.2)tawh kisai, genbehna: Don /dn/ Khen /xn/ Niang /ni/ sung-ah, /dn xn ni/ pen, mi kim in a theih din kisam lo hi. Hih ka laigelh tungtawnin, mi kim theih ding pen, <Don Khen Niangg> maw, <Donh Khenh Niangg> maw, cih malgawm, ahi hi. 5. Taang Zomi ka zat pen: Monday, May 16, 2011 Page 1 of 9

Taang Zomi

Zomi Mimal Min Malgawmzia Tawh Kisai Dawn'na (3)

5.1 Ka min a seel, a iim hi lo-in, laigelh min (pen name)-a a zangh, ka hi hi. Gentehna: Lewis Carroll [a min taktak: Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (27 January 1832 14 January 1898)], Mark Twain [Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 April 21, 1910], Thakin Kodaw Hmaing [U Lun (23 March 1876 23 July 1964)], George Orwell [Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 21 January 1950)], Theippan Maung Wa [U Sein Tin (1899 1942)], Zaw Gyi [U Thein Han (12 April 1907 - 26 September 1990)], Min Thu Wun [U Wun (10 February 1909 15 August 2004)], Maung Khin Min (Danubyu) [U Khin Aye (2 January 1942 )], Taang Zomi [Tg. Pau Cin Thang (7 July 1949 )]. 5.2 Taang ka zatna pen, 5.2.1 Zomi khat ka hihna, ka lahna hi. Kawlte in U zangh, Kala-te in Shri, zangh, French-te in Monsieur zangh, Kayin-te in Saw zangh, Shan-te in Sai zangh, Mon-te in Mehm zangh, Mangkang-te in Mister zangh. 5.2.2 I ngeina, i late, i tangthute, kimangngilh ta-in, Taang pen, tangval a cihna kisa kha hi. Kei zong, a sa kha ngei, ka hi hi. Zi nei leeng, i zi neih ni-a Taang a hi nawn lo, kisa kha hi. Taang pen pasal cihna hi-a, naungeek, naupang, tangval, papi, puteek, a vekpi-in huam hi. (Lia zong, tua bangmah ahi hi.) I Zomi lakam-te, a hi bang-a ciapteh ding, kepcing ding ka utna, le Zomi hihna ka kepcing nop man-in, Taang a zangh suaksuak, ka hi hi. 5.2.3 Zomi ka zatna pen, ka neu lai-un, Zomi kicih ding kizum thei hi. Neeu kisa, niam kisa hi ung. I minam min pen zum ding hi lo, aangtan ding hi zaw, cih deihna-in, Zomi a zangh, ka hi hi. 6. Kikum toto ni. Lai thupi a nei, i cihte pen a neih uh lai pen eek nusiat lo-in a puah toto-te ahi uh hi.

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Monday, May 16, 2011

Zomi Mimal Min Malgawmzia Tawh Kisai Dawn'na (3) == ---------- Forwarded message ---------From: TUN KAP <minuamsa@gmail.com> Date: Wed, May 4, 2011 at 10:31 PM Subject: Re: (tonzang) Pi Lia Don Khen Niangg le Zolai Vai To: tonzang@googlegroups.com

Taang Zomi

Taang zomi, Na lai gelh nasia mahmah ei. A hih hang taangpi in hong zatpih zawhna ding bel haksa mahmah mawk in teh ci ingh. Na damdam hiam oo, hongphawk mahmah ingh ei. Na min ki langh sak nuam lo na hih man in na min tawh hong hopih dah ning ei. Ki thu za zel ni ee. Nang lai gelh te mah sim taak, thupi ei. Kaptawng On Wed, May 4, 2011 at 10:04 AM, Taang Zolai <zolaitaktak@gmail.com> wrote: ==

Phonetic symbol-te ahi bang-in mu thei lo kha ding na hih man-un, attachment-a PDF na en zaw un. Attachment: Pi Lia Don Khen Niangg.pdf (68K) ==

==

Monday, May 16, 2011

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Taang Zomi

Zomi Mimal Min Malgawmzia Tawh Kisai Dawn'na (3)

Zokam Tonology and Orthography:

Lia Don Khen Niangg Hong Nusiat Dahpihna le Thumeizom Zolai Vai
Gelhtu: Taang Zomi
Zomi National Congress (ZNC) President Pu Tg. Chin Sian Thang zi Pi Lia Don Khen Niangg in hong nusiatna hang-a a dah a kap ahi a omlai a innkuanpihte i dahpih ciat-a, Topa in hehnepna na pia ding hi, ci-in i um hi. Ama hong nusiat thu hong kisuahsaknate pawlkhat-ah, Pi Don Khen Niang ci-in hong kigelha, pawlkhat-ah Pi Don Khen Niangh ci-in hong kigelh hi. Amah pen, pumpi mahmah-a a mu ngei, a thei ngei lote in a min a kician-in thei lo ding ci-in ngaihsun ka hih manin, a min a maan a kitheih ding deihsakna ka nei hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh, ZNC thu a kisuut sim-in, Pu Tg. Chin Sian Thang min genkhiat loh phamawh ding-a, a zi min zong genkhiat hong kul thei ding hi. Tangthu a maan-a a kitheih nadingin, min vai, kong gen nuam hi. Tedim khuapi Lawbual Veeng-ah ka om lai-un, pa Kam, nu Cing (Pu Tg. Kham Za Kam, Pi Lia Sawmh Cing)-te tawh kiveeng khat bek lo-in, inn kizom-a a teeng ka hi uh hi. Ka neu lai-un, a tanu nihna pen u Khen Niangg /u xn n/ ka ci uh hi. Ama nau ahi u Khan Dim (Lia Vung Khan Dim) le ka u Ciinbuai (Lia Ning Khan Ciin) kikhangual uh-a sang kah khawm uh hi. U Khen Niangg a thei ngei lo, amah tawh a kiho ngei lote in. Don Khen Niang aihkeh Don Khen Niangh cih min a muh uh ciangin, /dn xen n/ aihkeh /dn xen n/ sa ding uh hi. Hih mun-ah Don bek maan-in a dangte maan lo hi. Lia Don Khen Niang aihkeh Lia Don Khen Niangh sung-a Don pen Pi Lia Don Khaw Cing (Pu Tg. La Cin Khup zi), Pi Lia Don Ngaih Dim (Sia Tg. Thawng Khen Pau zi), Sianu Lia Don Ngaih Lian (Rev. Dr. Tungg Za Pau zi) cih minte-a om Don /dn/ tawh a awsuah kibang hi. Tua pen, a aw tom-in nuaikiat hi. Lia Don Khen Niang aihkeh Lia Don Khen Niangh sung-a Khen pen, mi tampi tak in, Col. Tg. Khen Za Mung, Rev. Dr. Khen Za Sian, Sia Thang Khen Pau cih minte sung-a om Page 4 of 9 Monday, May 16, 2011

Zomi Mimal Min Malgawmzia Tawh Kisai Dawn'na (3)

Taang Zomi

Khen /xen/ tawh a awsuah a kibang sa ding uh hi. Tua pen, a aw sau-in nuaikiat hi. A maan taktak-in, Lia Don Khen Niang aihkeh Lia Don Khen Niangh sung-a Khen pen Tg. Langh Khen Thang (Lailui) sung-a Khen /xn/ tawh kibang-a, Maj. Khan Nen Pau (Saizang) sung-a Nen /nn/ tawh kivalaak hi. A aw tom-in nuaikiat hi. Khen /xen/ (aw sau, nuai kiat) le Khen /xn/ (aw tom, nuaikiat) a laimalgawm a tuam tuak-in nei thei leeng, a kitel khial lo ding, ahi hi. Khen /xen/ (aw sau, nuai kiat) pen Kheenh ci ding maw, Kheen ci ding? The Most Rev. Dr. Tg. Lian Kheenh Thang The Most Rev. Dr. Tg. Lian Kheen Thang Khen /xn/ (aw tom, nuaikiat) pen Khenh ci ding maw, Khen ci ding? Lia Don Khenh Niangg Lia Don Khen Niangg A maan, a hoih a theite in, na theihna uh nong hop ding uh, ka ut hi. Lia Don Khen Niang sung-a Niang pen Dr. Lia Go Lun Niang (Major Tg. Mang Za Mung zi), Lia Gloria Niangbawi (Lia Gloria Chiinlianniang; India lam-a lasa siam), Pi Lia Niang Za Dim (Pu Tg. Thang Za Kam zi) cih minte-a Niang /n/ tawh a kibang kisa kha thei ding hi. A aw sau-in pheipai hi. Don Khen Niangh sung-a Niangh pen Zomi minte-ah kinei ngei lo hi. A min nung-ah h kibehlap ahih manin /n/ hi leh kilawm hi. A aw sau-in nuaikiat hi. Min nung-ah h a kibehlapte pen, a aw nuaikiat lahna ahi hi. Gentehna: numei Vung /v/ (a aw tom, pheipai); pasal Vungh /v/ (a aw tom, nuaikiat); numei Cing /ts/ (aw tom, pheipai); numei Cingh (Sihzang) /ts/ (a aw tom, nuaikiat). A maan taktak-in, Lia Don Khen Niangg cih ding hi-a, tua Niangg pen Sianu Lia Niangg Khan Ciin (Rev. Dr. Kam Khaw Thang zi), Pi Lia Cing Go Niangg (Pu Tg. Tual Khaw Mang zi), Pi Lia Niangg Za Dim (Pu Tg. P. Khup Za Cin zi) cih minte-a Niangg /n/ tawh a kibang ahi hi. Aw sau-in, tungkah kuuikik hi. Zolai (Written Zokam) a hoih seemseem nang ngaihsun khawm ngeeingaai ni.

Aw nuaikiat ciaptehna-a h a kizat pen a pan masa kua hiam, bang kum-a a pat hiam, cih ka thei kei hi. 1966 kum lai pawl-in kizangh khin zo hi, cih bang khat-in ciamteh miilmial ing. Aw tungkah kuuikik ciaptehna-a laimung (consonant) nih kizomsak (Suann, Niangg, Kimm, Tungg, etc.) pen Tg. Ginkhatsuan in Cope Topa hong bawlsak inn tawh a kivalaak dingin, 1973-1980 sungin hong pankhia hi.

Monday, May 16, 2011

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Taang Zomi

Zomi Mimal Min Malgawmzia Tawh Kisai Dawn'na (3)

NUNGTHUAP (Appendix)
Hih a tung-a ka laigelh, a kitel zawk deuh nang-in, gencianna tomno khat bawl pak ni.

1. Tones (Awkaih; Awsuah Saang-Niam)

Tone (1) []: Tungkah
Kuuikik. e.g., sa /s/ (meat); ne /ne/ (eat); si /si/ (blood); sia /s/ (damaged); zo /z/ (win); lo /l/ (cultivation plot); tui /tui/ (water).

Tone (2) []: Kahto. e.g., Na pai na? /n/; vaphual /v pual/; A khe /xe/ kitan hi; Pai
ciat ni /ni/; Na ut uh hiam? /hm/; Uiluut / lut/ a veii hi /hi/; Aksi /k si/ (star).

Tone (3) []: Pheipai. e.g., na /n/ (painful); ni /ni/ (sun); lo /l/ (grass; weed); zo /z/ (gualnuam khawm); u /u:/ le nau /nu/; aktui /k tui/ (e)
Nuaikiat. e.g., hehneem (console) /h nem/; iim /im/ (keep something secret)/; lo /l/ (not); um /m/ (believe).

Tone (4) []:

2. Vowel Length (Awmung Sauna)

<x>
grapheme; orthographic character; spelling (laimalgawm; laimal). Hih pen, aw (sound) hi lo hi. /x/ phoneme (awbul). Hih pen aw (sound) hi-a, laimal hi lo hi. Length Mark [Definitely long (kician tak-a sau)] Definitely Long (Sau peelmawh): //, /e/, /i/, // u/ Lon (Sau): //, /e/, /i/, //, u/, Definitely Short (Tom): //, //, //, //, // Creaky (Tawng): //, //, //, //, // Reduced (Laklawh): //, //, / /, //, //

A. Monophthongs (Khat Guak a Tangg-om Awmung)

(1) a (1) Long (Sau) <aa> // Mi tampi khualzin uh aa //, khuano khat-ah a taam /tm/ uh hi. (2) Short (Tom) <a>//: Mi tampi /tm pi/ khualzin uh aa, khuano khat /xt/ -ah a taam uh hi. Page 6 of 9 Monday, May 16, 2011

Zomi Mimal Min Malgawmzia Tawh Kisai Dawn'na (3)

Taang Zomi

(3) Creaky (Tawng) <ah> //: Dahpa /d p/ a heh mahmah /m m/ hi. (4) Reduced (Laklawh) <a> //: Dahpa a // heh mahmah hi. Topa ka /k/ muang hi. Pu Tg. Thawng Za /z/ Khup na thei hia? (2) e (1) Long (Sau) <ee> /e/: Muhdahna nei kei beek leeng /bek le/, hoih ding hi. (2) Short (Tom) <e> //: Kitotna mun-ah pai het /ht/ kei /ki/ in. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <eh> //: Dahpa a heh /h/ mahmah hi. (4) Reduced (Laklawh) <e> //: Heel khe /x/ zezeen aw ee! (Tonzang Pau). Hih bawngno le /l/ si ei (3) i (1) Long (Sau) <ii> /i:/: Miiksi /mik si/ thanuam mahmah hi /hi/. (2) Short (Tom) <i> //: Na mit /mt/ si lecin /le tsn/, khua na mu kei ding hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <ih> // Na meh tui nih /n/ sin. Hih /h/ thu phamawh lo hi. (4) Reduced (Laklawh) <i> / / Khitui /x tu:i/ luang zeen-a i / / Hausapa kiang-a i / / thuum hi ven, i / / nget a ngah hi /h / pah lo ding i / / hia? (4) o (1) Long (Sau) <aw> //: Gamlak-ah mi tawm /tm/ bek om hi. (2) Short (Tom) <aw/o> //: Gamlak-ah mi tawm bek om /m/ hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <awh> //: Na mawhna /m n/ kisiik in. (4) Reduced (Laklawh) <aw/o> //: Dr. Tg. Kam Khaw /x/ Thang na thei hia? Dr. Tg. Vum Kho /x/ Hau ee? (5) u (1) Long (Sau) <uu> /u/: Singkung phuuk /puk/ kei in. (2) Short (Tom) <u> //: / Uiphuk / pk/ khat ka mu hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <uh> //: Amaute in hotkhiatna a ngah uh // hi. (4) Reduced (Laklawh) <u> //: Utong / t/ le ukeeng / ke/ na mu ngei hia?

B. Diphthongs (A Kihual Khawm Awmung Nih)

(01) ai (1) Long (Sau) <aai> /i/: Bawng in leeng kaai /ki/ hi. (2) Short (Tom) <ai>: //: Koi-ah pai /p/ ding na hia? (3) Creaky (Tawng) <aih> //: Gup tuam paih /p/ tuam nei ke in. (02) au (1) Long (Sau) <aau> /u/: Hun sau /su/ nawn lo hi. (2) Short (Tom) <au>: //: Na tha neih zah-in awngh au-au / / kei in. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <auh> //: Hauh /h/ ding a ut lo, om lo hi, kici hi. Monday, May 16, 2011 Page 7 of 9

Taang Zomi

Zomi Mimal Min Malgawmzia Tawh Kisai Dawn'na (3)

(03) ei (1) Long (Sau) <eei> /ei/: Amaute in huhna a ngah uh ciangin, a nuam keei /kei/ uh hi. (2) Short (Tom) <ei>: //: Eite / te/ in Pasian i um hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <eih> //: Neih /n/ le lamh a kicing i nei hia? (04) eu (1) Long (Sau) <eeu> /eu/: Na sum kep, eeu /eu/ kha kei o! (2) Short (Tom) <eu>: //: Hih nungak a aw eu // mah si ee. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <euh> //: Kuamah peuhmah /p m/ in Thu um leh, hin tawntungna ngah ding uh hi. (05) ii (1) Long (Sau) <iii> /ii; i/: Hih pa dawngg iii-iai /i ii/ si ee! (2) Short (Tom) <ii>: /; /: Tui a kia akno hehpih huai khiikhiai /x x/ si ee. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <iih> /, /: Ippi sung-ah buhtang dim iih-eih / / hi. (06) iu (1) Long (Sau) <iiu> /iu/: Tua naupang lau lo-in, singg ka kuam-ah na tu liiuliau /liu liu/ hi. (2) Short (Tom) <iu>: //: Beem sung-ah vaimim tangg kisungg iu-eu / / hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <iuh> //: Naupangno ommawh lua ahih manin kiuh /k/ thuak hi. (07) oi/awi (1) Long (Sau) <awi> /i/: Sawi /si/ taai lo-in, tang tak pai ni. (2) Short (Tom) <oi>: //: Koi /k/ mun-ah na upna koih na hi hiam? (3) Creaky (Tawng) <oih> //: Koi mun-ah na upna koih /k/ na hi hiam? (08) ou/awu (1) Long (Sau) <awu> /u/: Nang va pai ta awu /u/ leh! (2) Short (Tom) <o/ou>: //: Zomi /z mi/ ka hi hi. Lo /l/ ka kho /x/ hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <oh/ouh/> //: Na nu le na pa thu, na man loh /l/ phamawh hi. (09) ui (1) Long (Sau) <uui> /ui/: Tua nupi nu, nuui /nui/ zeel, kap zeel-in a om hi. (2) Short (Tom) <ui>: //: Ui // le zawhngeu koi na deih zaw hiam? (3) Creaky (Tawng) <uih> //: Zan hal-a na ngasa, uih // ta ahi hiam? (10) uu (1) Long (Sau) <uuu> /uu, u/: Amah pai kuukuu /ku ku/ hi. (2) Short (Tom) <uu>: /, /: Siikkual khat hong tuuk suk kuukuu /k k/ hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <uuh> /, /: Bungpi khat hong kitat suk kuuhkuuh / / hi.

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Zomi Mimal Min Malgawmzia Tawh Kisai Dawn'na (3)

Taang Zomi

(11) ia (1) Long (Sau) <iaa> /i/: Piakkhiatna /pik xit n/ thu kihanthot kul lai i hia? (2) Short (Tom) <ia> //: Siapa khua dang-ah a piat /pt/ (transfer) ciangin, sangnaupangte a dah uh hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <iah> //: Kumpi tung-ah siah /s/ (tax) na pia nai hia? (4) Reduced (Laklawh) <ia> // Na cil sia khia /s x/ ken. (=Na cil se khe /s x/ ken.) (12) ua (1) Long (Sau) <uaa> /u/: Amah muang /mu/ in. (2) Short (Tom) <ua>: //: Puansilh niikteen nong guat /t/ manin nuam ing. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <uah> //: Suahtaakna /s tk n/ kideih ciat hi. (4) Reduced (Laklawh) <ua> // Na thu gen, hi lua /l/ si! (=Na thu gen, hi law /l/ si!)

C. Triphthongs (A Kihual Khawm Awmung Thum)

(1) iai (1) Long (Sau) <iaai> /ii/: Amaute a pai khawm liailiai /lii lii/ uh hi. (2) Short (Tom) <iai>: //: Mi golpa hong pai iai-iai / / veh ee. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <iaih> //: Guahmal neu hong zu phiaihphiaih /p p/ veh ee. (2) iau (1) Long (Sau) <iaau> /iu/: Mihaupa in kuamah awlmawh lo-in a pai liauliau /liu liu/ hi. (2) Short (Tom) <iau>: //: Mi golpa hong pai iau-iau / / hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <iauh> //: Nasep siauh // (apply for) na sawm hia? (3) uai (1) Long (Sau) <uaai> /ui/: Amau teng mah kizui luailuai /lui lui/ ve uh aw! (2) Short (Tom) <uai>: //: Amah a pai khuaikhuai /x x/ hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <uaih> //: Mite in guaih // ding ut-in na a seem uh hi. (4) uau (1) Long (Sau) <uaau> /uu/: No na pai khol uau /uu/; kei hong nung pai ning ei. (2) Short (Tom) <uau>: //: Vompi khat a pai thuauthuau /t t/ hi. (3) Creaky (Tawng) <uauh> //: Sakol khe ging guauhguauh / / hi.

[Hun ngah ciang-a zop lai ding.]

Monday, May 16, 2011

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