SOCIOLOGY PAPER "POVERTY"

GROUP NAME: RIA Wanti Sianturi Fatmawati CLASS: X.B

SMA NEGERI 1 Bunyu DISTRICT EDUCATION BULUNGAN LEARNING YEAR 2010/2011

PREFACE Praise the Lord for the gift and His unfailing love of writing this paper so that we can finish well. This paper is one of the task field of study Sociology as one of the requirements in the following subjects Sociology. The theme of a paper that we make is "ISSUE - SOCIAL PROBLEMS." We thank the teachers supervising field of study Sociology, our parents, colleagues our colleagues who have helped us in preparing and completing this task or our papers. We really hope that once that the writing of this paper may be useful to readers of this paper. We apologize if the writing of this paper so many flaws and many things that are less pleasing to the readers and we also still expect criticism and suggestions for this paper can be more beneficial for us all. And many thanks ... Bunyu, 29 September 2010 Author

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. i Table of Contents ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ii Introduction ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 1 Chapter 1. A. Definition of Poverty .............................................. ...... 2 B. Measuring Poverty .............................................. ...... 3 C. Discussions About Poverty ............................................. ........ 4 D. World Poverty .............................................. ...... 5 E. Causes of Poverty .............................................. ...... 6 F. Eliminating Poverty .............................................. ...... 7 Chapter 2. Conclusion ................................................. .. 8 Chapter 3. Closing ................................................. . 9

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Preliminary Poverty is a global problem. Poverty is sometimes also means no access to education and jobs that can overcome the problem of poverty and get decent honor as a citizen. Some people understand this term is subjective and comparative, while others view it in terms of moral and evaluative, and still others to understand it from a scientific angle that has been established. The term "developing country" is usually used to refer to countries that are "poor."

A. Definition of Poverty Poverty is a state where there has been an inability to meet basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, education, and health. Poverty can be caused by the scarcity of basic needs fulfillment tool, or the difficulty of access to education and employment. Poverty is a global problem. Some people understand this term is subjective and comparative, while others view it in terms of moral and evaluative, and still others to understand it from a scientific angle that has been established. Poverty is understood in different ways. The main understanding include: Preview the lack of material, which usually cover the needs of everyday food, clothing, housing, and health services. Poverty in this sense is understood as a situation of scarcity of goods and basic services. The description of social needs, including social isolation, dependency, and inability to participate in society. This includes education and information. Social exclusion is usually distinguished from poverty, because it includes political issues and moral, and not limited to the economic field. The description of the lack of adequate penhasilan and wealth. The meaning of "sufficient" here is very different across the parts of politics and economics throughout the world.

2 B. Measuring Poverty

Poverty can be grouped into two categories, namely absolute poverty and relative poverty. Absolute poverty refers to a set of consistent standards, is not affected by time and place / country. An example of an absolute measurement is the percentage of the population eat enough to sustain below the amount which needs a human body (approximately 2000-2500 calories per day for adult males). The World Bank defines absolute poverty as living below USD $ dg income and poverty 1/hari medium for income under $ 2 per day, hence this restriction in 2001, the estimated 1.1 billion people worldwide consume less than $ 1/hari and 2.7 billion people in the world consume less than $ 2/day. "proportion of the population of developing countries who live in extreme poverty has fallen from 28% in 1990 to 21% in 2001. Looking at the period 1981-2001, the percentage of world population living below the poverty line of $ 1 dollar / day has been reduced by half. However, the value of $ 1 was also decreased in this period. Although the most severe poverty there in the world bekembang, there is evidence of the presence of poverty in each region. In developed countries, this condition presents homeless who wander to and fro and the suburbs and the ghetto poor. Poverty can be seen as the collective condition of poor people, or groups of poor people, and in this sense the whole country is sometimes considered to be poor. To avoid this stigma, these countries are usually referred to as developing countries.

3 C. Discussions About Poverty Poverty studied by many sciences, such as social sciences, economics, and culture. In economics, two kinds of poverty are considered: absolute and relative poverty. In politics, the fight against poverty is usually regarded as a social goal and many governments have attempted to establish the institution or department. The work done by agencies is mostly limited to census and identifies the level of income under which citizens are considered poor. Active Response including plans for housing, social pensions, special employment opportunities, etc.. Some ideologies such as Marxism states that the economic and politicians to work actively to create poverty. Another theory considers poverty as a sign of a failed economic system and one of the main causes of crime. In law, there has been a movement seeking the establishment of "human rights" universal aims to eliminate poverty. In education, poverty affects the ability of students to learn effectively in a learning environment. Especially the smaller pupils from poor families, their basic needs as described by Abraham Maslow in Maslow's hierarchy of needs: the need for security and a stable home, clothes, and a regular eating schedule shadowing abilities these students to learn. Furthermore, the educational environment is an umbrella term to describe the phenomenon of "the rich richer and the poor get poorer" (because it deals with education, but switched to poverty in general) the Matthew effect. Related debate in the state of human capital and individual capital a person tends to focus on access to instructional capital and social capital that are available only for those who are educated in the formal system.

4 D. World Poverty Copenhagen Declaration describes absolute poverty as "a condition characterized by severe shortages of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, housing, education, and information." The World Bank describes as "extremely poor" as people who live on less than U.S. $ 1 per day, and "poor" with incomes less than U.S. $ 2 per day. Based on these standards, 21% of world population in a state of "very poor", and more than half the world's population is still called "poor", in 2001. Borgen Project pointed to the American leader to give U.S. $ 230 billion per year to military contractors, and only U.S. $ 19 billion is needed to achieve the UN Millennium Development goal to end extreme poverty before 2025.

5 E. Causes of Poverty Many associated with poverty: Cause an individual, or pathological, who see poverty as a result of the behavior, choices, or the ability of the poor; The cause of the family, linking poverty with family education; The cause of the sub-culture (subcultural), linking poverty with daily life, learned or executed in the surrounding environment; The cause of these agencies, who see poverty as a result of the actions of others, including war, government, and economics; structural causes, which gives the reason that poverty is the result of social structure. Although widely accepted that poverty and unemployment is as a result of laziness, but in the U.S. (the richest country per capita in the world) for example has millions of people who termed the working poor, ie, people who are not wealthy or public assistance plans, but still failed to pass above the poverty line.

6 F. Eliminating Poverty The main response to poverty is: Assistance in poverty, or help directly to the poor. This approach has become part of European society since medieval times. Assistance to individual circumstances. Many kinds of policies are implemented to change the situation of the poor based on the individual, including punishment, education, social work, job search, and others. Preparation for the weak. Rather than providing direct assistance to the poor, many welfare states provide assistance to people who are categorized as being more likely to be poor, such as the elderly or persons with a disability, or circumstances that make people poor, as demand for health care.

7 Conclusion The main cause of poverty is so rapid population growth. Rapid population growth exacerbated the level of income kesenjangn rich countries to poor countries, even among high-income families with low income families. So apply aksiomalama, "the rich get wealth, that poor children grow." Poverty is a universal cause.

8 Cover Apparently after so many have an independent state, but still many are still experiencing poverty. It should if many countries have been independent, humans should also be free. But no, in fact many people around us who still live in poverty. It's not fair at all to those who lack. It can eliminate poverty by helping those in need.