TRUONG DAI HOC BACH KHOA DA NANG TRUNG TAM TIN HOC BACH KHOA — ale — TAI LIEU HUONG DAN Dé Ning 2009Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 CAC KIEN THUC CO BAN VE PHAN TICH KET CAU (SAP2000 - BASIC ANALYSIS REFERENCE) Ngwai sit dung cée phan mém ndi chung va Sap2000 néi riéng can phai hiéu mét cach teong Kin bin chat cia cdc phin mém vi phat kiém tra m@t each dée Idp két qua tinh todn dé dim bio tinh chink xéc. Quyét dink cudi ciing van phi la ctia con nguéi bing cdc kién thite tong hop. I. PHUONG PHAP PHAN TU HUU HAN 1. Khai nigm chung: Phuong phap PTHH duge img dung tinh két céu v6i sy tro gidp cia may tinh, ra déi vao nam 1970. Phuong phap nay ding mé hinh rdi rec dé ly trong hod két edu thue. ‘Thue hign réi rac hod két cdu bing cach chia két céu lign tye thanh hitu han ede min hob ee két ‘cdu con goi la phan tir hitu han. * péi véi hé thanh. phan tir hitu han La thanh. * Déi véi két edu tim: phan tir itu han la tim tam gic, chir nhat vv. Sau khi réi rac hod, gia thiét cdc phan tir hiru han chi néi véi nhau tai mét s6 diém quy dinh (dheing la cde déu hodc géc cha phan ti) goi Ii nit. ‘Ton bé tp hop cde phan tir hitu han goi 18 luéi phi tit, ‘86 lugng phan tir anh hudng dén sé an s6 cia bai toan. 2. Trinh ty giai bai toan két c4u bang phan mém PTH! a. Buée 1 ; Chuyén tit so do két cau (céng trinh thye té) sang so do tinh ‘Xée dinh yéu cu tinh toan, cdc két qua cdn tim. X4e dinh dang hinh hoc cua két edu. Xe dinh tai trong, cde dic trumg cia vat ligu b. Bude 2 : Rai rac hod két céu, chon loai phan tir thich hop diém nat, ede phan ti Phan chia cée trrémg hop tai trong (cde phurmg én cia hoat tai). Khai béo vat ligu. Khai bao tiét dign. ¢. Bude 3: Thyc hign gidi bai toan Khai béo céc théng s6 tinh tod, cée bac tu do hoat ddng... Kiém tra d6 chinh xa cia két qua. Higu chinb lai dit ligu néu cd, 4. Buée 4 In két qua hode xuat ra file, xr ly cdc file két qua néu can. Sir dung két qua. ~ Trang 2-Tai ligu baring din Sap 2000 - 10.01 Khi giai m6t bai toan bang phuong phap Phan tir hitu han, vig nhp dit ligu tén rét nhiéu thoi gian va cong sire, néu cé sai sét rit khé phat hign, nén cdn chudn bi sé ligu that ky, so dd tinh phai vé mot céch r6 ring, vige nhap so ligu phai can thn. Buée 2 >) Thue hign burée nhdp sé liéu Nhép :- Dir ligu digu khién - Dar ligu nat ~ Dit ligu phan tir ~ Dit ligu tai tron; Buée 3 . The hign giai va kiém tra két qua J _— Buie 4 Bidu dign xudt két qua TI. PHAN MEM PHAN TICH VA THIET KE KET CAU SAP2000 1. Ljeh sir hinh thanh : yy nat la SAP2000 V10, 11, 12. ‘SAP2000 tich hop chite ning phan tich ké bing phuong phap PTHH véi chire ning thiét ké két edu (tinh to thép va chon tiét dién d6i v6 ), SAP2000 eiing da bd sung thém cdc loai vige vio sé ligu cho bai toan duge nhanh hon. Giao dign cia SAP2000 rit tre quan va durge thyc hign hodn toan trén m6i trrdmg Windows (SAP86 thyte hién viéc nhdp dtr ligu trén Dos, SAP9O nhdp sé ligu trén Windows nhung tinh todn va xem két qua noi Iue trén Dos) 2. Kha ning ciia phin mém SAP2000 tn ning man 8 mo hin vi tin ton nh u thuémg gp trong Dan phing, Dan khéng gian, Dam trén nén din hoi (dim mong ane), _két cau vo mong ‘mii che, bé nude, xil6...), két cdu khoi (48, dap ...) .. Vat ligu c6 thé tuyén tinh ding hung hose trac uéng, hoge phi tuyén. ‘Tai trong bao gém lye tap trung tai nit, lye phan bé déu hodc phin bé dang hinh thang trén thanh, tai trong do ap Iyc cua chat long hoc khi, Tai trong cé thé tic dung tinh hoc tae dung déng, c6 vj tri bat dong hoic di déng ... ~ Trang 3 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 ‘M6 hinh tinh khéng han cl dung lugng tring 6 ctmg cdn nhiéu. ‘Cie phan tich cho bai toan bao gém : phin tich tinh, phan tich dong (tinh tan sé dao déng, tinh ndi Ine dong...) SAP2000 c6 4 phign bin + Ban phi tuyén (Nonlinear): day di cde chite nang + Ban nang cao (Advanced) ; Thiéu chite nang phan tich phi tuyén, + Ban chuan (Standard) : Thiéu che nang phan tich phi tuyén, mé hinh tinh gigi han s6 nat <1500. + Ban hoe tp (Education) : mién phi, mé hinh tinh gidi han t6i da 30 nut, File dit ligu cia SAP2000 c6 phan m@ rng la *.SDB (file géc dang nhi phén) hoie *:S2K va *S8K (file dit ligu dang tp tin van ban), cic file khée 06 cing tén véi file dit ligu nhung e6 phén me rng khic do SAP tao ra trong qué trinh tinh tod. III. SO DO NGUYEN LY HOAT DONG CUA SAP2000: (Déi véi bai todn Phan tich - Thiét ké hé thanh) Ve diém Dau cic ‘Ve dung ‘Chia nhé e Ung suit trade phan ti. (Line) phan tir (Pre-stress) ] ] Tai ‘Gia phong lign kat Vat Tigu iq Nat (Joint) (Material) (Release) T.d6 (yz) t Tiét dign ——— (Section) |__ [56 digm xu k&t qua] (Output Stations) Lién ké x int Sori 5 True dia phuong (Restraint - Spring) Patir Thanh ke (Frame) | (Local Axes) Tai trong Load) Phép bién adi Trong long b.than ; (Self weigh) Té hop <> (Combination ||, am ceutng bite (Displacement) Phan tich (Analysis) Nhiét dé. + (Thermal) Phan lye, Noi lye (Reaction, Frame force) va 4 r— Chon tiéu chun =P, Design) ]_Kétedu BICT ‘Két qua (Result) ‘| __ Kétcdu Thep ~ Trang 4-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 IV. HE TOA DO SU DUNG TRONG SAP2000: 1. HG toa 46 tng thé (Global System): Tit cf toa 49 cia cdc phin tt trong m6 hinh déu duge xée dinh thong qua mét hé toa d@ chung goi 14 hé toa dé téng thé XYZ. Ngodi hé toa d6 tong thé, ngudi sir dung c6 thé dinh nghia thém cde hé toa 49 phu dé phuc vu cho céng vige xdy dung hinh dang hinh hoc cla mé hinh, eéc tog &@ cia hé toa 6 phy cudi ciing cling duge quy d6i sang tog d6 cia hé tog d6 tong thé. True Z ludn la trye thing dig, huémg lén, nhur vay mét phiing XY la mgt bing va thudmg nén chon rat phing XZ. la mat phing lim vige chinh eta hé (v4 du nue phuong ngang ciia hé Khung khdng gian hoe mit phing lam vige cia hé khung phéng). Toa d6 cia mot vi ti duge xéc dinh bang 3 toa dé x, y, z cla vi tri dd, Phuong ela hé tog d6 duge ky higu li +X, +Y, #Z (hudng + ld cing ehiéu, - la nguge chiéu), 2. HG tog dG dja phwong (Local System): ‘Mi déi tuong trong mé hinh déu c6 hé toa d6 riéng ciia nd goi la hé toa d6 dja phwong cia déi tuomg d6 (vi du hé toa dé dia phuong ctia nit, cia thanh ...), hé tog 46 dia phuong durge sir dung dé xe dinh cée tinh chat, tai trong, ndi lye ... cha d6i tugng d6. Hé toa d6 dia phuong duge ky higu 1a 123, Noi chung, h@ toa 46 dja phuong cia méi ddi twong 1a c6 thé khéc nhau, nit niy khée it kia, thanh nay khde thanh kia. Me dinh céc d6i tung cing loai (nit, thanh, tim) c6 mot hé toa d6 dia pong 123 theo mot quy Judt chung ging nhau, vi du nw : d6i véi nat, hg toa d6 123 mie dinh e6 phurong tring véi hé toa 9 ting thé XYZ. Néu hi toa d6 cite & tugng thre t8 khde véi hé top 46 mic dinh, neu sit dung cin khai bio cée théng sé géc xoay dé xéc dinh phuong cia hé toa d6 dia phuong thyc té. V. PHAN TU THANH (FRAME): 1. Téng quan: Phan tir thanh ding dé mé hinh cde cf kign dim, o6t, dan trong mat phng cing nhu trong khong shan tir cap (cable, chi chju kéo) va phin tir day cdng (tendon) cing ¢ think phan moment sgian, ngodi phin tir thanh edn e 6 dang dudng thang (line), Phan tir thanh tong quat trong khong gian chiu uuén theo 2 phuong, Iie cit theo 2 phuong, lye doc vi: moment xoin. Phan tr thanh duge m6 hinh bing dung thing nbi git 2 dim, dé vi thanh cong gud sit dung 6 thé chia nhé thinh tap hop nbiéu thanb thing dé xp xi duge ducimg cong. MGi phan tir thanh c6 thé chiu tai trong do trong lwgng ban than (sefl-weight), cde lye tap trung (concentrated loads), cac lye phan b6 (distributed loads) Cac diém chen (insertion point) va cac ving cimg dau thanh (end offsets) cing duge xét dén dé xe dinh d6 Ich tam va 6 eting tai vi tri giao mhau eiia cée phin tit. Giai phéng lign két tai dau thanh (end release) giip mé hinh cdc dang lién két khde nhau tai hai dau thanh. N6i lye trong thanh cé thé duge xudt ra tai 2 diu thanh va tai céc diém céch ddu nhau (output station) trén thanh, ane cine di : ‘Total Length L 2. Ving cing dau thanh (End offset) Ghoar Length Le al _ Trong so 8 tinh, thanh duge m6 hinh Henze! al bing mét dudmg thing true thanh, néi 2 lemmber ’ diém dau thanh goi 1a mit i (nat diu) va nd =End Offsets. —— al ome j (nit cudi), Thuong 2 dau thanh duge ndi véi cae phan tir Khée, do 46 tai mit xuit oa al hign nhing ving giao nhau gitta cée thanh (xem hinh), khodng céch chéng lén cdc phan tir khée ciia thanh goi la i_off va j_off duge do tir nat dén bién ving giao nhau gitta thanh dang xét véi cde thanh khée. ~ Trang 5 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 _ End offset li mét phan cia chiéu dai thanh, o6 thé cimg tuyét déi hoc mém tuyét déi, hode cimg 1 phin (twong déi). Tai trong tc dung én thanh vin xét dén cdc khoang cach end offtet. CChigu dai uén cia thanh (ding dé xéc dinh 6 eimg cua thanh) duge xe din nhu sau: L 1. off + j off) Trong 46 : Ly chigu dai udn cia thanh L chigu dai cia thanh trén mé hinh, . i_off, j_off : cdc khodng céch end offset tai 2 ddu thanh : i (du), j (cubi) F 9 cimg tuong déi ciia viing end offset, c6 gid tri tir 0 + 1 (mém tuyét di + eimg tuyét doi). Nén lay gid tri r <0,5 An huring dén két qua n6i lve : K&t qua ndi Ie duge xuit tai vi tri end offset va tai mot s6 diém eéch du nhau trong doan chigu dai ung git thanh . N6i lye khong due xuat trén dogn end offset ké ci tai vi ti mat, 3. HG tog d9 dja phuong cia thanh M@i phan tr thanh du 06 mét hé 48 dja phuong riéng cia phin tir 46 va duge ky higu 1a 123. ‘MOt digu rat quan trong 1 can phai nam vimg cach xac dinh hg toa 46 dja phuong dé xac dinh ding de trumg tiét dign, tai trong va két qua ndi le. He truc dia phuong cia thanh duge xéc dinh tir hé true dia phuong mic dinh va gée xoay hé trac (coordinate angle). . . _ Truc 1 cia hé tog d6 dja phuong ludn 14 true doe truc thank, e6 chiéu di tir déu thanh dén cudi thanh (mit i dén nit). Mat phing 1-2 thudng la mat phing lim vige ehinh cua thanh. HE true mac dinh + Mit phing 1-2 14 mat phing thing dimg (mit phing Z-1), # True 2 08 chigu hudng én, tre trumg hop thanh thang dmg, lée dé true 2 06 chigu “X + Truc 3 duge xéc dinh ti truc 1&2, e6 phuong nim ngang (nam trong mét phing XY) Gée xoay he tryc (tinh bang d9) iu truc 283 thy té khong ding theo phuong mge din, ngudi sir dung cin Khai bdo gc xoay cima he true 2&3 quanh tryc 1 dé xoay h@ trye me dinh den he true thye #8, * » ang20 ‘ a . at MH “a {fea 2 Axe is Routed 39m 21 lane a s * , i x, Q av or ¥ wa? ang-a0"| ” Local Aes Paral to +2 Local Asie Parl to -2 Ai ~ Trang 6-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 4. Dac trung tiét dign thanh (frame section) Tiét dign thanh 1 mét t6 hgp ctia vat ligu va hinh hoc, ding dé mé ta mat cdt ngang cia mét hay nhigu than, Mat cit duge khai béo de lap va sau dé ding dé gén cho thanh a. Dic trumg vi Vat ligu c6 thé duge khai bao bang cde théng sé dic trmg. . + Modul din héi (modulus of elasticity) £ : ding xe dinh d6 cimg doc true va d6 emg udn. + Modul dan hdi trugt (shear modulus) G : ding dé xae dinh d6 cimg chong cat va 4 cimg xoan. G ¢6 thé duge xdc dinh théng qua E va u: G=- 20+) + H6 s6 no ngang (Poisson's ratio) w : la ty s6 gitta hi chju kéo - nén dge true. + Khoi lugng ring (mass density) p : diing dé xc dinh khéi lugng cua phin wt. + Trong luong ring (weight density) w : ding dé xéc dinh trong luong ea phan ti dang ngang so véi bién dang de trye + Chi s6 thiét ké: dé xée dinh loai thiét ké ket cdu (bé tong cét thép, thép, nhdm) hoge loai vat ligu khée. Néu vat ligu thude loai thigt ké 1 bé téng cét thép thi chong trinh sé tinh ton long, c6t thép cin thigt cia tiét dign dua vio cuimg d6 bé tong, cudmg dd c6t thép theo tiéu chudn thiét ké be tong duge sit dung. Néu vat ligu thudc loai thiét ké 14 thép hodc nh6m thi chuong trinh sé tim logi tiét ign c6 dign tich nho nhat trong s6 tiét dign duge khai béo ma dim béo kha ning chiu lye dy tren curing d6 thép hoe nhém theo tiéu chuan thiét ké két edu thép hoe nhém. b. Dic trumg hinh hoc ‘Su dic trung hinh hoe cling cdc dic trung vat ligu duge ding dé xée dinh ede dé cimg eta tét dign + Dign tich tiét dign A : ding dé xéc dinh d6 cing doe truc = E.A + Moment quan tinh Ths (chinh) va Ize (phy) : ding dé xéc dinh d6 eimg chéng uén B.lbs vi Ele + Hing sé xodn J: ding dé xéc dinh d6 cimg chdng xoan G.I. Luu J hing sé xodin khdng pha 1d moment quan tinh dc ewe, trie phi tiét dién thank la trén tich chong eit AS, AS, : ding dé xéc dinh 49 cig chéng cit G.AS; va GAS; ‘Déi v6i tiét dign chit nhat : AS: ~ AS; ~ 5/6 b.h <5 ‘Déi véi tiét dign tron : AS) = AS; = 0,97 fo cent Dbi véi tit dign ch 1: AS) =ty.d q eS t AS3 = 5/3.tebr Oi véi tiét dign vnh khin AS; = AS; =m3.8 (r: ban kinb trong, 8 : chigu day vanh khan) bl Khai bao A, In, Iss, J bing 0 66 nghia d6 cing twong tig sé bing 0. Vi du phia tir dn ¢6 thé khai bao J = In = Iss = 0; phin tir thanh phang trong mat phing 1-2 c6 thé khai bao J = In, = 0 Khai béo AS2, AS; bang 0 c6 nghia la biém dang trargt = 0 (b6 qua bién dang trugt trong thanh) Séu gid trj dic trmg hinh hoc ¢6 thé duge khai bio trac tiép hoge duge chyong trinh tinh todn te cae kich thuée va hinh dang tiét dign ho§e duge doc tir file eo sé dit ligu vé tiét dign thanh (Sap cung cip cde file co sé dit ligu vé thép hinh cia mot s6 nude). ‘Cac dang tiét dign c6 thé tinh todn duge cde de trung hinh hoc théng qua céc kich thude tiét dign trong Sap bao gm + Hinh chit nh@t (Rectangular) ; nhap kich thuée chigu cao va chiéu rng. + Hinh trin Circle) : nap kich thuée dudng kinh, + Hinh dng (Pipe) : nhdp duémg kinh ngoai va chiéu day. + Hinh hép réng (Box) : nhfp chidu cao téng, chidu réng téng, chigu day cénh ngang, chidu day thanh dimg. . an . . + Chit I (Wide flange) : nhap chiéu cao ting, chiéu réng ednh trén, chiéu day cénh trén, chigu day bin bung, chiéu rong cénh dui, chiéu day cénh dud. . . + Chi C (Channel) : nhap chiéu cao tng, chiéu rong cdnh, chiéu day cénh va chiéu day ban bung, 2 3 4 4 + Chir T (Tee) : nhap chiéu cao ting, chiéu rng edn, chiéu day cénh va chiéu day bin bung. ~ Trang 7~Tai tigu hucéng din Sap 2000 - VI0.01 + Chit L (Angle) : nhap chiéu cao téng, chiéu rong ting, chiéu day cdnh ngang, chiéu day cénh ding. +2L (Double Angle) : nhap chiéu cao tong, chiéu rng tng (bing 2 lan chiéu rng L + khoang he gita 21), chiéu day cénh ngang, chigu day cénh dimg, khoang hé gitta 2 sng L. a0 o4 2 T 3 SH=R SH= = Trang 8 =Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 5. Diém chen (insertion point) ‘Mic dinh true 1 cia thanh sé tring véi truc thanh di qua trong tam cia tiét dign 6 2 dau thanh, trong m6t s6 truéng hgp dé thufin tién, ta c6 thé khai béo dé true 1 di qua mét vi tri khic tai 2 dau thanh goi li diém chen. . Bé Khai bio diém chén ta phai khai bo diém dinh vi (cardinal point) va khodng céch tir diém dinh vi dén diém chén, $6 bigu ede diém dinb vj duge thé hign trén hinh (mie dinh La 10) 1: Gée trai eanh diy. 2: Trung diém canh day + Diém 3 : Géc phai canh diy + Diém 4 : Bign tréi canh gitta thanh (canh gitta thanh di qua trung diém cia chieu cao thanh) + Biém 5 : Trung diém cenh gitta thanh © Biém 6: Bién phai canh gita thanh + Diém 7: Géc trai canh trén + Diém 8 : Trung diém canb trén + Diém 9 : Gée phai + Bigm 10: Trong tm + Diém 11: Trongtimedt . Tnuing hop tiét dign c6 2 truc adi ximg thi diém 5 = 10 = 1. Khoing céch tir diém chén dén diém dinh vj (Joint offset) : 18 cdc khodng céch theo eée truc 1, 2, 3 hod X, Y, Z néu diém chén lich vi tri so véi diém dinh vi 6. Giai phéng lign két tai dau thanh (End Release) Binh thang eae thinh phan chuyén vi thing va xoay tai 2 dau than efing bing chuyén vj tai mit vv ciing bing véi cde du thanh khéc cing quy tu tai ndt d6. Tuy nhién e6 thé gidi phéng m6t hode mot sé thanh phan chuyén vi cia thanh so véi nat, khi digu nay xdy ra thi ndi lye twong img vei thanh phan chuyén vj duge giai phéng tai du thanh 46 s@ bing 0. en lia v Trong vi dy nhw hinh bén : than Diem lién te ie chéo 6 lign két cig tai diu i va r —— ~ Khép tai dau j, hai thanh khée (thanh Diem khop"t* El dimg va thanh ngang) ndi cimg tai mit gyig 9 oe j. Dé khai bio lign két kh6p tai nit Diém lién tue nhw vay ta phai khai bao thanh chéo gidi phéng lién két ngin cin chuyén vj xoay theo phuong true 3, ¢6 nghia fi 1 moment Mss tai mit j= 0 » Ta cling 06 thé gidi phing nhigu ave Giobel x lién két theo cde phrong khée nhau, oe tuy nhién phai khéng lam hé tro nén bién hinh, _ Néu thanh c6 Khai béo End offet thi lign két giai phéng tai vj tri mat thanh chr khéng phai tai nit Néu giai phéng lign két xoay hoe tregt ciing vi e6 Khai béo end offset chuong trinh sé xem doan end offset 1d cimg tuyét déi theo phuong twong img véi lién két gidi phong. 7. Khéi wong (mass) Trong cdc bai toan phiin tich déng, khéi lugng duge sit dung dé xdc dinh céc dang dao déng riéng ita hé va lye quan tinh. Khéi lung phin bé trén thanh dugc don vé 2 dau thanh thanh khéi lugng tap trung, do dé khi phan tich s& khong c6n khéi lung phén bé nia (hé hitu han bac ty do). Gié tri khdi Ivong dén vé 2 dau thanh duge xéc dinh tong ty nhw phan lye tai 2 gdi twa néu xem thanh la dim don gin chiu tai trong phan bé vuéng géc cé gid tri bang gid tri khdi rong phan bé. ~ Trang 9-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 8. Trong lrgng bin than (Sefl-weight load) Trong lugng ban than cé thé duge 4p dung vio bit cir truéng hgp tai trong ndo trong hé va téc dong céc phan tir trong hé. Boi véi phan tir than, ti trong do trong lung ban thin Ia tai trong. phan b6 co chieu huéng xuong, c6 gid tri bang trong lugng riéng cia vat ligu (w) * dign tich tiét dign (4) * he sé trong long ban than. . Trong moi trig hop tdi trong, hé s6 trong luong ban than la mot hé s6 tit cia hé. Trong lugng ban than sé duge cng tae dung véi tai trong ngoai 9. Tai trong tp trung trén thanh (Concentrate span load) Ding dé khai bao Iye hoge moment tp trang téc dung tai mét vi ti bit ky trén than, Phuong eta tai trong tap trang c6 thé theo phuong cia hé toa d6 tong thé hoi theo phuromg cia hé toa d9 dia phuong cia than. Tai trong khai béo téc dung theo hé toa d6 tong thé sé duge bién ddi thinb tai trong tée dung theo phuong hé toa dé dja phuong truéc khi tinh todn phan tich. S6 long ti trong tp trung téc dung trén mét thanh la khéng giéi han, tuy nhién trong 1 ln khai béo ta chi c6 thé dat 161 da 4 tai trong tap trang vio thanh, néu 2 tai trong tip trung téc dung vao cing m6t vi tri sé duge cng véi nhau. , . Xx phuong Z Ln theo phuong Z > . ss Tit cd tai_ trong tie dung tai vt 6 khoing céich 5 o ving eich ag ” trong 46i= 0,5 ‘ 8 adi = 0 ‘ Le theo phuong 2 ‘Moment theo phuong 2 2 a i “s x2 Gina 10. Tai trong phan bé trén thanh (Distributed span load) Ding dé khai béo Ive hoge moment phan bé tée dung trén thanh. Tai trong c6 thé cd dang phan bé déu (uniform) hoie dang phan b6 4 diém (trapezoidal). Phuong cia tai trong phan bd c6 thé theo phuong cita h@ toa 46 tng thé hod theo phuong cia hé tog 46 dia phuong cua than, Tai trong dang phan bo déu téc dung suét chiéu dai véi cing mot gia tri, tai trong phan b6 dang 4 diém tac dung theo dang duémg gay khéc di qua 4 diém xéc dinh bing 4 khoang céch va 4 cudng 46 tai trong phan tuong img tai 4 vi tr dé, Néu ede tai trong chdng Ién nhau sé duge eGng véi nhau. Vi dy vé tai trong dang 4 diém Axis 3 1 ake : ‘ 5 one 5 ae a OO ws —_— ras F oo 3 + 2 a Cudng d6 cua tai trong 1A Ive hoe moment trén mét don vj chidu dai. Néu tai trong phan bintén chidu dai chiéu (project) thi gia trj sé duge nhin véi sin® ho§c cos ~ Trang 10-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 Lye phan bd theo Moment phan b6 theo phuong Z trén chiéu dai phuong Z trén chiéu dai Project : nhan véi sind Project : nhan véi cos0 11. Noi lye, xuat két qua ndi lyre (Internal force output) N6i lye thanh 1a cae thanh phan lye va moment duge tich phan tir céc thanh phn tng suat trén toan ign thanb. Cée thanh phan ndi luc bao gdm + Lue doe (axial) : P uc cat (chinh) trong mat phing 1-2 (shear force) : Vox + Lye eat (phy) trong mat phing 1-3 (shear force) : Vas, + Moment xodn (axial torque) : T + Moment uén (phy) trong mat phiing 1-3 (bending moment) : Mz (xoay quanh truc 2) ~ Moment uén (chinh) trong m&t phing 1-2 (bending moment) : M; (xoay quanh true 3 ‘Cac thanh phan néi lye nay xuat hign tai tat ca cde tiét dign doc trén chiéu dai thanh, Chiéu duong cia n6i lye durge quy wére hu trén hinh sau : ee? 1.8 hiet Lye doe va moment xoiin Ox 7 oT eS Moment va lye cit chinh 74 we ‘Néi lye ciia thanh duge tinh toan trong tat ca cde trang hgp tai trong va duge xuat ra két qua tai 2 diu thanh cing ede diém eéch déu nhau trén thanb, Néu thanh e6 khai bao End offset thi ndi le duge ‘xuit ra tai 2 mat thanh va tai cée diém céch déu nhau trén chiéu dai trong cia thanh, ~ Trang 11 -Tai ligu hwitng déin Sap 2000 - V10.01 CAC BUGC TIEN HANH KHI PHAN TICH KET CAU BAN PHAN MEM SAP2000 V10.01 1, Lap so’ dé tinh : myc dich tgo so dd hinh hoc cia m6 hinh (phin ti, kich thude, lidn két ..) 1. Chon hé don vj sir dung chinh. r Ne Mod Intaiation = (ee Medal Fon itauls Win Wes Intiaiee Medel fom an Exsing File Sehect Template 2 Ines WW Tusses 20 Framer FialSlab Shele —Slarearee——Slateye States Undaaeund — SoféModels CableBidoe: Caars BAG Bios Wiead Pluss and Console Plates Blank : chi tg0 bai todn méi. KhOng tao hé Ini va di tuong. Grid Only (Hg lus) ~ Trang 12 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 er Cc cunts aes Srica tone [T— Nn d Gin (86 dung IuSi) | eo amin Phuong X vaca [Phuong Y Zaeomn 5 Phuong Z Gono (Khong eich) aetin—B Phuong X vac 5 Phuong Y zaeon Phuong Z, Néu muén thay d4ihé Judi thi chon Edit Grid Ens Nhip toa d6 méi cho e: (Toa d9 cic duremg hadi wimg lui theo phuong X) Teta [Bae oe sa-(Toa d9 cic dung ludi theo phuong YY Waki [BanbLoe (Toa d6 ebe duimg luéi theo phusamg Z) Waa [BaweLor ‘Néu muén nhép s6 liga theo khodng cach cae 6| ludi thi chon Spacing eens {tt Nhap khodng céch cho cdc 6 luéi =i (Khong cic cc 6 lu thoo phuowe X). aid Sec (Gall seer 0 era Tal i Shon ata ina Son ‘Guida (Khong cich céc 6 Iu6i theo phuong Y) ‘Fa (Khodng cich ed 6 lub theo phuong Z) ted Bike Lessin tides | ~ Trang 13 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 a. dan mai (Pi Beam (Dim lién tuc) i 1éu mudn ahdpkichthude cho dim khing du nhip thi chi cin nbip s6 nhip dm va chon Use Custom Grid sats dé chon Rit Grid sete —ua_| 2D Trusses (Dan phing): Cé 3 dang: Hé dan hinh thang (Sloped Truss); Hé dan binh chit nhat (Vertical rall Truss) INé dan hinh thang (Sloped Truss) iste aoivsim: [5(S6 d6t din) Drier enah [F~(Chigu dai 1 eu [(Chidu cao din) TU CionbilSreomdlecte isn ‘Néu mun hp kich thude cho dn khng du ship thi chi cin nhdp s6 dét dn va chon Use Custom Grid sauidé chon Edit Grid Pecan ok | _ cone IHé din hinh chi nhat (Vertical Truss a Nneattneiee [7 (S6<6t din) Oven ten [F (Chiu di | ooh [F (chidu eao dan) 7 Untaanbspatyandluce Dn \ [Néu mubn nbip kich thu cho din khdng dda nip thi chi cin nhip 6 d6t dn va chon Use Custom Grid sau dé chon Kait Grid Pane oc | cones Yate «Spare [7 (S6 nip) Sew tet JE—(chidu dai nhip) | Truss); Hé ‘46n) ‘46n) ~ Trang 14-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 H16 din mai (Pratt Truss} EI sentra inp eter FSF ab) Seateah 2 TF panip Lay 40%" F056 at Nay Heart (chigueaottty “8 (Chidu cao 12) ene cHigu cao 13) Powmane deletion | 1 F Gime om id N ye, 3D Truses (Dan khdng gian): C6 6 dang: Dam mai tinh thé (Roof Truss); 4 dang din hinh thép (Transmission Tower 1-4); Dan c6 day giing (Guyed Truss} IHé din mdi tinh thé (Roof Truss) Fests (Sh nhjp xy Mntedserx 7 Nmatban (eB ahip ¥) (C di mhip X) Smieeh Namivalwers® (36 abt trong mhip X) Ci nhip vee’ B tumraouseey (8 at wong nhip Y) : si 5 (Chieu cao din) Foca tSraogsndLostetion ein tn [Néa muon nhap kich thude cho dn khong du nhp thi chi cn hap sé nhip X-Y, sb ddt X-Y vi chon Use Custom Grid sau d6 chon Edit Grid ox | 4€ dan thap dang I (Transmission Tower I Tron = (Cav 43) (Chit ring) [Sewn wf i ae Layo a 7 T “ 3 03 2 te 10 —w ae cs 2s Bede a ~ Trang 15 ~Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 JH din thap dang 2 (Transmission Tower 2) (= I Gites (Cao d9)_(Chiéw vn [J Btevston | — wae a lo 1 v v [as a 0 _ [aia 6 2 1 [ap 4 t 1 S| 2 0 1a ‘etn Pca Panne daien Loss, / nein | at Xf 8 Soin Pet ¥ Wr TN \ | I renant aye ‘ a Gide ox o a 1¢ din thip dang 4 (Transmission Tower 4) Diunton es 5] (Cao 43) (Chidu ring) [[tterton | wt a as Hi a . #8 ras 4 a 1 a [al 4 % us & [sn ‘ n us rnnsosanin | stn iA ae WF Gide «| | ~ Trang 16-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 EXEEM [¢ dan thap c6 day giang Guyed Tower) OTe Siri (Cao d6)(Chieu rong). mana 2D Frames (H@ khung phing): C6 3 dang khung phing: Khung vudng géc (Portal); Khung c6 thanh ging chéo (Braced [Concentric]); Khung cé thanh ging chong (Braced [Eccentric]} ng goe (Portal) Mts (86 tng) Stoo (Chiu cao | tng) Nwemsean [F(S6 nhip) Sevan FE-(Chidu ng tip) TU OonbilSreomdlecte isn Nu mubn nb kich thud cho khung king déu nhip vad thi chi ein nbap s6 ting, s6 nhip va chon Use Custom Grid sau dé chon Edit Grid ting| Pecan or iol a Nari dSines F(Sé ting) Seutoa (Chidu cao | ting) Nanbac tae (SE ahip) Bw An (Chiu rag nh) T Uietienispeg fsx Ooh rmudn nhép kich thud cho khung khing du nbip vi du tn thi chi cin nbsp s6 ting, s6 nhip va chon Use Custom Grid sau dé chon Edit Grid hess | tee | ~ Trang 17Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 IHé Khung cé thanh giang chong (Braced [Ecconcentric]} arent oer Eee) re aerators SEalgg) (Ci cat hg) Merorctte (sé nhip) 9 (Chigu rng mhip) Gove (Khoing bi gita cdc thanh ging) 1 UnCidntSecroldeDan \ ‘Néu mun nhip kich thude cho khung khéng déu nhip va du ting thi chi cin nbdp s6 tng, sb nbjp vi chon Use Custom Grid sau dé chon Edit Grid 3D Frames (H@ khung khdng gian): C6 4 dang: Khung khong gian (Open Frame Building); Khung khéng gian chi c6 dim bién (Perimeter Frame Building); Khung khéng gian lam vige dng thi véi sin (Beam-Slab Building); Flat Plate Building (Két cdu san phang, san ndm). EXPMEMMM¢ Khong khong gian (Open Frame Building) eni=cS Ss vurtwastns [> (S6ting) ——_Seutea [F(Chib cao tng) NrbetOnFF(S8 hip X)__ Sah FF (Cia sng hip) Netetton'Y ($8 nhip ¥) 294K FF (Chidu rng hip Y) Un ut Somat oan j [Néu mudn nhap kich thude cho Khung khéng du nhip vi du ting thi chi cin ubip s6 tng, sé nbjp va chon Use Custom Grid sau dé chon Edit Grid F Rear or [ig Khung chi c6 dim bién (Perimeter Frame Building) = Fee Ba rms sl Yanks ee: fi (S6 ding) Soot [F(Chigu cao Hing) Naess [E(S6 nhip X) toy thE (Chidw rng hip X) ruewstar.s (SE hip Y) ran [F-(Chida rng nhip Y) 7 UeoCwvn i pasgandtocoetish [Néu mudn nhap kich thude cho khung khong du nhip va déu ting {hi chi cin nbdp s6 ting, sé nhip va chon Use Custom Gri sau dé chon Edit Grid Pins ox Cea ~ Trang 18 =igu huwdng din Sap 2000 - V10.01 im sin lam viée dong thei (Beam-Slab Building eaariiar] Mbsasins FTE) Seven (Ch ea ng) Nektar F(S8 nip X) Sh (Chibu ng Bhp X) atmatson YF (SS nip ¥) 84 F(Chidurdng hip Y) Nunksl ssn X FF _ Nie J ‘S$ doan chia rong 1 nhip X)_ ($8 doan chis trong 1 nhip Y) ieee een nade Sb | 'Néu mun nhap kich thud cho khung king du nhip va du ting {hi chi cin nhip s6 ting, sb nhjp va chon Use Custom Grid sau dé chon Edit Grid IF Pea | _ ten phang khong dam (Flat Plate Building) tentoe Paton Buk Omenic= Nur sbi TSE ding) Sout [F-(Chiu canting) Nek FSB hip X)__ Sees (Cid ng thipX) NonbsoGern¥ ($6 nhip Y) #84 IF (Chidu rong hip YY) Nebaoliak F—— Matdon T {$4 doan chia trong 1 nhip X)__(Sé6 dogn chia trong 1 nhip Y 1 Spake sens ndlcks oon o> sofas one LAMP 1Néu mun nhdp kich thuée cho khung khong déu nip va déu ting thi chi cin nbap s6 ting, s6 nhip va chon Use Custom Grid sau dé chon Edit Grid IF Pesan o cone Wall (Tuéng) Shirai PoE «asics. om Sr (so dogn chi theo Z) ue re cao I dogn ? ‘Néu musn chia kich thede cho tuémg Khéng déu nhau th chi can nhip s6 dogn chia X-Z va chon Use Custom Grid sau dé chon Edit Grid Rane men ~ Trang 19Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 Flat Slab (Két cu sin); (Sé dogn ghia thep ¥}, ——(Chity rong | doen ¥> (Chido ong di hip X)_|_ (Chibrng ai nip Y) ‘Néu mun chia kich thade cho sin khéng déu nhau thi chi cn nhip s6 dogn chia X-Y va chon Use Custom Grid sau d6 chon Edit Gri Ee ome i. ‘Shell (Két céu vo méng): C6 7 dang: Tru tron xoay (Cylinder); Méi cong (Barrel Shell); Mai cong lign tue nhigu nhip (Multi-bay Cylindrical Shell); Vé Hyperbol-Parabol (Hyperbolic Paraboloid); Vé cau (Partial Sphere); ‘Cham cau (Spherical Dome); Paraboloid Dome (Vom Parabol), ligu cin chon ___ Palani Defrtion Staircases (clu thang): C6 3 dang: Cau thang 1 vé, 2 vé va cdu thang xodn fu thang | sce net sd YurbstSiies FSB Satta Chis cao letterswun x ELL ~ ssitestram FSP rigitoeivitn x< RL ~ tiga sts TO water FW su.” SW vostehseien FSKich thude t6i da 1 doan Pasamatiic Deft Locate Dig. a I Gite a ~ Trang 20-Tai tigu hcing din Sap 2000 - V10.01 FC hg 2 ae Yurte(S0ie FSS ting Saved» -Chifa cao ting teltetvin i FLLW"astoetieh SPL agiLomrwitn ss F-REW" Orn Stas [TOW Seiwa’ “SWI Sawant FSW Movstshseny [I Kich thude ti da 1 doan chia Pasamatiic Deft Loco Din. u ‘Smet opine es ow 1 Peskants a F Ome oe ia FL au ‘du thang xo: [fous Satie FF (Goedin TH) S4eAr 18 Foe cub T2) wpgnees op gots ast 8 doan chia theo 86 doan chia the trate’? Fda Kink mgt use Ban th nga Tearowts Tong chigu cao) = Renate IF Gite Storage Structures (Két cfu bé chita, sild). a Underground Concrete (Két cau ngam). | Solid Models (Két edu khéi). ‘Cable Bridges (CAu treo). P. | Caltrans-BAG (Goi chwong trinh nh§p sé ligu cau Bridge Analysis Generator). ~ Trang 21 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 3. Diu chinh hé lwéi : Define > Coordinate Systems/Grids mot dudng luéi Bridge Wizard (Huéng din tig buée nhdp dir ligu két edu edu), Ao) Pipes and Plates (Goi chwong trinh nh§p dit ligu cho két cdu dng va tam), (hoae kich déi vio : myc dich dé diéu chinh hé luéi hién tai theo yéu cdu, cé thé khai bao thém céc dudng luéi méi hose xod cde dutng hadi khng c&n thi ine Grid Data Owe LuGi X sym texte inaleGrid Syters a, Chon Modify/Show System dé xem hole diéu chinh cc Iuéi cia he toa a9 chung Aue alsyien b. Chon Add New System dé Khai béo thém he toa d@ méi ngoai hé toa d6 tng thé Sysam Name (1 TT Fant =) Gil Odes | ete | Wabi eae cagcame | a [HE thay i gir ote ang aan hing Boke 7 copy ching pate ng dupe ode Sm oes | | bas Lui Y. Sie Si Ts Tam [ERT eae) | Octo Sere < Shae Sa [Néu du chin: Toad fing lui chon Ondinates ° oo st Fee | ndestit tne Khodncich 0 hui chon Spacing bates [I mee Lus 3 facie ae =) | —testtepemtcee_| tee es tte © Fina Shan Ere ~ Trang 22-Tai ligu huéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 4. Xo cic d6i tuong thira : Chon nhiing déi tuong cin xo, bim phim Del trén ban phim d8 xoa cée d5i rong durge chon. Khéng thé xod déc lap mét nat néu nat dé 14 nit cua mét phan tr ndo dé con Iai, Khi xod ede phan tir thi ede nit khéng e6n noi véi phn tir ndo nita sé bj xod Iudn dii khong duge chon. 5. Vé thém cdc déi twgng : Khi vé nén dat géc nhin 2D a. Vé diém Draw > Draw Special Joint * b. Vé thanh bing 2 diém Draw > Draw Frame/Cable ©. Vé nhanh thanh Draw > Quick Draw Frame/Cable 4. Vé nhanh thanh giing Draw > Quick Draw Braces e. Vé nhanh dim phy Draw > Quick Draw Secondary Beams f. Vé tim tir gide hode tam gidc Draw > Draw Quad Area og ¢. Vé nhanh tim chir nhgt Draw > Draw Quad Area h. Vé nhanh tim nim tring véi 6 l6i Draw > Quick Draw Area = 6. Higu chinh déi twong : a. Chinh dang hinh hoc : Draw -> Set Reshape Element Mode © b, Sao chép, cat, din déi tong : Edit > Copy, Cut, Paste «. Clit ngin/kéo dai thanh : Edit > Trim/Extend Frames Chon cfc thanh edn edt hod kéo dai, chon nit dau than cia thanh bj eit hode kéo vé phi ko, chgn céc thanh lim durémg cit hoge duémg dén, thy hign Ignh, chon Trim néu muén cat, Extend néu mun kéo di. 4. Chia nhé thanh : Edit > Divide Frames Chon cée thanh cn chia, thye hign lénh chia nhé, khai béo sé Iueng va ty 1é chigu dai thanh cudi/thanh dau, hog chia béi giao diém cia nhimg thanh va mit duge chon. ¢. Néi cae thanh : Edit > Join Frames ‘Chon cdc than can néi (phai thiing hang va lién tuc) thye hign lénh ndi, f. Chia nhé tim : Edit > Mesh Areas Chon eae tim ean chia, thye hign Ténh chia nhé, khai bao s6 Ing chia theo phuong 1 va 2 (hé toa 49 dia phuomg), hoge chia bi nhimg mit duge chon trén cdc bién (s6 luong nit tren 2 bién doi dign phai bing nhau), hode chia bing cdc dudmg Ludi. g. Can chinh vj tri mit : Edit > Align Points . Chon eée mit edn chinh cho thing hang, thye hign 1énh, chon tog d X, hode Y, hoe Z dé ede mit 46 nha gi tri toa d6 méi. ‘hh. Tach phan tir Edit > Disconnect “6 mét s6 trang hgp, cde phan tir c6 céc nat tai cing mot vi tri nhumg khOng lién két véi mhaw (mae dinh cdc phan tir sé lién két cimg véi nhau tai cde nit chung). Do 46 edn thye hign lénh nay dé téch phan ti khong edn lién két véi phin hé edn lai, phin t sau Khi téch s& o6 mit méi tring véi nat chung ci nhung khéng lién két véi nate. Chon phan tir va nét tai vi tri can tach, thyee hign lénh, i, N6i lai nhimng phan tir da tich : Edit > Connect Neuge vai lénh Disconnect, chon phan tir va mit tai vi tri cd néi Iai, thyc hign lénh. j. Nhn ban cae phin tir: Edit > Replicate ‘Chon phan tir cn nhan ban, thye hign lénh. Chon kiéu phat sinh : theo duémg thang (Linear), theo duémg trin (Radial) hode ddi xing (Mirror) Dang dung thing : khai béo sé gia khoang eéch X, Y, Z; s6 lugng nhin ban thém; cée dic tinh duge nhan ban cing d6i tuong (tai trong, tiét dign ...). ~ Trang 23 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 Dang dung trin : khai béo truc xoay song song véi truc X hoe Y hoge Z hose duénig thing trong Khéng gian; toa d6 true xoay hode toa d6 2 diém ciia truc xoay; s6 long nhin ban them; gia s6 gée; cde die tinh duge nhin ban eiing d6i tuong, Dang déi ximg : khai bao mit phing d6i ximg li mat phing song song véi trye Z. (cin khai béo doan thing giao tuyén cia mat déi xtmg voi mat XY); hode song song véi true X (can Khai bao doan thing giao tuyén cia mat déi ximg véi mit YZ); hode song song véi truc Y (cin khai béo dogn thing giao tuyén cla mat déi xing véi mat XZ) hoge mat di xtmg 14 mt mat phing trong khong gian duge xc dinh bing toa d@ 3 diém ciia mat di ximg; dng thai chon cée dic tinh duge nhan bin cing d6i tuong, , ‘ Do vige nhan ban ¢6 thé sao chép cd ce dic tinh ciia 461 tuong nbu tiét dién, lién két, tai trong vw. nén ¢6 thé sau khi gan cdc dc tinh cho d6i twong xong ta méi thy hign nhén bin dé don gidn k, Thém mét bd phiin cia hg tir két edu mu trong Sap : Edit > Add to Model From Template , . . Tuong tw nhu khi tao méi md hinh bing céc két cu mau, chi khée la két cdu mau duoe da them vao trong hé hign tai 7. Gain, sira lign két cho nuit : Assign > Joint > Restraints ** hoje Springs * Chon cde mit cn gén/sira lién két, thye hién lénb. . . . Lign két cig (Restraint) : khai béo phuong lién két : chuyén vi thing (translation) 123, chuyén vi xoay (rotation) 123 ‘Néu gi xién céin khai béo lai hé toa 46 dja phuong cia nat : Chon nit, Assign > Joint > Local ‘Axes: khai bdo cde ge xoay Z, Y', X" (Xem thém muc 2 trang 15) . . Lign két dan héi (Spring) : khai béo d6 cig cia lién két theo cdc phuong chuyén vj thai (Granslation) 123 hoe XYZ, chuyén vj xoay (rotation) 123 hoge XYZ. Don vj d6 eimg la Lye/ehi ai néu 1a d6 cding chuyén vj thang; Momentradian néu li d6 img chuyén vi xoay. 8. Gan, stra lién két cho thanh : ‘Chon cc thanh fin gdn/siza lign két, thye hign len. Lign két din hoi“ (tuong ty dim trén nén din hdi) : Assign > Frame/Cable > Line Springs, khai bo phuong cia g6i dn hoi (theo hé tog 49 dia phuong 123 cua thanh), khai bio a cimg cia lién ét (dom vj Lycichidu dai?) Giai phong lign két tai déu thanh "(ign két gita thanh va nat) ; Assign > Frame/Cable > Releases Partial Fiity, chon du thanh va pdt lve edn gi phon (hromg img v6t lien két duye gi phéng), khai bao 46 citng din hoi cua lién két than véi nit (= 0 néu giai phong hodn tod). F 9, Gan, sira lign két cho tim : Assign > Area > Area Springs *% (twong ty td trén nén din hoi) Chon eée tém cin gén/sita lién két, thye hign lénh. Khai bao mit tigp xie voi nén din hdi (hy hiéu cde mat xem hin trang J1,thung Tién Ket dan hoi tiép ic tm tai mat 5 Td mt dud cia td, phuong din hoi (true 3 néu tim tiét xe véi nén theo phuong vudng géc véi mat phing tim), 46 cig. iia nén (don vi Lycichigu dai) 10. Thiét lap cach xem so dd hé - xem hé duéi dang 3D, ding cée phim mdi tén trén ban phim 48 xoay hinh - ‘@ * : xem hé dudi dang 2D theo cdc mit phing XY, XZ, YZ. Ding cae biéu tuyng * 2 48 gi chuyén mit phing nhin dén cée mite ludi khéc nhau. ~ Trang 24-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 - *® (Object Shrink Toogle) : xem hé duéi dang cdc phan tir co ngin/khéng co ngin. (Xem sthém trang 23) - © (Set Display Option) : thiét dit céc tity chon hin thi sord3. (Xem thém trang 24) + Label : thé hign tén déi tuong trén so a8, + Restraints : thé hign cc lién két géi. + Spring : thé hign cdc lién két dan hii. , + Local Axes : thé hign tryc toa d6 dia phuong ciia déi tugng trén so dd (truc I: d6; true 2 tring; true 3 : xanh). + Invisible : khéng tréng thay, nhung c6 thé chon duge. + Not in view : dn, khéng thé hign trén so dé, khong thé chon duge. + Sections : thé hit so d6 hé, ten tit dig t + Releases : thé hién ky higu gidi phng lién két dau thanh trén so do. - ® ; Rubber Band Zoom ; dng chugs phéng to mot ving tén so dB - © : Restore Full View : khéi phye tr lai trang th xem todn b@ he - ® : Restore Previous Zoom : khi phye tr Iai trang théi zoom ngay truée dé - 2 ® 200m in, Zoom out : Phéng to, thu nhé so dé hé theo timg cdp. Méi cp duge khai ‘bao trong Options > Preferences > Dimensions/Tolerances > Auto Zoom Step. = TV. pan: ding chudt di chuyén khung nhin dé xem ede vi tri khée cia hé. ~ Trang 25 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 BAI TAP THC HANH SO 1 1, Yéu cau thyc hign lai cdc hé théng thanh Menu File, Edit, Select, View ... 06 trong tai ligu. 2. Ding Sap2000 v10.01 vé lai cdc so dé sau: - soon - : \ 3 g om g g | a - g g | | ca g Sadi 2 - 00 - G 7 g g aH Hower —S ~ Trang 26-Tai ligu hwitng déin Sap 2000 - V10.01 1800 _ 2120 __ 2000 2250 4X1000 Sodis 5100 ooo ~ ee 3600 2600 290 4200 210 2100 4200 4500 ~ Trang 27 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 II. Khai bao cac thude tinh ctia hé : myc dich khai bao, dinh nghia cdc thudc tinh cua hé u, tit dign, 16 hop ... , mot sé dic trumg ding dé gan tinh chat cho cde déi tugng, 1. Khai bao ee théng sé lam vige a. Chon may in va dinh dang trang in: File > Print Setup for Graphics Ps’ Chon may in Preferences > Dimensions/Tolerances Khoing cich 1 idu hi nbap 36 gu nba 2 nite Khong eich gin hon syn) ior tees (TAREE “pas Pham vi sis Kh bim chu chon 461 emg DintstePess RT can (cing ahd cdg phi Lich chut enh xo mt hon dye db wome) PinfreGisSpeng EE nde Pain of bi dah (Kh con xb cht dén Pinlainvele (TE le dism bit dian trong phar vi nay s€ dave it “| din vio digm bt dh Some act Teeaee alt fcoeeoreones | [z _ ‘Chiba diy née ign én man inh (Seren) Scomlbetisowe ons} a vatrta lyin Prats) Phiten as tt va oho at, Khi Sap hia th Min ictaasin a pik td tren so db bing o@ chit rong git iin igtetntsiz [F—— por fan ay Atti en To Preferences > Steel Frame Design 4, Chon tiéu chudn thiét ké két céu bé tong cét thép : Options > Preferences > Concrete Frame Design e. Thiét Ip céch thé hign mau trén man hinh va trén may in : Options > Color -> Display (mau thé hign cia déi twgng) hodic Output (mau thé hign ciia biéu dd) ~ Trang 28 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 Dinlat ul | ations I mnths = “Bias Boe a = satfufaei | 2 chen a a se [FI tugng ln thay Safad = ‘déi mau va dat ‘Soki Facet Sod 15 | isn aires ee) Nahin ate | pee | =Méy in den tring | 6 Slr | May in ma (7 Use Coot Fever (Brashiox) conc ‘Chon Reset Defaults néu muén ding miu mie dinh cia Sap TW, Ghgn Ue Color Printer a mgy i ot dng fh ‘may in miu, néu ding may in den tring thi bé chon ‘te uu me Bind ni ge Tim |r teen inn vn : — i Dganht Biéu dé ndi Ie Thanh — SS a owe 7 Gum 8 . —— Chon a8 tong —=— ha thay — racers ‘a iti nba = = Protte F — oie igs | 1 Chon id FT navaoeioea OSAP] Sah — fs | May in den tring eae oe Sai | My in in as date I Rec re coat hon Reset Defaults ns ing ie ih ca Sap Tb, Ch as Cole Printer ay to dng méy in miu, néu ding may in den tring thi b6 chon Cae so dé va biéu dé néi lye nén duge in véi mdy in mau, truéng hop in bing méy in den tring cin thyc hign ede bude sau dé nét vé duge dim: = Trong phin Display: Chon thiét bj 1a Printer, bé chon Uses Color Printer, chon céc d6i tuong Points (Diém), Frames - Cables - Tendons (Thanh), Spring/NLLinks - Restraints - Releases (Lién két), Text (Chit) chuyén sang mau den, ‘rong phn Output: Chon thiét bj 1a Printer, b chon Uses mye Negative chuyén sang mau den. Néu ding Ignh bat hinh dé chen sang Word hoje cée chong trinh khéc (Lénh Ctrl-Shift-U), dé hinh duege dm eting lim nhw trén nhung chon thiét bi la Seren. Color Printer, chon myc Positive va ~ Trang 29-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 2. Dic trung vat ligu Define > Materials Sap2000 c6 sin 6 loai vat ligu : nhom (ALUM), thép hinh dp ngudi (CLDFRM), bé t6ng, (CONC), bit ky (OTHER), cét thép (REBAR) va thép (STEEL). C62 cdch dé khai béo vat ligu trong Sap: = Ding loai vat ligu c6 sin r8i hiéu chin céc thng s6 dic trang (thuéng ding), ~ Khai bao mdi | loai vat ligu bang cach nh§p tat ca cdc théng s6 dic trang. 1. Chon loai vit ligu tuong img va chen Modify/Show Material 43 higu chinh cic théng s6 dic trmg 2. Chon Add New Material d& khai bio thém loai vat ligu méi, Dota Cr Mates Nome inc de — Tipect Maes Tipe Owen & Ischosio © Oithatenic Desin I J ¢ © et driv Pendse Théng s6 phin tich toi Fecevbao(Ovee2m ThOng o6 thidtké Khdi luong rng p Mois eurevoine Eat Carnie Steg cide sk [STEER Ca chiu nén BT fe Trong hegng réng w Weert wim = SerdegFentteisienstk [BIRO C9 chiu kéo CT fy Modun dis héi Zobel Eien FEM Stwaeitston, he [BTETB— Cap chiu elt CT foe Hg sb Poissons Penta ee 11g s6 din ni nhigt ec Thema fiancon BES i Modun dh taxgt G Stes nese aE oven ani Pep “inept Papa a Dap pai ox taxed Shr Sh ave Dee Mass per unit Volume : Khdi long riéng, diing xc dinh khdi long ban than ca két céu dé tinh todn tin sé dao dng riéng cia hé, gid tri = trong long riéng /gia tc trong trudng (g). + Weight per unit Volume : Trong lugng riéng, ding xéc dinh trong hong cua két edu dé tinh lye tée dung do trong lurong bain than céc edu kign ‘Modulus of Blasticity : Module dan hoi cia vat ligu (E) Bé tong M.200# 06 E = 2,4.10° (kg/m’) Bé tong M.250# 06 E = 2,65.10° (kg/m’) Bé tng M.300# c6 F = 2.9.10" (kgim*) Poisson's Ratio : Hé sé Poisson, hé s6 né ngang (ji), d6i,v6i bé tng thuimg léy = 0,2 Coeff of Thermal Expansion : Hé s6 din né nhiét (a), di v6i bé tong thirimg liy = 10°, ~ Trang 30-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 + Shear Modulus : Module dan hoi trugt (G), duge tinh tir G = E/2(1+p). + fe: cudng dé chiu nén cia bé tong. Néu ding Sap dé tinh edt thép theo tigu chudn Viét nam (kér qué chi dé tham khéo) ~ N6u tinh theo tigu chun ACI 318 - 99 thi lay bang Ry/0,85. - Néu tinh theo tiéu chun CSA - A 23.3 - 94 thi ly theo bang sau Mac Béténg | 150 | 200 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 | 500 | 600 ee 90 | 10 | 130 | iss | 170 [ 21s | 250 P. (hkg/em®) | 130.39 | 182,22 | 224.40 | 267.26 | 321.85 | 355.16 | 457.85 | 540.81 + fy: eurdng dé chiu kéo cia cét thép. Néu ding Sap dé tinh cét thép theo tigu chudn Vigt nam (kér qué chi dé tham khéo) Néu tinh theo tigu chudn ACI318 - 99 thi léy bing Re. iu tinh theo tiéu chudn CSA - A 23.3 - 94 thi léy theo bing sau Loaithep | AL Al [All cL ary om Ri fkglem) | 2100 | 2700 | 3600 | 2000 | 2600 | 3400 £, eglem®) | 2470.59 | 3176.47 | 4235.29 | 2352.94 | 3058.82 | 4000.00 dt cita c6t thép. Néu ding Sap dé tinh cét thép theo tigu chudn Vigt nam (két ig Rad, 3. Dic trung tiét dign thanh Define > Frame/Cable Sections 1, Thém logi tigt dign méi dang tit dign va khai Povo hail Isto emer Teawtos VV patnena 5 faa : S}Sbule Chama mms | (sets Kk | Baloo wean ek bs Add Ande tiét dign can thém vec Aston Ning tow ie ign | J Mee athe Pape BSbBow eee Ghawgeliaibio | 4 Ness Take Pe es sn ea es wie? Bele Pepeiy | 3. Chon Add New Property dé thém 1 logi a 2 ign méi (cb hinh dang 3 chon & trén) xe Tay hinh dang tit dign (xem thém trang 7) ma ta can nhap kich thude khée nhau: vi dy tiét dién hinh chir nhat edn nh§p chidu cao va chigu rong, hinh tran c&n nhap drémg kink... Neuyén tie chung eta cd ky higu kich thud ~ts: tong chigu cao cia tiét dign. ~ ty: tng chidu rong cua tiét didn. = Ky higu fla cénh (flange) => ty chigu day bin cdnh - Ky higu'w li sum (web) => ty li chigu day suén - Ky higu 2 la canh dudi (bottom) => ty 1a chidu rng canh dudi tit dig. ~ Ky higu ¢ 18 canh trén (top) = ty 1 chigu rong canh trén tiét dign. 4, Dac trung tiét dign tim Define > Area Sections ~ Trang 31 -Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 L. Chon loai phan tt Scien Sele eco pe Toh ‘soximwane FCT [scl in tong quat a E zl SEMNineesdag | PR HE em ouiycae Nhing tit dign CO» Apt Phd tk xi tom Chom Tog phi tit tim da khai bio ide ect { Shletle Tim mang, khi hl 1/5 ‘iC Sein © Sot-thek Tim diy, kb bl > 1/5 WesbrSiuseain. | Jogi mi C Fle-Tha Tém sin ming, ki hl < 1/5 en © Pm Tam sin dy, hi > 15 ——Betsecton © Montane Tam tuomg. | =| Yaz! Chon logi v@t ligu Massie [exc 3] Maciaarge 7=—— ‘hisress-Khai béo chidu day Mertione Chiu diy ming fi Bering Chidudayubn FE | ies repens] 5, Khai béo cdc trurong hop tai trong Define > Load Cases Bude nay chi khai béo truée tén cia cée truémg hop tai trong c6 trong bai todn phan tich va he sé trong lugng ban than, cht chua khai béo gid tr tai trong hig sb trong = Ign ban thin cts Ten reine hap ti Logi an ainwtane | 2. Chon Add nu ruighor ti Lg una be thee mh 1.Nhip di lige EAD fre Wotiytoi | Modify néu muén I — St chinh tang . fo he & Cae wing 4 |e Mi i ve Ba) | eT hp tai dang chon. hp ti trong da khai bio + — M&i mét trudng hop cé mét hé s6 trong Ing ban than, ding dé khai béo tai trong thém vao cée phin tir do trong lrgng ban than. . + Phan tir thank: tai trong phan bé déu téc dung thém vio do trong Iugng ban than = hé sé trong luong bin than * trong long rigng vat ligu w (da khai béo trong die trung vat ligu) * dign tich tiét dign (tinh tir kich thudc tiét dign da khai bo trong dic trung tiét dign thanh) + Phin tir tim : tai trong phn bé déu tac dung thém vao do trong long bin thin trong long ban thin * trong long riéng vat ligu w (da Khai béo trong de trang vat ligu) * chiéu day tiét dign (da khai béo trong dae trmg tiét dién tim) ~ Trang 32-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 Tai trong nay cé chiéu huéng xuéng va téc dung vao tat ca cae déi tugng trong hé véi cing mét hg s6 trong long ban thn, néu muén khai béo tai trong do trong Intong ban than chi tée dung vio mot s6 phan tir trong mé hinh hode khai béo hé s6 trong Iugng ban thin ciia mdi déi tung méi khéc thi phai diing tai trong dang gravity (sé dé cp trong phan dit tai trong vao hé) 6. Khai béo céc truong hgp phan tich Define > Analysis Cases = or a a Cie ming | Nona Medal, ‘Adk Coew of Cara. momnatl{ ER | Ww ce eee = ee eerie wicca —/me fo, 9 e tetecaee Show hoa Care Te, ‘Tuong img mdi traimg hop tai trong 66 mét trudmg hop phan tich, tradmg hap phan tich ding hai bio logi phan tich v6i travmg hop tai trong lé phan tich tinh, phan tich dng, phan tich tuyén tinh, phan tich phi tuyén ...Mac dinh, Sap2000 ty thém mét truémg hgp phan tich dng MODAL. Néu bai oan khéng cin phan tich dng thi cé thé xod truémg hop phan tich MODAL dé khi chay chuong trinh tinh sé nhanh hon, 7. Khai béo cic té hgp tii trong Define > Combinatio Khai béo thém hoi chinh stra cc t3 hgp da cé. ontratone et Chon Add New néu —Aaaten Conte | oud thé t8 hep moi 4 _—teahisrew Corte | Chon Modify néu muén thay 18 hop dang aeecorte | dbité hep dang chon chon. 4 Cie 18 hyp 6a Ikhai béo Trong $ap2000 e6 4 logi 16 hep * Logi ADD. * Logi ENVE * Logi ABS: Cng gif tri tuyét di * Logi SRSS — : Ly can bac 2 ca ting ede binh phuong Vidu C6 5 truong hop tai trong : TT1; TT2; TT3; TT4; TTS. -Gid tri moment tai K: Mg do TTI 18 23,5 ~ Gi tri moment ti K: Mx do T2138 :-4,0 ~ Gid tr} moment tai K: Mg do TT3 18: 5,0 tri moment tgiKK :MxdoTT4 1a: 4,5 = Gid tr) moment tai K: Mx do TTS 182-30 ‘Néu khai bao 16 hgp 1 18 kiéu ENVE cia 3 thinh phin TT1; 0,9*TT2; 0,9*TT3: ~ Trang 33-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 C6 thé viét: THI = ENVE (TTI; 0.9*TT2; 0.9*TT3) => Mx = ENVE (3.5: 0.9%-4.0; 0.9%5.0) ta sé duge Mx min ela THI = -3.6 va Mx max cia THI = 4.5 Néu khai bao 16 hop 2 1a t6 hop kiéu ADD cia 3 thanh phan TT4; TTS; THI ‘TH2 = ADD (TT4; TTS; THI) > Mx = ADD (45; -3.0; -3.6+4.5) ta sé duge Mx min ela TH2 =-2.1 va Mx max cha TH2 = 6.0 [Khai bao cde thinh phan va kiéu t6 hop Response Combination None i 1. Dat tén 6 hop Cmboain tos [Leswaae =] 2. Chon kidu t6 hop iim Ctra line Rene ete Stale 3. Nh§p di ligu cia timg 8 ee GeeTine _- SbF S188 than phn trong 6 hop — 4. Chon Add néu-muén Cie than on PR brea #44 |them thank phin méi, trong té hop Wea» |Modify hode Delete néu ‘Thanh phn dang chon wea oan dita chsh boge Xa Deese | thanh phan dang chon. EQ tee 8, Khai bao each xde djnh khdi long trong mé hinh Define > Mass source Lam ¥ ring khdi hong ding cho myc dich tinh dao dng cia mo hinh, cdn trong Iugng va tai trong la lye tae dung vao mé hinh nén 2 khai niém nay la khéc nhau, va mye dich sir dung cing khée nhau, Tuy niga c6 thé tinh duge Khéi Itong ti trong hong va lue. Do d6 Sap2000 ké tir V8 da cung cdp mt tuy chon dé xd dinh khéi lugng cla mé hinh: Define Mae Sores, ___ a. Tir khdi lugng cia bin thin eée phan tir va cde khéi lugng dat thém vio hé. ass Onto », Tir tdi trong tac dung ca cée trudng hop tai (chia Fam Ere setae © Fm boats (Fo Emo arlene acer an Lon gia tée trong trang). Céc trudmg hop tai e6 thé edng véi nhau sau khi nhan hé s6 ty Ig. (Nén ding cach nay) Vi du: theo TCVN khi tinh tan s6 dao déng ‘Del ss di or Lass riéng dé tinh thanh phin déng cia tai trong gid: can lay wo khGi lwgng hg = kh6i lung tuong img véi trang hop tinh a tdi + 50% khéi lugng tong img cia trudg hop hoat tdi — dimg téc dung ©. Tit khéi lugng dit thém vio hé va tir tdi trong (Khong xét khdi Iuong bin than cée phan ti) ~ Trang 34-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 BAITHYC HANHSO2 | . . a 1. Thyc hanh lai menu Define gbm: Khai bio vat liu, khai béo tiét dign phn tir thanh, phan tir tim, hai bdo thay déi tiét dign, khai bdo tai trong dong 2. Vé dug anh huéng chuyén vi, phan lye, ndi luc (M, N, Q) tai vi tri K khi cho P= 1 di déng. P=1 1 ' K 1 6000.) i 1000 L 1000 } Sub Pol 7200 S000 st 20000 fy 24000 i ~ Trang 35~Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 IIL. Gén cdc dc trung va tai trong cho h@, chay chong trinh phan tich: ue dich khai béo cfc tinh chat ciia céc déi twong va tai trong tae dung vao he. Trude khi thyc hign 1gnh cin phai chon di twong. Sau khi hodn thanh mé hinh tién hanh phan tich két cdu d8 xée dinh chuyén vi, phan Iie, n6i lu, dao dng .. 1. Gan de tinh cho mit. (Cén chon mit trvéc khi tec hién lénh) a. Rang bude (constraint): Assign > Joint > Constraints = oS [Dissage =]1. Chon kidu rang bude bs i 2. Chon Add dé thém msi ae ode Modify dé diluching wesytnvcran..| || Bq fo Da ort Ei x | toot Nén chon phuong ring bude [8 Auto. b. Khéi lrgng gan thém vio mit : Assign > Joint > Mass # Khi tinh dao dong, néu tai cdc nut 06 thém khéi lrgng tap trung > can khai bao gia tr] cia khdi Iugng tp trung thém vao tai nit. Trong cde version tir Sap v8 tré di, vige khai bio khdi luong cho ede mit thudmg it duge sit dang vi Sap cé kha ning ty tinh duge khéi luong dé dua vé nat bing céch khai béo Mass source 2. Gan dic tinh cho thanh. (Can chon thank trucée khi thee hién lénh) . is ion 2 a. Tiét dign : Assign > Frame/Cable > Section = ent a ere Peey os Feth scets Trt is Fae =] 1. Chon tét dign || Be ewer =| 9. Neu can unde 8 gan cho thanh = a te din méi bing cach chon hinh dang tiét Mestre Peper dign cin Add va chon Add New 8 khai béo kich thuée 8 ja phuong : Assign > Frame/Cable > Local Axes 1Néu hé toa dé cita thanh kha hé tog d mite dinh, can khai bo goc xoay ia he toa 6. ¢. Dao chigu true 1 cia hg tog d> dja phuong : Assign > Frame/Cable > Reverse Connectivity _ Chon cde tinh chat cia thanh nhu tai trong ... duge gitt nguyén theo truc dia phuong hay truc tong thé: ~ Trang 36-Tai ligu hwéng déin Sap 2000 - V10.01 d. Gan doan ctrng dau thanh : Assign > Frame/Cable > End offset ** Tai cdc nit, ede thanh giao nhau tao nén mét ving eitng, do d6 chiéu dai uén cia thanh gidm di. Lénh nay ding dé khai bio kich thuée ving giao giita thanh dang xét véi cfc thanh khic va d6 cting tuong déi (tir 0 + 1, nén chon <0,5)eua ving giao a6, ¢. Khai béo dim chén cia thanh vao mé hinh : Assign > Frame/Cable > Intesertion Point Mie dinh, cdc thanh duge mé hinh bing dudng true th tri ciia truc thanh so v6i durémg line duge m6 hinh trén so d6. th, tuy nhién ngudi sir dung c6 thé thay vi CornalFort 10 tet “=|. Chon diém chudn trén thanh 17 Mert Lac? et fa adda 4. Betomiot 2 Bonen cane Cane f= & Sten tt) __tnsy_2. Khai bo khoang céch & waco, 10 io léch tir diém nit trén so 7. Top left pe tin én idm chun & Top carwe eye c trén thanh (tinh theo hg eal 3 i toa dé dia phuong) 411 Shear center Tr Dorattaniem tana sss 3. Néu chon Do not lle em cock khi tinh toan ndi lye sé Fess! Defaults Khéng xét dén dé lech tam. Coed | f. Khai bao sé diém xudt nGi lye: Assign > Frame/Cable > Output Stations Khai béo s6 diém xuat ndi luc hog khodng céch t6i da gitta cée diém xuat ndi luc dng th tai cae vj ti e6 gidn doan ngi Ie do Ive tap rung hofe vi tri giao nhau véi ede phan tr kh Khi xudt ndi luc ra file hode ra bing, chi c6 ndi lye tai ede diém xudt méi duge thé hign trong bing. Néu s6 diém edng nhiéu > eang xem duge chi tét ndi lye trong thanb, nhumg file két qua cng lém va s6 ligu xi Ig nhieu, phite tap, $6 diém nay eting anh huéng dén biéu 46 bao ndi Iwe, sé diém cang nbidu, biéu dd bao ndi lye cng min, cing chinh xéc; nhumg kh6ng nh huéng dén bigu dd n6i le. n thém vio thanh : Assign > Frame/Cable> Line Mass = g. Khéi lrgng Khi tinh dao dng, néu trén céc thanh c6 thém khéi lung phan bé > can khai bao gid tri cia khéi Iugng phan bé thém vio tai thanh Trong cdc version tir Sap v8 tré di, vie khai béo khéi lugng cho cdc thanh thudng ft duge sir dung vi Sap c6 kha ndng ty tinh duge kh6i Iugng dé dua vé nat bing céch khai bdo Mass source way ra = 0. Néu nhigt d6 két cdu thay déi so véi nhigt d nay, sé dn dén trong hé xuat hién thém img suat do mbit. ~ Trang 37-Tai ligu hwcitng déin Sap 2000 - V10.01 Khai béo vige ty dng chia nhd thanh : Assign > Frame/Cable > Automatic Frame Subdivide ‘Trong bai ton tinh dao dng: khéi long téc dung trén thanh duge dén vé céc nuit, do d6 mudn tinh duge dang dao déng vong cia thanh ta cin chia nho thanb thanh ede dogn, va khdi lugng sé dén vé cée niit chia nam dge theo than, sinh ra dang dao ding theo phurong dimg ca thanh, Trong bai todn tinh dim trén g6i twa din hoi (Line spring): d@ etmg ciia géi tya doc thanh duge dén vé cdc nit, do dé muén tinh thanh dit tiép xGc lién tuc véi nén ta can chia nhé thanh thanh cdc doan, va d6 cimg géi dén vé cde nat chia nim doe theo thanh, xem nhur gin ding la tiép xtc lién tue voi thanh, rong bai toan tinh hé vita o6 thanh, vita o6 tm, va tim lién kétlién tue doc than, ta cing pha chia thanh thin cée doan twong ting véi s6 doan chia cua tim dé tim va thanh chung nau nit, va 6 chin 18 nhimg diém lign két gia tim va thanh, xem gin ding dé la lign két lign tue gitta thanh va tim © Moku Sitsviin 6 sew tacitne immedi Tick il ny sinh rong uk ah nh on Eelastet "a "F Thing ton 7 aime Tigi Gi i ce tah he 7 MirewanMunbs ol Segene SO doan chia toi thiéu 1 MauraLart oScnene Chidu dai ti da cua 1 dogn chia Chon sin tiétdign, thu hign lénh, chon tiét dign cd gin > OK b. HG toa d9 dja phwong : Assign > Area > Local Axes ®% Néu hé toa d6 cia tim khée hé toa d me dinh, clin khai bao géc xoay cla hé toa d6. €. Dio chiéu tryc 3 ctia hg toa 49 dja phurong : Assign > Area > Reverse Local 3 Lénh nay sé lim dao chiéu mat trén va mat dudi cia tim. , Chon ede tinh chat cua tim nhu tai trong... duge git theo truc dia phuong hay truc ting thé 4. Khdi lurgng gan thém vio tim : Assign > Area> Area Mass © Khi tinh dao dng, néu trén eéc tim e6 thém khéi long phiin b6 > edn khai bio gid tj eta khdi Iugng phan bé thém vao tai tim. | Trong céc version tir Sap v8 tr di, vie khai béo khéi long cho céc tim thudng it durge sir dung vi Sap c6 kha ning tyr tinh duge khéi lugng dé dura vé nit bang each khai bao Mass source ¢. Khai bao nhigt d cia thanh : Assign > Area> Material Temperature Khai bao nbigt 46 img voi img suat trong két cdu do nhiét gay ra = 0, Néu mhiét d6 két cdu thay déi so véi nbigt d6 nay, sé din dén trong hé xuat hign thém img suat do niet. £. Khai béo vige ty dng chia nhé tim : Assign > Area > Automatic Area Mesh Theo ly thuyét phuong phép phan tir hitu hen, céc phan tit trong hé la nhimg phan tit roi rac chi lién két véi nhau théng qua céc diém mut, do dé khi tinh phan tir tim, can chia nho tam thanh nhiéu tam ho, cdc tim nh lién két véi nhau tai céc diém chia, va do d6 duge xem gin ding nhu mét pl lign tue ~ Trang 38-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 © Noadobeding tuo est Ts Mabe of Een l Khai béo sé kegng phin tir con ti thiéu tn 2 canh (7 AdotedAlntoEenms of Tht Maman Se . i Khai bio kich thuée ti da cua phan tis con theo 2 phuong, 4, Dt nguyén niin téc dung vao nut. trong t§p trung : Assign > Joint Loads > Forces ** 1. Chon truréng hop tai cAn dit tai trong nt — | = Lead Care Mame les 3. Khai bio gi tr ti trong: | Foeebtba = Lye tp tung FX, FY, 2. Chon phuong dit lye theo =] 108 46 dia phuong hay ting thé Fee Gian FZ, vio aun = Moment tap trung MX, { faeeShbs2 ie © Audis Esty Loale = MY, MZ (theo chigu vin nit | Menevebassisa [a Fapkortminaloae | 4. Civ Iya chon chai) Mowe said FC Dunaceorgion | Thém vio ti trong 46 = Thay thé ti trong Seeeel Cat - Xod tai trong da c6. 1 b. Chuyén vj curdng bite tai g6i tya : Assign > Joint Loads > Displacements ~* Chon ede nat ©6 li két 263, thy hign Igo, céch nbép sé ligu gidng trén Cha ¥: chi c6 chuyén vi cuég bite theo phurong ctia lién két goi thi méi c6 tac dung, 5, Gin nguyén nan tic dyng cho thanh. ‘ii trong do trong Iugng ban than : Assign > Frame Loads > Gravity ‘Tai trong nay duoc xac dinh te trong Iwong riéng cia vat 1. Chon trursng hop tai cn dat tai trong ligu, dign tich cia tiet dign va ¥ a Load cae ane iho = cée hé s6 trong Iugng bin than = me me duge khai bio 6 diy. Khing F | m2. Chon phone dit Tve theo he nhu hé s6 trong lwong ban than [aka tos d6 dja phuomg hay tong thé khi khai bio trémg hgp tai Bia «te trong (Self weight Muliplier - c tibet Trang 56), be s6 tai trong may, fe 1 fapheaEdsralonl 4 Coo Iga chon: 6 thé duge gan riéng cho timg be bso | Dalle Eire Load thanh vi theo cde phuong khie $2. ane? “tye nl cée phuon, E cael xa haw peng Ee Xi. ~ Trang 39Tai ligu hwing dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 b. Tai trong t§p trung tac dung trén thanh : Assign > Frame Loads > Point + ‘Méi Lin thye hign Iénh 6 thé gan t6i da 4 lye hoJe moment tap trung vao thanh. Tai trong tap trung duge xée dinh béi ede thong s6 + Lye hay Moment + Phuong tai trong xée dinh theo hé dia phuong hay téng thé + Chigu cia ti tong (tuy theo hé tog d6 duge chon & trén), mic din Ia gravity # -Z + Khodng céch tr diém du thanh dn diém dt lye (m6 ti trong of m8 khosng céch) C6 2 cach tinh khoding edch Nati Nit j - Khoaing cach tuong déi (Relative): = all yf - Khoang cach tuyét déi (Absolute): = a + Gil tr ti trong tai ede vj ti tong ting 1. Chon trudng hgp tai can dit tai trong oad Caso Name mat amt] Hoatl a Load Cae Tat ne tos pine 0 2.Lye hay Moment “far omen || F hobo an 7. Ge Wa chon: 3. Chon phwong tt trong theo corte [BIBL =] Fase Ennghene Thay ind hhé toa 46 dia phuong hay tong th piesen [Gay =] | | DobleEnetna Lan + Xoa. mi ¢ 6 Khai bio khong 4. Chon chidu ti trong bine (J RR Nac id wh woe x we F —— & —— BJ} mi in thy ign Ion it duge ti da 4 tdi trong tip trung) x 6 heb titectonEndl CSc Cites omni 5, Xie dinh khoding eich theo Tuong déi hay Tuyét d6i cond | ¢. Tai trong phan bé tae dung trén thanh : Assign > Frame Loads > Distributed C622 logi tai trong phan bé: i trong phan bé déu, + Tai trong phan bé dang 4 diém, . Tai trong phan bé duge xéc dinh béi cdc thong sé fe hay Moment + Tai trong LAL + Phuong tai trong xéc dinh theo hé dja phuong hay tng thé + Chidu ct tai trong (tuy theo hé tog d6 duge chon & trén), mac din la gravity # -Z, + Doi véi dang phin bé 4 diém: khai bdo khong céch va cumg dé tai wong phan bé tai 4 diém. + Oi v6i dang phan bé déu: khai bao cudng d6 tai trong phan bd, @ Natj it,| a3 L Tai trong phiin bd dang 4 diém ~ Trang 40-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 ET ‘Chon truéng hgp tai can Ano Case Name [BEAD S|) [ferme = 2.Lge hay Moment rare nom || F hatosorg et 7.Cée a chon 3. Chon phurong dt tii trong theo casssye IGEN =] || @ FdbsEssinatoad “Thay the ‘ng toa 46 dia phuong hay ting the punto [Gey =] || Dobe EwitraLonds + Xoi [sea ool Teper tosce 2 a 4 6a. Khai béo khoang bisa ie — oe — fi eich va cutmg d6 tii as IE FE fa Fe trong tai 4 digm & RebheDitncclonEndl € sonidetipmectimtt | Sa, Nae dinp khoang cach theo Tong dot hay Tuyet di tod cee | 5b-6b. Khai bao cuimg d6 tai trong phan bé déu 4. Sy thay di nhigt 4 trén thanh : Assign > Frame Loads > Temperature C63 kidu thay ddi nhigt 46 - Thay déi nhiét 46 tai truc thanh_ ~ Gradient thay di nhigt d6 theo phwong truc 2 = (nhigt 46 mit trén - nhiét dd mat dui) / chidu cao tiét dign thanh - Gradient thay d6i nhiét 46 theo phuomg truc 3 = (ahigt dS mgt +3 - nhigt db mgt -3) / chidu rng tit dign thanh Cé thé khai bao truc tigp gid tri (hode gradient) nhiét a6 hoge c6 thé Khai béo gid tri nhiét d6 duge ly theo gid tri Joint Pattern da cé * hé sé ty Ié. ‘rubng hop ail can Le Cee Home [oho 2. Chon kiéu thay di nhigt d: Oot ~Thay di déu tenwaste ahaa nie Gradient 2 © Temperature Gresik 22 © Paplace Esiroload - Thay thé nhiét dé da cd. = Gradient 3 © Tpmoti Gd 39 7 eb stra Lonts Xo nbigt 6 6. 3. Chon cach xéc dinh gid tr] Terweae hist d6: ep Ehne ~ Nhip gid ti re tiép coat + Xie inh ti gid tt} Joint - gyiariPatn Patem cia nit 6 * HE 86 418 Paton lite 6. Gan nguyén nhan tac dung cho tm. Can chon tém trie khi thie hién lénk a, Tai trong do trong Inong ban thn : Assign > Area Loads > Gravity Tai tong nay duge xic dinh tr trong long ring cia vat lig, chidu diy cia tiét digm va ede he 58 trong long ban than duge khai bio & day. Khong nhu hé sé trong long ban than khi khai béo trudmg hop tai trong (Self weight Multiplier ~ Trang 56), hé s6 tai trong nay c6 thé duge gin riéng cho timg tam theo cdc phuong khéc nhau. ~ Trang 41 -Tai ligu hwitng déin Sap 2000 - V10.01 1. Chon trudng hop Led Care [one igi can dit tai tron; =] ery Giniy oan Costin Ba Gh pong Ape hen he Ute om pho tT theo he 3, Khai bio HG (seus [7 (Gan =] | fron a6 dia phomg hay ting thé ye fee |) toa dé dia phuong hay téng th cdc phuong © Aaddto Biting Loads Local at @ miestniens | 14, Che ya chon Colartawginae | | tantei “thay the b. Tai trong phan bd déu : Assign > Area Loads > Uniform © Khai béo ti trong phan bé du tae dung trén dign tich cia tim (dom vi : Lue / Dign tich) tronj Hosts Ge Unie Lead Cote Name [DEAD 4 kame =) 2. Nhép gia tri tai phan bé ‘nar Los stent hh 1 ‘) BF toning tones 5. Cla chon: 3. Chon phuomg dit Iye theo he “4 = Thém vao véi tai trong di 6, toa d6 dia phuong hay ting thé CondSyeen [6USEAL=] Perbertwteatont TT ae ti trong da 06 Dinctin [Gey =] Oedetnihalonss "X08 tai trong di 66 4. Chon chigu ti tong corel x 7 z, c. Ap lye (chat khi, chat long) tac dung In tim : Assign > Area Loads > Surface Pressure Tai trong nay cing e6 don vj la Lye / Dign tich, tac dng theo phyong vudng gée v6i mat tim c6 chiéu duong huéng vao trong (ky higu mat: 1-6, xem trang 11). Gi tr) ap Ie c6 thé duge nhap tryc tigp hoc ding nhting gid ti cia Joint Pattern nhan vai hé s6 ty 18 1. Chon tring hop tai cn dat tai trong Ly ry Losdcasonome [ooo] fied | Ge Presa fan _— en aa 3. Chon bé mit ehju tai trong 2. Chon el ade ah git BE F (Mat 5: duéi, mat 6: trén) i trong: Oates “he ea chon: Nhip gid tritruc tiép © gyuinPatan Ceara neg ip gid i — Thm vo v4i ti trong da cb. Pate ee ty ont Paton || Resocotsinoods - Thay thé tdi trong da 6, Foy Mute | Dae Eustrglais - Xod tai trong da cé. Bing céch khai bao Joint Pattem, va gén tii trong dang ép luc véi gi tri léy tir Joint Pattern da Khai béo, vige nhép gia tr 4p Iye nude khi tinh todn cdc két edu bé nude, dai nuée khd dom gidn. ~ Trang 42-Tai ligu hwéng din Sap 2000 - V10.01 4d. Sy thay déi nhigt d6 trén tim : Assign > Area Loads > Temperature "a C62 dang nguyén nhan do thay d6i nhigt 46 ~ Thay d6i nbiét d6 tai mat trung tm cia tim ~ Gradient thay di nhigt 46 theo phuong true 3 = (nhigt 46 mgt ten - nhigt Ab mt dud) / chidu day tét din tém Cé thé khai bao truc tigp gid tri (hode gradient) nhiét a hoge c6 thé Khai béo gid tri nhiét d6 duge ly theo gid tri Joint Pattern da cé * hé sé ty Ie. 1. Chon trudmg hgp tai cin adjt nhigt 4 Hoa Sie Lest Cate Mame oY 2. Chon kigu thay d8i nhige 6; "=* hens 4. Cic Iya chon: = Thay di du leans Casietesralons “Them vito nhigt d6 43 c6 “Gradient 3 sistent2 + pase tsa "They nt aha dO co I CT DebeEviralonts —_ Xod mht d6 di 6. 3. Chon edch xée dinh gid tr Tages nhigt 6 Bythnet ~ Nhap gi wi tre tp Tevese [saan = Xe dinh tie gid tr} Joint gy 4 pane Patem cia nit €6 "HG 866/18 fagaq >] tana | 7. Thay ddi hing loat tén nit vi phan tir: Edit > Change Label. Cén chon di twong (mit, phan tit) trweée Khi the hién lénh. ‘Trong qua trinh nhap s6 ligu, Sap ty dng dat tén cho céc nit va phin tir trong hé, tuy nhi «quan ly két qua tinh toan duge t6t hon, ta nén dat Iai tén cho cée mit va phan tir theo m6t quy luat dé theo di. én cde d6i twong sé duge dit lai bing cée théng s6: - Tip du ngit Prefix): Tén ede ddi tueng sé duge bit diu bing phin Prefix nay. ~ Phan sau Prefix sé la mt cdp sé cOng voi 2 théng s6 1a gia tri bat diu (Next number) va ccéng sai (Increment) . Vi du: v6i Prefix: DX, Next number: 3, Increment: 4 thi tén cfc di tugng sé theo thir tu: DX3, DX7, DX11 Thi ty tén s@ phy thue toa d6 ciia ede di twong va thirty wu tién cita cde true toa d6. Vi dy: Véi true toa 46 uu tién 1: Z, tye toa 45 uu tién 2: Y khi dit tén cho cée d6i ‘ugg, d6i tong nio c6 toa d6 Z In hon sé c6 tén Ién hon, néu cing toa d6 Z khi d6 sé xét toa d6 Y, néu cling toa d6 Y sé xét toa d6 X (giéng nhu khi so sinh cdc s6 ¢6 3 chit s6, wu tién 1 mg véi 86 hang trim, wu tign 2 img véi sé hing chue, true cin Iai tmg véi s6 6 hang dom vi), ‘Thudng trong hé khung phing XZ: , © : ® : - Tén cao mit duge dat theo thir ty tt trai sang phai (true X), tir dud lén trén (true Z) nhu vay thir ty uu tign phai nguge lai: wu tién 1: true Z, wu tién 2: trye X, Can a8 ¥ ring thir ty wu tién nguge so v6i thir ty dém, gidng nh 6 c6 3 chit sO, thir yr ua tién 1a hing tram - chue - don vi nhung thir ty dm 1a don vi - chue - trim, = Tén phn tir dim c6 tiép dau ngi la D, 6 thirty tr trai sang phai (true X), ti dui lén trén (true Z) hu vay thir tyr wu tién phai nguge lai: wu tién 1 tye Z, wu tién 2: true X. ~ Trang 43-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 - Tén phan tir o6t c6 tiép dau ngit la C, 06 thir ty tir duéi 1én trén (truc Z), tit trai sang phai (true X) nh vay thie ty wu tign phai nguge lai: uu tién 1: true X, uu tién 2: true Z. Khung khéng gian tuong tw khung phing nung thém tigp dau ngi ld truc dinh vj eda timg mat phang khung, i. Chon kiéu d6i trong can déi ten Clove Hadi ton Tyee : 1 Lorena seeds 2, Nhip_ tip Pe dau ngit, gift) je iunbe IF ‘bit dau, 96 gia as I einen ant iil 4, Vao menu Edit > Auto Relabel > All in List un Sue eis copy Atos feed Fed ane FeiReebdes 2 ose enor JF a. 8. Tién hanh phan tich két cdu. zs SecansPatoa Cre [Fx] tn cia cde try toa a> Combination Define al ERERTESEEYSESINMNDSi ten phn tr tim Element anak “Frere Ddi tin phi tr thank Element Lasale Jat Di ten nit Element Section Prone “ate Elrond Seon Pires “Free Ekrrenl Seon Pepetios Link Elment Sedo Pepertes Gold ¥ Khai béo thir ty uu a. Thiét dit cae bac ty do hoat dong: Analyze > Set Analysis Option Ding khai béo phwong chuyén vj cia nat ma Sap ding kim dn sé. Cé thé chon té hgp cua timg. phuong hoge chon theo cdc dang hé mdu (khung khéng gian, khung phang ..) ~ Trang 44-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 ens ssalnieDOF Chon cde bac tyr do hoat dong Bur BI RR RY A Fei00% Hoi chon nhan theo dang kt elu a ae fal a Khungkgion 72P2* SP Din kgian Tels Fl Khung phiing XZ Tim sin XY TF Adensiely soveMeoel Acces erEuelebder te tess Cie trudng hgp phan tich ciia hé Chit Kigu phim tich Trang thai | Nhigm vu Furvos ht Fin Chon Run Now dé Sap tién hanh phan tich tinh ton KSt cy _ShovAns Ei Cacanane Te ‘ume ton Néu muda i _ runcensruncses 77 Khong chay aoe truimg hop aan pin eh duge chon ‘Trong qué trinh phan tich, chuong trinh sé hign ra cde théng bao, ni dung cae théng bao cing duge liu lai trong file 06 pl Jin dudi la .log. Néu cé 16i nguai sir dung nén doc céc théng bao nay dé tim. 18i duge nhanh chéng, Néu khong c6 16; va chuong trinh thye hién xong viée phan tich Sap sé thong bao "ANALYSIS COMPLETE" ~ Trang 45~Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 IV. Xem két qua 1. Xem so dé hé luc chwa bién dang Display > Show Undeformed Shape “. 2, Xem tai trong tée dung vio hé: a. Tai trong tic dung vio mit (hoc chuyén vj curing bite tai g6i tya) : Display > Show Load Assigns > Joint ‘Chon tating hgp tai edn xem oad Mame DEAD esse ease mt Code Stn Bo ncn Sunn les ists wz] esd we Lye tip tunge aes © Sister Chuyén vi cung bic F Showassrovates C6 b. Tai trong tac dung vao thanh (déng thai cé thé xem duge ca tai trong mut) : Display > Show Load Assigns > Frame 1. Chon traémg hop tai cin xem oad Name re =] DEAD, LedTipe Gio /9 SpanLoaim Faces) ¢ cou im [Mens iy =dehad) =] 2.. chon | ki i a trong tie ¢, ar ding vio) : trams | 4 ° a 1 Shut let amis wth Spoons Cé thé hign Ive tp trung tai nit eling véi Ivete dung trén than show spintcaleaVaiee C6 thé ign gid tr ~ Trang 46-Tai ligu hwéng dain Sap 2000 - V10.01 ¢. Tai trong tac dung vao tim (xem dwéi dang gid trj thé hign bing mau hoje bing sé) : Display > Show Load Assigns > Area Lond None 2a, Chon kigu ti trong cin thé hign bow To They Undem odin 2. Chon eich thé" gradSjaan [68K =] higa cuimg 48 bing gag = mi (Contour) HOI vm tan vas bing wid tri (Value) el 1. Chon trang hop tai saat 2 3. Xem so dd bién dang cia hé : Display > Show Deformed Shape 7 Cacinte 1. Chon trudmg hap ti cn xem Caue/Cambo Name [DEAD = DEAD Gio “ : a seas 2. Chon ty 18 Ty Ig wedding = ha Nip bd sb 18Sealetacer — ara ere 06 thé hin nét hie "3. Tay chon chvabién dang, 7 We Stab Thé hign dang | GbeGrw i dime cong Cee/tante bi véi truvmg hop phan tich dng CasniConbo Name [A | Malvcued Osten 6 wesetee Dang dao dng riéng soaha © he Sele Faor — Saas TF Dio desleceretcertats nt aoc care Te Satow FF oecine aa ~ Trang 47-Tai ligu hwéng déin Sap 2000 - V10.01 4. Phan lye trong céc lién két (cing vA dan hdi): Display > Show Forces/Stresses > Joints #7 Phan lye duge thé hign duéi 2 dang = Dang ligt ké : Vi dw: Rx = 0.12, My= ~ Dang thé hign bang mii tén lye (moment duge thé hién a mili tén kp ———> ) Cacti 1. Chon traéng hop ti cin xem cosssconbo None GEETENIEE =] 3 Show asarone 2. Néu chon sé dl Néu ba chon 5. Xem ni lye trong thanh : Display > Show Forces/Stresses > Frames/Cables *?~ L. Coetcambo 1. Chon trcimg hep tai clin xem Carestnba Name [=| ; “ Ceagensd 2. Chon thin phan n6i luc Lye doc © Aviles ® Tern Moment xodn Lye cit 2-27 Shea 22 7 Morert22 Moment ubn 2-2 Lye eit 3-3 shear © Moret 33 Moment ubn 3-3 scaira-3. Chon ty 16 Tye trdong 6 Aso hip he s6 7 18.7 Seale ets Chine 4. Ty chon Té den biés d& ritiagem Thé hign gid ui Shaw vane a Thi hin so dd [Shaw Detemea Shape bign dang 6. Ngi lye trong tam : Display > Show Forces/Stresses > Area PE" ~ Trang 48-Tai ligu hwitng déin Sap 2000 - V10.01 ‘sco Toe arofonba wane [Fs FSRsaEO 2. Thé hign noi Ie 1. Chon tneimg bgp tai edn xem 2. Thé hign img sudt Cgerat 3. Chon thanh phan ngi hee] Ovettiee 3a. Chon bé mat thé hign mo cM Cv © Vath Wain [—4] | ere Mo MMe lon Fam Aba Mas Caer in sin ‘neon 3. Chon thinh phin img suét Ne [ume [| Pw osm sa eae oe) Safelite 2. sa New © sin © oyacbgas srasosce Peteeetnarereed clos Osis 17 Shaw Dolan shire E 7. Xem két qua chuyén vi, phan lye, ni lye ... duéi dang bang gia tri : Display > Show Analysis Result Table. ‘ac két qua duge sap xép dudi dang cay thu muc! 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Chon cae két qua thiét ké dé thé hign : Design > Concrete Frame Design > Display Design Info. Display Concrete Design Results * Luu §: chon lai don vj thé hign dé dé theo i (nén chon La em) Devan un © Design rg ~ Trang 51 -