Con AASHTO LRFD 2010 Fifth Edition

Por
Perú- 2012
ing_ars@hotmail.com
1 Consideraciones Generales
2 Cargas
3 Superestructuras de Puentes
4 Dispositivos de Apoyo
5 Estribos
6 Pilares
7 Líneas de Influencia
!
" #
$ % & '& % ( % ) $& & %&*+& '% ,( * & &%
( - - & & & +& * % % & (&.- / & (& & & +& 0 &/
$ &.'- $ & %$ & ' &% ) * &% -% -' (-1 &
! %$ % % $ & (& &* ( ( % & & % **&.& &( ( %
** % ( % - % % ' % ( +&** / +-& ( % ! % ( &
& $-% &% ) + &% % **&.& $&% % * +& %
%& 0 &. &*. % $& %
&2 !& % $ % ( & ( 0 .& & $ &'* % $ & - ( &. *&%
(& &%3 +- &%/ & .& &%/ (&'* %/ '1+ &%/ & ( %/ - % & %.- *&%
(& &% * &'* & * % &$ ) %
'2 !& - 0 & % ( & ( 0 .& & $ $-*& % 4&$ ) % ( &* %23 % -' % 4&$ ) %
5 . %2 % $ & - ( &. *& % $ % ( &3 ) (-.- %/
(& & % & %.- - &* * % %0 %
6
6 ! " #
* %$ %$ . % (*&%-0-(& * %
&2 7 % 0 (-1
− & &* %
− & %
− " +-& - %
'2 * % .& -&* % ( % ((-1
− 8& &
− 8&.$ % &
− ( % ( &*
− ((-1 .$ % &
− ( .&
− ( %0 &
(2 * -$ % ( &
− -.$* . &$ )& %
− - %
− -.$* % &. % .7* -$* %
− & -* + 4' & % + *& - %2
− (
− - & & 4 -*- & (&'* % ( % &-& & * &'* 2
− * & %
− ! +& - % 4'&%( *& %2
− % 4$ % 0* & % $ .& %2
9 # ! # !
! % $ % % ' &% - $& & % $ ) ( 0- - -+ % -& * %
%- - % &%$ ( %
& ! (&*- &(-1 *& % ( & '-(&(-1 ( & & %- - / &*- &.- /
$ - ) &%&
' -$ $ % * .,% & ( & $& & * %- - %( - / -
( & % % -(&/ ( . &/ % - & ) 0 (- &*- &
( " .& . -(& ) -. %- %/ & &*- & % % &(( % %/ % $ % ( &/
- 0 & % ( &/ (& ( *& ( - )0 &(- %
' &% ( .$* . & -&% &* % ( . '& & &%/ &: *& (&* & & ) * %
&(( % %/ $ ((-1 *&% ., % ) ( -0-(&(-1 * (& ( / %- 0 &
( %& - 0 % &(-1 &* % -* .- &(-1
(&% ' &% %$ (-&* % ( +- ( . & %-% .&% ( % ( -+ %/
-$ %/ &$&% ( % ((-1 ) & ** % ( %- ( %& -
$& & *& ' & : ( (-1 ) % &'-*- & *& ' &
; < = ! >
& %
- % $ ,0-( %
%-'-*- & *& 0- -(-1 $ (-%& *& '-(&(-1 ) -. %- % * % * . %
% ( &* %/ &% ( . - 0 .&(-1 ',%-(& $& & * % % % - %
' % - % ?- * & ?- , *-( %
% &'* ( *&% (& &( % -(&% ?- *1 -(&% * % . % &+ - &%
.,5-.&% ) 5 & - & -&% ) * % 0&( % ?- , *-( % ( ** +& & & &*
&$ (-&(-1 * ( .$ &.- ?- , *-( *
9
( % - % *1 -( % ) ( -( %
% &'* ( *&% (& &( % -(&% *1 -(&%/ & * (&* % ( . &* % *&%
-0 % 0 .&(- % *1 -(&% % ( & / - -0-(& & %
-% -' (-1 ( . % % (& &( % -(&% ( -(&% ( %$ - %
% - % - % % %.-(
- ( . 0- &*- & .- & * % %$ ( % -% @ 0- *&%
( .$ %? - &* ) + -(&* * %-%. & -+ * *& ( & (-. &(-1
% - % -.$&( &.'- &*
-0-(& * $ '* .& &.'- &*/ $& & -% @& $ ) ( % ( . : &%
&.'- &* % ) +- & / & & ( .$ %& * % -.$&( % & + % %
0 % - % ,0-(
& *& .& - *& ' & * - &/ % , ( %& - 0 ( & * % % - %
,0-( ( %$ - & + * . ) (*&%-0-(&(-1 , %- $ %
% &'* (- %/ $& & .- & *&% (& &( % -(&% *& - 0 & % ( & +-&* ) *&
% $ % ( & *$
% - % ( .$* . & - %
% - % ( .$* . & - % & * % % - % ',%-( % ( . - % &*&(- %
* ( -(&%/ - % &*&(- % %& - & -&%/ % @&*- &(-1 / ( - &(-1 ( ( % )
( &* - % & ( %& - &* $ ) (
? % - % & ) -% @ +-&* * % &(( % %
0- *&% (& &( % -(&% . -(&% ) ( -(&% * &. (& &
*& & * $ % +& '-(&(-1 ( *& (& & 5-%
- % - &* & -+&% & -+ * & $ ) (
$ %& -+ %&% % * (- % ( -(&. 0&( -'* %/ $& & * &
+&* &(-1 ( -(& ( 1.-(&/ * - *& % * (-1 .,% ( + -
A 8 =
& ((-1 & %+ %&*

* & (? *& % ((-1 & %+ %&* $ % ,. * & (? *
&(( % / ) $ ,( + &% ,0-( / + &% % - & 4' .&%2/ + &%/
(-(* + &/ '& &% ) '& & &%/ * . % &:
;
' (? + & 4(&* & &2

- .$ % & $ %-'* / * % $ % % ' ( % - .& & $
&( . & * (& -* -% @ % , & ) *&% ' .&% & ( & &%
* 7. (& -* % -% @ % .- & .& *& $& & *&
*&(-1 BC9 D/ %- B * & (? *-' (&* & & 4.2
! % & (? % (&* & & D EE ) F 6E . , % (& -* % -% @ /
(& & ** % & (? - &* & *& .- & * & (? (&* & &
( .&%
& ' .& % *& $ (-1 ( - & &* (& -* %- + &$ ) & * % + ? ( * %
% % &(- & $ . (-&% & (? +& & % . -. E DE .
(& &% &* % . %/ %- $ 0 -'* G & 6 ; ./ ?&% & &* . %9E
./ ) $ 0 . 9 D ./ (& &% .&) % - .'& ' %
( & & (? % % $ - % & 9 E . $ -%$ & % % & - &
( . +& ,0-(
H &%
-*- & &% ( 0- % 0* : $ & &* .& -.- % , % $& & &% *&
(&* & & & )&( . -& ( 1 '& &/ & '& & 4'& & & $& & ,0-(
+ ?-( *& 2 & '& & & ( .'- & & * & (? . -. *&% + &% % E FA .
A
1 '& &
- % $ $1%- % * ( * * &: ) *- & * ' *& + &
,0-( &* & +& & * & A & 6E (./ ) % & ( & % $& &
$ + - + ?( * : * (& -*
0 & & &%
- % &*& & * *& * ' *&% % ( &% $ ( & 5-%
$&% % $ & &* %/ $ % $ & &* %/ $& & $ ((-1 * % % & - % !&
&* & *&% '& & &% % , . E ./ (-(* + &% % , .
;E .
& '& & & $ % -% @& & $& & % % .7* -$* % 4(&% '& & &%
( .'- & &% $& & $ & % ) + ? ( * %2 ) %-% - &* (? ( %- *& &( &
- .'& % % % ' *-.- & & (& &% *& + * (- & .,5-.&
$ .- - & % FE I.C? & & + * (- & % .&) % - &* % & GE I.C?/ $& &
$ &* %$ & % % $ 0 -'* -*- & & '& &
& &% ( ( 4 '& & &% $& & ,0-( + ?-( *& 2
$ $1%- $ - (-$&* % ( )( - *& - ((-1 %$*& &.-
* % + ? ( * % %+-& % -*- & *& % ( &/ $ * ' % ( &* )
. -(&. %-% - &* (? - & & .,% % - & &* ,0-(
$ & &*/ (-(*-% & ) '- % %- & % *&% (& &% ) &% , &% '&: *&
% ( & ' '-(& % ( . . -. & E DE . * ' & +& ) ( .
.,5-. & 6E . $ % % + &% ,0-( $ -%$ % &
'& &( . * . % $& & *&% + &%
' ( * (& % '& & &% $ & &* % 4 5( $ '& & &% -% @& &% $& & % %
.7* -$* %2 * & *&% '& &%/ $ % - -0 0 (-1 8- &% *&%
'& & &% +- & * % $ & % (&- & * $ / *&% '& &% ( - )
$ * , %- + ?-( *&
D
? &+-.
% - 0* 5-'* ) % -%$ *& % $ 0-(- % $ - * $ )
&(( % % * %$ % * $&+-. % 0- 0 (-1 &* ,0-( %$ & *&
+&
- ! %&% & %-(-1
* %&% & %-(-1 ( *& + & (& &/ &$ )& &% * &$*
&(( % -% @& ( %$ % . -. E 6E .
: &:
!& $ - &: * - - &* ' % *& .&) $ %-'* /
( . , % . -. E AJ
!& $ - &: & %+ %&* . -.& % 6J $& & *&% % $ 0-(- %
& &
(&% &%& ? - &*/ % -*- & &.'- % .- % ** & %/
-,. % 0-(- ) 7. & ( & $-( % % .& -&*
& -( %-+ / ∅ E E . (& & E ;E ./ % ' %&*- '&: *& $*&(& E EA
.( . . -. *& & & & ' (& % ' *&% $& % *& % ( &
I ,*-' %
! % ,*-' % ? - &* ) + -(&* $& & $ % '& % % , * & (? ) *& &* &
( %& - % $& & * $&% * ,0-( + ?-( *& * ,*-' + -(&* % , .
A EE .
&% &* %/ * ,*-' + -(&* % ' & $-% &% $ - (-$&* % % , &* . %
A AE . &% &* &. %& **& &% $ (- % / $ +-& : % -0-(&(-1
( -(&
! % ,*-' % %$ (-0-(& % $ % - ( . & % %- * &% &.- $
(&*( *& *& % $ % ( & 5( * % 6 A (.
F
$ % % ' ( % % & &/ % ' ( %- & ( . . -. & &* &

*-' AE . & 6 AE . % ' * -+ * .,5-. *&% & &%
! %$ % ( % - % % ' + &% &+ &'* % ' ( %- & * % ,*-' %
&+ &(-1 %&% + &%3 & 0&* & - 0 .&(-1 $ (-%&/ * ,*-' ? - &*
$ ,% /$ * . %/ % + ( % * & (? .,5-. *&% .'& (&(- %/ .,%
.
* K &% -*& &(-1

& & $ .- - *& 5$& %-1 *& ( &((-1 *& % ( & $ 0 ( * %
(&.'- % .$ & &/ % ( * (& : &% % % 5 . % ) &% % ((- %
- . -&% % - & !&% : &% ' % **& % ( .& -&* %
0* 5-'* %/ (&$&( % .& *&% 5$& %- %)( &((- % % $ (& )
% -.$ . &'* %
D 8 H
• L ! " - %- $ (-0-(& - %/ . -(& %% (-& - 0 &
L- ?B&) & & %$ & - 00-(-&*%/ M&%?- / / 6E E
• 8& &* -% @ %/ - ((-1 &* &.- % ) " (& -* %/
8- -% - & %$ %) . -(&(- %/ !-.&/ 7/ 6EE9
G
O H !
I 0 P Q GEF
P E E QF I 0
.. P E QF 5 E 6 I 0 (.
I 0 (. P QG EF ..
C.. P E QF 5 E6 I 0C.
I 0C. P Q GEF 5 E 9 C..
I 0C(.6 P E EQGEF 8 &

8 & P E QF I 0C(.6 P E QF 5 EA I 0C.6
! " # $ % &'
( ) * *+ , ) - .* ) ) - /, ) % /-- ) + )
) - /, )
$( ) * *+ ,/) ) * 0+-+ ) /.+ + ) /,/-+ ) */ / ) 1+-+ )
*23,+- )
&( )+4 1 +-/, , * ) * *+ ,) , ,,
/3,/ 5 6 )+ / )
!/ +/, )+ / "7 8.5'
-
/ ) 3/9/ )+ / % / / ?<6
./,# - 0:- 56; 7 8-.< <5<>
./,# - 56; = 0:- >; 7 8-.< <<@>A< <?0:-
./ )+ / - +.*, A ;< 7 8.5
* 0+-+ ) /.+ 3+ .+ )/) <<6>
- ;B6>
C+ 0 + ;<>>
, /-+ ) /, .+ + >
/# ,+. / -+,,/ - .*/- / ) ?<6
/# ,+. /1/ ) , ) D>>
-+,,/ 3,/ / D>>
/1/# ./-/ / 3/,/) - .*/- / / +,, <<6>
!/ / / ?D>
!/ / 3,/ / B>>
+ , ) */ / E )+ # .+ ) % 0+9/ )* 1/ 5>> 7 8.
< && "FF % F' " 5D <'

FF( ) 3 -/ / 1 G+- ,/
F( ) 3 -/ / * / /,
/ / CF ?5
/.+4 +) H
F/ +) / -+/ , ) ) 9 ) .E) * )/ ) ) ./ - . / ,,/ # )/

, ) , .+ ) @ 5>. % ? >>. # ) , / , ) ./% ) 0 - )
<
< / . +) H
5 / / -/ +, +) H
> ?D 8.
5>.
/' F/ ) 3 -/ / 1 G+- ,/ +) H ) - )+ / / - . / - .3+ /-+4

/.+4 +) H / . +) H A / / -/ +, +) H
3' // . . / +1 * ) - /0, I+4 3/9 -/ / +0 . #
/) - . ,/ /--+4 *+,/ ) + + ) ) - )+ / ?> * -+
,/ ) ,+-+ /-+4 3+ / / ) -/.+ ) +) H ) */ / ) - . . +.
6 . , 9 ,/ -/.+4 % , 9 /) , #
- .3+ / / - ?> * -+ ,/ ) ,+-+ /-+4 3+ / / ,/ -/ / , -/ +,
+) H
) -+/ !2, +*, ) 3 -/ /) " 5D <'
F/ ) ,+-+ /-+4 I ./ - )* + / ) 3 -/ /) ) .+ / E
- )+ / ,/) * )+3, ) - .3+ /-+ ) -/ +, ) -/ / )# . , +*,+-/ *
0/- * ) -+/ .2, +*, ) /*,+-/3, /, ) / , .+ 0/ + /
/3,/ 5 D < J/- ) -+/ !2, +*,

2. -/ +, ) J/- * ) -+/
-/ / ) .2, +*, # .
<>
< >>
5 > B6
K5 > D6
// , )/ J/ + /# ) +,+ / -/.+4 +) H # % ,/)

) ,+-+ /-+ ) , ) @D<<%@D<5) 3 E +1+ + * <>
- . * / / + E.+-/ ! " 5 D <'
F ) 0 - ) ) E +- ) , -/.+4 / . +) H # / I- *-+4
,/) 0 /) - 0 /) % 0 / # ) 3 E ./% / , ) )+ + )
* - /9 )
5
/3,/ 5 D < - . * / / + E.+-/# !

.* !
L /) , /3, M ) , ) ) / ) F .+ ) ;6N
) , ) .E) - .* )
) / F .+ 0/ + / % 0 /- / 6N
) , ) .E) ) / ) F .+ ) 55N
/ ) /*,+-/ / -/ /) * / /, ) + / -/ /) -/ +, +) H
/.* - . ) ) ) +.+ ) ,+-+ / ) * /--+ ) 1 +-/, )
,/ ) * ) - / + - .* ) 0 /-+ ) ) - .*, /.
* 3/9 , +1 , ,
-/) - .* ) / ) - . , -/) /,-/ / +,,/)# ,

* - /9 ) 3 E ./ - .
! ( 55" > M @ ' >N
+ (* 0 + / . +./ ,/ - 3+ / + /) 3 ,/ ) - / ".'
5 J O PJ " 5 D 5'
./ - . , * - , ) * ) ) * 9 , -/.+4 / .
+) H % , 0/- # / *
&<
= > > >6 "5 D 5 '
+
& ( 1 , -+ / +) H ,/ -/ / "7.8G'
( / + - 1/ / , -/ +, -+ - ,/-+4 ".'
F/) 0 /) - 0 /) ) /*,+-/ G + /,. / / +) / -+/ B>

. ) 3 ,/ -/, / / 3 /*,+-/ / .E) , ) 0/- ) * ) -+/
.2, +*,
@ J O J " 5 D @'
./ - . , ./% 1/,
• <6 * -+ , )* ) )* 9 , -/.+4 / . +) H
• 6 * -+ , -/.+4 / . +) H .E) ,/ -/ / -/ +,
F/ 0 / 0 / ) 3 3+-/ ) , ) -/ +, ) +) H )
- )+ -/ / ) % / )* E0+- ,/ .+)./ + --+4 /*,+-/ E
, ) 0/- ) * ) -+/ .2, +*, /) .+ E ) /) 0 /) /- 2/
G + /,. / / +) / -+/ B> . ) 3 ,/ ) * 0+-+ ,/ -/, / /
6 & # F
3 -/ /) & /) " 5 D D'
3 E /*,+-/ / -/ / * / /, 5D; 7 8.< /) ,/) /- /) .E)
> D>. / -G # % ) / -/ / ) 3 E - )+ / )+. , E /. - ,/
) 3 -/ / 1 G+- ,/ +) H / ,/ - +-+4 -/ / + -, %/ -/ /)
* / /, ) - .3+ / /) - .E) -/ +, ) - ) 3 -/ / 1 G+- ,/ # ,/) -/ /)
* / /, )) * - )+ / - . -/ +, -/ / " 5D <'
F )* ) * / /, ) ) +) H/ E */ / / ) 3 -/ / @ B 7 8.<
@
/ , !/ /, +) H ) M 2 " < @ 5 ;'# ) H/,/ /, )* -

, ) * ) */ / ) * / /, % */ / , E0+- 3+-+-, /) ) +) H/ */ /
/ -/ / 1+1/ 6 > 7 8.Q ) .+). # 0+
J /) ) 3 / + , )" < @ 5 D <'

F ) )/ + , ) ) +) H/ E */ / )+) + / 0 / ,/ /, . ;D> 7
* . )/ + ,# /*,+-/ / , * , )/ + , / / , 1/-+4 > <6 .
) 3 , /3, )+ , )/ + , 1+ / ./% /, /
J /) 3 / / /) " < @ 5 D 5'

F +. +1 , +.* / -+/
)/ ) - /) - /) % 3/9 +1 , ) 3 * ) /, ) % E /)
, 2. 1 G - , ) * )/ ) ) * H % ,/) 1 , -+ / ) )
-+ /)
F< +1 , +.* / -+/
)/ ) - /) / ) % 1 , -+ / ) +.* / ) * ) 3/ )
% E /) G/% 1/ + / 1 G - , ) * )/ ) % ,/) 1 , -+ / ) ) ,/)
.EI+./) , /3, )
F5 - +1 , +.* / -+/
)/ */ / / *+) /) - / + ) - 1/ / -+ )# * + )
1/ +/3, ) 0 )# 1 , . /, 1 G - , ) * )/ ) % - 1 , -+ / )
.EI+./) , /3, ) L ) +0+-/-+4 )* - 0+-/ ) +* , / ) E G -G
*/ / )/ ) +1 , +.* / -+/
J /) +) H */ / / / /) " /3,/ < @ 5 D 5 # !/ /, +) H ) 2'
)+ /-+4 J /) +1 , ) +.* / -+/ )

% )+ /-+ ) F F< F5
J / )1 )/, " ' <5 <@ 6 6< D
J, , + + /, " ' @ B< ;D
J1 1 +-/, /3/9 " ' < >6 B< << D@
F % F, ".' << >; < @@
F1 ".' 6 6> 6 6> <<
C . ".' >6 >B ><
! +./ /, / , */)/./ ".' >6 >B ><
6
D J O F R & CP F " 5 D 6'
F ) ) +3 ) % *+,/) * ) 3+-/ ) / ? > . . ) , 3 ,/

-/, / /# / 6> . . ) ,/ , / - / 1/ 0 1+/ +/# )
3 E +) H/ */ / / 0 / ) E +-/ +1/, B5 6 # ,/ - /, ) /) .
/- 2/ - /, + + --+4 *,/ G + /,# / / /, / <. ) 3 ,
+1 , ,
) - )/ + /*,+-/ ) / 0 /# , -/) ) - /) * + /) *
/*, ) 3/ /) / +-G )
; C S F $ " 5 ;'
)+4 C+ ) E +-/ - 2/ 0 ./ * * +- ,/ / ,/ ) * 0+-+ # % ) -/,- ,/

- . ,* - ,/ /, / ,/ - , . / / /) 3 ,* - )+ / #
,/ )+ / ,/ /% "/- , /-+4 ,/ /1 / '
J, /3+,+ / J / , 1/ /.+ ./ / - . ,/ ) ./ +/ ,/)

- .* ) 1 +-/, ) ,/) * )+ ) G+ ) E +-/) - 2/ ) 3 ) , )
- .* ) 3/9 , +1 , / /
)+4 J, 9 F/ * )+4 0, 9 / /# /- / ,/ + --+4 , + + /,

,/) ) 3 ) - /)# ) ./ E - .
* ( 6< @ &< "5 ; 5 '
* ( * )+4 ,/ / "7 8.<'

1( 1 , -+ / , / / */ / ,/ + /-+4 +) H " )+) -+/ % ) 1+-+ ' %
*/ / ,/ + /-+4 - ," 1 I . '# .8)
( - 0+-+ / /) */ / *+,/)
/3,/ 5 ; 5 0+-+ /)
+*
+,/ - 3 / / ) .+-+ - ,/ >;
+,/ I . - / / @
/) ) /- . ,/ )- / ,/ *+,/ @
+,/ - 3 // 0 ./
- H/# E , ,3 // ?>T >B
F/ 0 / / /) , + + /, ) E , * - ,/ * )+4 0, 9
, + + /, % ,/ * % --+4 ,/ ) * 0+-+ I* ) / / +-G/ * )+4
/ / F/ /, F/ * )+4 ,/ /, +0 . . +) +3 + / /- 2/ ) 3 /
) 3 ) - / 3+ / -/ /, / / 0, % 0 ./ E , )* -
, 9 , + + /, ,/ *+,/ ) E
* ( 6< @ F&< "5 ; 5 < '
* ( * )+4 ,/ /, "7 8.<'

F ( - 0+-+ / /) ,/ /,
D
/3,/ 5 ; 5 < 0+-+ /) F/ /,

S , F
>T >
6T >6
>T >;
<>T >?
5>T >
/ / , , /9 3 E - )+ / )+ ) / +-+*/ ) * )/ ,,/
0 /) , /9 )+ +0+-/ +1/)
-/1/-+4 3 E - )+ / , ) )/ ) , .+ ) )+) -+/ % ) 1+-+
B & $F % $ " 5 B'
)+4 C + /, , &+ F/ -/ / 1+ ) /) . ) E +0 . .
+) +3 + / ) 3 , E / I* ) / /, 1+ //* ) / .E) >.) 3 ,
+1 , , , / /# ,/ 1 , -+ / 1+ +) H ) 3 E /9 ) /
-
&> O
& O ( < 6&> " ', " ' "5 B '
& O>
& O ( 1 , -+ / , 1+ +) H / ,/ /, / +) H O "7.8G'
&> ( 1 , -+ / 0 +--+ /, "7.8G'
& > ( 1 , -+ / , 1+ / > . ) 3 , +1 , , / / +) H
"7.8G' / ) -+/ / ) & > ( & ( D> 7.8G
& ( 1 , -+ / 3E)+-/ , 1+ + /, / D> 7.8G / / /, / >.
O> ( , + 0 +--+4 , 0 -G -/.* 1+ / /) / +3/ ".'
O ( /, / ,/ ) - / K > .
/3,/ 5 B &/, ) &> % O >

R S S
&> "7.8G' 5< ;D ?5

O> ".' > >; >> < 6>
)+4 &+ ) 3 ,/) ) - /) $
& & O<

( " O '< ( " ' "5 B < '
& <6D>>
( * )+4 , 1+ +) H
( * )+4 3E)+-/ , 1+
/3,/ 5 B < )+ ) 3E)+-/) - )* + ) / & ( D> 7.8G

!
F F & &
"7 8.<' "7 8.<'
+- ,/ )# - , . /) % / - ) <@6 <<
&+ /) <@6 *,+-/3,
/ ) ) * 0+-+ ) *,/ /) ?@ *,+-/3,
;
F/ -/ / 1+ /, ) 3 E ./ . @@? 7 8. , *,/
- 4 / 3/ , 1 + <<@ 7 8. , *,/ - 4 / ) /1
- .* +- ,/ /- # + ) 3 E ./ . @@? 7 8.
- .* ) 1+ /) 1+ /) -/94
/ /) ,/) * ) - /) + , 1+ ) - )+ / ./, / ,/
) - /# ,/ * )+4 3E)+-/ , 1+ */ / +0 )E , ) + --+4 ,
1+ ) * ./ ) 2 ,/ /3,/ , E , 3,+- + / ) 3 E . + /
*/ + / * * +- ,/ /, 9 , + + /, F/) * )+ ) / )1 )/, %
, + + /, ) 3 E /*,+-/ )+. , E /.
/3,/ 5 B < < */ / +0 )E , ) // "& ( D> 7.8G'

S , +- ,/ )# &+ /)
3,+- + / - , . /) % / - )
, 1+ / / / / / / / /
"T' ,/ /, , + + /, ,/ /, , + + /,
U 8. 5D; > <@6 >
6 5@; D < @ 5
5> 5 D 55 <>@ D
@6 <56 <>@ D5 B<
D> < <@6 B< ?<
J /) *,+-/ /) + - /. / ,/ 3 ) - / F/) 0 /) / )1 )/, ) %

, + + /, ) / /*,+-/ + - /. / ,/ ) 3 ) - / ) 3 E -/,- ,/ 3/)
/ / * )+4 3E)+-/ , 1+ ) * ) / ?@ U 8.< / / + --+ ) , 1+
3,+- /) )* - ,/ ) - /# ) /0 /) 3 E ) ,1 - .* )
* * +- ,/ ) / ,/) , 1/-+ )* ) + %0 /, ,/ ) 3 ) - /
)+4 &+ ) 3 , ) & G - , ) $F

+ G/% 1 G - , ) * ) )# ,/ * )+4 , 1+ +) H ) /*,+-/ E / / ,/
) - / - . / , ) 1 G - , ) F/ * )+4 , 1+ ) 3 , ) 1 G- , ) ) 3
* ) / - . /0 /+ .*+3, % .41+, @? 7 8. /- / ./, / ,/
-/, / / % B>. ) 3 ,/ .+)./# % ) 3 E / ).+ + / ,/ ) - /
+ , 1+ ) 3 , ) 1 G- , ) ) ./, / ,/ ) - /# ,/) - .* )
0 / ./, % */ /, ,/ /*,+-/ /) / ,/ ) 3 -/ / 1+1/ ) * ./ - .
/3,/ 5 B 5 .* ) , 1+ ) 3 ,/ ) 3 -/ / 1+1/
S , 3,+- + / .* .*
)* - / ,/ ./, ./, / /, ,/
/ ,/ ) * 0+-+ "T' "7 8.' "7 8.'
> @? >
6 5 B
5> << 5D
@6 ?B @B
D> 6 6D
)+4 & +-/, , &+ , +) H * ) % - .* ) ) - /, )

* ) ) )+3, ) /, 1+ #) 3 - )+ / /0 / 1+ 1 +-/,
/)- >> 7 8.< * , / -G , /3, # + -, % , ) */ /* ) %
/- /)# - . / -/ / ,+ /, , + + /, 3 /*,+-/ )4, */ / , ) ) / )
B
, .+ ) + 1 , - / 1+ /- / ) 3 ,/ ) 3 -/ /# % )4, - / ,/
+ --+4 , 1+ ) ./ * * +- ,/ /, 9 , + + /, , * /*,+-/ E
, * - )* + / - / , / -G , /3, / 3/ , 1
9 /. - ,/) -/ /) 1+ G + /, ) )* -+0+-/ /)
) /3+,+ / ,E) +-/ ) , ) * ) % - .* ) ) - /, )

,, # - %/ ,/-+4 , + /. 8 / -G * 0 + / ) / ) * + / 5># )
3 E - )+ / ) )+3, ) /, 1+ # % * , / 3 E - )+ / )
+) H # ) ,+-+ /-+ )/ ,E) +-/)
/ , !/ /, +) H ) M 2 " < @ 5 >'# 0+ */ /

* )- / /, / >. . )# . + / ) , +1 , , / / )
,/ */ .E) 3/9/ , # ) ) * E 1 , -+ / , 1+ - )/ //
/, /) ./% )) .+ / -
& = & >F ≥&>
&O ( 1 , -+ / , 1+ / ,/ /, / "7.8G'
&>( 1 , -+ / 0 -+/# - )* + / ( >.
( /, /* -+./ , +1 , , , / / ".'
# >( - ) / ) / /) ,/ /3,/ < @ 5 >
/3,/ < @ 5 > &/, ) ,/) - ) / ) # >

R F
"7.8G' > 55> > 5B> > @B6

> ".' > >;> > 5>> > B>>
F/ * )+4 1+ ) -/,- ,/ -
<
&O
=
>>
( * )+4 , 1+ "7 8.Q'

& ( 1 , -+ / 1+ "7.8G' / ,/ /, /
( * )+4 3E)+-/ - )* + / / 1 , -+ / >> 7.8G# / / ,/
/3,/ < @ 5 > <
/3,/ < @ 5 > < )+

) 3E)+-/) - )* + )/ / 1 , -+ /
>>7.8G
.* ) - /, )+4 * )+4 *
/, 1 /1 "7 8.<'
"7 8.<'
./ /)# - , . /) % / - ) 65 ;D 6
&+ /) 65 *,+-/3,
* 0+-+ ) *+) ) ,/ ) << *,+-/3,
?
? J P ! V" 5 >'
F/) 0 /) ) ).+-/) ) E 1/, / /) * - /, + * - +.+ /-+ /,

/ E,+)+) ) * E ,/) /--+ ) ) ).+-/) G + /, ) /- 2/ - /, +
+ --+4 / )4, ) / /,+ / ) + --+ ) /, ) # , ) 0 - )
.EI+. ) ) E ) +./ ) - . ,/ ) ./ , ) 1/, ) /3) , ) 3 + ) */ / ,
>>N ,/ 0 / ) ).+-/ / + --+4 % 5>N ,/ 0 / ) ).+-/ + --+4
* * +- ,/
0+-+ - , /-+4 , - 0+-+ ) .+ / 3/) / , ) ./*/)

+) /- , /-+4 - >N +1 , I- -+/ */ / 6> /H ) 1+ / 2 +,
/ + /-+4 ,/) ) - /)
F )* ) ) -,/)+0+-/ ) -/ /) +.* / -+/
• ) - +- ) 3 / * / +1 ) )* ) ,/ - -+/ /
)+).
• ) ) -+/, ) 3 / * / +1 ) )* ) ,/ - -+/
)+).
• )* )
>
O /) .* /.+ ).+-
/3,/ 5 > @ O /) ).+-/)

0+-+ O / ).+-/
- , /-+4
> >?
> >? = > ? <
> ?= > <? 5
> <? = @
+-+ ) F -/, )
/3,/ 5 > 6 0+-+ ) ++

0+-+ ++ +* 0+, ,
&
> < 6 <>
, 0+, +*
-/ - /, + -/ /- ) +-/# / -+,,/ ) +) )/ - +) /,+ / / )/
/ /, +-+ ) ) , + ,/ * 0 + / ,) , ). /
D> . % , ) +* ) ) , ) ) 3 ,/ -/ ) *4)+ ) ) /3, ) / /)#
/1/) / -+,,/) + /)
, 0+, +*
) * 0+, - .* ) / -+,,/ + / ) / ) * 0 ) ) , )
- G )+1 ) ,/ /, / , ) , I- , ) D> .# % , ) ) , ) ) 3 ,/)
-/) ) *4)+ ) ) /3, ) / /)# /1/) / -+,,/) + /)
, 0+, +*
) * 0+, - / -+,,/) 3,/ /) / . +/ /. + /) % / /)# -/ /- + /
* ? . .E) / -+,,/) 3,/ /) . +/ /. + /) - )+ -/*/)
+ . +/) / / ) ) , ) - G )+1 )
, 0+, +* &
) * 0+, - / -+,,/) 3,/ /) ,+. ) - %/ * 0 + / ) ./% / , ) < .
0+-+ )* ) / ).+-/
).+-/ ,E) +-/ )
<
) ( <85
<6 "5 > D '
(* + 1+3 /-+4 , )+. .

( - 0+-+ /- , /-+4
( - 0+-+ )+ +
//* ) ) 3 * 0+, ) ) , +* &% E /) ,- 0+-+

) ./% + /, / > 5># ) 3 ) . + /, / < >
/ / ) , ) +* % &# % */ / ). ) +) + ) /, . 0 /. /, , - /,
/* + ). ) / > 5)# ) 3 E ./ ) - .
) ( "> B A @ > ' "5 > D < '

+ , * + 1+3 /-+4 */ / - /, + . I- @ >)# , 1/, ) */ /
) . 3 E ./ ) - .
> ;6
) (5 "5 > D < <'
J/- ! +0+-/-+4 )* )/
F/) 0 /) +) H ) ).+- */ / ) 3 ) - /) % ,/) - I+ ) ,/)
*/ ) ,/ ) - /# ) .+ / E +1+ + ,/) 0 /) ) , / )
/ E,+)+) ,E) +- * , 0/- . +0+-/-+4 )* ) / /* *+/ +
. / E,+)+) + .* G+) +/ + ,E) +- ) )/ # , 0/- . +0+-/-+4
)* ) / ) E ./ - . > */ / / ,/ ) 3 ) - / % - I+ )
/3,/ 5 > ; J/- ) ! +0+-/-+4 )* )/ M 3 ) - /

!
P F
+,/ +* *,/-/ / +. )+4 6 6 <>
+, ) - - / ./
• 4, *+, ) 1 +-/, ) 6 <> 5>
• * *+, ) + -, % *+, ) + -,+ / ) 6 6 <>
, . /) + +1+ /, ) 6 <> 5>
+, ) /- /- - .* ) - - -
• 4, *+, ) 1 +-/, ) 6 56 6>
• * *+, ) + -, % *+, ) + -,+ / ) 6 <> 5>
, . /) .2, +*, ) 6 56 6>
/3,/ 5 > ; < J/- ) ! +0+-/-+4 )* ) / M I+ )

W F
P
!
* ) - / / ) +3 >B
L /) I*/ )+4 ,/ >B
) * ) - /
, . /)# *+,/ ) *+, ) / ,/) 1+ /) >
-/3 /, ) * ) - /
, . /) *+,/ ) / ,/ -+. /-+4 >
> & ! # " < @ 5 ? !/ /, +) H

) 2'
.* / / +0 .
/ + .* / /
<
/3,/ < @ 5 ? "!/ /, +) H )M 2'

/ ) .* / / "T '
!/ +/, )/ + / ,1/
- / ./ >T / @>T >T / A56T >T / 6>T
* )0 /
- 6T / 6>T <>T / A6>T >T / D>T
!/ / >T / @>T >T / A56T >T / 6>T
F/ .* / / 0 -+/ ) E ,/ .* / / /.3+ * . + / ,/) @B

G /) / ) , 1/-+/ , - - / ) ,/ - , -/-+4 / ,, )
, . ) .+ / ,/ G+* ) / +-+ / ,/ ) - /
/ + .* / /
) * ) - /) - - /- - /3, - - #) ) * E
/ + .* / /# / +-+ /,. / , ) -/.3+ ) .* / /
)* -+0+-/ )
F/) +0 -+/) .* / / % < - )* E / , ) 1/, ) * )+ +1 )
/ ) ,/ /3,/# / 1/, ) / +1 ) 3 + ) . , +*,+-/ / ,, ) ,/ /3,/
* M> 6
" /3,/ < @ 5 ? < "!/ /, +) H )M 2'

.* / /) 0+ , ) / + ) "T '
+4 + )0/, 6 -. )0/, > -. )0/,
< < <
)/ @> 6 56 6 5> 6
+ / @> 6 56 6 5> 6
,1/ 6> <> @6 <> @> <>
! L F F C# #F #% " 5 '
C .* 9 G + /, , ) ,
) 3 -/ / ) ,
F ) 3 -/ / 1+1/
0 +--+4 / +1/
" //- .E) /,, , & '
3+ / - )+ /-+4 ) ./ E /.3+ * ,/) )+ + ) ) ,+-+ /-+ )) 3 ,/

) - / * # -/) - -+/
< C F
5 F & J !
C# #
C - /--+4
0, -+/ , /
/) /.+
@ J O J > F J
6 F R ! &
5
J !
" 5 @'
F/ ) ,+-+ /-+4 ./% / / /, ) ./ E - .
V = Σ + γ +V+ "5 @ '

η+ ( . +0+-/ ,/) -/ /)
V+ ( ) ,+-+ /-+4
γ++ ( 0/- -/ /
)/ ) F .+ )
• M .3+ /-+4 3E)+-/ -/ /) * ) / , ) 1 G+- ,/

./, ,* # )+ 1+
• M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) * ) / , ) , * *
*/ 1 G- , ) +) H )* -+/, ) )* -+0+-/ ) * , * *+ / + # 1 G - , )
-+ - ,/-+4 ) + + /# /.3 )# )+ 1+
• M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) * ) / , * I* ) /
1+ ) 1 , -+ / ) ) * + ) / ?> 7.8G
• & M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) * ) / ,/-+ ) . % , 1/ /)
,/) ) ,+-+ /-+ ) * 1 -/ /) * ,/) -/ /) * ./ ) % ,/) * 1 -/ /)
* ,/) ) 3 -/ /)
• & M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) * ) / , ) , * *
*/ 1 G- , ) ./, ) - / 1 , -+ / , 1+ ?> 7.8G
• & W ! M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) + -, % )+). )
• & W ! M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) + -, % -/ / G+ , # - ,+)+4
.3/ -/-+ ) % 1 G - , )# % -+ ) 1 ) G+ E ,+- ) - / ) 3 -/ /
-+ / +0 / ,/ 0 ./ */ ,/ -/ / - ,+)+4 1 G - , )#
• & M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) * ) / ,/ * /-+4 ./, , *
- 1+ ?> 7.8G# ./ /) ,/) -/ /) / ) ) 1/, ) ./, )
• & M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) - %/ + -+4 ) - ,/ ,/ 0, -+/ ,/)
) - /) /- % , )3/,/.+ * 1 -/ ,/ ) 3 -/ / 1 G+- ,/ ,/)
- I+ ) )3/,/.+ - +-
• & M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) ,/-+ / / I-, )+1/. - ,/ /--+4
) * ) - /) G .+ 4 * )/ # - % 39 +1 ) - ,/ ,/ 0+) /-+4
• & &M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) ,/-+ / / I-, )+1/. - ,/ /--+4
) 3 ) - /) G .+ 4 * )/ # - % 39 +1 ) - ,/ ,/ 0+) /-+4
• J M .3+ /-+4 -/ /) 0/ + / % 0 /- / ) ,/-+ / - ,/
) 3 -/ / /1+ / +/ 1 G+- ,/ )* - +1/ % ,/) )* ) /) + E.+-/) 3/9
2 +- -/.+4 +) H
, +) H * J/- ) / / % )+) -+/ "F J ' + )/ +)0/- ,/ )+ +

- /-+4
Σηγ+V+ φ (
/ / -/ /) */ / ,/) - /, ) 1/, .EI+. γ+ ) /* *+/
η( η η η > ?6
@
/ / -/ /) */ / ,/) - /, ) 1/, . +. γ+ ) /* *+/
( >
)+
γ+ ( 0/- -/ /
φ ( 0/- )+) -+/
η ( 0/- . +0+-/-+4 ,/) -/ /)
η ( 0/- ,/-+ / - ,/ - +,+ /
η ( 0/- ,/-+ / - ,/ / -+/
η ( 0/- ,/-+ / - ,/ +.* / -+/ * / +1/
V+ ( ) ,+-+ /-+4
( )+) -+/ .+ /,
( )+) -+/ ./% / / ( φ
- +,+ /
, )+) ./ ) - /, * ) 3 +. )+ / % /,,/ ./ /
/) / , )/ ,, 0 ./-+ ) + ,E) +-/) )+ +0+-/ +1/) % 1+)+3, ) , )
)/ ) , .+ ) )+) -+/ % - )* + )/ 1 ) I . )/ ) ,/ 0/,,/
/ / , ) / , .+ )+) -+/
>6 */ / , . )%- I+ ) 2- +, )
( >> */ / +) H ) % /,, ) - 1 -+ /, )
> ?6 */ / , . )%- I+ ) */ / , ) - /, ) ) G/ )* -+0+-/ . + /)
/ +-+ /, ) */ / . 9 / ,/ - +,+ / .E) /,,E , + * ,/)
)* -+0+-/-+ )
// ) , ) .E) ) / ) , .+ ) ( >>
/ -+/
. ) I+) / . +1 ) 9 ) +0+-/ ) */ / 1+ / ,/) ) 3 )/
) - /) - + /) % - .2, +*, ) - + ) -/ /)
F ) * + -+*/, ) , . ) % - .* ) - %/ 0/,,/ ) / +-+*/ * 1 -/ E ,
- ,/*) , * ) 3 +) H/ - . , . ) 0/,,/ - +-/ % , )+) ./
) - /, /) -+/ - . )+) ./ /
F ) , . ) % - .* ) - %/ 0/,,/ ) / +-+*/ * 1 -/ E , - ,/*) ,
* ) 3 +) H/ - . , . ) 0/,,/ - +-/ % , )+) ./ ) - /,
/) -+/ - . )+) ./ /
/ / , ) / , .+ )+) -+/
>6 */ / , . ) / )
( >> */ / +1 , ) - 1 -+ /, ) / -+/
> ?6 */ / +1 , ) I- *-+ /, ) / -+/
// ) , ) .E) )/ ) , .+ ) ( >>
.* / -+/ * / +1/
*,+-/3, I-, )+1/. /, ) )/ ) , .+ ) )+) -+/ % - )* + )
/ 1 ) I . )
/ / , ) / , .+ )+) -+/
>6 */ / * ) +.* / )
( >> */ / * ) *+- )
> ?6 */ / * ) ,/ +1/. * -/ +.* / -+/
// ), ) .E) ) / ) , .+ ) ( >>
6
/)
, ./% , ) ) 1/, ) )* -+0+-/ ) */ / , ) 0/- ) -/ / / /*,+-/ /
# % C) 3 E +,+ / */ / ,/) 0 ./-+ )# % , . 1/, ) 3 E
+,+ / */ / /) ,/) .E) ) ,+-+ /-+ )
, 0/- -/ / */ / ) 3 -/ / γ V ,/ - .3+ /-+4 1 I . )
3 E .+ / 3/) / ,/) -/ /- ) +-/) )* - 0+-/) -/ / * % -
+-+ ) / + ) C ) )/3/ γ V = > # % / ) ./ G/
)+ ) , # ) 3 / - )+ / ,/ * )+3+,+ / ) 3 -/ / */ -+/, -
D
)+). )# ) -+ γ V < > # )+ / /3, γ V = > 6 */ / /.*,+ /

1/, ) E0+-
F ) 0/- ) -/ / γ % γ ) 3 / */ 3/) / ,/) -/ /- ) +-/)
)* - 0+-/) -/ / * % - γ ) * ./ )+ G/% + 0 ./-+4 > >
) / ) , .+ ) )+) -+/ % 1 I . # > )/ , .+ ) 1+-+
- / ) - )+ / ,/ ) 3 -/ /# % > 6> , )/ , .+ ) 1+-+
- / ) - )+ / ,/ ) 3 -/ /
.+ /-+4 ,/) / /)
/ /) ./ )
( 0 +--+4 / +1/ " X / '

( * ) * *+ , ) - .* ) ) - /, ) % /-- ) + ) ) - /, )
$( * ) * *+ ,/) ) * 0+-+ ) /.+ + ) /,/-+ ) */ / ) 1+-+ )
*23,+- )
C ( .* 9 G + /, , ) ,
F( )+ ) )+ /, ) /- . ,/ /) ) ,/ ) , * - ) - ) - +1 #
+ -, % ,/) 0 /) ) - / +/) , * ) )/
( ) 3 -/ / ) ,
& ( * )+4 1 +-/, , * ) * *+ ,) , ,,
/ /) / )+ +/)
(0 / 0 / , ) 1 G- , )
(0 /- 0 / , ) 1 G- , )
( 0, -+/ , /
(0 / - ,+)+4 1 G- ,
&(0 / - ,+)+4 / .3/ -/-+4
V ( )+).
J ( 0 +--+4
( -/ / G+ ,
!(+ - . * -/ / 1 G+- ,/ + E.+-/
FF ( ) 3 -/ / 1 G+- ,/
F ( ) 3 -/ / ,/ -/ / 1+1/
F ( ) 3 -/ / * / /,
( /) /.+
C(- /--+4
( / + .* / /
( .* / / +0 .
$ ( -/ / G+ E ,+-/ % * )+4 , 0, 9 / /
$F ( 1+ ) 3 ,/ ) 3 -/ /
$ ( 1+ ) 3 ,/ ) - /
;
!SW ! ! ! JF W R & ! F !
" ./ / '
+) -/ ,/ +) / -+/ ,/ ) , / -/ /) % ,/ -/ / .E) * 4I+./ /

,,/# * 9 */)/ * ,- , # , .EI+. . . 0, I+4 / 1+ /
)+.*, . /* %/ / ) - / -/)+ )+ .* 3/9 ,/ -/ / .E) * 4I+./ / ,/
) ,/ -/) + /, / +) / -+/)# ) 3+-/ 3/9 ,/ -/ / .E) * )/ /
0 - # , -/ /) . ) / # ./ . . ) , *
+ -+ ,/ -/ / 5 . )
(
< 5 @ 6
3 3
<
"F I '
( I "F I '
F
"F I '
! 5 ( I "3 A 3< ' <3 <
F
!5
// ! 5 .EI# >
I
Z " I' A "F I '[ ( >

F
F
I(
<
) -+
F
< 5 @ 6
3 3
<
!.EI (
"F I '
( I("F '8< 8< I("F '8<
F
8<
F8< F8
FP JF & ! F
. F F F
> @F
@
/. " − . ≤ I ≤ >' ! =− I
6
@ 5 @
/. "> ≤ I ≤ F ' ! = I − I
6 F< 6
? < @D BF
/. "F ≤ I ≤ <F ' ! =− <
I5 + I − I+
5F 6F 6 6
5 < <D BF
/. "<F ≤ I ≤ 5F ' ! = I5 − I + I−
6 F< 6F 6 6
F
/. "5F ≤ I ≤ 5F + ' ! =− I+
6 6
<
5;
/. " − . ≤ I ≤ >' !J = I
;6
B 5;
/. J "> ≤ I ≤ > @F ' !J = <
I5 + I
;6 F ;6
B 5B <F
/. J "> @F ≤ I ≤ F ' !J = <
I5 − I+
;6 F ;6 6
< 6@ < ?< @B F

/. "F ≤ I ≤ <F ' !J = − <
I5 + I − I+
6F ;6 F ;6 ;6
< D < 6< @B F

/. "<F ≤ I ≤ 5F ' !J = <
I5 − I + I−
;6 F <6 F ;6 ;6
< DF
/. "5F ≤ I ≤ 5F + ' !J = − I+
;6 ;6
<' = I
6F
5 5 B
/. "> ≤ I ≤ F ' =− 5
I + I
6F 6F
<@ < 5
5
F !
F ! +,+ / ,/ -/ / CF ?5 -/,- ,/ * )+.*, . /* %/
<6 > . , + */ / , ) / ,+.+ )+) -+/ ' , . . *
) 3 -/ / - ,- , \ <' , . . .EI+. * ) 3 -/ /
, -+4
'! . * ) 3 -/ / - ,- ,
' /.+4 +) H
+,+ / ,/ , / + 0, -+/ . . 0, - */ / ,/ ) --+4 - /, ,

* # * )+-+ /. ) , -/.+4 CF ?5 ./ / ) , ) .EI+. )
1/, ) - . ) . ) /
F
5D @B @B
@ 5> @ 5>
<6. <6.
F ! F
@ >.
@ >.
< 6. I < 6.
(D <6.
<6.
,. . 0, - * -/.+4 ,- , )
! F = 5 D " @ >.' + @ B "D <6.' + @ B " @ >.' = D; ?@ − .
' / . +) H
. )+.+,/ ) + */ / , E .
F
< <
<>
<6. <6.
F ! F
6 D6.
D <6.
5<
! F = < "D <6.' + < "6 D6.' = 55 7 8.
<6. <6.
F ! F
D <6.
! F = > ?D 8 . "] I <6. I D <6.' = ;6 − .
3 . ) - .3+ / /G / , -/.+4 E . +) H - ,/ -/ / -/ +, )
-/) )- . )# * ) - +-/# ,/ - .3+ /-+4 -/.+4 +) H - -/ / -/ +,
- )+ / / .E) , + - . * -/ / + E.+-/ , 55N */ / ,/ -/ /
-/.+4
!.EI"FFA !' ( D; ?@ ." 55'A;6 .( <?B 5D .
<' ! . .EI+. * ) 3 -/ /
< ' /.+4 +) H
3+-/. ) , -/.+4 CF ?5 ,/ * )+-+4 ,/ ) ,/ ./ . . ) ,

- 9
O"55 < '( @ 5>." @ B 'AB D>."5 D '

O( < B6.
F # ,/ +) / -+/ @6. ) +)* */ )+ /, ) - )* - /, -

,
E ,/ )+ + +)* )+-+4 -/ /)
5D @B @B
@ 5> @ 5>
@6 O(< B6
(55 <
55
-F
5D @B @B
@ 5> @ 5>
> ;<6 > ;<6
!.EI
W( ;;6 .
<6. <6.
( 6 D@
,. . .EI+. - 3/9 ,/ -/ / .E) - -/ / / ,/ ) ,/ # / I( ;;6.

, /* % + +
!.EI = 6 D@ " ;;6.' − 5 D "@ 5>.' ( DB DB .
< ' / . +) H
. ) / ,/ * )+-+4 . . .EI+.
-F
< <
> 5>
D>
> 5>
!.EI
(<< @
<6. <6.
( > ?5
!.EI = > ?5 " < 6. > 5>.' ( 55 56 .
< ' / / -/ +,
3 . ) - .3+ / /G / , -/.+4 E . +) H - ,/ -/ / -/ +,
) -/) )- . )# * ) - +-/# ,/ - .3+ /-+4 -/.+4 +) H - -/ /
-/ +,# ,/ * )+-+4 W( ;;6. , /* % + +
> ?D 8.
!-/ +,
W( ;;6 .
<6. <6.
( <
5@
> ?D 8 ." ;;6.'<

!-/ +, = < " ;;6.' −
<
!-/ +, ( ;@ ;6 .
)+ / ,+ - . * -/ / + E.+-/ */ / ,/ -/ / -/.+4 . )
!.EI"FFA !' ( DB DB" 55'A;@ ;6 ( <?? >5 .
" , * +- # */ / F(<6 >> . ) 3+ !.EI"FFA !' ( <?? >6 . #

W( ;B. '
F ! < /,- ,/ , * 3, ./ / + # ,/ /--+4 .EI+./ * ) 3 -/ /

* 1 -/ / * / -/ / CF ?5
, -+4
' /.+4 +) H
@B @B 5D
@ 5> @ 5>
<6 .
(<? @<
' / . +) H
< <
<>
<6 .
(< BD
' / / -/ +,
?D> 7 8.
<6 .
( <
F .EI "FFA !' ( <? @<" 55'A < ( 6 5 .
" , * +- # */ / F(<6 >> . ) 3+ .EI "FFA !' (6 < . '

56
F ! 5 .*/ / * )+.*, . /* %/ @ .
, + # , . . % /--+4 .EI+./ * ) 3 -/ / * 1 -/ ) * ,
1 G - , 5 5 % * ,/ -/ / CF ?5
, -+4
/' ! . * ) 3 -/ /
/ ' & G- , 5 5
• .+ /. ) ,/ 3+-/-+4 ,/ ) ,/ , -/ /) ) * +
, )D 9 )) - / ) 3 ,*
56 .
B 55
; ? ? B 55 B 55 <5? ?@ .
5 6> <> @ <6 <> <> W= = @ B>.
6>
(6>
/ / , -/,+ / , * . . .EI+. # 3+) -/. ) ,/ +) / -+/ G/%

,/ ) , / % , 9 .E) - -/ / ,,/# * , 9 - /, ,/ 1+ /
F
B 55
; ? ? B 55 B 55
5 6> <> @ <6 <> <>
B6 < @>
> ?<6 > ?<6
W ( @ B> .
!.EI
5;6 <;6
(< ;> (6>

; >> ; >>
5D
,. . * ) 3 -/ / .EI+. ) E
!)8- ( < ;> "D >;6.' ; "@ ;>.' ? " <.' ( BB >D .
• .+ /. ) ,/ 3+-/-+4 ,/ ) ,/ , -/ /) ) * +
/G / )4, 6 9 ) ) - / ) 3 ,*
; B6 .
B 55
? ? B 55 B 55
<> @ <6 <> <> D> @BB .
W= = 5 ;5< .
@5
(@5
/ / , -/,+ / , * . . .EI+. # 3+) -/. ) ,/ +) / -+/ G/%
,/ ) , / % , 9 .E) - -/ / ,,/# * , 9 - /, ,/ 1+ /
F
B 55
? ? B 55 B 55
<< D <> @ <6 <> <>
> DDD
> DDD
!.EI
D 55@.
(@5
(<5 66 ( ? @6
; >> ; >>
,. . * ) 3 -/ / .EI+. ) E
!)8- ( ? @6 "D 55@.' M B 55 " <>.' B 55 "< @>.' ( ?5 < .
./ , ./% , ) . . ) + - . / * -/ / + E.+-/ */ / ,
)/ , .+ )+) -+/ - !(> 55# . )
!)8-A ! ( ?5 < .I 55 ( <5 ?; .
/ <' / / CF ?5
,/ /3,/ , * +- # */ / F( @ >> .
! 8 A! ( <D
<D B; .
) -/) , . . * 1 -/ * ,/ -/ / CF ?5# ) ./% ,

* -+ * , 1 G- , 5 5
5;
3' /--+4 .EI+./ * ) 3 -/ /
3 ' & G- , 5 5
F/ .EI+./ /--+4 - * )+-+ / , 1 G- , ,/ )+ + ./ /
B 55
B 55 B 55 ? ? ;
<> <> @ <6 <> 5 6>
< D6
(5< B6
@ >>
F # .EI ( 5< B6
- . / * -/ / + E.+-/ */ / , )/ , .+ )+) -+/ -

!(> 55# . )
)8-A ! ( 5< B6 I 55 ( @5 D?
/ <' / / CF ?5
,/ /3,/ , * +- # */ / F( @ >> .
.EI ( @ B?
) -/) ,/ /--+4 * 1 -/ / * ,/ -/ / CF ?5# ) . ,/ * -+ /

* , 1 G- , 5 5
5B
F ! @ .*/ / * )+.*, . /* %/ <6 .

, + # , . . % /--+4 .EI+./ * ) 3 -/ / * 1 -/ ) * )
1 G - , ) 5 5 +) / -+/ ) ? >>. - . ) . ) /# % * ,/ -/ / CF ?5
, -+4
/' ! . * ) 3 -/ /
/ ' & G- , 5 5
.+ /. ) * +. ,/ 3+-/-+4 ,/ ) ,/ , -/ /) *
* )+-+ / ) ,/ , + <6 .
<> 56
B 55
; ? ? B 55 B 55 ;
5 6> <> @ <6 <> <> ? >>
(6;
./ . . ) , 2, +. 9 # . )
6; "W' ( B 55 "? >.'AB 55 " > <>.'AB 55 " @>.'A? " 6 D6.'A
? " D B6.' A ; "<> 56.'
, ,/ ) ,/ ) 3+-/
DB? B6 .
W= = < >.
6;
5?
/ / , -/,+ / , * . . .EI+. # 3+) -/. ) ,/ +) / -+/ G/% ,/

) ,/ % , 9 .E) - -/ / ,,/# * , 9 - /, ,/ 1+ /
F
B 55
; ? ? B 55 B 55 ;
5 6> < @ <6 < < ? >>
56 56
!.EI
(6;
5 ?> > ;6
(<? 5>
< 6> < 6>
,. . * ) 3 -/ / .EI+. ) E
!)8- ( <? 5> " < B6.' ? "@ <6.' ? "6 @6.' M ; "B ?6.'
!)8- ( <<D 6D .
)+ / , + - . * -/ / + E.+-/ */ / , )/ , .+
)+) -+/# !(> 55# . )
!)8-A ! ( <<D 6D .I 55 ( 5> 5< .
/ <' / / CF ?5
,/ /3,/ , * +- # */ / F(<6 >> .
! 8 A! ( <?? >6 .
) -/) , . . * 1 -/ * , 1 G- , 5 5# ) ./% ,
* -+ * ,/ -/ / CF ?5
3' /--+4 .EI+./ * ) 3 -/ /
3 ' & G- , 5 5
F/ .EI+./ /--+4 - * )+-+ / , 1 G- , ,/ )+ + ./ /

@>
B 55 B 55
B 55 B 55 ? ? ; B 55 B 55
<> <> @ <6 <> 5 6> ? >> <> <>
< <6
(@5 B@
<6 >>
F # .EI ( @5 B@
- . / * -/ / + E.+-/ */ / , )/ , .+ )+) -+/ -

!(> 55# . )
)8-A ! ( @5 B@ I 55 ( 6B 5
3 <' / / CF ?5
,/ /3,/ , * +- # */ / F(<6 >> .
.EI (6 <
) -/) ,/ /--+4 * 1 -/ / * ) 1 G- , ) 5 5# ) ./% ,/

* -+ / * ,/ -/ / CF ?5
@
F ! 6 * - + ) /. ) + /, ) > .
, + -/ / # -/,- ,/ , .EI+. . . * )+ +1 % / +1 *
) 3 -/ / * 1 -/ ) * ,/ -/ / CF ?5
>. >.
, -+4
/' !EI+. . . * )+ +1
3) 1/ , ) E0+- ) , * +- .+ /. ) , .EI+. . .
* )+ +1 , * - / > @F /* % I + +,+ / /, , /
+ 0, -+/ ) * - .* 3/ ,/ - .3+ /-+4 - +-/ ) E . %
) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / )-/ * 1 -/ , .EI+. )0 # * )+-+ /. ) ,
E .- . ) . ) / ,/ 0+ / F/ ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / ,/ /*,+-/. ) )4,
,E /* )+ +1/ , E0+- F/ - .3+ /-+4 -/.+4 % ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + /# *
* 1 -/ )0 ). )# ) - )+ / /
,. . * E . +) H )
"A'! E . ( < "< >D@.' A < " 6@ .' ( @> 5B .
,. . * ,/ ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / , * +. /. )
"A'!)8- +) +3 ( > ?D 8. "? 6<6 .Q' ( ? @ .

@<
,. . * )+ +1 * ) 3 -/ / .EI+. # - )+ / ,+ - . * -/ /
+ E.+-/ */ / , ) / , .+ )+) -+/# !(> 55# )
"A'!)8-A ! ( @> 5B .I 55 A ? @ . ( D< B6 .
3' !EI+. . . / +1
, .EI+. . . / +1 , * - , /* % - /,
+,+ / ,/ , / + 0, -+/ */ / . . +-G /* % ) - .* 3/ ,/
- .3+ /-+4 - +-/ ) -/.+4 % ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / )-/ * 1 -/ ,
.EI+. )0 # * )+-+ /. ) , -/.+4 +) H - , ) 9 ) * ) + ) ,/)
/ /) .EI+./)# /, - . ) . ) / ,/ 0+ / V /E ) ) 9 )
) */ / ) B @6< . F/ ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / ,/ /*,+-/. ) /.3 ) /. ) F/
- .3+ /-+4 E . % ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + /# * * 1 -/ )0 ). )#
) - )+ / /
,. . * -/.+4 +) H )
" ' !-/.+4 ( 5 D " > 5D>.'A @ B " > ?D<.' A @ B " > ?D<.' ( <? ;; .
,. . * ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / )
" '!)8- +) +3 ( > ?D 8. " < 5;6 .Q' ( BB .
, . . / +1 * ) 3 -/ / .EI+. # - )+ / , + - . *
-/ / + E.+-/ */ / , ) / , .+ )+) -+/# !(> 55# )
" '!)8-A ! ( <? ;; .I 55 M BB . ( 6 @; .

@5
+,+ / , * /./ -4.* V + # ) 3+ ,/ 1 ,1

. . ) * -/ / 1+1/ ./ / E0+-/ % /3 ,/ . . ) /* -+/#
+1+ + -/ / /. + ) --+ )# , .EI+. . . * )+ +1 * -/ / 1+1/
- ,/ ) --+4 I( > @ F# - 1/, AD D <B?I >^ . "AD< B< .' ,
.EI+. . . / +1 - , /* % - /,# - 1/, 6>@ @B?I >^
. " 6 @5 .' F ) ) , / ) ) )+.+,/ ) / AD< B6 . % 6 @; .# 1/, )
3 + ) / /, +-/.
@@
F ! D * - + ) /. ) + /, ) <> .
, + -/ / # -/,- ,/ /* % + + , ) . . ) +) H *
) 3 -/ / * 1 -/ ) * ,/ -/ / CF ?5
<> . <> . <> .
, -+4
/' F / 0, -+/ . . 0, -
/0+-/. ) ,/ , / + 0, -+/ "1 Y ' G/-+ ) ,/) )+ + )
I* )+ )
/. "> ≤ I ≤ <>'
% =
6>>
(I 5
− @>>I )
/. "<> ≤ I ≤ @>'
%=
<>>
(− I 5
+ >B I< − 5DB> I + 5B @>> )
/. "@> ≤ I ≤ D>'
%=
D>>>
(I 5
− B> I< + > @>> I − ?< >>> )
3' !EI+. . . / +1
+,+ / /, , / + 0, -+/# )* ) /,+ / ,/) - .3+ /-+ ) -/ / 1+1/
/*,+-/3, )# - /. ) , .EI+. . . / +1 - - ,
* )+-+ /.+ ) -/.+ )_ % ,/ ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / /, - . ) . ) /#
- )+ / /- / ,/) )* -+0+-/-+ ) , ?> * -+ +-G/
) ,+-+ /-+4 F ) ) -/.+ ) ) -/) ) E +) / -+/ ) 6 . , 9
,/ -/.+4 % , 9 * ) + ,
@6
,. . * ) -/.+ ) +) H )
" '!< -/.+ ) ( 5 D " > BB>.' A @ B " ;@?. < >@B.' A5 D " 6?5.' A
@ B " 5DB. > ;>?.'
( ?6 B5B .
,. . * ,/ ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / )
" '!)8- +) +3 ( > ?D 8. " @D < .Q' ( @@ 56 .
, . . .EI+. / +1 * ) 3 -/ /# - )+ / , + - . *
-/ / + E.+-/ */ / , ) / , .+ )+) -+/# !(> 55# )
" '!)8-A ! ( > ?> Z" ?6 B5B .'I 55 A " @@ 56 .'[ ( 6@ D5 .
_ F/ +,+ /-+4 , ?> * -+ ,/ ) ,+-+ /-+4 ) -/.+ ) % ,/ -/ / -/ +,

) .*, / , -/) . . ) / +1 ) * ) - /0, I+4 3+ /
/ -/ / +0 . ), ) /. ) " - , 5 D 5 ' ) -/) - . )
/* -+/ , E0+- # , /* % + + ) - / , /. - /0, I+4
? 65.# E.3+ */ / , - /, ) /*,+-/3, , + +-/ F )* ) - /0, I+4 */ /
/ 1+ / - / ) /. ) + /, ) / 0+ + ) *
F = > BF = D . # F < = > @;D@F = ? 65 . # F 5 = > @@;<F = B ?@ . # - F = <>.
-' !EI+. . . * )+ +1
, .EI+. . . * )+ +1 # )* ) /,+ / ,/) - .3+ /-+ ) -/ / 1+1/
/*,+-/3, )# ) - / * )+-+ / ,/ , / + 0, -+/ , -/.+4 +) H
- 9 * ) + ,/ / / .EI+./# /, - . ) . ) / ,/ 0+ / F/
) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / ,/ /*,+-/. ) 2 +-/. , E / * )+ +1/
@D
,. . * -/.+4 +) H )
"A' !-/.+4 ( 5 D "> 5D6.'A @ B "> 6 <.' A @ B "> @5;.' ( 6 5D .
,. . * ) 3 -/ / +) +3 + / )
"A'!)8- +) +3 ( > ?D 8. "D D> .Q' ( D 5@ .
,. . * )+ +1 .EI+. * ) 3 -/ /# - )+ / ,+ - . * -/ /
+ E.+-/ */ / , ) / , .+ )+) -+/# !(> 55# )
"A'!)8-A ! ( 6 5D .I 55 A D 5@ . ( <D ;; .
+,+ / ,* /./ -4.* V + #) 3+ ,/ 1 ,1 . . )

* -/ / 1+1/ ./ / E0+-/ % /3 ,/ . . ) /* -+/ +1+ + -/ /
/. + ) --+ )# , /* % < , .EI+. . . / +1 ) 6 5 I >D
. " 6@ ^ . "A<
"A<D
D B;
B;
.' F ) ) , / ) ) )+.+,/ ) / 6@ D5 . % A<D ;; .# 1/, ) 3 + )
/ /, +-/.
@;
<
/, - . ) ) H/,/ 5D 5 C F J # ,/) -/ /) + /, ) +) H
) E 3/)/ /) ,/ + 0 ./-+4 )- + / 5D < C F J - +
/ ) ) 3 1 G- , ) +* `, X 3 %a - * ) ) G/) / 6> + ) - )+ /
* 3/3, G/%/ .2, +*, ) -/ +, ) - 1 )+ ) .E) * )/ /) ) +*
1 G- , # ) 3 + 1 )+ / , . . / +1 % ,/) /--+ ) , ) /* % )
+ + ) */ / */ ) / .) +) H ) */ / ) B >> . % < >> .#
- .3+ /-+4 - ,/ -/ / -/ +, 3 )/ , >> * -+ /,
) ,+-+ /-+4
@B
F ! ; /,- ,/ ,/ 0 / 0 / % ,/ 0 / 1+ /- 2/
) 3 , *+,/ - /, , * . ) / # ) 1 /) , 1+ + -+
* * +- ,/ . /, 9 , + + /, , * +,+ / 1 G - , CF ?5 %
)* -+0+-/-+ ) C F J
5> . 5> .
, -+4
/' J / J /
/- - ,/) )* -+0+-/-+ )# ,/ 0 / 0 / ) E ,/ ./%

<6N , )* ) )* 9 -/.+4 / . +) H
6N , -/.+4 / . +) H .E) ,/ -/ / -/ +,
) -/) , * ) , 1 G - , CF ?5 ) 55 < # * ) , / . << @ # -/ /

-/ +, > ?D 8.
F/ 0 / 0 / ) -/,- ,/ - , ) -/ +, ) / )* / E0+- ,/ .+)./

+ --+4 ) .+ / 0 , ) ) -/ +, ) / )* / E0+- ,/ .+)./
+ --+4 % - )+ / , 0/- * ) -+/ .2, +*, .( >># . )
( > <6 I 55 > 8 /* % ( D D>

< ( > <6 I << @ I > ( <>
5 ( > >6 Z55 < A"5>. A 5>.' > ?D 8.[I ( ? >B
@ ( > >6 Z<< @ A"5>. A 5>.' > ?D 8.[I ( B >>
F # ,/ 0 / 0 / ) E D D> # /*,+-/ / / B> . ) 3 ,/ ) * 0+-+

-/, / /
J ( DD
B> .
5> . 5> .
1 G - , 5 5 -+ - ,/ * +-G * / / 1 , -+ / D> 7.8G# /,

0 / / / ) > ) )# * 1 -/ E ) 2 ,/) , % ) ,/ 0 )+-/ /
0 / 0 / + /, /
J(./
@?
J (0 /
<
$ 6> −)
. = ./)/ = = <
=6 >
? B. 8 ) .
1 D> 7. 8 G D D; . 8 ) <
/ = /- , /- = = = = D; . 8 )
>) >)
<
−) <
J= 6 > I D;. 8 ) = B 6<
.
< 1 /) ) E
J ( <IB 6< ( ; >@
.*/ / ) ) ,/ - , 1/, 3 + */ / ,/ -/ / CF ?5 ,/) ./)

C F J
3' / / &+
3 ' 3 ,/ ) * ) - /
F/ -/ / 1+ ) /) . /- 2/ +0 . . ) 3 , E / I* ) / /, 1+
, E / I* ) / ) ./ * * +- ,/ / ,/ + --+4 , 1+ F/ 1 , -+ / ,
1+ 3E)+-/ 1/ / ) 2 ,/ , -/,+ / % ) ./ E - . & ( D> 7.8G
<
&O & O<
= = "5 B < '
& <6D>>
( * )+4 3E)+-/ , 1+ ( <@6 7 8.< " /3,/ 5 B < '

( * )+4 , 1+ +) H
& O ( 1 , -+ / , 1+ / ,/ /, / +) H
) .+ ,/ /, / , ) - .* ) ,* ) . )/ >.) 3
,/ , / + /" > .'# & O (& ( & > ( D> 7.8G
< <
&O D>
= = <@6 = <@6 7 8 .<
& D>
F/ -/ / ) E
J$ * ( <@6 7 8.. A 5>.' 8 < ( << >6

6>
J ( @ 6>
$F
B> .
6> .
J ( << >6
$ * 5 >> .
6> .
3 <' 3 ,/ ) 3 ) - /
-/,- ,/ 3/) / / * )+4 , 1+ ?@ 7 8.< " /3,/ 5 B < '
J$ 3 ( ?@ 7 8.. I <>. ( > >. I 6 >>. ( > ?;
<> .
<> .
J ( > > .
< 6> .
J ( > ?;
$ 3<
< 6> .
3 5' 3 ,/ -/ / 1+1/
F/ * )+4 , 1+ ) 3 , ) 1 G- , ) ) * ) / - . 0 /
+ .*+3, % .41+, 6> 7 8. " /3,/ 5 B 5 ' /- / ./, / ,/ -/, / /
% / B> . ) 3 ,/ .+)./
J$ F ( 6> 7 8. "5>. A 5>.' 8 < ( @ 6>

6
F ! B .+ / , .* 9 * 0, /-+4 * ,/ * ) -+/ , +1 ,
0 E +- ,/ /*/ / ,/ - , . / . ) / / - )* /, *+,/
* F/ /*/ / + - . +. )+ ) *,/ / @ >>. I @ >>.
+1 ,
J / +-
> 6> .
@ >> .
, -+4
F/ 0 / .* 9 * 0, /-+4 )
( &( 8.^ "@. I @. I > 6>.'

(B
&(1 , . / / )*,/ / ,/ /*/ /

( * ) )* - 0+- ,/ /
!
" # $ %&
! #' # $ $ & %& (' ) #& &% # ) & $ *%($ #
&% # $ #+ $ & )&# ) $ # ,$ -% ! # ' # ) #& $ & #
$ ( # $ &% # , % # .&# & / 0%+ # % 1 ' ' $( & #
$ & )& )&$(* &% ( ( & &% , ( # -2 '& & $& &# 3
#4 # # &) #5 $ & ) &% , ( 6& / 0% & 0%+ )& )&$(*
& $ & & # 7
! # ' # 6( &# #(%') % &' 3& # $&%8( # #& ) $ #

.&# & -9% ! # ' # 6( &# $ ( &# # % 1 ' ' $( & # $ &
) # &% # ( ( #' # & &) ( 7 & 9 6 $ # )& ) ( ) #
&% # , % # ' # 6( &+ $ &% # , ( # / 0% & %:#+ )&
)&$(* # ( & # 7; & 9/
' 6( &# $ ( &# 8( (# <& + ) ' &) )&# # $$( #

#( $ $& )&# $ #( & # % % + 6& (& # % (% )
$ .&# & %:,(% ) # &' 3 # &) # $&# #+ ) 4 $ )& $& &
% & ) (# < # $ 4&6 &8) %
! # ' # # $$(* $&1* # #' $(&)% $ % & #

&)( &%( # $ 6 # & & # &) & #(# $(& #( &) 3 )& ' #(8()( &
%& )& # $$(* & #6 #&) $ # &
$ ( &$(* + ) $ # ' # $ $ $ # ( #
= ! = ! >?%" ! >?%"
! #& 2& - ! #&+ - &% # BB
@( &# - & -9 - -
)&$& #*)( & &$ - ! #&+ 7 &% # AAA
@( &# $ 6& &# &$ A * ($ #*)( -
' ($& 6( &# 2
@( &# + - &% # 0 0
- -
@( &# + 7 &% # - 0 -&
0- 0
&1* + 7 &% # A -9 A &
-7 -; -7
-" $ #4 &
! #' # $ $ ' #4 & ?' #& 3 ' # #& " ' %( $
) %') %& (&) # #(# $(& ) 6& &+ $( )&# (% #( # )&
# $$(* & #6 #&) 3 ) & $ #( ( $ %& ' # $ ( &$(* +
&) &# ) $ # ' # ' #4 & # $ # ( #
-
= ! = ! >?%" ! >?%"
! #& B& - ! #& / /& - 0 -
! #& $ &)6 ) # B& 0 ! #& $ &)6 ) # 0- 0 & 7- 7-
8) -& A @( &# C -0 & 77
&1* $ & 6&$ & ) 7A @( &# C 7/ 7/
) & ' # #& &
@( & C 0 & 7/ &1* BA BA&2 2
@( &# A & 72 A 7 -9 9 A 7 &
@( &# &1* -9 & 72 -7 - -; 9 -7 -
7" # $
! #' # &$ # $$(* $ %' # & # ) &% ()( & 6( &#
% :)($&#+ ) & ) $ # .&# & 00% ! # ' # % :)($ # & %& &
&)$& & ) # -/% ) (# < & $ # )) & .&# & 0/% $ ( &$(* +
) $ # ' # &$ 3& $ # ( #
= ! = ! >?%" ! >?%"
@( &# )&%( & &#+ - & -0 @( &# )&%( & &# 0 -/ 0
$ %' # # &
@( &# )&%( & &#+ $ %' # # 0& -0 -0 7/ -0
@( &# & %& &#+ $ %' # # 7/ & 90 @( &# & %& &# 7/ 72 7/
@( &# %& &#+ $ %' # # 7/ & 00 @( &# $&1* 7/ 72 7/
@( &# $&1* 7/ & 00 &
%& &# # 8 3 8&1 )& B/ & -/ B/ -/ B/
$&) & & @( &# )&%( & &# 0 -/ 0
%& &# 8&1 )& $&) & & 2/ & -/ &
%& &# $ $ & &# 90 -0 7/ -0
# 8 )& $&) & & @( &# & %& &# 7/ 72 7/
$ B/ & 0/
$ # )& & # B/ & A/
9" =& &

! # ' # %& & # ()( & 4($( % $ ) $ # .&# & -/%
$&%( # ' $& $( $ )&$(* $ 6 . $ ) # )(6(& # $ ( &$(* + ) $ #
' # %& & 3& $ # ( #
= ! = ! >?%"
=& &# & ( & 00
@( &# %& & )&%( & & D $)&6& & 9B 0- 9B
%& & 0 - 7/ 0 7/ 0 9 B
')& &4 %& $)&6& & BABABA
')& &4 %& & #6 #&)% 79
' #4 & &
7
- ! =E =
- 4 ( & # % (%&# '& & # ' # $ &# ' 4 ( & $ #&
F! ) &% ) #& ?%%"

!F! ) &% ' ?%%"
- - &8) # $ ' 3& # ) % #! ( ( &) # ? B; "

!& &) & &8) $ $ 8 : # %&3 ( &) ; 0 $%
- 7 = (% #' # ) # &8) # $ $ 6 )& ( ? 7;7 -"

& # ' & #(# %& ' # #% & # ) &8) / -/%
& & #(# %&# ' # # % & # )& &)% / 7/%
& # ' & '& &% # 8& &# $ $ / -/%
7 ! G! H I
#(# $(& & )& 4) ,(* %&3 & & =
= FJ= ?0 ; 7 - "
= F #(# $(& %( &)

J F 4&$ #(# $(& #' $(4($& ) 009-
#(# $(& %( &) & )& 4) ,(* =
& & L L L & & .

= = 4 ?
'# '# ' − "+ 4?
# 3 # − "− # 3 4? # − " + / A04$L ?8 − 8 K "β .4 ? − 4 "
- - - - -
?0 ; 7 - - "
9
(# & $(& $ ) 1 3 )& $& & $ %' (%( &
& & $ %' &%( # $$(*
L L
4 +
'# ' 4 −
# 3 4 − / A0β 4$L ?8 − 8 K ".4
# 3
$= ?0 ; 7 7"
4'
/ A04$L β 8 K + M '#
'
& & $ %' &%( # $$(* $& )&
L L
4 +
'# ' 4 −
# 3 4
# 3
$= ?0 ; 7 9"
L
4'
/ A04 β 8 + M $ '#
'
4'3
M = -? /9 − "
4'
'# F : & &$ )' #&
# F : & )& & %& & &$$(* ' #& &
N# F : & )& & %& & $ %' #(*
& F $ O 5 &) & ) (& &%& #( # (6&)
8 F & $. )& $& & $ %' (%( & ) ) %
8K F & $. ) &)%& (:% & # $$(* $( $ )&
$ F (# & $(& ) 1 3 )& $& & $ %' %( &
' F (# & $(& )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' (%( & 3 ) 8& ($ ) # #
' #&
' F (# & $(& )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' (%( & 3 ) 8& ($ ) # #
' #&
# F (# & $(& )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' (%( & 3 ) 8& ($ )& & %& &
&$$(* ' #& &
N# F (# & $(& )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' (%( & 3 ) 8& ($ )& & %& &
$ %' #(*
4'# F #(* % (& ) &$ ' #& & )& #(# $(& %( &) & )& 4) ,(*
4' F #(# $(& & )& &$$(* #' $(4($& & ) &$ ' #&
4'3 F #(* 4) $(& ) &$ ' #&
43 F #(* 4) $(& #' $(4($& & )&# 8& &# & %& &
4N3 F #(* 4) $(& #' $(4($& & )& & %& & $ %' #(*
4N$ F #(# $(& & )& $ %' #(* #' $(4($& & ) . %( * & -A &#
.4 F &) & ) &)& $ %' (%( & ) % # $$(* 8)
O F 4&$ '& & ) (& &%& #( #+ #' $(4($& 0;--
9 C G P Q @ ! !
= ! ! ! ! RG
) & $. (6&) )&# 4&1&# ) ( ( &) # & '& & $ $ % '& &
% % $ $& () $& & + # $( # ) &# &#+ ( $) 3 )
4 $ ' # $(& %S) (') + #
F -0/ U / 9- ! T ?9 2 - 7 "
0
) & $. (6&) )&# 4&1&# ) ( ( &) # ' $& () & '& & $ $ %
'& & % % $ %:# $& () $& & + #
T
F - // U / - ! T ?9 2 - 7 -"
!
F & $. (6&) ?%%"

! F% 6&) ?%%" ) ( &) 3 A%
T F% 6&) ?%%" & $. &) 3 A% '& & $& & %S) (') # $& () # *
B% '& & $& & # ) $& ()
T F & $. 4 #($ ) #8 # )' ?%%"
! F S% $& () # (# <
&& 8 )& $& & ' ( & & $. )& 4&1& (6&) + # (6( )&
$& & &) S ($ $& () (# < ' ) & $. 4&1& $&)$ )&
0 C G P Q @ ! !
= ! ! ! RG
' %& $ % # #' $(4($& )& &8)& #( (
2
F # '& &$(* ) # ) % # &' 3 ?%%"

C F &) & ) &8) ?%%"
! F) ( ) &% ) &8) ?%%"
F $& & 1 ? "
8 F # '& &$(* )&# 8& &# ) %'& ())& ?%%"
U=F % % ' #( (6
=F % % & (6
H F (# & $(& )& $& & 3 ) ' &' 3 ?%%"
2 V ! !
& & %( & ) # %:,(% # % % # ' # 8 $& & (# < ) #&#
&8) +# ' ()( & )& &8)& 9 ! #% % # # &')($&8) # '& & &8) #
&' 3& # $ % % (% # 6( &# 3 $ 3 & $. ) # 1 # )&# 6( &#
, ( # # & ' ) % # 9 -/ % ! # 6&) # &8 )& # ( $) 3 ) # 4&$ #
' # $(& %S) (') 3 ) ( $ % ' $& & ( :%($& & & (# & $(&#
(4 # & )&# )(# & &#+ # ' #(8) ( ' )&
;
; =W ! G I = =
@ ? 9 2 - - -"
(%8 ) && ()( &
F # '& &$(* 6( &# &)%&# ?%%"

!F) ( &% )& 6( & ?%%"
-
X F ? 6( & + " F '& :% ( ( ) ( ( &) ?%%9"
6( &
=
&8)
$ = / /97γ $ 0 4$L + = & ?0 9 - 9 "

L - 7
$ = 0+799 4 + $ M Y $% +$ γ $ = -+ 7-/ M Y %
F: & )& 6( & ?%%-"

F 6( & F % % ( $(& )& 6( & ?%%9"
F (# & $(& ) &)%& , ( & 6( & , ( 3 ) 8 ( (
$ * 8& & '& & ) :4($ ?%%"
F (# & $(& ) #$ # &6 & )& 6( & 8&# 3 ) &8) ?%%"
# F ' 4 ( & )& ) #& . %( * ?%%"
$ F S% $ ) )&# & 6( & $&1* . %( *
8 F S% 6( &# )& #
TF % ( )& # '& &$(* &)%&#+ %:# ) 6 ) &) ?%%"
8 F & $. )& 6( & ?%%"
F ' 4 ( & )& 6( & )& ?%%"
F 4&$ $ $$(*
F 4&$ (# (8 $(*
XF$ #& '& & (4 # (' # $ # $$(*
P F$ #& #( &) @ & ?%%9"
! F S% $& () # (# <
8 F S% 6( &# )& #
F & $. (# (8 $(* ' $& () ?%%"
F '& :% ( (
F $ 4($( (##
F ' 4 ( & %'& ())& &$ ')& $.& &$ $ & +
( $) 3 )& # 8 $&'& . %( * $ %' . %( * # $ &)
( &)+ % # & ) & $(& '& & $ #( & ) # 4 $ # ) ' )( +
& & # &# ?%%"
)% % 4) $ 3$ ' # 8 $& & 6( &# $ &8) # . %( *

# ' %( & &')($& )& 4 &$$(* ' $& () #' $(4($& & Z [ )&# &8)&#
# ' ' $( &
%:#+ )&# $& &# ' %& # ) &8) 3 )&# &$ S& # 8 ) %(#%
# ' (# (8 ( (4 % % )&# 6( &# 3Y )& #? 92-- "
& & ) $:)$ ) ) #& )(%( 4& ( &+ 8 : ()( & # ) $&%(*
(# < 3 )&# # )($( &$( # (6( ( # ' -/ ? 72 -"
A
B
/
-
7
&# @( &# , ( #? 92--- 3 9 2 - - 78"
) % % 4) $ 3 $ & ' # 8 $& & # ' %( & &')($& )&

4 &$$(* ' $& () #' $(4($& & !& (# & $(& # %& & $ % ' #( (6& #( ) &)%&
, ( # & .&$(& )& $& & ( ( )& 8& & '& & ) :4($ + & (6& #(
# & .&$(& 4 &
' # 6( & 3 ) #& $ (&4 & %&# %& $ # & #6 #&) #+ ) 4&$
(# (8 $(* # 8 : %& % ) # 8 & # ' ( )&
# $$(* & #6 #&) # 4 %& 3 ( & $ % & # $$(* & #6 #&) ( &
) ' $ (%( )( & # & &6 # )& &' ,(%&$(* $ 6 $( &)
!
H ,
!
= + ? 92--- "
8
8 -
,
F &$$(* # 8 )& 6( & , ( %( # ) # $& () #

! F S% $& () # $& & # $ #( &
8 F S% 6( &#
F ,$ ($( & $&%(* (# < & $& & $& () (# < #' $
)$ &6 & )$ 1 6( &#
H , F (# & $(& . ( &) # )$ &6 & )$ 1 6( &# .&# & )&
6( & , (
, F (# & $(& . ( &) # ) $ &6 & ) $ 1 6( &# .&# &
$& & 6( &
= % # G) $ #3 @( &# &8) & #6 #&) #
( ) &8) # # ' & ( $ &% ' 6( &# &8) & #6 #&) #+ )&#
6( &# &8) # ' (# <& '& & $& &# %( & &# &$ $ )& &8)&
9
A = I ? B;7- C ! G "
)& '& ( 4 ( )&# ) #&# # (#' : & %& & )& ( $$(*
# $ & (&5 # & & %& & # 8 : $&)$ )& $ % ' $ &1 )& & %& &
' ( $('&) '& & % % ' #( (6
;0/
( )& & %& & ' ( $('&) # '& &) )& &) :4($ 0/\
7A9/
( )& & %& & ' ( $('&) # ' ' ($ )& &) :4($ 2;\
F ) ( &% 4 $ (6& ?%%" (# & $(& $& & 3 $& &+ '& & ) #&#
$ # ( &# 4 %& % ) ($& $ % # 6( &# & & ) #&# &' 3& &#
# 8 6( &# $ $ % :)($&# (# & $(& )&# ' &# )&# &)&#+
%:# ) 6 ) )&# &)&#+ $ #( & $ % )& (# & $(& # )& ' & )
&)& , %& .&# & )& $& & ) &)%&+ #' $(& ) # $.&4)& #
B = I = ? 0 /A C ! G "
$ %' # #' # % -/ %
# / ;02 Y43 ?0 / A - "
F: &8 & )& # $$(* ?%%-"

43 F #(* 4) $(& )&# 8& &# & %& & ?= &"
) &$ # (# (8 ( : (4 % % &%8&# $& &#5 #( %8& +

) % # / 0% #' # % #+ # ' $ ) $& & # )& $&'&
!& # '& &$(* )& & %& & # : %&3 7 6 $ # ) #' # )
$ %' * / 90%
&'& &# 3 &8( # %&$( # . %( * # $ &)+ )& # '& &$(* )&
& %& & # : %&3 / 7/% $& & ( $$(* &# )&# $& &# 3 #
$ #& ( # & %&3 / // 0
) % # #' # %&3 -/%
) &%&< % (% 8& & # : ] B+ 3 )& # '& &$(* )&# 8& &# # :

%&3 / 90% $& & ( $$(* + )& & %& & % (%& %' & & 3
$ &$$(* + ( &)% (# (8 ( & &%8&# $& &#+ 8 : #& (#4&$
#?- $U 8 "
8 ?0 / A 7 "
//
8 F % (%& : & )&# 8& &# ?%%-"

# F # '& &$(* )&# 8& &# ?%%"
$F ' 4 ( & ) $ 8 (%( % ( & # )& 4(8 & , %& .&# & ) $
)& 8& & %:# ' *,(% & )& %(#%& ?%%"
8F (:% )& 8& & ?%%"
# $ #& ( ?- $U 8" # & %&3 / /;0%

0
/ != I ! G I = I !
= ? 0 ; 7 9"
# ) # ) % # . %( * + ,$ ' ) #&# &8) (# <& &#

&$ $ ) B ; -+ 8 (% #( & # %& & #& ) %(
# 6($( )& #(* &$$(* )&# & %& &# &$ ' #& # &
%&3 4#&
>
4#& = ≤ / 243 ?0 ; 7 9 "
? $ " Y7
$ F &) & . %( * % ( & # )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' (%( & .&# & )
$ )& 8& & &)&%8 8($& %:# ' *,(% & )& %(#%&5 ) #' #
) $ 8 (%( )(8 '& & $&)$ )& $ # 8 : %& %&3 0/
%%
F : & . %( * ( ) %(#% 8& ($ )& & %& & ' ( $('&)
&$$(* 3 )(%( & & ' )&# # ' 4($( # )& # $$(* & #6 #&) 3 &
$ & '& &) )& &) 1 + (6( ( & ' ) S% 8& &# &)&%8 #5
) #' # ) $ 8 (%( )(8 '& & $&)$ )& # 8 : %&
%&3 0/ %%
> F '& :% )&$( & $ ) & $. 4(# &
7/+/// Y%% '& & ) % # $ ($( # ,' #($(* % & &
-7+/// Y%% '& & ) % # $ ($( # ,' #($(* # 6 &
;+0// Y%% '& & # $ &# & &#
-7+/// Y%% '& & ) (# < & #6 #&) )&# 6( &# $&1* . %( *
' # % # '& & $ &) ( $& & &')($& & & # ) . %( * &)$& $
)& &)( & # #(# $(& %( &)
& & &)$& & ())&# # $$(* $& )& 6 )& &# ( #( + ) 6&) >
8 : #& (#4&$ )& $ ($(* > -;/// Y + #( F^ U $Y/; _
F (# & $(& )& $& & $ %' (%( & 3 ) 8& ($ )& & %& & &$$(*
( ) #& ) %( # 6($( )&# &)&# )&# 6( &# 6( &# $&1* # :

&$$( & &#+ )& & %& & &$$(* ' 4) ,(* # 8 : (# (8 ( &
(# & $(& ( &) &) % ) & $. &)& 4 $ (6 ? 9 2 - 2" & $. ( &)
& Y / )' % ( ) # &% # & 3&$ # &' 3 #
( ) & $. &)& 4 $ (6 # %&3 Y / )& ) ( ) &% + )&#
' $( # , ( # ) &)& # 8 : (#' & %& & ) ( ( &) & ($( &) $
: & % / 9\ ) : & ) #& ,$ #
( )& ' 4 ( & 4 $ (6& ) % . %( * ' #&
'& $(&)% ' #& # %&3 B/ $%+ # 8 : (# (8 ( (4 % %
& %& & # ' 4($(&) &%8&# $& &# ) ) % & (# & $(& Y- %:# ' *,(%&
)& & %& & &$$(* ' 4) ,(* $& & $& & )& &) ) : & & %& &
# ' 4($(&) #M+ %%-Y%% &) &+ 8 : #& (#4&$ )& #( ( $ ($(*
%& & $ &$$(* 3 %' & & $& &# )& &) # ? 0 / A"
# + '#
#M ≥ / // ? − ;2/" ≤ ?0 ; 7 9 9"
-//
2
'# F : & &$ )' #& ?%%-"

# F : & )& & %& & &$$(* ' #& & ?%%-"
# $ #& ( ): & &) & %& & # ' 4($(&) ) ( ( &) ?' $& &"
# & %&3 $ & )& & %& & &$$(* ' 4) ,(* ( & #U '#
!& %:,(%& # '& &$(* )& & %& & # ' 4($(&) 8 : # %&3 Y2
7// %%
!E=
!E= ! G >
4 =:,(% ? 0;77 "

!& $& ( & %:,(%& 4 ' #& 3 ' #& # : &)
$
≤ / 9- ?0 ; 7 7 "
( ($.& $ &$(* # #& (#4 $.&+ )& # $$(* # : $ #( & &# 8 4 & &
4
'# '# ' + # 3 4 #
=
4 +
'# '# # 3 4
$ F (# & $(& # )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' #(* &) 1
F ' 4 ( & 4 $ (6& $ #' ( # )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' #(*
&) $ ( )& 4 & #(* ) 4 & #(*
'#F : & &$ ' #&
4'# F #(* % (& ) &$ ' #& & )& 4) ,(*
' F (# & $(& )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' (%( & 3 ) $ ( ) # #
' #&
# F : & )& & %& & &$$(* ' #& &
43 F 4) $(& )&# 8& &# 4
# F (# & $(& )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' (%( & 3 ) $ ( )& & %& &
&$$(* ' #& &
4 = (% ? 0;77- C ! G "
!& $& ( & 4 ' #& 3 ' #& # : & $ & '& &
#& ))& & #(# $(& & 4) ,(* 4&$ & & = # ' ( ( &) &) % 6&)
&" - 6 $ # )& #(# $(& & %( & & 8&# & & (# (8 $(*
#4 # ):# ($ # 3 ) %* ) ' & 4 ) $ $
? 4 = / 27 4$L + = &+ '& & $ $ ' # %&)"+ 3
8" 77 6 $ # ) % % 4&$ & ( ' )&# $ %8( &$( #
$& & '& & ) # & ) %( #(# $(& &')($&8)
;
- G ? 009- C ! G "
G) ,(* 3 &$$(* ) . %( * & %& / B/

G) ,(* 3 &$$(* ) . %( * ' #& //
3 #(*
C %( * #( & %&) / B/
C %( * 8&1& #( & / ;/
%' #(* &,(&) $ #'( &) # $. # ? ,$ '
0 / 9 8 '& & > &# #%($&# 7 3 9+
#& ) %( 6 , % " / ;0
' 3 # 8 . %( * / ;/
%' #(* % ) # 8( )&# 3 ( & # / ;/
%' #(* &# & $)&1
C %( * #( & %&) / A/
C %( * 8&1& #( & / 20
&$$(* ) &$ )&# &# & $)&1 //
#(# $(& & ) .( $& '() # //
&& ) # ) % # $ %' (%( # $ 4) ,(* + ) 6&) J # ' ( $ % &

)( &)% .&# & )) & &) 6&) $ #' ( & 4) ,(* & % ( & )&
#(# $(& & )& $& & &,(&) (# < + J + (#%( 3 # / /4N$ .&# & /
& & ) # # & # ) %( # #(# $(& 3 $ #' ( # & 6 # , % #
JF /+ ,$ ' '& & 8 ) # 3 $ ) % &# . %( * > &# #%($&# 7 3 9
? 7- "
7 =
A
9 ! P ! = ?0 -"
! = I ?0 - "
!& ) ( & $)&1 &$$(* # %& $ % ) ' $ & )&

) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 &$$(* 3 ) 4&$ 4&$ #
% (4($&$(* #' $(4($& # !& ) ( & $)&1 &$$(* 8 :
# % 7//%%+ ,$ ' '& & %'&)% # # )&'& # 3 & $)&1 #
)& & %& & $
!& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 %% # %& $ %
/ /- 8 43
• & & 8& &# `72 ?J72%%" 3 % # ' %
4$L
/ /2 8 43
-043
• & & 8& &# `97 ?J97%%" 3 % #
4$L
7943
• & & 8& &# `0; ?J0;%%" 3 % #
4$L
/ 72 8 43
• & & &)&%8 $ &
4$L
8 F # $$(* )& 8& & &)&%8 + %%

8 F (:% )& 8& &+ %%
43 F #(* 4) $(&+ = &
4N$ F #(# $(& & )& $ %' #(* #' $(4($& & ) . %( * + = &
4$ F #(# $(& % (& & )& &$$(* ' $ %' #(* (&% &) ) . %( *
& & # 8&1& #( & + = &
G&$ # % (4($&$(* & % &

!& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 # 8 : % ) (')($& ' ) #( (
4&$ 4&$ #
• & & & %& & # ' ( . ( &) $&#( . ( &) $ ) $& & %& &
.&3& %:# 7//%% . %( * 8&1 )& & %& & 9
• & & . %( * & & # 8&1& #( & '& & ) $ &) # #' $(4($&
4$
/ 0A 4$L
≥ /
4$
• & & . %( * 8&1& #( & '& & ) $ &) # #' $(4($& 4$ 7
• & & . %( * & & # )(6(& # 3 & & '& & ) $ &) #
#' $(4($& 4$ -
B
( # ()( & & & '& & %')& & #*) '& ) & & + # '
( ' )& )( &)% ) # (#( # '& & . %( * 8&1& #( &
3& )) # '& & . %( * & & # )(6(& # 3 & &
• & & 8& &# $ 8( &# $ #( & ' ,( )&# $ &) # ) $ 8 (%(
. %( * # % 7 8 )& # '& &$(* )(8 )&# 8& &# #
% 2 8 0
• & & 8& &# $ 8( &# $ #( & ' ,( $ 8( &# ' ) %
& ( -
#$ #& ( ) ' $ ) 4&$ $ #' ( &

& %& & # ' ( 3 ) 4&$ &')($&8) ) $&# 8& &# $ 8( &#
$ #( & ' ,( # & %&3 ;
G&$ # % (4($&$(* (#%( 3

!& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 # 8 : % ) (')($& ' ) #( (
4&$ 4&$ #
• ( )& & %& & # # : & $)& )& ) ( $ #( & & ( &
# '& &$(* )& &) $ # &) % # 0/%% 3 (
$ 8 (%( )(8 % ( )& ( $$(* )& # '& &$(* %
;0%% /A
• ( # ( & $)&1 #& )) '& & )& &)( & )& #(*
4) $(& )& & %& &+ #( ) % 4) ,( & .&3 %:# & %& &
)& ( &' ) & :)(#(# # ( &
#' 6(# &
• ( )& & %& & #: $ & & ' & #'( &) 4 %& & ' & 8& &
% # 2%% (:% 3 $ '&# %:# //%%
/ ;0
= I ?0 - -"
!& ) ( & $)&1 $ %' #(* # : % ) ' $

& )& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 $ %' #(* 3 ) # 4&$ #
% (4($&$(* #' $(4($& #+ ( % -//%%
!& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 $ %' #(* %% # %& $ %
/ -9 8 43
8 ≥ +* ?0 -- "
4$L
8 ≥ / /99 8 43 ?0 -- -"
-/
G&$ # % (4($&$(*
!& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 # ' % ) (')($& ' ) # #( ( #
4&$ #
• ( # ( & $)&1 #& )) '& & )& &)( & )& #(*
4) $(& )& & %& &+ #( .&3 %:# & %& & )& ( & ' )
# ( &
& :)(#(#
# ' 6(# &
• ( )& & %& & #: $ & & ' & #'( &) 4 %& & ' & 8& &
% # 2%% (:% 3 $ '&# %:# //%%
/ ;0
Q ?0 - 7"
!& ) ( & $)&1 )&# 8& &# ( (6( &) # 4 %& '&
'& + &$$(* $ %' #(* + 8 : # )& $ #' ( & )&
8& & ( (6( &) & % & & -/ ' $( ) $&# '& #
# 8& &# 77 ' $( ) $&# '& # $ & 8& &#
&& %( & ) # 4&$ # #' $(4($& #+ '& 8& &# #
8 : && $ % & S ($& 8& & $ 3 (:% # 8 : %( & &
'& ( ): & &) (6&)
C = ! I ?0 - 9"
-
! ( 8:#($& & $)&1 & $.

!& ) ( & $)&1 %%+ '& & )&# 8& &# $ & &# &$$(*
%( & & $. %&)+ 8 :# %
• )' $ )& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 + # S ?0 -9

"+ 3 ) 4&$ ) # 4&$ # % (4($&$(* &')($&8) #
• A / (:% # 8& &+ *
• 0/%%
!& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 $ 4) $(& % * ( &) 9-/= &
# 8 : %& $ %
// 8
.8 = ?0 -9 "
4$L
G&$ # % (4($&$(*
!& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 # 8 : % ) (')($& ' ) #( (
4&$ 4&$ #
# S $ #' &
43
• ( )& #(* 4) $(& )& & %& & ## ' ( & 9-/= &
9-/
• ( ) $ 8 (%( )& &) '& & 8& &# `72 ?J72%%" % #+
' ' ($ )& &) ')& ) & $. + # %&3 ( &) 29%%+ 3 '& &
& $. # & B/]+ ) $ 8 (%( # 8 )& ' ) &$(* )& 8& & %:#
&)): ) & $. #% 0/%% /;
• ( ) # & $. # '& & 8& &# `72 ?J72%%" 3 % # #: $ & #
6 ($&) . ( &)% # (8 # # (8 # $ & #
& )& ) ( & $)&1 + + 3 )& # '& &$(* # # # (8 # #
%&3 7 8 /A
• ( # ( & $)&1 #& )) '& & )& &)( & )& #(*
4) $(&+ * #( .&3 %:# & %& & )& ( &' ) & :)(#(# # ( &
#' 6(# &
• (# ()( & . %( * & & # )(6(& # 7

• (# #& & %& & $ 8( &$ #( & ' ,( -
--
0 I ! =
'& &$(* = (%& ? 0 /7 C ! G "

& & ) . %( * $ )& ( #( + )& (# & $(& )(8 8& &# '& &) )&#
8($& &# & $&'& 8 :# % 0 6 $ # ) (:% %( &)
)&# 8& &#+ 0 6 $ # ) &%&< %:,(% )& & # + 7 A $%
& & ) . %( * ' 4&8 ($& ')& & 8&1 $ ($( # $ )& &#+ )&
(# & $(& )(8 8& &# '& &) )&# 8($& &# & $&'& 8 : # %
) (:% %( &) )&# 8& &#+ 77 6 $ # ) &%&< %:,(% )
& & # - 0 $%
=S) (') # $&'&# %& & ,$ ' ) # &8) # ) # $ &) # #
$ ) $& & %& & '& &) )& # %:# $&'&#+ $ & (# & $(& )(8 $&'&#
%&3 0 $%+ )&# 8& &# )&# $&'&# # ' ( # # 8 : 8($&
( $ &% # 8 )&# )& $&'& ( 4 ( + 3 )& (# & $(& )(8 $&'&# 8 :
# %&3 ( &) - 0 $% ) (:% %( &) )&# 8& &#
& # & &# ) S% 8& &# '& &) )&# (#' # &# '&
%& & &$ S $ % & ( & 8 : # %&3 $ & +
,$ ' ) # ) % # 4) ,( & # ( S '& ) S% 8& &#
%&3 # a 72 8 : # %&3 #
! # '& # 8& &# 8 : # & $ & #' # (8 # $. #
& & & )&# 8& &# ( (6( &) # '& # ( %'
&% 8 : %( & # $$( # (4 #+ # '& & &# $ % % ( %
9/ (:% # 8& & ( )&# )(%( &$( # # '& &$(* 8& &# # 8&#&
) &%&< )&# 8& &#+ '& 8& &# # 8 : && $ % &
8& & ( (6( &) $ 3 (:% # 8( & '& ( )& # $$(* (6&) &)
'& &$(* =:,(%& ? 0 /7- C ! G "

!& # '& &$(* )& & %& & &8( # 3 ) #&# 8 : # %&3
0 6 $ # ) #' # ) ) % * 90 $%
2 = @ !
( # ( # (8 #
,$ ' ) #&#+ &'& &# 3 &)$& & ())&#+ # 8 :' 6 & %& & & #6 #&)
#(
@ b / 0 ?@$U@'" ?0 A - 9 "
* b / -0 $ ?0 A - 7"
@ F4 & $ %&3 & &

@$ F #(# $(& %( &) &) $ ) . %( *
@' F $ %' )& 4 & ' #& )& ( $$(* )& 4 &
$
F 4&$ #(# $(&
F% % # %&3 &
$ F % % 4(# &$(* ' #(*
-7
= (%& %& & & #6 #&) ? 0A-0 C ! G "
86 #
6 ≥ / /A7 4L$ ?0 A - 0 "
43
6F: & )& & %& & & #6 #&) & (# & $(& # ?%%-"
86 F & $. ) &)%& ?%%"
# F# '& &$(* )& & %& & & #6 #&) ?%%"
43 F #(* 4) $(& )& & %& & & #6 #&) ?= &"
=:,(%& '& &$(* )& %& & & #6 #&)
!& # '& &$(* )& & %& & & #6 #&) 8 :# %&3
( 6 c / -04N$ #%:,F / A 6 2/ $% ?0 A - ; "

( 6 / -04N$ #%:,F / 9 6 7/ $% ?0 A - ; -"
6 F #(* $ ?= &"
6F &) & $ 4 $ (6& %& & $ % )& (# & $(& % ( & 4 %&
' ' ($ )& &) 1 + )&# # )& # )&# 4 &#
&$$(* 3 $ %' #(* 8( &# & 4) ,(* 5 # $ #& ( %& )& %
) %&3 6&) /B / ;-. ?%%"
F &) & .&# & ) $ ( ) &$ ' #& ?%%"
#(* ) C %( *
%( & $ %
@ − φ@'
@ = ?0 A - B "
φ8 6 6
86 F & $. ) &)%& 4 $ (6 %& $ % ) % (% & $. ) &)%&+ % (

4 %& '& &) )& &) 1 ?%%"
6 F &) & $ 4 $ (6&+ $ % ) 3& 4( ( ?%%"
F 4&$ #(# $(& '& & $
#(# $(& &) =&3 & & @

%& $ %
@ F J@ ?0 A - -"
#(# $(& %( &) &) @
8 : %( & $ % )% 6&)
@ F @$U@#U @' ?0 A 7 7 "
@ F / -04N$86 6 U @' ?0 A 7 7 -"

-9
(
@$ = / /A7β 4$L 8 6 6 ?0 A 7 7 7"
4
6 3 6 ?$ +$ "#
@# = ?0 A 7 7 9"
#
( F B/]+ # & S) (%& $ &$(* # $ &
4
6 3 6 $ θ
@# = ? 0A77 "
#
86 F & $. ) &)%& 4 $ (6 %& $ % ) % (% & $. ) &)%& )&

&) & 6 ?%%"
6 F &) & $ 4 $ (6& ?%%"
# F # '& &$(* ) # # (8 # ?%%"
F 4&$ ( ($& )& $&'&$( & ) . %( * 4(# & (& &)%
& #%( ( &$$(*
F: ) ( $)( &$(* )&# #( # $ %' #(* (& &) ?]"
F: ) ( $)( &$(* )& & %& & & #6 #&) #' $ &) 1 ) ( ( &) ?]"
6 F : & )& & %& & $ & (# & $(& # ?%%-"
@'F $ %' )& 4 & ' #& 4 $ (6& )& ( $$(* ) $
&')($& 5 ' #( (6& #( # ' &) $ &')($& ? "
$ (%( #(%')($& '& & %( &$(* 3 # $$( # ' #& &#

& & &'& &# . %( * & %& )&# $ &) # )& (# & $(& ) '
$ ) 3 )& $& & )& $ ) % &+ '()& &8( # % 7 3 $ #(
& %& & & #6 #&)+ 3 '& & &# # $$( # . %( * ' #&
# )($( & &# & &$$(* &,(&) 3 $ ( &) % # ) #' $(4($& ' )
0 A - 0+ ( & &) & &) % 9/ $%+ # ' ()( & F
- /+ F 90]
; G
& & G& ( & ? 7 2 9"

!& $& & 4& ( & # : $&%(* (# < $ % ) #' $(4($& + ' $ &
# '& &$(* $ # & B/% ) # 1 # 9A )& $& & 4& ( & #
) 8 : &')($& ) #' $ (6 ( $ % ' $& & ( :%($&
#& !(%( G& ( & ? 0 0 7"

#& : )& # $$(* 4(# & & $ & )& # %& (& )&# #( # 8( &# & )&#
$& &# ' %& # %&3 & &# 3 #( # ' #& + %:# 0 6 $ # )&
$& & 4& ( &+ ' # )& & #(* &$$(* %&3 / -0 4$L
) & #(* )&# & %& &# $ &# # )& )& $ %8( &$(*
$& &# $ #' ( & 4& ( &+ 8 : #& (#4&$
44 ≤ 90 − / 774%( + 00? " = & ?0 0 7 - "

.
-0
44 ≤ 9;B − / 774%( + 02 ? " M Y$%d ?0 0 7 - "

.
44 F & #(*
4%( F % (%& #(* ' # 8 $& & # )& )& $ %8( &$(* $& &#
$ #' ( & )& 4& ( &+ $ %8( & & $ )& #(* %:# # 6 & 8( & 3&
# & & )&# $& &# ' %& # & )&# $& &# ' %& # %:# )&# $& &#
, &# ( $( &# ' $ &$$(* 3 4) $(& ) &5 )& &$$(* # $ #( &
' #( (6&+ )& $ %' #(* & (6&
Y. F )&$(* ) & ( 8&# 3 )& &) & )&# 4 %&$( #
& #6 #&) #5 #( # #$ $ ) 6&) &) # ' ()( & Y. F / 7
) #&# &8) . %( * &')($&$( # % ) (6( & # $ #& (

( 6 # ( & )& 4& ( &
) ' '*#( & 8& & $ $ ) $&# & $ )(#(* 6 .($ )& #
( ( ( ) 6 .$ ) & %& & $ )& & !& 8& & 8 # & $ & & '& &
#(# ( ) (%'&$ ( ($(&) )& $ )(#(* 3 # ( #( 4($& )& ( &$(*
) 6 .$ ) + 8( ' )) $ %')( (#( # #(# $(& 3 % &
$$( # 8& &# 1 & $ & &# &$ ' $ )& $ )(#( #
# .& #& ))& & ) )& ) # &< # 3 # .& % # & # 4($&$(& '
' 8&# $.
! # (#( # #(# $(& ' ) 6 ) % $&%( # 3 )& 6 ) $( &
) :4($ ' 6(# !&# 4 &# (# < 3 # 8($&$(* )&$(* $ )& ) #&
' # : & &# # (# (6 ) # # S )& &8)& C 7-
&8 # &$& #(# %& 8& &# 3 # $ ,(* & )& $ 8( & #*) #
& ( & #' # % # & # #& (#4&$ ( & &6 # ' 8&#
$. 8& &# & #$&)& & &) '& & ) (6 ) ' 8& # & ^ 7;7 _
( # &)( & % (4($&$( # % #& % ) # 3& ' 8& #+ &4 $ & #
#(# $(&+ ' ()( & # #( )&# ' 8&# (%'&$ ( &# # %(#% #
(%' & &))& ) &$ # ,( )& 8& & & )& ) #& 3 & &)( & )&
#(# $(& ) 6 )& ( '& & )& & #4 $(& )& $& & $.
S% )& # &' # '& & ) (%'&$

4 $(* # S% )& #+ )&# 8& &# # $)&#(4($& #(%') # 3
8) # !&# #(%') # ( & # $$(* & #6 #&) ' # & # )
)& &' '& & ) (%'&$ !&# 8) #+ $&%8( + $ & & # $$(*
& #6 #&) $ &%8 # )& # &' # '& & ) (%'&$
!& 8& & #(%') # ) % ) ( ( &) 3 &#(% ($ # ()( &
$ % 8& & )& &)+ &) )& $. )& $&) & & '& # ' # #
$ % # '& & $ &) 8($& & ) # )& # & 6& 4 &
&') #+ ' #( # # $ &# #( (4( ' #(8()( &
$ )(#(* (6 &%8( $ % ' $$(* ) # % # $ $(* +
6 # (%( S ) # 3 8& & &# ' #
-2
!&# 8& &# 8) # # ) % #) ( ( &) # #(% ($ # # ()( &

$ % # '& & $ &) $&) & &# 6 &# $ 8) # (
$( $ )&$(* + &) %(#% (6 ) #$&) & &# # : # ( & &# & #(# ( ) #
$. #4 &) #+ # ) # $& #& # ) %&3 S% &$$( #
% &) #
& &# 8) # & $)& &# $&) & &#
& &# 8) # & $)& &# ' #
( ( # $&'&$( & $ $(*

4 $(* ) (' 6 .$ ) # # $&'&$ # $ + )&# 8& &#
# ' $)&#(4($& %&) # 3 #' $(&) # # &# S) (%&# # 8& &#
$ 3 $ %' &%( 4 &) (%'&$ .& #( % 1 & + $ ) 4(
& & ( & # 4($&$(& & ) (%'&$ 6 . $ ) # ' #& #
) $&# )&# $ )(#( # # 6 &#+ # (%' & 4( ( ) # &< #
' $ )$ $ 3 ) # '&#&1 #+ ' 4 $ )& #&$ ) &$(*
# ' $ + &# %( (4 # ( $$( # # 4&$ .& #(
# (& ' 8&# #& ))& &# # &$( # ,' (% &) #+ $
(4 # (' # 6 . $ ) # 3 %& ( # ) # # ( # &)& (# ( #
# # #
-;
$ ($( # :4($ #(% )& &# # &$( # ,' (% &) #+ )

$ %' &%( ) # 6 .$ ) # # (# & 6&) $ $(
$ % ($ # 6 ( & + $ 3 ) %( %:,(% # )& ( & + ' # &
)& ' #(8()( & ) # $ '& # # 4 & &< #
!& )&$(* 4( )&# ' 8&# $. & )&# $ &) # 8 # & # 1 & )&
8& & &#& &# )&# $& &$ # ($&# # %' < + .& #( 4( ( &#
' 8&# $& &$ ( & &# ' )& %&#& 3 )& 6 ) $( & ) 6 . $ ) $ )(#( & +
3' ): ) ? #: &"$ #' ( &) (%'&$ 6 . $ ) 8& &
!& )&$(* ( & '& & 4( ( ) %')& &%( 3 ) $& :$ )&#
8& &# ) #(# %& 6(&) 8 $ %' &" )&# (4 # %& ( #
($ # 6 ( & + ' # . % ) & &# )& ,' ( $(&
( &$( &)5 8" ) (' :4($ &$ $ ) ' $ &1
6 . $ ) # ' #& # # ' 6 '& & )& 6 &5 3 $" ) (' 6 & # S )&
%& 4($(&) )&# $& &$ ( &+ $ #( & 6 &# , & 8& &# 3 6 &#
8& &#
! TP
4() % ($
!& %& $ ($& & & 77B --- -//A (# %&# @(&) # $(*
@ . $ ) #+ & ' & # ' 4() # 8&#& # )& 8& & K P # 3 )
& ($( &)+ ) ' 4() G 3 ) ' 4() % 1 &
) ' 4() )& 8& & K P # 3+ # &' $(& )& 4( & + # :
$ %' # ' # &% #+ $& & ) # $ &) # ( & 4 $(*
#' $ 4($& # $ %' &%(
) &% ( 4 ( # ')& 6 ($&) $ & &) & ;0 e / %%+
% ( # & '& ( ) (6 ) )& &#& ?'&6(% "
# ( % & )& $ ) $&$(* & # 8 $&'& )& 6 &+ # &%
( 4 ( ' ( $ % & # .&# & & &) & 0/ %%+ #( ' ))
% (4( ) $ %' &%( ) # 6 .$ ) # $. $& $ & )& 8& &
( %8& + .&3 $ & $ &) ( $$(* )& &) &
# &% ' 8&1 20 %% ' &) & & (6&% #
$ %' &%(
&% ( % ( # ')& & #($(* ) $&)( & ( % (& &%
# 8 ) &% 6 ($&) ( & ( $)( &$(* 00] $ #' $ & )&
. ( &)+ 3 &# ' 3 $$( # -0/ %% # 8 )& 6 ($&) 3 ;0 %%
# 8 )& . ( &) # $ 6 ( # ( &) &% ( (
% (& & & #($(* $( $ )& -// %% & (
&% # ' ( # ')& ( & ( $)( &$(* A9/ $ #' $
& )& . ( &) 3 # ' ) & .&# & $ %') & ) # A// %% &) & )&
8& & # 8 ) (6 ) )& &#& &%8( # )& $ 6 ( #
( &) & ( % (& & & #($(* $( $ )& -// %% & (
-A
4() KP # 3 4() G
KP # 3 $ $(
%' &%( )&# 8& &# KP # 3

) % % ) $. + )& & 4 &) ) 6 .$ ) # ' $ &$
$ )& '& 6 ($&)+ ;+0 $% &) &+ ( &4 & 3 &
) 6 .$ )
!& & &#$( ' )& $& & ( $)( & & 00]+ 3 & &%8&# &# 3 )
$ #& ) 6 . $ ) # ) 6& & # .&# & -2 $% ' $(%& )& $&) & &
# & ) 6&$(* &8# 8 )& & ) (%'&$ 3+ ()(8 & ) % %
6 )$ % (& )& $ %' #(* )& # #' #(* ) 6 .$ ) ' < #
: ) # (%'&$ + # # $ #( )& $& $ & )' )& 8& &
( )& 6 ) $( & ) 6 .$ ) 3 ) : ) (%'&$ # # 4($( %
&) #+ )& & $ ( S& &#$ ( ' $(%& ) &) 00] 3 # '
$ &$ $ )& '& # ' ( $&#( 6 ($&) )& 8& & # $ %') &
)4 & 3 ) $& &%( ) 6 .$ ) + (( ( ) &) $& () $ (
& )& 8& &+ '& &) )&% & #&
&$ $ ) # %& ( &$$(* 6 . $ ) 8& &+ & 8& &
$ ' 4() K P # 3 # & & $ & & %( # # $ &) #
&8# 8 : )& & ' $( & & ) (%'&$ 3 ' # ( %
$& & : ) 6 . $ ) ( %8& + '& & # # &)($ %& &
-B
#& (#4&$ (&+ ) # '& :% # )& &3 $ (& ) 6 . $ ) 3 )& (#('&$(*

& 8 #& ) # ) %( # ' %(#(8) # '& & # #
$ '& #
= $& (#% &8# $(* )& & $( ($&

!&# 4 &# ( 6 ) $ & &# ) (%'&$ $ & & 8& & ' $ &
$& ( & & $( ($& )& (6&% & + 3 '& & )
$& &%( ) 6 . $ ) # & 4($( + # ( (#('& #& &
' $( & .&$( # &8# 8& )& % $& ( & ' #(8) + )
' )' # + ): ) ( $( $(& 3 )& 6 ) $( & ) 6 .$ ) #&
S) (%& # ' %( & $&)$ )& ) # $ %' # )&# ( $$( #
'& &) )& 3 ' ' ($ )& & )& 8& &
' ( & )& $ )(#(* # &')($& & ) # 4 #+
$& #&%( #& (#4&$ ( )& (#('&$(* )& & '& &) )& & )& 8& &
# 4 $ S& & &6 # )& 4 & 4 ($$(* # #& ))& ' )
$ &$ ) 6 . $ ) $ )& 8& &3 )&# ))& &# $ ) '&6(% )&
%&3 & # (# < # 8& &#+ )& $& $ & ) 6 .$ ) $. $&
#&: $ &$ $ )& 8& & .&# & ) % % # # &
$& &
( %8& + '& & )& 8& & $ $ 3 : ) # ( $( $(&
' < #+ ) S ($ $ &$ ) 6 .$ ) & )& $ )(#(* ' # )
)& ))& & )& & ) )& $ #' ( # + )& 4 & 4 ($$(*
) 6 . $ ) 3 )& 8& &# ( ( & )& ))& & & % ( & #&# 8
3 $&%8(& ( $$(* 8( & )& % ' ( ) &% & #($(*
) $ %' )& & &) ' ' ($ )& & )& 8& & 8 #
&8# 8( )& $(* ) 6 .$ ) # # )) 6& & $&8 & &6 # )&
4 %&$(* ):# ($& 3 '):# ($& )& 8& &+ ) 6 .$ ) &%8 #
#(# %& ( + #( )& 8& & 4&))&+ & $& ( & % (%& & #
&8# 8( & ' # &5 3 & % 3 ' <&+ ' ) # ) ) & +
# &# $ ($( #+ ) 6 . $ ) 8 &8# 8 (#('& $&#( & #&
&
G V
G &# (# < '& & )&# 8& &# '& & :4($ 6 .($ )& ? 7 -"
!& 4 ( & #' $(4($&$(* C # <&)&

7/
7
( ( # '& & ) $$( & ) (6 ) #&3
f ! g (6 ) #&3 &)% &$ ' &8) '& & )&# &#

&8&1 )&# $ &) # )&# 6 ) $( & # ' %( ( &# # 8&1&# 3 '& & )&# $&)) #
) $&) # % 3 8&1 6 ) % 3 8&1& 6 ) $( & 5
f ! - g (6 ) #&3 # &)% &$ ' &8) '& & )&# &#
&8&1 3 )& %&3 '& )&# $&)) # ) $&) # 3 $ ) $ &# )&# $ &) # )&#
$ ($( # ) #( ( %')& &%( # 4&6 &8) #5 &%8( #
& ($('& )& ' # $(& ' < S% 6 . $ ) # ' #& # 3 )&#
6 ) $( & # ' %( ( &# # $( &#5
f ! 7 g (6 ) #&3 # &)% &$ ' &8) '& & &%')(
& $& &# ' ( $('&) # &) & 6 ) $( & )&# $ &) # )& ' # $(&
6 . $ ) # ' #& # # % 3 $( & 3 )&# $ ($( # ) #( (
%')& &%( # 4&6 &8) #5
f ! 9 g (6 ) #&3 & &)% &$ ' &8) '& & )& %&3 &
)&# &')($&$( # $& &# &) & 6 ) $( & + & 6 &#+ & '(# &# 3
$& &# ( # & &) # )&# $ &) # ) :4($ ( $) 3 $&%( # 3
6 . $ ) # ' #& #5
f ! 0 g (6 ) #&3 ( $ &)% &$ ' &8) '& & )&# %(#%&#
&')($&$( # ) ! 9 3 &%8( $ & ) :4($ % ( (& ( $ (
& ' ' $(* #( (4($& (6& & # $&%( # $ & )&# $ ($( #
#4&6 &8) # ) #( ( %')& &%( 1 # (4($& %&3 (6 )
#(# $(& )&# 8& & &#5 3
f ! 2 g (6 ) #&3 (# &)% &$ ' &8) '& & &')($&$( #
)&# $ &) # # & ($('& )& ' # $(& $&%( # (' & $(# &
# 6 . $ ) # #(%()& # $ &6 & ) 6& + '& ($ )& %
$ & # :4($ # $ %8( & $ $ ($( # #4&6 &8) # ) #( (
%')& &%(
& & &# C %( * ? 7 7 "

& & )&# 8& &# '& &' # . %( * & %& 3 ' #& # '
()( & & :)(#(# ' ) &# 4) $(& 3 (# < ' #(# $(&
!& #(# $(& %( &) )& 8& & & 4 & )& $& & & #6 #&)+ K+ #
' %( & ()( & 4 ' ) &# 4) $(& )& #( (
%& &
f & & (%'&$ # # % %
- =$ !-$
K = A=8 + A=K + ? 77 "
-! $ − ! C
!& ) ( $ ($& % )& $ &) # ' $ ) % $& (#% )& ) &

4) $(&+ !$+ # 8 : %& $ %
-
! ! AC?=8 + =K "
!$ = + + ? 77 -"
- - =$
7-
f & & (%'&$ # ) , % % &1 &
- =$ !-$
K = =8 + =K + ? 77 7"
-! $ − ! C
-
! ! C?=8 + =K "
!$ = + + ? 77 9"
- - =$
G F 4 & & #6 #&) #' $(4($& & )& &8)& 7- # # '

&$ & )& '& # ' ( % . %( * ? "
C F &) & ) % ?%%"
!$ F ) ( $ ($& ) '& * 4&))& ' ) &# 4) $(& ?%%"
! F ) ( (# (8 $(* ) ( ( &) )& 4 & (%'&$ G ?%%"
K F #(# $(& & #6 #&) &) )& 8& & & ? "
=8F #(# $(& 4) ,( &) & ($( &) )& 6( & &$ % )& (6& $ =K+ #(
$ #' + )& '& # ' ( )% ? %%"
=$F #(# $(& 4) ,( &) ) # % # 6 )& ( #' $ 1
'& &) ) &) 1 ) ( ( &) ) ' ? %%Y%%"
=KF #(# $(& 4) ,( &) ) % #' $ # 1 6 ($&) ? %%Y%%"
&& ' # ()( & # )&# ,' #( # & ( #+ =$ 3 =K

8 & 6& (& #( (4($& (6&% $ )& &) & )% # $&# # #
8 & &)( & & :)(#(# ( # % (& ) &# 4) $(&
(# < ) #6 ) # ) &8) ? 7 9"

! # 6 ) # ) &8) ' # 8 (# <& $ #( &
# '& & &% ) # #( ( # $&# # (# <
&# (# < 4 &# & #6 #&) # 3 ) ( ( &) # #' $(4($& &#

) $ ) 7- g #& ! %( #' ( &
6 , %
&# (# < - 4 &# 6 ($&) # #' $(4($& &# ) $ ) 7-g
# & ! %( #' ( & 6 , %
&# (# < 7 $& &# $ '& ) 6 ) + #' $(4($& &# )
$ ) 7 2 g # & ! %( #(# $(&
&8) # # ' & '& &' # . %( *

& & ) &# (# < + ) &8) ) ' # ' (# <& '& &
' 6 & #(# $(& 4) ,( &)+ =#+ %%Y%%+ &$ &
$ 1 &% $ )& 4 & &$$(* Y%% & #' $(4($& & # &
%&3 )& =$ ) '& &' # 8&# !& 4 & &$$(* &,(&)+ + #
' %& )& #( ( %& &
= ? 79- "
! $ + -C
77
KF #(# $(& ) '& &' #' $(4($& & ) $ ) 77 ? "

!$ F ) ( $ ($& ) '& * 4&))& ' ) &# 4) $(& ?%%"
C F &) & )% ?%%"
F4 & &$$(* ' ( & ) ( ) &8) ? Y%%"
) (# < ) 6 ) ) &8) '& & )&# 4 &# 6 ($&) # #' $(4($& &#
) &# (# < - # 8 : 8&#& )& ' $(* ) &8) 6 )& (
& #4 $(& )&# 4&# # g ' G ($$(* ? 0 A 9"
8 $ #( & )& & #4 $(& $ )& ( 4&# ')&

& ' & 4(# & ,(# ' $(&)+ & ( 4&# (4 #
%& (&) #+ & ( 4&# # . %( # $ )& # (4 #
% % #
!& #(# $(& %( &) &) $ ) ')& ( 4&# # 8 %& $ %
@ =$ $6 +µ [ 64 43 + $ ] ?0 A 9 "
!& #(# $(& %( &) &) $ ()( & & ) (# < 8 : # %&3
)% 6&) ) # #( ( #
@ ≤ / -4$L $6 ?0 A 9 -"
* 8(
@ ≤00 $6 ?0 A 9 7"
@ F #(# $(& %( &) &) $ ? "

$6 F : & ) . %( * '& ($('& )& & #4 $(& $ ?%%-"
64 F : & )& & %& & $ & &6( #& ) ')& $ ?%%-"
43 F #(* 4) $(& )& & %& & ?= &"
$ F 4&$ $ . #(* #' $(4($& ) $ ) 0 A 9 - ?= &"
F $ 4($( 4 ($$(* #' $(4($& ) $ ) 0A9-
$ F 4 & $ %' #(* ' %& & %&) &) ')& $ 5 #( )&
4 & # &$$(* $ F /+/ ? "
4L$ F #(# $(& #' $(4($& & ) . %( * %:# 8() & -A &# ?= &"
!& & %& & '& & ) $ )&# ( 4&# # . %( # ) #&# 3

6( &# ' $ #(# ( 8& &# ( (6( &) #+ # (8 # %S) (') # &%&#
)&# &%&# 6 ($&) # & %&))& &)&%8 # ) & & ) : & )& # $$(*
& #6 #&) 64 )& & %& & ' ( & ) ( 6( & 8 &
#& (#4&$ 3& # & ) : & ( & ' )& $ &$(* 8(
79
/ 708 6
64 ≥ ?0 A 9 9"
43
86 F & $. )& ( 4&# ?%%"
!& % (%& & %& & ( & 64 # ' 86(& #( @ Y $6 # %

/ ;/ = &
) $&# )&# 6( &#+ )& # '& &$(* ) ( ( &) 4()&# 8& &#
& %& & 8 : # %&3 2//%%
( .&3 & 4 & & &$$(* & &6 # ) ')& $ + #& 8 :
# #(# ( & ' & %& & & ($( &) & )& ( & '& & $
!& & %& & $ ' 4 ($$(* # 8 : & $)& % (& & ) (
%8 8( &+ & $. # # ) & & %& & ' #& ))& )& #(*
4) $(& #' $(4($& & & &%8 # )& # ) ')& $
!&# 8& &# # 8 : & $)& & )& 6( & $ % )& ) #&
($$(* ?
. #(* 3 G ($$(* 0 A 9 -"
& & ) $ 4($( $ . #(* + $+ 3 ) $ 4($( 4 ($$(* + + #

8 : %& ) # #( ( # 6&) #
f & & ) . %( * $ ) $& 4 %& % ) ($&

$ F +/ = &
F +9
f & & ) . %( * $ ) $& $ & & # ' 4($( )(%'(& . %( *
$( & )& $ &) # ) .& ( $( & #( & ( $( &) 2 %%
&%')(
$ F /+;/ = &
F +/
f & & . %( * $ ) $& $ & & # ' 4($( . %( * $(
)(%'(& 3 )(8 & &+ ' & )& $ &) # ) .& ( $( & #( &
( $( &)
$ F /+0- = &
F /+2
f & & ) . %( * & $)& & &$ # $ &) #( & &%( %($
% (& ' # $ $&8 & % (& 8& &# & %& &+ #( )
&$ $ &$ $ ) . %( * # : )(%'( 3 )(8 '( &
$ F /+ ; = &
F /+;
&& # 8 : %& ) # #( ( # 6&) #
f & & . %( * #( & %&) //

f & & . %( * & & # )(6(& # 3 & & / A0
f && #) # %:# . %( # 8&1& #( & / ;0
70
& & )&# % # )&#+ $& )&# 3 #&) # . ( &) # (' 6( &+ ) 4&$
$ . #(* + $+ # 8 : %& ( &) & /+/
(# ()( & & & '& & %')& & '& $(&)% )& & + ) # 6&) #
# ' ( ' )& )( &)%
72
! =
! = (# <& & ) #& ' #(%') % &' 3& & A/ %
) ( + $ & %& & ' ( $('&) '& &) )& &) :4($ 3 )& # $$(* & #6 #&) #
- -
% # & ()( & $ $ 4N$F 7 0 M Y$% 3 43F 9-// M Y$% !& $& & 6(6& & ()( &
# C! B7
! F A // %
F 2// M Y% #4&) -h F 2// M Y%

8& & 8& &
9/ ; 2/ 9/
A 9/ %
I @ !
) $(*
" (% #( &%(
-? U 7///"
% F ? &8)& - 0 - 2 7 "
7/
-?A/// + 7///"
= = / 99 %
7/
%&% # F / 90 %
" (# < 4 & 1& ( ( ? /% & $. "
"= % # 4) ,(* ' $& &#
& &% &? "
K) #& F / 90% , /% , - 9 Y%7 F /A Y%
K ) #&!- /A?A"-
= = = = A 29 %
A A
7;
& &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
K&#4 -[ F / /0% , /% , - -0 Y%i F / 7 Y%
K &#4-h!- / 7?A"-
= T F F F / B/ %
A A
& & 6(6& ?!!"
)& &8)& W + '& & 6 . $ ) C! B7+ 3 $ )& $ #( &$(*

$& & ( :%($& ?77\" #& ) %( #(# $(&
=!!U = F 0A 2- %
( )& ) ) ' !FA% b 9 2%+ ) & $. 4&1& '& & $& & 6(6& #
&')($&8) ? 92- -" ) % % # (# (8 3 & $. 4&1& '& &
$& & 6(6&
&# - * %:# 6 &# $& & &#
T
- // / - !T ? 9 2 - 7 -"
!
#(
! F A% j A% F A///%%
T F A 9% j A% F A9//%% ?- * %:# 6 &#"
T F A 9% j B% F A9//%% ?'& & 6 &"
T F & $. &) F A 9% F A9//%%
!F S% 6 &#5 &) )& '& & )& )&$(*
KY7 2+ #( K ) & $. )(8 )& $&) & & ? 72 "
F ; 2Y7 2 F -
A9
- // / - A///,A9// %
-
F 7 /A% 9 -/%
&# & 6 & $& & & ?( $) 3 ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') +
9 2 - 7"
F -0/ U / 9- ! T ? 9 2 - 7 -"
F -0/ U / 9- A///,A9//
F 7 2B%
) & $. 4&1& $ ($ # F 7 /A%
0A 2- − %
=!! + = = = B /7 %Y%
7 /A%
7A
-" # % % % # 4) $ #3$( ( # ! G &')($&8) # ? &8)& 7 9 "
= = @ ?G P "
& & =?U" %
#(# $(& 6($( G& ( &
A 29 -0 / /
T / B/ 0/ / /
!!U = B /7 ;0 / / ;0
#(# $(& F ^ -0 U 0/ TU ;0?!!U ="_

6($( F ^ / U / TU /?!!U ="_
G& ( & F ^/ ;0?!!U ="_
7" :)$ ) ) $
&& ) #& ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F
= F ^ -0 = U 0/ = T U ;0 =?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0?A 29" U 0/?/ B/" U ;0? B /7" F 90 90 %
# ' ( $('&) '& &) ) &) :4($
()( & #∅ [3 $ 8 (%( F - 0$% ? &8)& 0 - 7 "
- 09
=- 0+ = 7 ;; $%
- / 90 %
F 90$% D 7 ;;$% F 9 -7$%
= 90 90, / 0
#F = F 7/ BA $%-
& &
/ B43 ? " / B,9-//?9 -7 - "
- -
#,9-//
&= = / 0; # F 9 A2 $%
/ A0,7 0, //
0 /
!& # '& &$(* # : # = = / 2%
7/ BA
[ k / 2%
# %:,(% ? 0;77 "
& # $$(* # 8 4 & & $ %') $ $Y j / 9-
4$L − -A/
% β = / A0 − / /0 '& & 4$L > -A/ M Y $%- + β = / A-0
;/
$ F & Y β F 9 A2 Y / A-0 F 0 AB $%
F 9 -7 $%
7B
$Y F / 9 j / 9- Xl
# % (% ? 0 ; 7 7 -"
!& $& ( & &$ ' ' $( & 8 # $&'& #(# ( ) % 6&)
-=$ 3 77=
&" -=$ F -4 F -?70 2; M Y$%-"?77+;0/ $%7" F 9 90 %
(
4 = / 27 4$L = & = - / 4$L M Y $%- = - / 7 0 = 70 2; M Y $%-
F 8.-Y2 F //?90"-Y2 F 77+;0/ $%7
8" 77 = F 77?90 90 %" F 2/ 90 %
) % 6&) # 9 90 % 3 )& $& ( & &$ $&)$ )& & ?7/ BA $%-"
#(# = F90 90 % b 9 90 % Xl
# (# (8 $(*
;0/
\F 0/\ ? B ; 7 -"
;0/
\F F B 0;\
A///
# '& F / B0;?7/ BA $%-" F 2 /2 $%-
-
()( & 6& ())&# 0YA[+ )& # '& &$(* # : # = = / 77%
2 /2
0YA[ k / 77 %
# %' & &
# %' = / ;02 ^ _ ?0 / A - "

G3
# %' = / // A ^=X + $ 43 = 9-// M Y $%- _
# %' = / // A?90, //" = A $%-
# %' = A $%- Y - = 9 /0 $%- Y $&'&

-B
()( & 6& ())&# Y-[+ )& # '& &$(* # : # = = / 7-%
9 /0
#%:, F 7 F 7?/ 90"F 70% ? 0 / A"

#%:, F / 90% Xl ? 0 / A"
Y-[ k / 7-
7- %
9/
& ) &$ %' & & # $ ) $& :+ ' $ & $ ( S ('

&$ + )& '& # ' ( )& ) #&+ &%8 # # ( #
9" 6(#(* 4(# &$(* ' (# (8 $(* & %& &? 0 ; 7 9"
#4 %:,(% ) &$
>
4#& = ≤ / 243 ?0 ; 7 9 "
? $ " Y7
& & ) &$ ' ( $('&) ' #( (6 ? ( $$(* '& &) )& &) :4($ "
J 8
$ = $ 8 (%( +
≤ 0 $% ? 0 ; 7 9" -
- 09
$ = - 0 $% + $%
- 90 $%
$ F 7 ;;$%
J hk/ 2 $
$
8 F #'&$ ) &$ F 2 $%
6 F S% 6& ())&# F 2 $%
?- $ "8 ?-,7 ;;$%"? 2$%"

= = = -/ 29 $%- ? 0 ; 7 9"
6
> F 7/+/// Y%% ?$ ($(* ,' #($(* % & &" ? 0 ; 7 9"

F 7/+0B X Y$%
7/+ 0B M Y $%
4#& = - Y7
= 7+ B;A M Y $%-
?7 ;;$% , -/ 29$% "
4#& ≤ / 2?9-//M Y $%- " = -+0-/ M Y $%-
4#& = -+0-/ M Y $%-
#4 ) &$ 8&1 $& &# # 6($(
=# $
4# =
& & ) (# < ' #& ! %( 6($( +$ F F
=# = ? / = + /= T + / =!! + = " ? &8)& 7 9 "
=# F /? /,A 29U /,/ B/U /, B /7"

=# F -A 0; %Y%
9
&& & $. (8 & ( / 2%
=# F ?-A 0; %Y%" ?/ 2 %" F 9 0; %
# F-//+/// = & F -N/7B+9// M Y$%- ?0 9 7 -"

L
$ = 0+799 4 $ ?0 9 - 9 "
$ = 0+799 7 0 = -;-+ 7-B M Y $%-
# -L/7B+ 9// M Y $%-

= = =;
$ -;-+ 7-B M Y $%-
2 $%
3 ?"
9 -7
$ 90 $%
?U"
7 ;; ?4#Y "
J hk/ 2
# F;,0 /$%dF70 ;$%d
R & &$ & #4 %& &
# F )&$(* % )& , : & &$

# F ;?0 / $%-" F 70 ; $%-
= % # #' $ ) 1 '& & %( & 3
23 ?3Y-" F 70 ;?9 -7 3"
3F 0-$%+ $F9 -7$% 3 F -B ; $%
$(& #' $ ) 1 # $$(* & #4 %& &

83 7
= # $- +
7
2? 0-" 7
= 70 ; ?-B ; "- +
7
F7B+222$%9
=# $ 9 0; , /0 , -B ;
4# = = , ; = -+ 7B2 M Y $%-
7B+ 222
4# = -+ 7B2 M Y $%- < 4#& = -+ 0-/ M Y $%- Xl
9-
" (# < 4 & 1& 8
" $. 4 & 1& '& & 8 #) ( ( &) # ) #&

S ) 9 2 - 98+ ) & $. 4 $ (6 8 8 # ) ( ( &) # #
%& $ % )& # %& (& )& (# & $(& ) 8 ) &8) 3 )& $& &
( & )& 8& &+ %&# / 7/%+ %&# )& %( & ) & $. 4&1& 3&
#' $(4($& 8 8 : # %&3 + ( A/%
/0 /0
?$&%(* * & %"
9/ 7/ A/
?$& & 6 &"
90
7 //
;;
F
8
9;%
F7 /A% % #
?7 /A% Y -"
8 = / 9/% + / 7/% + ≤ ?7 /A% Y -" * A/%
-
8 = 9;% ≤ 09%
8 = 9;%
-" = % # 4) ,(* ' $& &# ?4 & 1& /% & $. "
& &% &? "
K) #& F / 90% , /% , - 9 Y%7 F /A Y%
)' # )& 8& & # &# % (# (8 ( 8

K8& & F / 2// Y 9;% F / 9 Y%
K F /A Y% U / 9 Y% F 9B Y%
K !- 9B ?A"-
= = = = B- %
A A
& &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
K&#4 -[ F 7 M Y%? 9;% / 9/%" Y 9;% F A-M Y%
K &#4-h!- / /A-?A"-
= T = = = / 22 %
A A
97
& & 6(6& ?!!"
&& & ) & &# : % ?$ ($ " 3 & ' $(* (8 & (& )& $& &
6& 7 //% & $. + )& &8)& W $ )& $ #( &$(*
$& & ( :%($& ?77\" #& ) %( #(# $(&
/ 7/% + / ;;%
=!! + = = / 0 , 7A 77 % , 77 + ; 29 % Y 9;%
7 //%
=!!U = F B B %
7" # % % % # 4) $ #3$( ( #! G &')($&8) # ? &8)& 7 9 "
= = @ ?G P "
& & =?U" %
#(# $(& 6($( G& ( &
B- -0 / /
T / 22 0/ / /
!!U = B B ;0 / / ;0
#(# $(& F ^ -0 U 0/ TU ;0?!!U ="_

6($( F ^ / U / TU /?!!U ="_
G& ( & F ^/ ;0?!!U ="_
9" :)$ ) ) $
&& ) #& ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F
= F ^ -0 = U 0/ = T U ;0 =?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0? B- %" U 0/?/ 22 %" U ;0? B B %" F 9B 9; %
# ' ( $('&) '& &) ) &) :4($
()( & #∅ [3 $ 8 (%( F - 0$% ? &8)& 0 - 7 "
- 09
=- 0+ = 7 ;; $%
- / 90 %
F 90$% D 7 ;;$% F 9 -7$%
= 9B 9;, / 0
#F = F 77 B9$%-
& &
/ B43 ? " / B,9-//?9 -7 - "
- -
#,9-//
&= = / 0; # F 0 77$%
/ A0,7 0, //
99
0 /
!& # '& &$(* # : # = = / 0%
77 B9
[ k / 0%
# %:,(% ? 0;77 "
& # $$(* # 8 4 & & $ %') $ $Y j / 9-
4$L − -A/
% β = / A0 − / /0 '& & 4$L > -A/ M Y $%- + β = / A-0
;/
$ F & Y β F 0 77$%Y/ A-0 F 2 92$%
F 9 -7 $%
$Y F / 2 j / 9- Xl
# % (% ? 0 ; 7 7 -"
!& $& ( & &$ ' ' $( & 8 # $&'& #(# ( )% 6&)
-=$ 3 77=
&" -=$ F -4 F -?70 2;M Y$%-"?77+;0/$%7" F 9 90 %
(
4 = / 27 4$L = & = - / 4$L M Y $%- = - / 7 0 = 70 2; M Y $%-
F 8.-Y2 F //?90"-Y2 F 77+;0/ $%7
8" 77 = F 77?9B 9; %" F 20 A/ %
) % 6&) # 9 90 % 3 )& $& ( & &$ $&)$ )& & ?77 B9 $%-"
#(# = F9B 9; % b 9 90 % Xl
# (# (8 $(*
;0/
\F 0/\ ? B ; 7 -"
;0/
\F F B 0;\
A///
# '& F / B0;?77 B9 $%-" F 2 29 $%-
-
()( & 6& ())&# 0YA[+ )& # '& &$(* # : # = = / 7/ %
2 29
0YA[ k / 7/ %
& 4&$()( & ) $ ) $& # (4 %( & : # # )& $ )

8 ( '& & )& 4 & 1& ( ( ? J0YA[k/ 77%"+ & ': # 0YA[ k
/ 7/ %
90
0" 6(#(* 4(# &$(* ' (# (8 $(* & %& &? 0 ; 7 9"
#4 %:,(% ) &$
>
4#& = ≤ / 243 ?0 ; 7 9 "
? $ " Y7
& & ) &$ ' ( $('&) ' #( (6 ? ( $$(* '& &) )& &) :4($ "
J
$ = $ 8 (%( + 8
≤ 0 $% ? 0 ; 7 9" -
- 09
$ = - 0 $% + $%
-
F 7 ;;$%
90 $%
$
J hk/ 0 $
8 F #'&$ ) &$ F 0 $% $
6 F S% 6& ())&# F 0 $%
?- $ "8 ?-,7 ;;$%"? 0$%"
= = = 7 $%- ? 0 ; 7 9"
6
> F 7/+/// Y%% ?$ ($(* ,' #($(* % & &" ? 0 ; 7 9"

F 7/+0B X Y$%
7/+0B M Y $%
4#& = = 9+ /29 M Y $%-
?7 ;;$% , 7 $%- " Y 7
4#& ≤ / 2?9-//M Y $%- " = -+0-/ M Y $%-
4#& = -+0-/ M Y $%-
#4 ) &$ 8&1 $& &# # 6($(
=# $
4# =
&& ) (# < ' #& ! %( 6($( +$ F F
=# = ? / = + /= T + / =!! + = " ? &8)& 7 9 "

=# F /? /, B- %U /,/ 22 %U /, B B %"
=# F 7 ;; %Y%
&& & $. (8 & ( / 0%

92
=# F ?7 ;; %Y%" ?/ 0 %" F 9 ;; %
# F-//+/// = & F -N/7B+9// M Y$%- ?0 9 7 -"

L
$ = 0+799 4 $ ?0 9 - 9 "
-
$ = 0+799 7 0 = -;-+ 7-B M Y $%
# -L/7B+9// M Y $%-
= = =;
$ -;-+7-B M Y $%-
0 $%
3 ?"
9 -7
$ 90 $%
?U"
7 ;; ?4#Y "
J hk/ 0
# F;,0 /$%dF70 ;$%d
R & &$ & #4 %& &
# F )&$(* % )& , : & &$

- -
# F ;?0 / $% " F 70 ; $%
= % # #' $ ) 1 '& & %( & 3
03 ?3Y-" F 70 ; ?9 -7 3"
3F A7 $%+ $F9 -7$% 3 F -B 9/$%
$(& #' $ ) 1 # $$(* & #4 %& &

83 7
= # $- +
7
0? A7" 7
= 70 ; ?-B 9/"- +
7
F 7B+ 72 $%9
=# $ 9 ;; , /0 , -B 9/
4# = = , ; = -+ 0/A M Y $%-
7B+ 72
4# = -+ 0/A M Y $%- < 4#& = -+ 0-/ M Y $%- Xl

9;
" G& ( &
" & & G& ( &
$&)$ )& $ $&%(* (# < + $ & # '& &$(* $ #& B/% ) #

1 # 9A ? 72 9 " # &')($& ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') ?
72 -"
$!
9A 9A 72
B/% 97%
=%:,
9/% 9/%
! 9 A ?A / %"
=!! = = = -B 2 −%
9 9
&& ) (# < ' G& ( &+ $ F F
=4& = ?/ ;0 =!! + = " ? &8)& 7 9 "
#( & ) & $. 4 $ (6 '& & & # )& 6 & $& & &+ 3 =F/ 0 ? &8)&
72- "
=4& F /?/ ;0, 0,-B 2 %" Y

=4& F -0 07 %Y 7 2B % F 2 B- %Y%
-" $$(* 4(# & &
()( & )& # $$(* 4(# & & #( )& # %& #4 # 8( & $& &# ' %& #
%&3 & &# %:# 0 6 $ # )& $& & 4& ( &+ & ' # )& & #(* &$$(*
%&3 / -0 4$L ? 0 0 7"
4 &$$ = / -0 4$L = & = / A/ 4$L M Y $%- = / A/ 7 0 M Y $%- = 9 -/ M Y $%-
#4 8( & $& &# ' %& # %&3 & &# %:# 0 6 $ # )& $& &
4& ( & & 4 & 1& ( (
=N4& F /= U /= TU 0=4&
=N4& F /,A 29U /,/ B/U 0,2 B- F B B- %

9A
=L4& B B-, /0 M − $%
44& = = = 0B /- M Y $%-
77+;0/$% 7
% 44& F 0B /- M Y$%- b 9 -/ M Y$%- + # #& : # $$(* & ( & &
7" @ (4($&$(* #4 #
#4 ) 4 8( & )& $& & 6(6&
# = φ h k / 2% = 0 /$%- Y / 2% = 7 AA$%- Y %
3 0-$%
1 = − = 9 -7$% − = 7; 7B$% ?6 6(#(* & ( &%( "
7 7
=4& 2 B-, /0
4!! = = = 0A M Y $%-
# ? 1 " ? 7 AA"? 7; 7B"
& %:,(% #4
) #4 % (% # ) #4 ' $& & 6(6& % (% $ %8( & $ ) #4

' $& & ' %&
)% % ' $& & % & '& & & 4 & 1& ( ( #
= !F= U= T F A 29 % U / B/ % F B 09 %
) #4 ' $& & ' %& #
= ! B 09, /0
4 ! = = = A// M Y $%-
# ? 1 " ? 7 AA"? 7; 7B"
# )& ) #& #(%') % &' 3& &+ ) #4 ' $& & 6(6& % (% #
$
! + ) #4 % (% #
4% F / U A// M Y$%- F A// M Y$%-
) #4 %:,(% # ) #4 ' $& & 6(6& %:,(% $ %8( & $ ) #4

' $& &# ' %& #
4%:, F 0A M Y$%- U A// M Y$%- F 7A M Y$%-
) & #4 # # 4 F 4%:, D 4% F 0A M Y$%-

9B
) & ) %( #
4 ≤ 9;B − / 774%( + 02 ? " ?0 0 7 - "
.
Y. F / 7 ? 0 0 7"
4) %( = 9;B − / 77?A//" + 02 ?/ 7" = 7A7 M Y $%-
4) %( F 7A7 M Y$%- b 4 F 0A M Y$%- Xl
# %' Y-h k / 7- %
/ 90 %
# (# (8 #'( $ hk/ 2%
0YAh k / 7/ % ? 8 # h k / 0 %"
! F A // %
I !
0/
! = - (# <& ' 6( & #(%') % &' 3& - // %

) ( + # 6 &# ()( & $ $ 4N$F -A/ M Y$%- 3 43F 9-// M Y$%- ) 6 . $ )
# & ( # C! B7
! F - // %
) $(*
' ' )& #( ( # $$(* & #6 #&)+ $ # ( ( & ' & ) #& &' 3& & # 8
$ & 6( &#+ (# & $(& 1 # 6( &# NF - /%+ 6 )& ( # &' ,(%& &%
/ 9 NF/ A9%n/ A-0%+ 3 8& &# $ $ $ ' 4() (' K P # 3 $
: & # # $$(* & #6 #&)F -/-A ;0$%d ? & / 7% )& $& & 6 ($&)"
7 2/ 7 2/
m
,F 7
F-\ F-\ #4&) -h
& )&# Bh,2h
0 (&4 & %&

7;0 0 8 8F -0
7/ 0
/ A-0 LF- / - / - / / A-0
; B0%
" V ! ! ? # ' ( $('&) ' ' ($ )& &) :4($ "
" (% #( &%( ) #&
$. )& 6( &
(
N F #'&$(&%( 1 # 6( &# F - /%
! F) )' F -%
8 = / / 0; L! ? ( # $ ( #+ ! = "
8 = / / 0; - / , - = / -;% ' &% # 8 F / 7/ %
#' # ) #&
• &8) # $ $ &' 3& # ) % #) ( ( &) #

% F / ;0% ? B; "
0
• ) &$ ' ( $('&) # ' ' ($ )& &) :4($ # ' #(8) %&
$ % 6 #( #& ( # ) C + )& ,' #(*
+ 7///
%( = ≥ 20 %% ? &8)& - 0 - 2 7 "
7/
A// + 7///
%( = = 2/%% ≥ 20%%
7/
% F / 20%
(
F) )(8 ) #& F A//%%
• 6 )& ( # $ $ # ' & 8& &# $ $ + )

#' # % (% ) #& #
% F / -/% ? 7;7 -"
• ( $ & )&# (#' #($( # # 8 ) #' # )& ) #&

(4 %( &% # $ F / -/%
" ( ( # ! G &')($&8) # ? &8)& 7 9 "
#(# $(& F ^? -0 * / B" U? 0/ * / 20" TU ;0?!!U ="_

6($( F ^ / U / TU /?!!U ="_
4 % &) B 0 7+ # $ #& ( ( 6 # ( & ) #& 4& ( & &8) #

$ $ 6( &# %S) (') #
"= % # 4) ,(* ' $& &#
7 2/ 7 2/
m m
,F 7 ,F 7
8& & F-\ F-\ #4&) -h 8& &
& )&# Bh,2h
0 (&4 & %&

7;0 0 8 8F -0
7/ 0
/ A-0 !F- / - / - / / A-0
/ 9!
G
0-
"= % & (6 (# <

&8( )& $& & %( & ) (# < # )& $& & 6(6& ?!!U ="+ & #
)&# $& &# 3 T #( (4($& (6&% % #+ $&)$ )& % # ) % % & (6
) &' 3 ( ( '& & 4 & 1&# ) #& % ) $:)$ ) )% % & (6
) # &' 3 # , ## &)( & : ' # ( % &) $&)$ )& ) 6 )&
& &= &? "
# )6( )& ) #& $ ( & # 8 $ & &' 3 # ?' &%& -///" #

(
# ' '( ) #& K) #& F / -/% , /% , -9// M Y%i F 9A/ M Y%
) 9 2 - 2 #' $(4($& '& & % % & (6 $ # $$( #

% ) ($&# $ $ # ' %& )& # $$(* (# < )& $& & )
&' 3 %&% # $ #$ #' $ &) &' 3 + ) # #( ( # # )& #
) (& &%& % % #
= F ;A BA M % F / A %? ) 1 "
= +( F ; 7A M % F / - % ?$& & ( "
= + F -/ 22 M % F / - % ?$& & "
# 8& &# 8& & F / -/-A;0 %d , /% , -9// M Y%i F 9A; M

?&')($& , = / 7% "
07
%&% # ) (& &%& % % #
= - F U22 A9 M % F U/ /; % ? ) 1 "
= -+( F U7; AB M % F U/ /9 % ?$& & ( "
= -+ F U22 A9 M % F U/ /; % ?$& & "
)& %&3 &$(* $& &# '& & ) # & ) %( #(# $(& + ) # 6&) #
' #( (6 # % % # : % ) (')($& # ' F / B '& & 8 )&
$ %8( &$(* $& &# ) %:,(% % % & (6
- & &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
#4&) K&#4 -[ F / /0% , /% , --0/M Y%i F 7 M Y%
%&% # ) (& &%& % % #
= T F 9; 9; M % F / /0 %? ) 1 "
= T+( F 7/ 22 M % F / /7 % ?$& & ( "
= T+ F 77 ;9 M % F / /7 % ?$& & "
7 & & @(6& 3 4 $ & & ( :%($& ?!!U ="
=W $ # &) ($
C&$( # )& ) & ( 4) $(& '& & % % 4) $ ) &' 3 ?6

W " $&)$ )&% # ) % % ' $& & 6(6& )& # $$(* %:,(%
% % & (6 ?&' 3 " $ ) $& ) # 1 # $& & $&%(*
' #($( # $ ($&#
09
9
&% ?−/ A-0 % ≤ , ≤ /" = =− ,
0
A/ 7 9
&% ?/ ≤ , ≤ - / %" = = , − ,
7-7 0
// 7 2 - 92 A9
&% ?- / % ≤ , ≤ 9 -/ %" = =− , + , − ,+
7-7 ; 0 -0
-/ 7 2 - -2 A9
&% ?9 -/ % ≤ , ≤ 2 7/ %" = = , − , + ,−
7-7 - 0 -0
, -
&% ?2 7/ % ≤ , ≤ ; -0 %" = =− +
0 0/
&& $& () $& & + 3 &4 $ & ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') % ?
72 -"
=? " F ^; 9 ? / - 0%"U; 9 ? / 29%"_ -F - A/ % , - F 7 72 %
&& # $& () # $& & #
=? "F^; 9 ? / - 0%"U; 9 ? / 29%"U; 9?U/ //A%"U; 9?/ / 2%"_ /

F - 27 %
00
) & $. 4 & 1& # (# (8 3 #
?"F --/U/ -0 N ? &8)& 9 2 - 7 "
F --/U/ -0?- //"F ;90%% F ;0%
$ #+ ) % % & (6 $ ($ + ( $) ( ) 4 $ $& &

( :%($& 3 ) & $. 4 & 1& #
7 72
= ? "!!U =F , 77 = - 00 %
;0
$( )& ' #($(* $& &# & ) %:,(% % % & (6

+ $&)$ )&% # &%8( ) # % % # )& $& & )& 6( & & )& ( ( & 3
$.& # )6( )& ) #& .(' # : ($& &' 3& & # 8 )&# $ & 6( &#
# 8(
- , 77
=? "!!U = F − - ;B , = − - 09 % ? ) 1 + #(%()& &) 6&) - 00 %
;0
# 8 6 #& )& ) & ( 4) $(& = "
- , 77
=? "!!U =+ ( F − B- , = − ;0 % ?$& & ( "
;0
- , 77
=? "!!U =+ F − - /9 , = − A2 % ?$& & "
;0
=W # )& &8)& 9 ? C ! G "
&& F- /%
02
%% %
) 1 ) &' 3 =? "!!U = F -2+;A/ = −- ;7
%% %
%% %
$& & 6( & ?& / 0%" =? "!!U = F B+0A/ = −- //
%% %
=W % % #$ ( # ?6 ' ($ "
()( &% # )& ) & ( 4) $(& )& &$$(* ) &' 3 ?@ W

+ '& & # $ # $$(* "
2
&% ? −/ A-0 % ≤ , ≤ /" = ,
-
-// 7 2
&% ? / ≤ , ≤ - / %" =− , + ,
7/A; -
/// 7 2/ - 29 A
&% ?- / % ≤ , ≤ 9 -/ %" = , − , + ,−
B-2 9; - 0
9// 7 9/ - /9 9A
&% ?9 -/ % ≤ , ≤ 2 7/ %" =− , + , − ,+
B-2 9B - 0
9 2
&% ?2 7/ % ≤ , ≤ ; -0 %" = ,−
- 0
0;
#& #' $ (6&% )&# ) &# ( 4) $(& % % 4) $ 3 &$$(*

) &' 3 + 3 )& $ &$(* - ) ' ($ + %( &% # ) % %
)& $& & ) &' 3 $
=! = = ! + ( $ &$(* -+ ' ($ "

A
&& $& () $& &
=! F % % & (6 (# < &1 # & '& & $& & 6(6&

= !F % % & (6 ) &' 3 #& $& &# &$ $ & &#
F ; 9 ? / - 0%"U; 9 ? / 29%" F - A/ %
F &$$(* ) &' 3 8( & $& &# &$ $ & &#
F ; 9 ?/ A7/"U; 9 ?/ 2-A" F / ;B ? / ;; -///"
F # 6 $ # )& (# & $(& # ) 1 ) &' 3 & )& # $$(* (# <
& (6&
F -?/ 0%" F / 7/%
/ ;B ?/ 7/%"
=! = −- A/ % + F - 9/ %
A
$) 3 ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') % ? 72 -" # :
=? "F? - 9/ %" -F - AA %
&& # $& () # $& & #
= !F ; 9 ? / - 0%"U; 9 ? / 29%"U; 9 ?U/ //A%"U; 9 ?U/ / 2%"

F - 27 %
F ; 9 ?/ A7/"U; 9 ?/ 2-A"U; 9 ? / /--"U; 9 ? / /90"

F / -B ? / -A -///"
F -?/ 0%" F / 7/%
/ -B ?/ 7/%"
=! = −- 27 % + F - -9 %
A
$) 3 ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') % ? 72 -" # (
=? "F? - -9 %" /F - -9 %
$ # )& $& & 6( &+ ) % % & (6 $ ($ &4 $ & ) 4 $

$& & ( :%($& 3 ) & $. 4 & 1& #
- AA
=? "!!U =F , 77 = - B %? $& & 6( &"
;0
) 1 ) &' 3 )% % #
77
=? "!!U =F - A/ , - , = - 00 %
;0
0A
# )& #
=? "!!U = + ( & # %
= I =? "!!U =+ ( =? "!!U =+ 1 =? "!!U =+
=W ;0 - 09 A2
=W - // - ;7 - //
=W - B - 00 - B
' & % # ' )& # ) $(* 4 $ ) = + & # ' #(8) '& '
$ &) ( & ) # #% # 8# 6& ) # # )& # )= #
& &' ,(%&$(* & ) $ & $ &)) ' )= 3 )=
#( %:# $ # 6& + #(%')(4($& $ #( &8) % )' $ # (# <
= = = @
& & (' =? " ( =? " 1 =? " #(# $(& "
% % %
! #& / - / A / - -0
& & - U/ /9 U/ /; U/ /; /B
#4&) T / /7 / /9 / /7 0
& & 6(6& !!U = ;0 - 09 A2 ;0
&& ) (# < ' #& ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F
= F ^? -0 * / B"= U? 0/ * / 20"= TU ;0=?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
) 1
= F -0? / A"U/ B?/ /;"U 0/? / /0"U ;0? - 09"F 9 2A %
$& & 6( & ( ( &
= F -0? / -"U/ B?/ /9"U 0/? / /7"U ;0? ;0"F 7 -- %
$& & 6( & $.&
= F -0? / -"U/ B?/ /;"U 0/? / /7"U ;0? A2"F 7 7B %
) &$ & (6 # : (# <& $ # S) (% 6&) % % # )

%&3 )&# # $& &# 6( &
0B
-" = % #( (6 (# <
!& $& & %( & ) (# < # )& $& & 6(6& ?!!U ="+ & # )&# $& &#
3 T #( (4($& (6&% % # ) %:,(% % % ' #( (6 ' $& & 6(6& $
) # &% # * + & / 9! &' 3 , ( ?! # )& ) ( &% #"+
& # $$(* &) $ % G 8&# & #& # $$(* # &)( & : ) (# < '& &
% % ' #( (6 4 & 1&# ) #& %
!&# ,' #( # '& & )& ) & ( 4) $(& )% % 4) $ )& # $$(* G ?6
W "#
7;
&% ? −/ A-0 % ≤ , ≤ /" =G = ,
;0
7- 7 7;
&% G ? / ≤ , ≤ / A9 %" =G = , + ,
7-7 ;0
7- 7 7A -
&% G ?/ A9 % ≤ , ≤ - / %" =G = , − ,+
7-7 ;0 -0
9/ 7 - - B- 2A
&% ?- / % ≤ , ≤ 9 -/ %" =G = − , + , − ,+
7-7 70 ;0 -0
A - - 0- 2A
&% ?9 -/ % ≤ , ≤ 2 7/ %" =G = ,7 − , + ,−
7-7 /0 ;0 -0
- -
&% ?2 7/ % ≤ , ≤ ; -0%" =G = − ,+
;0 -0
)& ) & ( 4) $(& 3 )&# $& &# &$ S& )& ) #&+ $&)$ )&% # ) #
% % # )& # $$(* %:,(% % % ' #( (6 ?& / 9!"
& &= &? "
) (& &%& % % # ) #& ' ' # ' '( + )& # $$(* G ?, F

/ 9!"
= F A9 9- M % F / /A %
&)% '& & )&# 8& &#
= - F ;2 79 M % F / A %
)& %&3 &$(* $& &# '& & ) # & ) %( #(# $(& + & # S) (%
6&) ' # & (6 ) % ) (')($& % # ' F / B+ '& & 8 )&
$ %8( &$(* $& &# ) %:,(% % % ' #( (6
- & &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
) (& &%& % % # ) #& ' $& & &#4&) + )& # $$(* G ?, F

/ 9!"
= T F 77 B0M % F / /7 %
2/
7 & & @(6& 3 4 $ & & ( :%($& ?!!U ="
=W $ # & &) ($
&& $& () $& & +3$ ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') % ? 72 -"
=?U"F ^; 9 ?/ 9-B%"U; 9 ? / /2 %"_ -F - ;-7 % , -F7 -; %
&& # $& () # $& & #
=?U"F^; 9 ?/ 9-B%"U; 9 ? / /2 %"U; 9?/ //;%"U; 9?/ //9"_ /

F - A/ %
) & $. 4 & 1& # (# (8 3 #
?U"F 22/U/ 00 N ? &8)& 9 2 - 7 "

F 22/U/ 00?- //"F A 0 %% F A- %
$ #+ ) % % ' #( (6 $ ($ $ #( & ) 4 $ $& &

( :%($& ?77\ '& & ) # & ! %( #(# $(&" 3 ) & $. 4 & 1&+ #
7 -;
=?U"!!U =F , 77 = - 7B %
A-
2
=W # )& &8)& 9 ? C ! G "
&& F- /%
%% −%
=?U"!!U =F -77A/ F - 7A
%% %
=W % % #$ ( # ?@ ' ($ "
&& $& () $& &
#& )& ) & ( 4) $(& % % 4) $ ,F/ 9!+ 3 )& $ &$(*

) ' ($ + # ' $( ) % % '& & ) 1 6 .($ )&
$ ( $( $ )& & & %:,(%& ? , F / 9!" , ( )& $& &
& & $. / 0 % %:# ) # )& ) #& ? 9 2 - 2" $
=! = = ! − ? $ &$(* + ' ($ "

A
=! F % % ' #( (6 (# < &1 # & ' $& & 6(6& '& & 1
= !F % % ' #( (6 #& $& &# &$ $ & &#
F ; 9 ?/ 9-B" F 7 ; %
F $& & &$ $ & & )' ( #
F;9
F) ( 8&# )& $& & & , ( & ?/ 0 % %:# )
' &) )& ) #&"
F / 0 % U / -/% F / ; %
; 9 ?/ ; %"
=! = 7 ; % − F- 0 %
A
&& ) 1 6 .($ )& )& % (4($&$(* # #' $(&8) + ' )

( $) 3 ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') % ? 72 -" # :
=?U"F ^- 0 %U; 9 ? / /2 %"_ -F - 9; %
&& # $& () # $& & #
=?U"F ^- 0 %U; 9 ? / /2 %"U; 9 ?/ //;%"U; 9 ?/ //9"_ /

F- 9 %
$ # ) % % ' #( (6 $ ($ + &4 $ & ) 4 $ $& & ( :%($&

?77\ '& & ) # & ! %( #(# $(&" 3 ) & $. 4 & 1&+ #
- 9;
=?U"!!U =F , 77 = A −%
A-
2-
# )& #
=?U
=?U"!!U = G+ ( & # %
= I =?U"!!U =
=W U- 7B
=W U- 7A
=W U A
'& % # # $&# $
# 6& &% ' ) # # )& # ) =
& )= # $&# ) &% # 6&) # &) & & )&# $& &#
1 $ % $& &# , ( &# & # ' &) #+ #( &$(* ' %( ( & ' )
)&% C ? 9 2 - 2"
= = = @ G
& & (' =?U" % #(# $(& "
! #& / /A -0
& & - / A /B
#4&) T / /7 0
& & 6(6& !!U = - 7B ;0
&& ) (# < ' #& ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F
= F ^? -0 * / B"= U? 0/ * / 20"= TU ;0=?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0?/ /A"U/ B? / A"U 0/?/ /7"U ;0?- 7B"F U9 ; %
" :)$ ) ) $
" $ & (6 ?' ' ($ )& &) :4($ "
= F 7 7B %
()( & # ∅ o[ 3 $ 8 (%( F 0 / $% ? &8)& 0 - 7 "
-;
=0 /+ = 0 29 $%
-
/ -/ %
F -/$% D 0 29$% F 9 72$%
7 7B, /0
# ? −" = = 2 0/ $%-
&
/ B,9-//? 9 72 − "
-
#,9-//
&= = 9 $%
/ A0,-A/, //
-B
()( & 6& ())&# Y-[+ )& # '& &$(* # : # = = / -/ %
2 0/
Y-[ k / -/%
# %:,(% ? 0;77 "
& # $$(* # 8 4 & & $ %') $ $Y j / 9-

27
%
$ F&Yβ F 9 Y / A0 F 79 $%
F 9 72$%
$Y F / /B j / 9- Xl
# % (% ? 0 ; 7 7 -"
!& $& ( & &$ ' ' $( & 8 # $&'& #(# ( ) % 6&)
-=$ 3 77=
&" -=$ F -?4 "F -?77 27 M Y$%-"?2+22; $%7" F - 2B %
(
4 = / 27 4$L = & = - / 4$L M Y $%- = - / -A/ = 77 27 M Y $%-
F 8.-Y2 F //?-/"-Y2 F 2+22;$%7
8" 77 = F 77?7 7B %" F 9 0 %
) % 6&) # - 2B % 3 )& $& ( & &$ $&)$ )& & ?2 0/$%-"

#(#
= F7 7B % b - 2B % Xl
-" $ #( (6 ?' ' ($ )& &) :4($ "
= FU9 ; %
()( & # ∅ o[ 3 $ 8 (%( F - 0 $% ? &8)& 0 - 7 "
-;
=- 0+ = 7 9 $%
-
F -/$% D 7 9$% F 2 A2$% / -/ %
9 ;, / 0
# ? +" = = 2 ;A $%-
&
/ B,9-//? 2 A2 − "
-
#,9-//
&= = B $%
/ A0,-A/, //
-B
()( & 6& ())&# Y-[+ )& # '& &$(* # : # = =/ B%
2 ;A
Y-[ k / B %
# %:,(% ? 0;77 "
& # $$(* # 8 4 & & $ %') $ $Y j / 9-

29
%
$ F&Yβ F B Y / A0 F 9/ $%
F 2 A2 $%
$Y F / /A j / 9- Xl
# % (% ? 0 ; 7 7 -"
!& $& ( & &$ ' ' $( & 8 # $&'& #(# ( ) % 6&)
-=$ 3 77=
&" -=$ F -?4 "F -?77 27 M Y$%-"?2+22; $%7" F - 2B %
(
4 = / 27 4$L = & = - / 4$L M Y $%- = - / -A/ = 77 27 M Y $%-
F 8.-Y2 F //?-/"-Y2 F 2+22; $%7
8" 77 = F 77?9 ; %" F 0 00 %
) % 6&) # - 2B % 3 )& $& ( & &$ $&)$ )& & ?2 ;A$%-"

#(#
= F9 ; % b - 2B % Xl
7" # %' & &
# %' = / ;02 ^ _ ?0 / A - "

G3
# %' = / // A ^=X + $ 43 = 9-// M Y $%- _
# %' = / // A,-/, // = 7 2/ $%-

7 2/ $%-
# $&'&# # $ ) $& : = A/ $%- Y $&'&
-
/;
()( & 6& ())&# 7YA[+ )& # '& &$(* # : # = = / 7B %
A/
#%:, F 7 F 7?/ -/"F / 2/% ? 0 / A"
#%:, F / 90% ? 0 / A"
7YA[ k / 7B %
& ) &$ %' & & # $ ) $& :+ ' $ & $ ( S ('

&$ + )& '& # ' ( )& ) #&+ )# ( ) :4($
20
9" # (# (8 $(*
)& '& ( 4 ( )&# ) #&# # $ ) $& & %& & )& ( $$(* # $ & (&
' $ &1 ) &$ ' #( (6 ( &) &
7A9/
\= 2;\ ? B ; 7 -"
F (# & $(& $& & 6( &# F A/% F A//%%
7A9/
\= = B/ 0 \ > 2;\ ∴ \ = / 2;
A//
# '& F / 2;?2 ;A$%-" F 9 09$%-
-B
()( & 6& ())&# Y-[+ )& # '& &$(* # : # = = / -A %
9 09
Y-[
Y-[ k / -A%
#'( $ Y-h k / -/%

# %' 7YAh k / 7B%
/ -/ %
U # ' ( $ Y-h k / B%
# (# (8 Y-h k / -A%
I ! @
& ) 9 2 - 2+ # &8) $ Z& ( % .& #( & ' :$ ($&

$. & ) $ & &8) # '($ #p # )& ( $(* ,( ( #
( 6 #( ) $ # ) # &8) #[ ) 0 9 9 # <&)& )&#
) #&# 3 ) # ' # ) #& (# <& # '& & % % &$ $ )
92-7 # ' $ #( & #& (#4&$ ( # # ) ' 6(# & )
$ &) # $ #( &$( # 4 $ &% # # $&# )& 6(#(* '
$
" 6(#(* 4(# &$(* ' (# (8 $(* & %& &? 0 ; 7 9"
" $ & (6
#4 %:,(% ) &$
>
4#& = ≤ / 243 ?0 ; 7 9 "
? $ " Y7
22
J J Y-hk/ -/
$ = $ 8 (%( +
≤ 0 $% ? 0 ; 7 9" - $
$
-;
$ = 0 $% + $% -/ $%
-
$ F 0 29$%
8 F #'&$ ) &$ F -/$%
-/ $%
6 F S% 6& ())&# F
?- $ "8 ?-,0 29$%"?-/$%"

= = = --0 2/ $%- ? 0 ; 7 9"
6
> F 7/+/// Y%% ?$ ($(* ,' #($(* % & &" ? 0 ; 7 9"
F 7/+0B X Y$%
!
7/+0B M Y $%
4#& = = -+ A-7 M Y $%-
?0 29$% , --0 2/$%- " Y7
4#& ≤ / 2?9-//M Y $%- " = -+0-/ M Y $%-
4#& = -+0-/ M Y $%-
#4 ) &$ 8&1 $& &# # 6($(
=# $
4# =
&& ) (# < ' #& ! %( 6($( +$ F F
=# = ? / = + /= T + / =!! + = " ? &8)& 7 9 "
=# F /^ /,? / -U/ /;"U /,? / /7"U /,? A2"_
=# F B9 %+ '& & % 4 & 1&
=# F ? B9 %Y%" ?/ -/%" F / 7B %
# F-//+/// = & F -N/7B+9// M Y$%- ?0 9 7 -"

L
$ = 0+799 4 $ ?0 9 - 9 "
$ = 0+799 -A/ = -02+ ;09 M Y $%-
# -L/7B+9// M Y $%-
= = =A
$ -02+;09 M Y $%-
2;
J -h F -B$%-
? # FA, -BF / 7-$%- "
0 29 ?4#Y "
$F 9 72 3 9 72 -/ $%
-/ $%
R & &$ & #4 %& &
# F )&$(* % )& , : & &$

- -
# F A? -B $% " F / 7- $%
= % # #' $ ) 1 '& & %( & 3
-/3 ?3Y-" F / 7-? 9 72 3"
3 F 7 7;$%+ $F / BB$%
$(& #' $ ) 1 # $$(* & #4 %& &
83 7
= # $- +
7
-/ ?7 7;" 7
= / 7- ? / BB"- +
7
F +0/- $%9
!
=# $ / 7B , /0 , / BB
4# = = , A = -+ -A7 M Y $%-
0/-
4# = -+ -A7 M Y $%- < 4#& = -+ 0-/ M Y $%- Xl
-" $ ' #( (6
#4 %:,(% ) &$
>
4#& = ≤ / 243 ?0 ; 7 9 "
? $ " Y7
8
J
$ = $ 8 (%( +
≤ 0 $% ? 0 ; 7 9" -
-; J Y-hk/ B -/ $%
$ = - 0 $% + $%
- $
$ F 7 9$% $
B $%
2A
8 F #'&$ ) &$ F B$%
6 F S% 6& ())&# F
?- $ "8 ?-,7 9$%"? B $%"

= = = B 7- $%- ? 0 ; 7 9"
6
> F 7/+/// Y%% ?$ ($(* ,' #($(* % & &" ? 0 ; 7 9"

F 7/+0B X Y$%
7/+0B M Y $%
! 4#& = = 9+ -97 M Y $%-
?7 9$% , B 7-$%- " Y7
4#& ≤ / 2?9-//M Y $%- " = -+0-/ M Y $%-
4#& = -+0-/ M Y $%-
#4 ) &$ 8&1 $& &# # 6($(
=# $
4# =
&& ) (# < ' #& ! %( 6($( +$ F F
=# = ? / = + /= T + / =!! + = " ? &8)& 7 9 "
=# F /^ /,?/ /A / A"U /,?/ /7"U /,?- 7B"_
=# F - 7- %+ '& & % 4 & 1&
=# F ?- 7- %Y%" ?/ B%" F/ 99 %
# F-//+/// = & F -N/7B+9// M Y$%- ?0 9 7 -"
$ = 0+799 4$L ?0 9 - 9 "
$ = 0+799 -A/ = -02+ ;09 M Y $%-
# -L/7B+9// M Y $%-
= = =A
$ -02+;09 M Y $%-
2B
B $%
3 ?"
2 A2
$F 2 A2 3 -/ $%
?U"
7 9 ?4#Y "
J Y-hk/ B
# FA, -B$%dF / 7-$%d
R & &$ & #4 %& &
# F )&$(* % )& , : & &$

# F A? -B $%-" F / 7- $%-
= % # #' $ ) 1 '& & %( & 3
B3 ?3Y-" F / 7-? 2 A2 3"
3 F 7 ;;$%+ $F 7 /B$%
$(& #' $ ) 1 # $$(* & #4 %& &
83 7
= # $- +
7
B ?7 ;;" 7
= / 7- ? 7 /B"- +
7
F -+ /A$%9
=# $ / 99 , /0 , 7 /B
4# = = , A = -+ A2 M Y $%-
-+ /A
4# = -+ A2 M Y $%- < 4#& = -+ 0-/ M Y $%- Xl

;/
" V @ !
#4&) -h
" (% #( &%( - /%
.%( F / /;/! ? &8)& - 0 - 2 7 " -/
0
.%( F / /;/? -"F / A9% -7
.F / A0
%&% # 0
(&4 & %& / 7/
. F / A0% 8F/ -0
"= % # 4) ,(* ' $& &# ?6( & ( ( "
#( & 6( &# (&4 & %&# &' 3 # 3 )$ ) + % #
& &% &? "
& &# (# (8 ( &#
K) #& F / -/ , - / , -9// F //A M Y%

K6( & F / 20 , / 7/ , -9// F 92A M Y%
K$& )&#F -?/ 0 , / 0 , / -7",-9// F A7 M Y%
K F 00B M Y%
K !- 00B? -"-
= = = = -A /2 %
A A
& &# ' &) #

) $& # (&4 & %&# & ) )& & )& 6( &+ # &' 3 # 3
)$ ) +# (
(&4 F ?/ A0 / -/ / 0"?- / / 7/"?/ -0"?-9//"F09/ M
(&4 ! / 09 ? - %"
= - = = = 2- −%
9 9
! = F= U= - F -A /2U 2- F-B 2A %
& &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
K&#4 -[ F / /0 , --0/ , - / F -72 M Y%
-
K T! / -72? -"-
= T = = = 9 -0 %
A A
& & 6(6& 3 4 $ $& & ( :%($& ?!!U ="
)& &8)& W + '& & 6 . $ ) C! B7+ 3 $ )& $ #( &$(* $& &

( :%($& #& ) %( #(# $(&
=!!U = F BA A7 %
;
)\ % % # (# (8 3 & & 6( & ( ( #
&# $& () $& &
/9 /7 /
X
= / /2 + 7
? &8)& 9 2 - - -8 "
97// ! ! #
/
X
:)$ ) 7
! # - /%
6( &
= = / $ -/
) #&
F/ 9-0
7/?20" 7 20 / A0
6( & = = 2A2+ 027 $% 9
-
-
6( & = 7/?20" = B0/ $%
= 9- 0 $% / 7/
-
X = ? 6( & + 6( & " = ^2A2+ 027 + B0/?9- 0"- _ = 9L-/A+ ;0 $% 9
/ /
X 9L-/A+ ;0 $% 9
! 7
= = / B-
! # -//$% ? -/ $%" 7
/9 /7
- // - //
= / /2 + ? / B- " = / 9;/
97// -///
&# # $& () # $& & #
/2 /- /
X
= / /;0 + 7
? &8)& 9 2 - -8 "
-B// ! ! #
/2 /-
- // - //
= / /;0 + (/ B- ) = / 2 ? E "
-B// -///
=!!U =F / 2 ?BA A7 %" F 2/ 7B %
" # % % % # 4) $ #3$( ( # ! G &')($&8) # ? &8)& 7 9 "
= = = @
& & =?U" %
#(# $(& 6($( G& ( &
-B 2A -0 / /
T 9 -0 0/ / /
!!U = 2/ 7B ;0 / / ;0
#(# $(& F ^ -0 U 0/ TU ;0?!!U ="_

6($( F ^ / U / TU /?!!U ="_
G& ( & F ^/ ;0?!!U ="_
;-
" :)$ ) ) $ ( $('&) ? (# < $ % 6( & + 6 W "
&& ) #& ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F
= F ^ -0 = U 0/ = T U ;0 =?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0?-B 2A" U 0/?9 -0" U ;0?2/ 7B" F 9B 2 %
S ) ' $ (%( (# < '& & 6( &# # <&)& ) ' ($ + #

(
$. 4 $ (6 6( & ? 9 2 - 2"+ ) % 6&)
!Y9F -Y9 F 7 //%

- 4U KF -?/ -/"U/ 7/F - ;/%
F - /%
8F- / %
$ -/
! 8F - /%
.F / A0
' ( $F F / -/%
&F / A0$F / A0?-/"F ;$% 8F/ 7/
()( & F -∅ [ $
# )& (# (8 $(* % # & &+ # (8 # ∅ Y-[ 3
$ 8 (%( F 0 / $% ?-[" ? &8)& 0 - 7 "
/ 0h
0h 7 0h
/h
/h
/ 0h 7 0h
-h
-h -h
/ 7/ %
:)$ ) Z [
%& % % # )& 8&# )& 6( &+ #( F0 / $%-
? - " F ?9 "?7 0["U?9 "?;["U?- "?7["U?- "?2 0["
F 0 /A7[ F - B $%
F A0$% D - B $% F ;-$%
= 9B 2, /0
#F = = 2- 9 $%-
& / B,9-//?;- −
;
"
/ B43 ? " -
-
# 2- 9
= = = / //9
8 - /?;-"
;7
43 A,/ //9 ,9-//,;-

$= A = = 2 2 $% < -/$%
/ A04$L / A0,-A/
∴ (# <& : $ % 6( & $& )&
9B 2, /0
#= = 02 2A $%- ? - [ #F2 -$%-"
&
/ B,9-//?;- − "
-
#,9-//
&= = 9 ;2 $%
/ A0,-A/,- /
# %:,(% ? 0;77 "
& # $$(* # 8 4 & & $ %') $ $ Y j / 9-

%
$ F & Y β F 9 ;2 Y / A0 F 0 2/ $%
F ;- $%
$ Y F / /A c / 9- Xl
# % (% ? 0 ; 7 7 -"
!& $& ( & &$ ' ' $( & 8 # $&'& #(# ( ) % 6&)
-=$ 3 77=
&" -=$ F -4 F -?77 27 M Y$%-"?-0-+A;0$%7" F /- /0 %
(
4 = / 27 4$L = & = - / 4$L M Y $%- = - / -A/ M Y $%- = 77 27 M Y $%-
F 8.-Y2 F - /?A0"-Y2 F -0-+A;0$%7
8" 77 = F 77? 9B 2 %" F BA 7A %

) % 6&) # /- /0 % 3 )& $& ( & &$ $&)$ )& & ?02 2A$%-"
#(# = F 9B 2 % b /- /0 % Xl
- [
%& & $ &$$(* 3 %' & & $& &# )& &) # ? 0 / A"
) &)%& )& 6( &
# %' = / ;02 ^ _ ?0 /A- "

G3
# %' = / // A ^=X + $ 43 = 9-// M Y $%- _
# %' = / // A,7/ ,? A0 − -/" = 7 0 $%-

;9
# %' = ;2 $%- Y $& &

-/
-J 0YAh / A0
#F -J h
/ 7/
#& % # ' $& & J 0YA[ ?- //$%-"+ $ )& $ #( &$(*
# %:, = 7 = 7 ?7/" = B/ $% 3 # %:, = 90 $% Xl
" 6(#(* 4(# &$(* ' (# (8 $(* & %& &? 0 ; 7 9"
#4 %:,(% ) &$
>
4#& = ≤ / 243 ?0 ; 7 9 "
? $ " Y7
& & ) &$ ' #( (6

J 8F- / $%
$ = $ 8 + J # (8 +
≤ 0 $% ? 0 ; 7 9" - -/
$ = 0$% + -;$% + 2 29 $%
≤ 0 $% A0 $%
-J h
$ F 0$% U 2 29$% F 29$% $
2 29 -B
$ 2 -;
8K F & $. ) &)%& F 7/ $%
8F7/ $%
6 F S% 6& ())&# F -
?- $ "8 K ?-, 29$%"?7/ $%"

= = = 0A -/ $%- ? 0 ; 7 9"
6 -
> F 7/+/// Y%% ?$ ($(* ,' #($(* % & &" ? 0 ; 7 9"

F 7/+0B X Y$%
!
7/+ 0B M Y $%
4#& = = 7+ 9A7 M Y $%-
? 29 $% , 0A -/ $%- " Y 7
4#& ≤ / 2?9-//M Y $%- " = -+0-/ M Y $%-
4#& = -+0-/ M Y $%-

;0
#4 ) &$ 8&1 $& &# # 6($(
=# $
4# =
&& ) (# < ' #& ! %( 6($( +$ F F
=# = ? / = + /= T + / =!! + = " ? &8)& 7 9 "

=# F /? /,-B 2AU /,9 -0U /,2/ 7B"
=# F B9 7- %
# F-//+/// = & F -N/7B+9// M Y$%- ?0 9 7 -"

L
$ = 0+799 4 $ ?0 9 - 9 "
-
$ = 0+799 -A/ = -02+ ;09 M Y $%
# -L/7B+9// M Y $%-
= = =A
$ -02+;09 M Y $%-
8F- / $%
-/ 3
$F;- 3 ;-
# FA,2 - $%d ?U"
F9AB 2 $%d ?4#Y "
8F7/ $%
R & &$ & #4 %& &
# F )&$(* % )& , : & &$
F A?2 -/ $%-" F 9AB 2 $%-
= % # #' $ ) 1 '& & %( & 3
- /3 ?3Y-" F 9AB 2 ?;- 3"
3 F 2 9$%+ $F ;- 3 F 00 A2$%
$(& #' $ ) 1 # $$(* & #4 %& &

83 7
= # $- +
7
- / ? 2 9" 7
= 9AB 2 ?00 A2"- +
7
F NA--+/7 $%9
;2
!
=# $ B9 7- , /0 , 00 A2
4# = = , A = -+ 7 7 M Y $%-
L A--+ /7
4# = -+ 7 7 M Y $%- < 4#& = -+ 0-/ M Y $%- Xl
G" G& ( &
G " & & G& ( &
& & ) (# < ' G& ( &+ $ F F
=4& = ?/ ;0 =!! + = " ? &8)& 7 9 "
$&)$ )& $ $&%(* (# < + $ & # '& &$(* $ #& B/% ) #

1 # 9A ? 72 9 " # &')($& ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') ?
72 -"
$!
9A 9A 72
B/% 97%
9- 9-
=%:,
F A9
2/% 2/%
FA 02 FB A9
=!! = A 02 ?2% − / 9-%" = 9; ;2 −%
#( & )& (# (8 $(* # 8 $& & '& & # ) $& ()+ 3 )(%( & )
4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') -? 72 -"+ # (
4& = / 9;/ Y - = / 7B-

=!! F 9; ;2 % , / 7B- F A ;- %
! + '& & ) (# < ' 4& ( & $ =F/ 0 ? &8)& 7 2 - "
=4& F /?/ ;0, 0, A ;- %"

=4& F 2 0 %
;;
G -" $$(* 4(# & &
()( & )& # $$(* 4(# & & #( )& # %& #4 # 8( & $& &# ' %& #
%&3 & &# %:# 0 6 $ # )& $& & 4& ( &+ & ' # )& & #(* &$$(*
%&3 / -0 4$L ? 0 0 7"
#4 8( & $& &# ' %& # %&3 & &# %:# 0 6 $ # )& $& &
4& ( & & 6( & ( (
=N4& F /= U /= TU 0=4&
=N4& F /,-B 2A %U /,9 -0 %U 0, 2 0 % F 0A 2 %
4 &$$ = / -0 4$L = & = / A/ 4$L M Y $%- = / A/ -A/ M Y $%- = 7 7B M Y $%-
=L4& 0A 2, /0 M − $%
44& = = = -7 // M Y $%-
-0-+ A;0$% 7
% 44& F -7 // M Y$%- b 7 7B M Y$%-+ # #& : # $$(* & ( & &
G 7" @ (4($&$(* #4 #
#4 ) 4 8( & )& $& & 6(6&
# = - φ h = 2 - $%-
3 2 9 $%
1 = − = ;-$% − = 22 2- $% ?6 6(#(* & ( &%( "
7 7
=4& 2 0, /0
4!! = = = 7B2 M Y $%-
# ? 1 " ?2 -"?22 2-"
& %:,(% #4
) #4 % (% # ) #4 ' $& & 6(6& % (% $ %8( & $ ) #4

' $& & ' %&
)% % ' $& & % & '& & )& 6( & ( ( #
=!F= U= T F -B 2A % U 9 -0 % F 77 B7 %
) #4 ' $& & ' %& #

= ! 77 B7, /0
4 ! = = = A7- M Y $%-
# ? 1 " ?2 -"?22 2-"
# 6( & #(%') % &' 3& &+ ) #4 ' $& & 6(6& % (% #$
! + ) #4 % (% #
4% F / U A7-M Y$%- F A7-M Y$%-
;A
) #4 %:,(% # ) #4 ' $& & 6(6& %:,(% $ %8( & $ ) #4

' $& &# ' %& #
4%:, F 7B2M Y$%- U A7-M Y$%- F --AM Y$%-
) & #4 # # 4 F 4%:, D 4% F 7B2M Y$%-
) & ) %( #
4 ≤ 9;B − / 774%( + 02 ? " ?0 0 7 - "
.
Y. F / 7 ? 0 0 7"
4) %( = 9;B − / 77?A7-" + 02 ?/ 7" = 7;7 M Y $%-
4) %( F 7;7 M Y$%- b 4 F 7B2 M Y$%- Xl
" (# < ' ?6( & ( ( "
$$(* $ ($& ' $ $ $& &) &' 3 , %
&$ &) 0 A 7 -+ $ & )& &$$(* ( $$(* )$ & &')($&

( $ $ %' #(* )& (* , %&+ )& # $$(* $ ($& ' $ # ) $&)( &
$ ) %&3 6&) / 0 6$ 6+ # )& $& & ( & ) &' 3
1 ) &' 3
# $$( $ ( ($&
' $ &
(#' #( (6
&' 3
-0 -0 ) %&3 6
/0 $
!F -% 6
%( &$(* ) ' &) 4 $ (6 ' $ ? 0 A - B"
F 90] ?' $ (%( #(%')(4($& + 0 A 7 9"

& 9 ;2
6 = ' &) $ 4 $ (6 = − = ;- − = 2B 2- $%
- -
% ) / B/ F / B/?;- $%" F 29 A $% Xl
%&3 6&) / ;-. F / ;-?A0 $%" F 2 - $%
!& # $$(* $ ($& ' $ # 8($& # ) 1 ) &' 3
/ -0%U/ 2B2-% F / A- %
;B
)& (# & $(& / A-%

09/ M 09/ M 09/ M
& &% &? "
/ A-
K F 00BM Y% 3 (&4 F 09/M

K F 00B M Y%
@ = ? /+ 29 − 09/"M − / A-%? 00B M Y %"
F A+792M -%
/+ 29 M
' 4($( & & ? T" K F-72 M Y%

/ A-
T
K TF -72M Y%
@ T = 9 2 M − / A-%?-72M Y %"
-%
F +---M 9 2M
9A 9A 72
/ A- 9 7/ 9 7/ - 0A
& & 6(6& ?!!"
&" &%(* (# <
@F-7 /0
-%
F-7 /0
- -
8" & %
/ A- -/
@F B ;0
-%
F B ;0
$" & & $& () / A-

/ B2/ Y%
@F 0 //
#($( ´ $ & ´
%&,(% & / A-% )
1 &' 3
-%
F0 //
! @!!U =F -7 /0 ? 77"U0 // F 70 22
A/
(# (8 $(* 6( & ( (
&# $& () $& &

= / 72 + ? &8)& 9 2 - - 7& "
;2//
- //
= / 72 + = / 272
;2//
&# # $& () # $& & #

-
= / -+ − ? &8)& 9 2 - - 7& "

72// /;//
-
- // - //
= / -+ − = / ;90 ? E "
72// /;//
@!!U =F / ;90?70 22 " F -2 0; F -2 0;/M
&& ) (# < ' #& ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F
@ F ^ -0 @ U 0/ @ T U ;0 @?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
@ F -0?A+792"U 0/? +---"U ;0?-2+0;/" F 0A+;27M
& &$ & @ F 0A+;27M
& #(# @ FJ@ ?0 A - -"

JF/B ?0 0 9 -"
@ F @$U@#U @' ?0 A 7 7 "

#( @ )%
@ F / -04N$86 6 U @' ?0 A 7 7 -"
& #(# $ $ @$ = / /A7β 4$L 8 6 6 ^ _ ?0 A 7 7 7"

'& & F- ? 0 A 7 9" @$ = / 07 4$L 8 6 6 ^M _
4
6 3 6 ?$ +$ "#
& #(# &$ @# = ?0 A 7 7 9"
#
$ F 90] ? 0 A 7 9" 6 43 6
F B/] ?: ) ( $)( &$(* ) # (8 " @# =
#
& #(# $ $ ?@$"
@$ = / /A7β 4$L 8 6 6 ^ _ = / 07 4$L 8 6 6 ^M _ = / 07 -A/ ?7/ ,2B 2-"

@$ F A+0-7M
#( 86 F & $. ) &)%&F 7/ $%
A
& #(# ) &$ ?@#"
' ' # (8 # J Y-[ #'&$(& # $& & 0 $% !
6 43 6 ?$ +$ "# 6 43 6 - 0A?9-//"?2B 2-"

@# = = = = 0/+ -B7 M
# # 0/
# F 0 / $% ? #'&$(&%( &# %( # (8 #"

6 F - , -B $%d F - 0A $%d ?&# %( - &%&# J Y-["
%' 4 &' #& @'F/
& %( &) #(#
)% 6&) @ F A+0-7M U 0/+-B7M U / F 2A+A 2M

@ F / -0 , -A/ , 7/ , 2B 2- U / F 92+-/-M
! @ F 2A+A 2M
& #(# &)
@ F J@ F / B?2A+A 2 M " F 2 +B79M b 0A+;27X Xl
4 & #6 #&) % (%
86#
6 ≥ / /A7 4$L ^ _ ?0 A - 0 "
43
86 #
= 6 ≥ / -; 4$L ^=X _
43
7/? 0"
6 ≥ / -; -A/ $%-
9-//
6% = / 9A $%d < - 0A $%d Xl
#'&$(&%( %:,(% ) 4 & #6 #&) ? 0 A - ;"
@ − φ@'
6 = ?0 A - B "
φ8 6 6
@ 0A+;27
6 = = = 7 -2 M Y $%d
φ8 6 6 / B?7/"?2B 2-"
&%8(
#( 6 c / -04N$ #%:,F / A 6 2/ $% ?0 A - ; "
#( 6 / -04N$ #%:,F / 9 6 7/ $% ?0 A - ; -"
A-
% 6 F 7 -2M Y$%d c / -0?-A/M Y$%d" F 70M Y$%d
#%:,F / A 6 F / A?2B 2-$%"F 00 ;/$%

#%:,F 2/ $%
! # F 0 //$% c #%:,F 00 ;/$% Xl
! + & & (# & $(& / A- ) &' 3 ?# $$(* $ ($& ' $ & " #& # (8 #
Y-[k / 0
#' $ #
$ # $ (6
-/
-J 0YAh / A0
#F -J h
/ 7/ # (8 # J Y-hk/ 0
?& & (# & $(& / A-%
) 1 &' 3 "
A7
" V @ ! H
"= % # 4) ,(* ' $& &#
& &% &? "
&F-/-A ;0 $%-
!
-;/ M -;/ M -;/ M
#4&) -h
/ -/
0
K F B7A M Y%
-7
/ 20
KF 2B M Y%
T
0 (&4 & %&
7;0 0
8F/ -0 % -%
7/ 0
/ A-0 /0
& &# (# (8 ( &#
K) #& F / -/ , A;0 , -9// F B// M Y%

K6( & F / 20 , / 7/ , -9// F 92A M Y%
K$& )&#F -?/ 0 , / 0 , / -7",-9// F A7 M Y%
r K8& & F / -/-A;0 , -9// F 9A; M Y%
K F B7A M Y%
r & S ) 9 2 - - + )&# $& &# ' %& # ) &8) $ % # ) $&#

)' # )&# 8& &#+ # ' (# (8 ( (4 % % &# )&# 6( &#5 #(
%8& # $&# &# %( % # )&# 8& &# # # ' & &# &% '
)&# 6( &# , ( #
K !- B9? -"-
= = = = 79 B- %
A A
& &# ' &) #
#( & 6( &# (&4 & %&# &' 3 # 3 )$ ) + % #
(&4 F ?/ A0 / -/ / 0"? /0 / 0"?/ -0"?-9//"F-;/M
(&4 ! / -; ? - %"
= - = = =/A −%
9 9
! = F= U= - F 79 B-U/ A F70
70 ;7 %
& &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
K&#4 -[ F / /0 , 0/ , --0/ F 2BM Y%

A9
-
K T! / 2B? -"-
= T = = = 7 /9 %
A A
& & 6(6& ?!!"
)& &8)& W + '& & 6 . $ ) C! B7+ 3 $ )& $ #( &$(*

$& & ( :%($& # & ) %( #(# $(&
=!!U = F BA A7 %
)\ % % # (# (8 3 & & 6( & , ( #
&" &8)& 9 2 - - - ! 3 = % #? )& )& '&)& $&"+ $&# $& ()

(# < $& &
Y- Y-
/ 2/ A/ 0
'
?=( (% " & ($ )&$(
&' 3
7;0
90
/ A-0 - /
B0 / 0
= + = / 0//
- / - / -
! F/ 0//+ 4&$ &# #& ) (# < ' G& ( & &) #&
&4 $ & ' ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (')
& & ) # # & # ) %( # #(# $(& 3 6($( + ( $) (% # ) 4&$

' # $(& %S) (') %F -
F / 0//?
0//? -" F / 2//
8" &8)& 9 2 - - - &# # %:# $& () # (# < $& & #
= ? ( "
F (# & $(& # ) 1 $ &) )& 6( & , ( & )& $& &

( ( )& 8& & F 90/%%
= / ;; + ? &8)& 9 2 - - - "
-A//
90/
= / ;; + = / B7
-A//
A0
( F/2 ?6 (# < 6( & ( ( "
! F / B7 ?/ 2 " F / 02B
02B
$" 92--- &# ' # 6( & 3 ) #& $ (&4 & %&# ( &%
$ $ & # ?6 &%8( ' ($ "
! H , Σ
= + ? 92--- "
8 Σ, -
$ " $& () $& &
Y- Y-
/ 2/ A/ 0
?=( (% "
F- /
7;0 0 H F7 0
7/ ,
/ A-0 - / - / - / / A-0
,F /0
,F7 0
F &$$(* # 8 )& 6( & , ( %( # $& () ?& $. F7 2/%"

! F S% $& () # $& & # F
8 F S% 6( &# F 9
F ,$ ($( & ) $&%(* (# < $& & $& () #' $ )
$ &6 & )$ 1 6( &# F - /%
H , F (# & $(& . ( &) # ) $ &6 & ) $ 1
6( &# .&# & )& 6( & , ( F 7 0%
, F (# & $(& . ( &) # ) $ &6 & ) $ 1
6( &# .&# & $& & 6( &
7 0 % ?- %"
= + = / 00/
9 -^?7 0%"- + ? /0 %"- _
) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') + %F -
F F -?/ 00/" F / 22/

22/
$ -" # $& () # $& & #
Y- Y-
Y- Y-
/ 2/ A/ -/ / 2/ A/
?=( (% "
-
F- / F 0/
-
7;0 0 H F7 0
7/ ,
/ A-0 - / - / - / / A-0
,F /0
,F7 0
A2
- 7 0 % ?- / % − 0/ %"
= + = / 0A2
9 -^?7 0 %"- + ? /0 %"- _
) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') %F /
F F /?/ 0A2" F / 0A2
) 4&$ (# (8 $(* $ ($ #+ F / 22/
" ) # $&# # &"+ 8"+ 3 $"+ # ) $$( &% # '& & ) # & )(%( #(# $(& )
4&$ (# (8 $(* % % + F / 22/
=!!U =F / 22/?BA A7 %" F 20 -7 %
"= % (# < + # & ! %( #(# $(&
F F
= F ^ -0 = U 0/ = T U ;0 =?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0?70 ;7" U 0/?7 /9" U ;0?20 -7" F 27 7A %
# ( &) ( #& 3 & %& & ' :$ ($&+ &)( & ) $:)$ ) ) &$
$ #' (
" (# < '
!& # $$(* $ ($& ' $ ' #(%')($( & )& %& % # &) ( &) )
$&# )& 6( & ( ( +& & (# & $(& / A-% ) 1 ) &' 3
& &% &? " !

-;/ M -;/ M -;/ M
K F +B7AM Y%
/ A-
@ = ? -+/77 − -;/"M − / A-%? B7A M Y %"

F /+ ;9M K F B7A M Y%
-%
-+/77 M
' 4($( & & ? T"

/ A- K F 2B M Y%
T
K TF 2BM Y%
@ T = / 9 M − / A-%? 2BM Y %"

F A;0M -%
/ 9M
A;
9A 9A 72
& & 6(6& 9 7/ - 0A
/ A- 9 7/
&" &%(* (# <
@F-7 /0
-%
F-7 /0
- -
8" & %
/ A- -/
@F B ;0
-%
F B ;0
/ A-
/ B2/ Y%
$" & & $& ()
@F 0 // #($( ´ $ & ´
%&,(% & / A-% )
1 &' 3
-%
F0 //
! @!!U =F -7 /0 ? 77"U0 // F 70 22
)\ $ & # (# (8 3 & & 6( & , ( #
&" &8)& 9 2 - - 78 ! 3 = % #? )& )& '&)& $&"+ '& & ) $&#

$& () $& &
Y- Y-
/ 2/ A/ 0
'
?=( (% " & ($ )&$(
&' 3
7;0
90
/ A-0 - /
B0 / 0
= + = / 0//
- / - / -
AA
! F/ 0//+ 4&$ &# #& ) (# < ' G& ( & &) #&
&4 $ & ' ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (')
& & ) # # & # ) %( # #(# $(& 3 6($( + ( $) (% # ) 4&$

' # $(& %S) (') %F -
F / 0//?
0//? -" F / 2//
8" &8)& 9 2 - - 78 + $&# # %:# $& () # $& & #
= ? ( "
F (# & $(& # ) 1 $ &) )& 6( & , ( & )& $& &

( ( )& 8& &
F 90/ %%
= / 2/ + ? &8)& 9 2 - - 78 "
7///
90/
= / 2/ + = / ;0
7///
( F / ;90 ?6 (# < 6( & ( ( "
! F / ;0?/
;0?/ ;90"
;90" F / 00B
00B
$" 9 2 - - 78 &# ' # 6( & 3 ) #& $ (&4 & %&# ( &%

$ $ & # ?6 &%8( ' ($ "
! H , Σ
= + ? 92--- "
8 Σ, -
$ " $& () $& &
Y- Y-
/ 2/ A/ 0
?=( (% "
F- /
7;0 0 H F7 0
7/ ,
/ A-0 - / - / - / / A-0
,F /0
,F7 0
F &$$(* # 8 )& 6( & , ( %( # $& ()

! F S% $& () # $& & # F
8 F S% 6( &# F 9
AB
F,$ ($( & ) $&%(* (# < $& & $& () #' $ )

$ &6 & )$ 1 6( &# F - /%
H , F (# & $(& . ( &) # ) $ &6 & ) $ 1
6( &# .&# & )& 6( & , ( F 7 0%
, F (# & $(& . ( &) # ) $ &6 & ) $ 1
6( &# .&# & $& & 6( &
7 0 % ?- %"
= + = / 00/
9 -^?7 0%"- + ? /0 %"- _
) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') + %F -
F F -?/ 00/" F / 22/

22/
$ -" # $& () # $& & #
Y- Y-
Y- Y-
/ 2/ A/ -/ / 2/ A/
?=( (% "
-
F- / F 0/
-
7;0 0 H F7 0
7/ ,
/ A-0 - / - / - / / A-0
,F /0
,F7 0
- 7 0 % ?- / % − 0/ %"
= + = / 0A2
9 -^?7 0 %"- + ? /0 %"- _
) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') %F /
F F /?/ 0A2" F / 0A2
) 4&$ (# (8 $(* $ ($ #+ F / 22/
" ) # $&# # &"+ 8"+ 3 $"+ # ) $$( &% # '& & ) # & )(%( #(# $(& )
4&$ (# (8 $(* $ & + F / 22/ 22/
@!!U =F / 22/?70 22 " F -7 09

B/
" & (# < + # & ! %( #(# $(&
F F
@ F ^ -0 @ U 0/ @ T U ;0 @?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0? / ;" U 0/?/ AA" U ;0?-7 09" F 00 -7
# ( &) ( #& 3 & %& & ' :$ ($&+ &)( & ) $:)$ ) ) &$ '
$ $ #' (
B
@"
@" V
' ' # $&# % ) 8& & $ $ $ ' 4() 8&#& )&

8& & K P # 3 &8 # &$& #(# %& 8& &# 3 # $ ,(* & )&
$ 8( & #*) # & ( & #' # % # & # #& (#4&$ ( & &6 #
' 8&# $. 8& &# & #$&)& & &) '& & ) (6 ) ' 8& # &
^ 7;7 _ ( # &)( & % (4($&$( # % # & % ) # 3& ' 8& #+
&4 $ & # #(# $(&+ ' ()( & # #( )&# ' 8&# (%'&$ ( &#
/ 7;0
0 ;0
/0
J -hk/ ;
9;
;J7 Ah
/ A0
-0
#4&) -h /A
/0
! #& -/
" #(# $(& 4) ,(* &) 1 6 ($&) & )& 8& & ?=K"
!& #(# $(& & ) # % % # ' #( (6 3 & (6 &$ S& &) 1

6 ($&) # %( & %& $ % 8&# ) % $& (#% 4&))& # ('
8& &#5 # %( & &# ) 4 . ( &) )& $& & 6 ($&) )& 8& &?
# $&# 9J7YA["
&& %( & ) % % #(# # (6( ( : )& # $$(* 8& & #
'& # + - 3 7+ &) $ % # 8# 6& ) :4($
0 ;0
0 ;0 /0
/0
; 0/
;B
B ;0 -
9; 9;
B ;0
7
-0$% -0
- 9J7 Ah 9
7 7 7
B-
4$L = -A/ M Y $%- + 43 = 9-// M Y $%- + # (
$$(*
F $ 8 U J U JY- F -[ U o[ U ?7YA["Y- F - 2A;0[ F 2 A7$%

= 0 Y - $% = ; 0 $%
- = ; B/$% − 2 A7$% = /; $%
7 = -/$% − 2 A7$% = 7 ; $%
+ - + 7 ; 0 $% + /; $% + 7 ; $%
= = = / 0A $%
7 7
# = ?- + / 0" J7 Y Ah = - 0?/ ; $%- " = ;A $%-
# 43 ;A?9-//"
&= = = / 2; $%
/ A04$L 8 / A0?-A/"?9;"
JF / ? &# 6 # , % #+ C 7- "
& / 2;
= =J −
" = /? ;A"?9-//"? / 0A −
# 43 ? "
- -
= = ;2+ 0B- M − $% = / ;; − %
$$(* -
7 = -/$% − 2 A7$% = 7 ; $%
9 = 7; 0$% − 2 A7$% = 7/ 2; $%
7 + 9 7 ; $% + 7/ 2; $%
= = = - B- $%
- -
# = ?/ 0 + / 0" J7 Y Ah = / ; $%-
# 34 / ; ?9-//"
&= L
= = / 0/ $%
/ A04 8 $ / A0?-A/"?-0"
& / 0/
= =J # 43 ? − "= /?/ ; "?9-//"?- B- − "
- -
= = 29+ 2-/ M − $% = / 20 −%
$$(* 7
= 9 = 7/ 2; $%
# = / 0 J7 Y Ah = / 0?/ ; $%d" = / 72 $%-
# 43 / 72?9-//"
&= = = / 9B $%
/ A04$L 8 / A0?-A/"? 7"
B7
& / 9B
= =J # 43 ? − "= /?/ 72"?9-//"?7/ 2; − "
- -
= = 92+ //7 M − $% = / 92 −%
! + ) &) #
=K F = F / ;; % U / 20 % U / 92 %
=K F AA %
= &) & (6
%& & #(%')(4($& &+ #( &8&1&% # $ : & $& )& (6&) + % #
= A-- 0/ $%-
- = ; A ;0 $%-
7 = 9A; 0/ $%-
= -/-A ;0 $%-
&& & &) & 8& & / A0%+ # : #
-/-A ;0 $%-
.= = -7 A; $% -7 A;$%
A0 $%
F $ 8 U J6UJY- F -[ U o[ U ?7YA["Y- F - 2A;0[
F 2 A7$% A0$%
9J7 Ah
F -7 A;$% D 2 A7$% F ; /9 $%
# F 9J7YA[ F 9?/ ; $%d" F - A9$%d
# 43 - A9?9-//"
&= = = / 0B $%
/ A04$L 8 / A0?-A/"?A0"
& / 0B
= =J # 43 ? − "= /?- A9"?9-//"? ; /9 − "
- -
= = BB+ ;79 M − $% = - // −%
=KF = F - // % + 6&) # % 1& &) 8 ( ) '&#

& (
B9
" #(# $(& 4) ,(* &) 1 '& &) ) &) 1 ) ( ( &) ) '
?=$"
$&)$ )& &$ & )&# ) &# & $ ) % % 4) ,(* & (6

W# ' $ #4 # #(* )& $& & ( $)( & & )& 8& &+ %( &
) 4 )& 8& & '& & #& $& &
()( & J Y-[k/ ;% ? # F -B$%dY/ ;% F ; 0B $%dY%"+ $ #( &

4&1&# % & $.
$$(*
0$%
F $ 8 U JY- F -[U? Y-["Y-F- -0[ F 0 ;-$%
= .− = ; B − 0 ;- = - A$% J -hk/ ;
9;$%
# 43 ; 0B?9-//"
&= L
= = 79$%
/ A04$ 8 / A0?-A/"? //" =$
& 79 -/$%
=$+ = J # 43 ? − "= /?; 0B"?9-//"? - A − "
- -
=$+ = 7 2; −%
$$(* -
-/
-/ + 7; 0 J -hk/ ;
= − 0 ;- = -7 /7$%
- =$
-0
& 79
=$+ = J # 43 ? − "= /?; 0B"?9-//"?-7 /7 − "
- - 7
=$+ = ; 7 −%
7;0
$$(* 7
F 7; 0$% D 0 ;-$% F 7 ;A$%

& 79
=$+ = J # 43 ? − "= /?; 0B"?9-//"?7 ;A − "
- -
=$+ = B B- −%
)% % ' % ( #
7 2;?/ 9;" + ; 7?/ -0" + B B-?/ 7"

=$ = = 0 29 − %
/ A0
B0
"! ( $ ($& )& ) & & ?!$" # S ) '& * 4&))&
-
! ! AC?=8 + =K "
!$ = + + ? 77 -"
- - =$
-
/; /; A?/ A0"?/ + AA"
!$ = + + = - 7%
- - 0 29
! F) ( (# (8 $(* ) ( ( &) )& 4 & (%'&$ G

F /;%+ '& & ) (6 ) ! 9 ? &8)& 7- "
C F &) & )& 8& & F / A0%
=8F #(# $(& 4) ,( &) & ($( &) )& '& # ' ( )%
F/
=KF #(# $(& 4) ,( &) ) % #' $ # 1 6 ($&)
F AA %
=$F #(# $(& 4) ,( &) ) #% # 6 )& ( #' $ 1 '& &) ) &) 1
) ( ( &) ) '
F 0 29 %
!$ F ) ( $ ($& )& ) & & ) '& * 4&))&
" #(# $(& %( &) & )& $& & & #6 #&) K
- =$ !-$
K = A=8 + A=K + ? 77 "
-! $ − ! C
G F -9/+/// '& & ) (6 ) ! 9 F -9 9; ? &8)& 7- "

KF #(# $(& ) '& &'
- 0 29?- 7"-
K = A?/" + A? AA" +
-,- 7 − /; / A0
K = -A 7/ > G = -9 9; Xl
B2
" & #4 $(& $ & )& 8& & 3 )& ) #&
& &$ &

K
K
@$ = ? 79- "
! $ + -C
A0
-A 7/
@$ = = ; 7B Y% J Y-hk/ ;
- 7% + -,/ A0%
@
$
& #(# / 7;0
&& #$ $ # $ )& # (4 #% % #
@ =$ + µ? + ≤ / -4$L ?0 A 9 "
$6 64 43 $" $6 *00 $6
F: &
$6 $ $ &$ F 7; 0$% , //$% F 7;0/$%d
F: & ) K )
64 ) ')& $ F J Y-[k/ ; ? & * #*)
& '& & # : & $)& &"
F -B$%dY/ ;% F ; 0B$%²Y%
$ F 4&$ $ . #(* ?0 A 9 -"
F / 0-= & F 0 7M Y$%d ? &# 7"
s F / 2 F / 2? /" F / 2 ? &# 7"
4$L = -A/ M Y $%-
43 = 9-// M Y $%-
$ F4 & $ %' #(* ' %& ' ' ($ )& &) ')& $
F' # )& 8& & & F / -/-A;0%d , -9//M Y%d F 9A;M
% & $. 8& &
@ F 0 7M Y$%d?7;0/$%d" U / 2?; 0B$%d , 9-//M Y$%d U 9A;M "
F 7B+-B9 M j/ -?-A/M Y$%d"?7;0/$%d"

* 0 0?7;0+///%%d" , / / B; M
F 7B -B j - / * - / 7
F 7B -B Y% b @$ F; 7B Y% Xl
G" . ) K )
!& & %& & ' $ 8 #& (#4&$ ( 4&# # . %( * ) #&# 3

6( &#+ ' ( & ) ( 6( &
/ 708 6
64 ≥ ?0 A 9 9"
43
B;
86 F & $. )& ( 4&# F 7;0%%

43 F 9-// M Y$%d F 9 -= &
/ 70,7;0%% ///%%
64 ≥ , = 7 A 2%%d Y % = 7 B$%d Y %
9 -= & ///%%
6 J Y-[k/ ; F ; 0B$%dY% b 7 B$%dY% Xl
"! ( & $)&1
!& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 ? .8 " '& & & 8& & %( & & & $. #
// 8 ?0 -9 "
.8 =
4$L
(
F Y-[ F - ;%%
8
4N$F -A/M Y$%d F -; 92= &
//? - ;%%"
.8 = = -9-%% = -9 -$%
-; 92= &
#( & ) $ 8 (%( )& &) ' ' ($ )& &) ')& ) & $. #
%&3 ( &) 29%%+ )& ) ( 8:#($& & $)&1 # &4 $ & : ' ) 4&$ /;
?0 - 9 -"
. =/; .8 = / ;,-9 -$% = ;$% . -/ ! #&

$ 8F-h
!& ) ( & $)&1 .

8 # % A 8 * 0$% ?0 -9 "
. = ;$% ≥ A 8 = / 2$% 3 0$%
(#' '& & )& ) ( #& )) #*) 0 $%+ ) $ &) #

#& (#4&$ ( ( %8& + $ #( & $ & .&3 %:# & %& &
)& ( & )& ) ( 8:#($& #& )) (#%( 3 # S )& )&$(*
# ( &
, .8 + % #
# ' 6(# &
0 0
# ( &= #' 6(# & , = ; 0B$%d , = 2 ;/$%d
; ;
BA
#& % # # & : & &$ '& & $&)$ )& )& $&'&$( & )& 8& &
# 43 2 ;/?9-//"
&= = = A$%
/ A04$L 8 / A0?-A/"? //"
& A
=$+ = J # 43 ? − "= /?2 ;/"?9-//"? - A − " = 7 -2 −%Y%
- -
A
=$+ = /?2 ;/"?9-//"?-7 /7 − "=27 −%Y%
-
A
=$+ = /?2 ;/"?9-//"?7 ;A − " = A ;A −%Y%
-
7 -2? 9;" + 2 7 ? -0" + A ;A? 7"

! = = = 0 // −%Y%
/ A0
-
! ! AC?=8 + =K "
!$ = + + ? 77 -"
- - =$
-
/; /; A?/ A0"?/ + AA"
!$ = + + = - --%
- - 0 //
- =$ !-$
K = A=8 + A=K + ? 77 "
-! $ − ! C
- 0 //?- --"-
K = A?/" + A? AA" +
-,- -- − /; / A0
K = -2 7 > G = -9 9; Xl
) )& ) ( #& )) ) .F 0$%+ # & $ & & !&# 8& &# %( & &#
& $. 8 & %:# , # - 8U9 8F 2? -;"F- $%
? 0 -9 "
9 8
- 8
- $%
BB
@" V ! @ ! >
" ( ( # ! G &')($&8) # ? &8)& 7 9 "
#(# $(& F ^ -0 U 0/ TU ;0?!!U ="_

6 , % F ^ / U / TU /?!!U ="_
"= % # 4) ,(* ' $& &# ?4 & 1& /% & $. "
7; 0
0 ;0
/0
;9
/ 7/ ,
?% (% "
m
9; ,F 7
F -/-A ;0$%- A0 #4&) -h

8& &
m / -/ F 9A;M Y%
8& &
,F 7 -0$%
/ 7;0 / 7/ 0 0
#4&) -h 7
F 9A;M Y%
8& & $& & 6( &
#( & )% % 4) $ )& $& & 6( & # (
& &% &? "
K) #& F / -/% , /% , -+9//M Y%7 F 9A/M Y%
-
K) #&! 9A/?/ 2;0"-
= + = = = /BM %
- -
)' # )& 8& & #

8 F / -/-A;0%d , /% , -9//M Y%i F 9A;M
= +- = 8 ?! − ," = 9A;M ?/ 2;0% − / 7%" = -20 M − %
! = = /BM − % + -20M − % = 7;9M − %
& &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
K&#4 -[ F / /0% , //% , --0/M Y%i F 7 M Y%

//
7?/ 7/"-
= T = = 0M − %
-
& & 6(6& ?!!"
) & $. 4 & 1& # (# (8 3 ) 1 & #
F 9/U/ A77H ? &8)& 9 2 - 7 "
H F (# & $(& )& $& & 3 ) ' &' 3 ?%%"

F / 0% F 0/%%
!
F 9/U/ A77? 0/" F -20%% F -;%
) % % ) 1 & 6 .($ )& (# (8 ( & $. F -;%+

&4 $ & ' ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (') ?%F -"+ 3 ) ( $ % ' $& &
( :%($& ? F/ 77" #
; 9 ? -"? 77"
=!! + = = ? /" = / M − %
-;%
)(#(* 6 .($ )& ? "
F-2 7
K
CF/ A0 ! U-CF - --%U-,/ A0%

F 7 B-%
=
K -2 7
= = ?C" = ? / A0%" = 0 2; −%
! $ + -C 7 B-%
" :)$ ) ) $
&& ) #& ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F
= F ^ -0 = U 0/ = T U ;0 =?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0?7;9" U 0/?0" U ;0?/" F 9;0M % F / 9A %

/
&& ) #& ! %( 6 , % +$ F F
= F ^ -0 = U 0/ = T U // = _ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0?7;9" U 0/?0" U //?02;/" F 2 90M % F 2 0 %
-J Y-hk/ -/
/ -/
J Y-hk/ B
( # S) (% % % ) ( + ' 8& % # & #& -∅ o[k / -/%
=F 2 0 %
#? "F - 0A$%d Y / -/% F - B $%dY%
F $ 8 (%( F 0 /$% ? &8)& 0 - 7 "
-;
=0 /+ = 0 29 $%
-
F -/$% D 0 29$% F 9 72$%
J F / ? &# 6 # , % #+ C 7- "
# 43 - B/,9-//
&= = = - -A $%
/ A04$L 8 / A0,-A/, //
& - -A
J= = J # 43 ? − "= /? - B/"?9-//"? 9 72 − "=; 2 −%
- -
# % % 8 $( # ' )& 4 & #(* &,(&) 1 $( & ' )&

$ )(#(* ) 6 )& + = K
! $ + -C
/ -/ =
/-
-2 7
= = 2 2; Y%
- -- + -?/ A0%"
# )6( $ % $&# % % 4) ,(* 3 #(* $ %8( & #
=
+ ≤ /
J J=
! + )& $&'&$( & #
= = J= −
J
(
F #? " U #?U" F - 0A$%dY/ -/% U -B$%dY/ B% F B 2B $%dY%

#
F F 2 2; Y%
J F J # 43 F /? B 2B$%d"?9-//M Y$%d" F A-+2BAM F A- ;/
J= F ; 2 %
2 2;
= =; 2 − = 2 0A − % > 2 0 − % Xl
A- ;/
#& -J Y-[k/ -/
"! ( #& ))
-J Y-hk/ -/
/ -/
.
) 4 & (6 ) 6 )& + ( % (& &% 8&1 )& 8& &+ 8
#(# ( = F 0 2; % ! + # $. & : )& ) ( #& )) #&
&
. = .8 4&$ % (4($&$(* ?0 -9 "
( )& ) ( 8:#($& #& ))
// 8 ?0 -9 "
.8 =
4$L
//? - ;%%"
.8 = = -9-%% = -9 -$%
-; 92= &
/7
# ( = ( 0 2; − %
#( & ≈ = 3 )
# ' 6 ( = ' 6 ( 2 0A − %
$ 8 (%( )& &) ' ' ($ )& &) ')& ) & $. # %&3 29%%
?4&$ / ;"+ )& ) ( & $)&1 #
0 2;
. = -9 -$% ?/ ;" = 9 2/ $% ?0 - 9 -"
2 0A
(#' 7; 0$% -?0 29$%"F-2 --$% Xl
"! ( )&# 8& &# & ($( &) # ) 6 )&

!&# 8& &# J Y-[ & ($( &) # $ ) $& &# )& '& # ' ( )& ) #& 8
, # %:# &)): ) 1 $ &) )& 6( & , ( .&$(& ) ' (% &%
( ( )& ) #& & & %( & )& ) ( # & , #(* # $ #& (
$ & )& (# & $(& )&# 8& &# & ($( &) # J Y-[ 3& # ( &#
# & (# & $(& * ($& $ )% % 8( & )& $ )(#(* %:# )& $& &
% &+ ( &)& &) % % & (6 #(# )&# 8& &# J Y-k/ -/%
(
$ 8 (%( F 0$% ? &8)& 0 - 7 "
J F / B/
F -/$% 0$% -;$%Y- F 9 7;$%
#F -B$%dY/ -/% F 2 90 $%dY%
# 43 2 90,9-//
&= = = 9$%
/ A04$L 8 / A0,-A/, //
!& #(# $(& )% % & (6 )& ) #& #
& 9
= =J # 43 ? − " = / B/?2 90"?9-//"? 9 7; − " = 7 72 −%
- -
&& ) #& ) %( 6 , % + )% % & (6 $ JF / #

( $ % &&
/
= = 7 72 , = 7 ;7 − %
/B
# %( 4&$ & #' / 0+ 3 ( & &' # ( (# (8 $(*

% % + ) (& &%& % % ' )& $ )(#(* ) ' (% &% ( (
)& ) #& #
9/%
U- A70 %
,
?U"
?"
= F ? 9/ ,"0 2;
+, 9/
= F 0 2; %
- /%
/9
, K F/ 9A Y%
) #&
F/ AB
F/ AB F /- F /-
/ A-0 - / - / - / / A-0
F/ 9A; F/ 9A;
8& & 8& &
/ 7 , / 7
F/ 2A
F/ 2A F/ B F/ B
/ A-0 - / - / - / / A-0
) ' (% &% ( ( )& ) #& # ( )&# #( ( # ,' #( #

% % 4) $
& &= &? "

?/ A-0 + ,"-
! #& = , = −/ 9A + / AB ,
-
& & =, F / 9A;?/ 2B0U," U / 2A,
& &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
#' $(& : ' # % 3' <&
& &' $ )(#(* 6 .($ )& ? "
0 2;
= =− ? 9/ − ,"
9/
!& (# & $(& , # $ & ( &)& = F 7 ;7 %+ $ ) % %

$ #' ( &) 6 , %
−7 ;7 = / ^ -0= +, + /= +, _
?/ A-0 + ,"- 0 2;
− 7 ;7 = -0 − / 9A + / AB , − / 9A;?/ 2B0 + ," + / 2A , + / − ? 9/ − ,"
- 9/
# )6( + , F / 09%
& &:& %:# ?0 -" )& ) ( 0 8F 0? -;$%"F/ B%

/0
( &) / 09% U / B% F / ;7%
#& ) ( &) / ;7% %:# &)): ) 1 )& 6( & , & # $ %'& &
$ )& ) ( #& )) # )& $& & )& 6( &+ '& & # ) $$( & )& %&3
) (
!& ) ( #& )) 8:#($& #(* #
/ /- 8 43
8 = ≥ / /2 8 43 ?0 - "
4$L
8 F -B$%d F -B%%-
43 F 9-//M Y$%d F 9 -= &
4N$ F -A/M Y$%d F -; 92= &
8 F -;$% F - ;/%%
/ /-? -B"?9 -"

8 = ≥ / /2? - ;/"?9 -"
-; 92
8 = -/- A0%% ≥ 7 7 B9%%
!& ) ( #& )) # :
. = 8 = 7 7B $% ≈ 7 $%
) &$ J Y-[k/ -/% & ($( &) &) &$ & (6 ) ' (% &% ( (
)& ) #& ?J Y-[k/ -/%" # , ( $ # ) #( ( %
/ ;7%
J Y-hk/ -/ ?& ($( &)"
/ -/
0 0 .
92
/2
@" V @ G =
!&# 6( &# (&4 & %&# # 6( &# & #6 #&) # # #& $ % ( # &# ) #
, % # )&# 6( &# + &' 3 #+ 3 ' # ( % ( # '& & %& )&
% & )& # $$(* 3 &# %(#% #(# ( 4 &# )& &) # # $&# )& 8($&$(*
) # (&4 & %&# 8 $ & (#' #($( # & ( # ) C # & #
) # $ ) ( 6&) # ,$ & - B% ?9/N" .& ' & ' ))
$ ) $& (&4 & %&# ) # , % # )& # ' # $ & 3 )$
) B; 9 )&# #' $(4($&$( #! G ( & %:# ) # &8) # )&#
) &# (#$ ( ( & + $&# 8 #+ # & 4 & # ' & 6( &
) % + )& $ &) 8 #& ( & & &$ & 4 %& $ %' # & $ ) &8)
!&# 6( &# 8 # ' (# <& $ % 6( &# $ & $. '& & )& (# (8 $(* )&
$& & 6(6& #(%()& &) & $. 4 $ (6 ) &8) #' $(4($& ) $ ) 92- 9
&& )' # $&# % $ # 6& # (# (8 3 )& $& & 6(6& ,$) #(6&%
# 8 ) & $. ) (&4 & %&+ ) $ &) # &$ ' &8)
" :)$ ) ) &$ ' ( $('&) & (6
.& : # 8 )& 8&# ) %:,(% % % & (6 $ $ &) ( &

) # &' 3 # ( #? # $&# '& % #' "
#4&) -h
A0 ;/
0
7/ @( & (&4 & %& 8F -0
0 0 -0
!F- / - / - /
@ !
= % 4) ,(* ' $& &#
& &% &? "

1
& &# ) 1 8( &) 6 )&
8& F 9A;M Y% , / -0%

& F --M 8& &
7
) #& F / -/% , / 2;0% , / -0% , -9// M Y% F A M / 7
7
$& )& F o , / 0% , / -7% , / -0% , -9//M Y% F /M
&) F - 7M / -/
= % ) 1 8( &) 6 )& ) #&

$& )&
=8& & F --M , ?/ A-0 / 7"% F A0M %
7;0 0
=) #& F A M , ?/ A-0 / 2;0Y-"% F 7BM %
=$& )& F /M , ?/ -7Y7U/ 0"% F -M % 7/ 0
= &) F -2M % / A-0
/;
& & (# (8 ( & ' ' # ' '( ) (&4 & %&
K'' F / -0% , / ;/% , -9//M Y%7 F 9-/ M Y%

# )6( )& 6( & .(' # : ($& % #
& &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
#' $(& : ' # % 3' <&
& & 6(6& 3 4 $ $& & ( :%($& ?!!U ="
)% % ' $& & 6(6& $ & ) $:)$ ) )& ) #& ?=

" 3 )& $ #( &$(* ) # 4&$ # ' # $(& %S) (') 3 $& & ( :%($&
#& ) %( #(# $(&+ $ #( & )& 6( & (&4 & %& %&
& )& $& & 6(6& % # '& & )& $& & $.& )& 6( &
=!! + = = −- /9 − % , - , 77 = −7 -2 − %
%8( &$(* $ ($&
&& ) #& ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F + $& & $.& )& 6( &
= F ^ -0 = U ;0 =?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0? / /2" U ;0? 7 -2/" F 0 A9 %
:)$ ) ) &$ & (6
()( & &$ ' ( $('&) -∅0YA[ ? #F9 /$%-" $ ) $& 8&1 ) &$ )&
) #& ?J Y-["+ # (8 # ∅ 7YA[ 3 $ 8 (%( F 0 / $% ? &8)& 0 - 7 "
/A
φ 0A;
= $ 8+φ #+) #& +φ # + = 0$% + -;/$% + / B07$% + $% = A /- $%
- -
F ;/$% D A /-$% F 2-$%
# 43 9 //,9-//
&= = = - A- $%
/ A04$L 8 / A0,-A/,-0
& - A-
= = / B43 ? − " # = / B,9-//?2- − ",9 // = B 2 − % b0 A9 % Xl
- -
# %:,(% ? 0;77 "
& # $$(* # 8 4 & & $ %') $ $Y j / 9-
%
$ F & Y β F - A- Y / A0 F 7 7- $%
F 27 $%
$ Y F / /0 j / 9- Xl
# % (% ? 0 ; 7 7 -"
!& $& ( & &$ ' ' $( & 8 # $&'& #(# ( ) % 6&)
-=$ 3 77=
&" -=$ F -4 F -?77 27 M Y$%-"?-/9 ; $%7" F A -9 %
(
4 = / 27 4$L = & = - / 4$L M Y $%- = - / -A/ M Y $%- = 77 27 M Y $%-
F 8.-Y2 F -0?;/"-Y2 F -/+9 ; $%7
8" 77 = F 77?0 A9 %" F ; ;; %
)% 6&) # ; ;A % 3 )& $& ( & &$ $&)$ )& & ?9 /$%-" #(#
= FB 2 % b ; ;A % Xl
- 0YA[
"= % # 4) ,(* ' #( (6 ' $& &#
.& : # 8 )& 8&# ) %:,(% % % ' #( (6 $ ) # &% # *

+ & / 9! &' 3 , ( ?! # )& ) ( &% #"+ & # $$(* &)
$ % G
& &% &? "
) (& &%& % % # (&4 & %& ' ' # ' '( + G
= F A7 /A M % F / /A7 %
/B
& &' # ' 4($( & & ? T"
#' $(& : ' # % 3' <&
& & 6(6& 3 4 $ $& & ( :%($& ?!!U ="
)% % ' $& & 6(6& $ & ) $:)$ ) )& ) #& ?= " 3 )&
$ #( &$(* ) # 4&$ # ' # $(& %S) (') 3 $& & ( :%($& #&
) %( #(# $(&+ $ #( & )& 6( & (&4 & %& %& & )& $& & 6(6&
% # G
=!! + = = - ;-7 − % , - , 77 = 9 70 − %
%8( &$(* $ ($&
&& ) #& ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F
= F ^ -0 = U ;0 =?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
F -0?/ /A7" U ;0?9 70/" F ; ;- %
:)$ ) ) &$ ' #( (6
C&8( ()( & '& & ) &$ & (6 -J0YA[ $ $&'&$( & = FB 2 %+
()( & % # )& %(#%& $& ( & &$ ' ( $('&) '& & ) &$ ' #( (6 )
% % &$ & = F; ;- % #%
- 0YA[
" %& & $ &$$(* 3 %' & & $& &# )& &) # ? 0 / A"
) &)%& )& 6( & (&4 & %&

#F-J0YAh
= / ;02 ^ _ ?0 / A - " -/
#%
G3
#% = / // A ^=X + $ 43 = 9-// M Y $%- _ ;/ -J Y-h
#% = / // A,^-0?;/ − -/"_ = - -0$%- #F-J0YAh

-0
#% = 7 $%- Y $& &
#& % # ' $& & J Y-[ ? -B $%-" + $ )& $ #( &$(*
# %:, = 7 = 7 ?-0" = ;0 $% 3 # %:, = 90 $% Xl

/
" (# < '
$$(* $ ($& ' $ $ $& &) &' 3 , %
&$ &) 0 A 7 -+ )& # $$(* $ ($& ' $ & # 8($& $ ) %&3

6&) / 0 6$ 6+ # )& $& & ( & ) &' 3 + 6 # ) ' &)
4 $ (6 ' $ ) ) % ) %&3 $ & $ ) &% , ( +
$ $& &) &' 3 ( ( +' ) ()( & % # &) ) & ( 4) $(&
$$( ´ $ ´( ($&
' $
;/
7/ 0 0 @( & (&4 & %& 8F -0

) %&3 6
- / / 0 6$ - / - /
79 / ;2
%( &$(* ) ' &) 4 $ (6 ' $ ? 0 A - B"
F 90] ?' $ (%( #(%')(4($& + 0 A 7 9"

& - A-
6 = ' &) $ 4 $ (6 = − = 2- − = 2/ 0B $%
- -
% ) / B/ F / B/?2- $%" F 00 A $% Xl
%&3 6&) / ;-. F / ;-?;/ $%" F 0/ 9 $%
!& # $$(* $ ($& ' $ # 8($& # ) 1 ) &' 3
/ 0%U/ 2/0B% F / ;2 %
)& (# & $(& / ;2% ) 1 ) &' 3 ?# $$(* C"
& &% &? "
@ = + 7A M
' 4($( & & ? T"
#' $(& : ' # % 3' <&
& & 6(6& 3 4 $ $& & ( :%($& ?!!U ="

-
)& ' #($(* ) $&%(* (# < % # & &
@!!F; 9 ? / ;7B"U; 9 ? / /;0" F 2 /-
) 4&$ $& & ( :%($& =F/ 77 3 ) 4&$ ' # $(& %S) (')
%F -+ $ #( & )& 6( & (&4 & %& %& & )& $& & 6(6&
@!!U =F 2 /- ? 77"? -" F B 2
%8( &$(* $ ($&+ # & ! %( #(# $(& + $ F F
@ F ^? -0 * / B"@ U ;0 @?!!U ="_ ? &8)& 7 9 "
@ F / B?U 7AM "U ;0? B+2 /M " F 2+2B7 M
(# < # (8 #
& &$ & @ F 2+2B7 M
& #(# @ FJ@ ?0 A - -"

JF/B ?0 0 9 -"
@ F @$U@#U @' ?0 A 7 7 "

#( @ )%
@ F / -04N$86 6 U @' ?0 A 7 7 -"
& #(# $ $ @$ = / /A7β 4$L 8 6 6 ^ _ ?0 A 7 7 7"

'& & F- ? 0 A 7 9" @$ = / 07 4$L 8 6 6 ^M _
4
6 3 6 ?$ +$ "#
& #(# &$ @# = ?0 A 7 7 9"
#
$ F 90] ? 0 A 7 9" 6 43 6
F B/] ?: ) ( $)( &$(* ) # (8 " @# =
#
& #(# $ $ ?@$"
@$ = / /A7β 4$L 8 6 6 ^ _ = / 07 4$L 8 6 6 ^M _ = / 07 -A/ ?-0 ,2/ 0B"

@$ F 7+979 M
#( 86 F & $. ) &)%&F -0 $%
7
& #(# ) &$ ?@#"
' ' # (8 # J7YA[ #'&$(& # $& & 90 $% !
6 43 6 ?$ +$ "# 6 43 6 9-? 9-//"?2/ 0B"

@# = = = = A+ /7/ M
# # 90
# F 90 $% ? #'&$(&%( &# %( # (8 #"

6 F - , / ; $%d F 9- $%d ?&# %( - &%&# J 7YA["
%' 4 &' #& @'F/
& %( &) #(#
)% 6&) @ F 7+979 M U A+/7/ M U / F - +929 M

@ F / -0 , -A/ , -0 , 2/ 0B U / F /2+/77 M
! @ F - +929 M
& #(# &)
@ F J@ F / B?- +929 M " F B+7 A M b 2+2B7 X Xl
4 & #6 #&) % (%
86 #
6 ≥ / /A7 4$L ^%%- _ ?0 A - 0 "
43
86 #
6 ≥ / -; 4$L ^$%- _
43
-0?90"
6 ≥ / -; -A/ $%-
9-//
6% = - $%d < 9- $%d Xl
#'&$(&%( %:,(% ) 4 & #6 #&) ? 0 A - ;"
@ − φ@'
6 = ?0 A - B "
φ8 6 6
@ 2+ 2B7
6 = = = - -9 M Y $%d
φ8 6 6 / B?-0"?2/ 0B"
&%8(
#( 6 c / -04N$ #%:,F / A 6 2/ $% ?0 A - ; "
#( 6 / -04N$ #%:,F / 9 6 7/ $% ?0 A - ; -"
9
% 6 F - -9 M Y$%d c / -0?-A/ M Y$%d" F 70 M Y$%d
#%:,F / A 6 F / A?2/ 0B $%"F 9A 9; $%

#%:,F 2/ $%
! # F 90 / $% c #%:,F 9A 9; $% Xl
! + & & (# & $(& / ;2 ) 1 ) &' 3 ?# $$(* $ ($& ' $ & " #&
# (8 # 7YA[k / 90
#F-J0YAh
-/
;/ -J Y-h
#F-J0YAh
-0 # (8 # J7 Ahk/ 90
?& & (# & $(& / ;2% )
1 ) &' 3 "
0
B @ G >
1 $&8) #
) ' #4 & # & $ ($& ' $& & ) $ $ 4 %& &) #

)(%( $& ) # #4 # #(* # ( $( # ' )&# $& &#
&6 &
) & $)&1 ) , % # #& # ))&%& & $)&1 6(6 #& 5 )
, % # #& # ))&%& & $)&1 % 4(1
!& 4 & ' #4 & , & # &)% &')($& & ' ) &)& &%(
# $&8) # ?# & #"+ &)&%8 # 6& ())&# &$ + $ & )& # $$(*
$ $ + )& $ &) # $ %' (%
! # # ' # & #4 & # ' (% + & # ) 4& & ) $ $
?' #& "+ #' # )$ $ .& 4 & & ?' # #& "
)' #& ) # $&8) # # : #4 & # $ & & $)&1 # , # ?8& $ #
#& " 3 ) $ $ # 4& & $ &$ ( $ $ ) # #+
' %( ( &# #& ))& ) &4(& &%(
) ' # #& $ & ) $ $ .& & & # 4($( #(# $(&+ ) #
# # #4 & # ( $ &% $ & ) $ $ 3 # % $: ($&%
&# & # & $)&1 # %' & # )& 4 & & $& & , %
! # ' # 6( &# ' #& &# ' # #& &# ( ' &) # % #+
#( $ # % # ' #& #+ ) & %&3 # ) $ # ()( & &$ 3 $ $
&) & #(# $(&+ 3 ( (' 3 %& 8 & #' $(&)( & # #
(%' & # &# # $ &# $ )& & ( &%( # 3 4) ,( #
B " = = @
$ # '& & $&8) #

8
I @ !
P .& # P .& # ? (# < 3 :)$ ) # $ &# #& &#"+ ' '

'& & )&# $ # $$( # ' #4 & &#
! !
@( &# #(%') % &' 3& &# .= &
0 -/
! !
@( &# $ ( &#+ #( $& )&# .= &
-/ -0
2
!
@( &# &$& )& &#+ &) & )$ ) &% .=
0/
3 # ( 6( &# ' # #(%') % &' 3& #+ A % ≤ ! ≤ 72 %

! .
.≥ + / $% + 8 ≥ + / $%
-0 -0
&&) $ # ,$ & ) # 90 %+ ) # $)& # $ ( # # ' 4 (8) # & $)& #

#(%') #+ & ) ) %( $)& $ *%($ ) # (' # #(%') 3 $ ( +
6& & $ )&# $ ($( # ) $&) #
=* ) # $$(* % (% # ( #
=? + " + ? − "=
%t =
− 4$# + 4 (
=? + " + ? − "=
- %t =
− 4$( + 4 #
F %* ) # $$(* 4 ( & )& 4(8 & # ' (

-F %* ) # $$(* 4 ( & )& 4(8 & ( 4 (
=F% % 4) $ & )& & #4 $(&
= F% % 4) $ $ ($( # 4( &) #
4$( F #4 ' %(#(8) $ %' #(* )& 4(8 & ( 4 ( ( % (& &% #' #
)& & #4 $(&
4 ( F #4 ' %(#(8) &$$(* )& 4(8 & # ' ( ( % (& &% #' # )&
& #4 $(&
4 # F #4 ' %(#(8) &$$(* )& 4(8 & ( 4 ( 8&1 $& &# # 6($( +
#' # )&# ' ( &#
4$# F #4 ' %(#(8) $ %' #(* )& 4(8 & # ' ( 8&1 $& &# # 6($( +
#' # )&# ' ( &#
F\ 4 & ( ($(&) #' # )&# ' ( &#
B -" G > = ! u C ! G
! %( # '& & )& #(* ) # # #&
!& #(* ) # # 8( & &) ' #& ) #& ) %( # 6($(

8 : # %&3 ) # 6&) # $ % & #' ) 4&8 ($& ) # #
& $)&1 #+ 3 ) # 6&) # #' $(4($& # )& &8)& 0 B 7
) # # & # ) %( # #(# $(& 3 6 , % + 8 : # %&3 )
) %( #(# $(& & )& &$$(* #' $(4($& )& &8)& 0 B 7
;
! %( # '& & )& #(* ) C %( *

# )&# ' ( &#
%' #(* ' #' #& # ' # #& # / 2/4$(L
&$$(* ')($& ) # ) %( # ( ($& # )& &8)& 0 B 9 -
A
#& ) %( # 6($( + #' # )&# ' ( &#

%' #(* && ) #& ) %( 6($( + # S )& &8)& 0 B 9 - )
4&$ $$(* φ K # 8 : %& ( &) & / #( )&# )&$( # #8 )
)&# &)%&# 3 &)&#+ $&)$ )& &# &$ $ ) 0;9; +# % #
( &) # 0 ( # %&3 # 0+ 8 : $&)$ )& # &$ &)
0;9;-
&$$(* S ) # ) %( # ( ($& # )& &8)& 0 B 9 - -

B
B 7" ! = ! G! H I ? 0 ; 7"
) % #$ #& . #
& & # $$( # $& )& # $ &)&# '& & )&# $ &) # 4' ≥ / 04' + )& #(* % (&
) &$ ' #& 4'# # ' %& $ %
$
4'# = 4' −M ?0 ; 7 "
'
#(
4'3
M = - /9 − ?0 ; 7 -"
4'
&8)& 0 ; 7 @&) # M
(' * 4'3 Y 4' @&) M
&8) # 8&1& )&1&$(* / B/ / -A
&8) # &)(6(& # #( #3 / A0 / 7A
8& &# &) & #(# $(& ('
& &# &) & #(# $(& (' - / A/ / 9A
& & $ %' &%( # $$(*
L L
'# 4' + # 43 − − / A0β 4$L ?8 − 8 K ". 4
# 43
$= ?0 ; 7 7"
4'
/ A04$L β 8 K + M '#
'
& & $ %' &%( # $$(* $ & )&
L L
'# 4' + # 43 − # 43
$= ?0 ; 7 9"
4'
/ A04$L β 8+M '#
'
'# F : & ) &$ ' #&

4' F #(# $(& & )& &$$(* #' $(4($& & ) &$ ' #&
4'3 F #(* 4) $(& ) &$ ' #&
# F : & )& & %& & &$$(* &$ ' #&
N# F : & )& & %& & $ %' #(*
43 F #(* 4) $(& )& & %& & &$$(*
4N3 F #(* 4) $(& )& & %& & $ %' #(*
8 F & $. ) &)& $ %' (%( &
8K F & $. ) &)%&
.4 F &) & ) &)& $ %' (%( &
' F (# & $(& )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' (%( & 3 ) 8& ($ ) # #
' #&
-/
$ F (# & $(& ) 1 3 )& $& & $ %' (%( &

F 4&$ '& & ) (& &%& #( #+ 6 0;--
8 : ( 6 # ( & ) (6 ) #(* )& & %& & $ %' #(* 3+ #( )& & %& &
$ %' #(* .& & 4) $(&+ )& $ &$(* 7 ) & 4N3 # 8 :
()( & )& #(* &)
%' #$ #
& . ( #
& & )&# # $$( # $& )& # $ &)&#+ )& #(* % (& ) &$
' #& & . ( # ' %& $ %
' −$
4'# = 4' + 27// ≤ 4'3 ?0 ; 7 - "
- (
= ?0 ; 7 - -"
-+ #
& & $ %' &%( # $$(*
L L
'# 4'# + # 43 − # 43 − / A0β 4$L ?8 − 8 K ".4
$= ?0 ; 7 - 7"
/ A04$L β 8 K
& & $ %' &%( # $$(* $& )&
L L
'# 4'# + # 43 − # 43
$= ?0 ; 7 - 9"
/ A04$L β 8
$ F (# & $(& )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' (%( & 3 ) 1 &# %( )
* ' #& .& & 4) $(&
F) ( * 4 $ (6&
( F) ( * & $)&1 #
# F S% & ($ )&$( # &' 3 $ & &# ' ) * & $)&1 #
' # & . $(& (#$ #
4'3 F #(* 4) $(& ) &$ ' #&
4' F #(* 4 $ (6& ) &$ ' #& )& # $$(* $ #( & &)
&# )&# ' ( &#
8 : ( 6 # ( & ) (6 ) #(* )& & %& & $ %' #(* 3+ #( )& & %& &
$ %' #(* .& & 4) $(&+ )& $ &$(* 7 ) & 4N3 # 8 :
()( & )& #(* &)
-
#(# $(& & )& 4) ,(*
8 : %& $ %
= F J= ?0 ; 7 - "
= F #(# $(& %( &)

J F 4&$ #(# $(& #' $(4($& ) 009-
& & # $$( # $ &)&# $ & ) # # # & . ( #+ #( )& &) & ) &)&
$ %' (%( & # % $
& & L L L & & .4

= = '# 4'# ' − + # 43 # − − # 43 # − + / A04$L ?8 − 8 K "β . 4 −
- - - - -
?0 ; 7 - - "
B 9" W ! G > G >
!& %& ( )& 4 & ' #4 & %( %8 $ $ #

$ #& #( %& (4 # 6&) # & )& 6( & ) %( %8 ) #
) # $&%8( # # ( # & : # $&#( ( # & : #+ # ' ) ( %' + 3 #
%&# # $ 4 $(* )& $& & # ' ' # & 8 $ #( & # # # #
$&%8( # ) (# <
!&# ' ( &# )& 4 & ' #4 & # ' & '& # $& &#
& ))&# $ ( % (& &% & )& $ # $$(* ) %( %8 + 3 & ))&#
$ & &6 # , # ' ( ( %' !& 4 & ' #4 )
& ? 1 " ' $( # ( % (& &% 8( & )&# ' ( &# ' 4 ($$(* +
#)( &%( ) & $)&1 + 3 ) &$ &%( ):# ($ )$ $ $ %' (%(
!& 4 & ' #4 #' # $ ( &# # &# ' ( &# # %( & 4 &
' #4 ( ($(&) (
% ( & & #$ ) ( %' + )& 4 &# $ %:#+ & &)% + ' (%
:'( &% 3 ) %:# ) &% + 8( & ) # $&%8( # ) ( ' 6 ( #
)& $ &$$(* 3 ) 4) 1 '):# ($ ) $ $ 3 8( &) )&1&%( ) &$
&) &% #4 &
#' # ' ( % $. # % # #+ &S &< #+ ) # $&%8( # ' # ( #
) # #4 # )) & & # ( #( (4($& #+ 3 # &)$& & & 4 & ' #4 $&#(
$ #& # # 4( $ % )& 4 & ' #4 4 $ (6& C&8( $ (
)&# ' ( &#+ F ( + #( F ?\ ' ( &#"+ )& 4($( $(& )& 4 &
' #4 &
7 0" R
$ ($( # ( ($(&) #
( ( =
− + − ≤ 4( ? " 4(8 & # ' (
--
( ( =
− − + ≥ 4$( ?-" 4(8 & ( 4 (
- -
$ ($( # 4( &) #
( ( =
− − + ≤ 4 # ?7" 4(8 & ( 4 (
- -
( ( =
− + − ≥ 4$# ?9" 4(8 & # ' (
(F4 &' # & ( ($(&)

F4 &' # & 4( &) ? F ("
F: & )& 6( &
F ,$ ($( & ) $&8) # )&
F %* ) # $$(* 4 ( & )& 4(8 & # ' (
- F %* ) # $$(* 4 ( & )& 4(8 & ( 4 (
(& &%&# =& )
!&# ( $ &$( #& ( # &%8( ' ,' #& # $ %
− M-
≥ ? " Y
( = +4(
? "
+M
≥ ?-" ?7"
= − 4$( ?9"
( -
> & $ %8( &$( #
&$ ' &8) # 3
? +M " ?-"
≤ ?7"
( = −4# -
? − M- " %:, * ($
≤ ?9"
( = + 4$# %:, &)
M F dY$ F Y M F dY$ F Y
- - -
-
-
M F (# & $(& S$) F− =−
$-
-
M-F (# & $(& S$) F− =−
$
-7
! = 7 (# <& )& 6( & ( ( ' 6( &# ' #4 & &#

#(%') % &' 3& 7/ // % ) ( + # 6 &#+ # S ) % # & ()( &
$ $ 4N$F 70/ M Y$%- + 4N$(F -A/ M Y$%- + # & # ∅ o[ ?/ BA; $%-" + 4' F
A+BA9 M Y$%- ?-;/ M#("+ 3 ' ( &# 0\ ? F A0\" ) 6 . $ ) # & ( # C! B7
! F 7/ // %
7 2/ 7 2/
#4&) -h
-\ -\
& )&#
Bh,2h ;/ 7/ .
@( & (&4 & %& 0
8F/ -0
- // - // - //
8
I @ !
) $(*
" = =
! !
.≈ & ?P .& # P .& # + (# < 3 :)$ ) # $ &# #& &#"
0 -/
. ≈ - /% & 0%
' &% # . F ;/ %+ 8 F / 7/ %
" ! I
-// $%
1
A $%
0 3 F 00 9
.F ;/ $%
-7
3F 9 A2
-
F-0 $% 0
7/ $%
%& $ % 4 $(& '& & ) $:)$ ) 3 )8 # ' ( ) '& ? 1 "

- 9
I ?$% " 3 ?$%" 3 ?$% "7
3 -
?$%9" ?$% "
AH-//F72// B 7-+9// -B +2// B;+-//
0-H7/ F902/ B9 9-A+29/ 9/N-B-+ 2/ AN;;B+0-/
-?/ 0, 0,-7"F790 -7 ;+B70 A-+0/0 -?-7, 07Y72"F97 7
A0/0 92A+B;0 9/N;22+-20 ANAA +/77
-9
&6 &
3 92A+B;0
3= = = 00 9 $%
A+0/0
! 3 F 00 9 $%+ 3- F ;/ 00 9F 9 A2 $%
$(&
-
= + 3 = AL AA + /77 + 9/L ;22+ -20 = 9BL 29;+ -BA $% 9
-
= −3 = 9BL 29;+ -BA − ?00 9"- ?A0/0" = -7L ;AA+ 0-B $% 9
=* ) # $$(*
-7L ;AA+ 0-B

= = = 97 + 9- $% 7
3 00 9
-7L ;AA+ 0-B

- = = = -/;+ /B$% 7
3- 9 A2
(# & $(&# S$)
- -/;+ /B
M = = = -9 70 $%
A+ 0/0
97 + 9-
M- = = = 0/ ;7 $%
A+ 0/0
" =I ! I =E =
=? + " + ? − "=
%t =
− 4$# + 4 (
=? + " + ? − "=
- %t =
− 4$( + 4 #
& &# ( ($(&) #
# ' '(
K'' F / A0/0%- , - 9 Y%7 F - /9 Y%
- /9?7/"-
=%:, = = --B 29 −%
A
-0
(&4 & %&#+ 8($: ) #& /%
7B; 7B; 7B; 7B;
/ / /
! F 7/ // %
- ;B9 - ;B9
(&4 F ;/% , 7;% , / -0% , - 9 Y%7 F 7B;
=%:, F ?- ;B9 7B;"? 0" D 7B;?0" F 7 B; %
= F --B 29 % U 7 B; % F -97 2 %
& &# &')($& &#
#4&)
T&#4 -[ F / /0% , - //% , - -0 Y%7 F / --0 Y%
/ --0?7/"-
=%:, = = -0 7 −%
A
& & 6(6& C! B7
=!!U = F 7A; /B % ?@ &8)& W "
(# (8 $(* 6( & ( (
# $& () # $& & #
M
= / /;0 + ? " / 2 ? "/ - ? 7 "/ ? &8)& 9 2 - -8 "
-B// ! ! #
6( & - // %
= =
&8) A
F 7/ , 0- F 902/ $%- F/ A0
0- ;/
7
7/? 0-"
= = AL ;;B+ 0-/ $% 9
- / 7/
F A0 $%
-2
M = [+ -
] = [AL ;;B+ 0-/ + 902/?A0" ] = 9 L ;-0+ 0-/ $%
- 9
/ /
M 9 L ;-0+ 0-/
7
= = /B
! # 7///? A" 7
-/// / 2 -/// / -
= / /;0 + ? " ? " ? /B" = / 0A
-B// 7////
$& () $& &
M
= / /2 + ? "/ 9 ? "/ 7 ? 7 "/ ? &8)& 9 2 - - -8 "
97// ! ! #
-/// / 9 -/// / 7
= / /2 + ? " ? " ? /B" = / 9-
97// 7////
! =!!U = F / 0A ?7A; /B %"F --9 0 %
$ # = + = -0 7 + --9 0 = -9B A- −%
# %
& &# ( ($(&) # = F -97 2 %

& &# # 6($( = + = -9B A- −%
= F 9B7 97 %
#4 # %(#(8) #
($(&) # ? & #4 $(&"
G(8 & # ' (
4 ( = / -0 4$(L ≤ 7A = & [ ] ? &8)& 0 B 9 - "

= / A/ 4$(L ≤ 9 M Y $%- [=X ]
= / A/ -A/ = 7 7B M Y $%- ≤ 9 M Y $%-
G(8 & ( 4 (
4$( = −/ 2/ 4$(L ? 0B9 "

-
= −/ 2/ ?-A/" = − 2A M Y $%
-;
')($& #? # 6($( "
G(8 & # ' (
$& & &)
4$# = −/ 2/φ K 4$L = −/ 2/4$L ? &8)& 0 B 9 - "

-
= −/ 2/? "?70/" = −- / M Y $%
# 8 $& & 3 # %(# %& ' #4 & U$& &# ' %& #
4$# = −/ 9/4$L ? &8)& 0 B 9 - "

-
4$# = −/ 9/?70/" = − 9/ M Y $%
G(8 & ( 4 (
4# = / ? &8)& 0 B 9 - - "
=* ) # $$(* ( #
=? + " + ? − "= -9B A-, / 0 + ?/ 0"?-97 2 , /0 "

%t = = = -B+700 $% 7
− 4$# + 4 ( − ? −- /" + / A0? 7 7B"
=? + " + ? − "= -9B A-, /0 + ?/ 0"?-97 2 , /0 "

- %t = = = -//+ 070$% 7
− 4$( + 4 # − / A0? − 2A" + /
% F 97 +9- $%7 b % F -B+700$%7 3

7 7
- F -/;+ /B $% b - % F -//+070 $% + )& # $$(* #& $ & &
" R! ! ! H ! ! G > ! !
! >
($(&)%
− M-
≥ ? "
( = +4(
− 0/ ;7 − 0/ ;7
≥ =
( -97 2 , / 0 + 7 7B?97 + 9- " 7/L 72+ -97
+M
≥ ?-"
( = − 4$( -
-A
+ -9 70 + -9 70
≥ 0
=
( -97 2 , / − ? − 2A"?-/;+ /B" 0BL 00+ 7 -
G( &)%
? +M "
≤ ?7"
( = −4# -
/ A0? + -9 70" + -9 70
≤ 0
=
( 9B7 97, / − / 0AL /0/+ A9;
? − M- "
≤ ?9"
( = + 4$#
/ A0? − 0/ ;7" − 0/ ;7
≤ 0
=
( 9B7 97, / + ? −- /"?97 + 9- " − 9AL 070+0 A
:4($& )&# ( $ &$( # =& )
? "
?9" ?7"
> & $ %8( &$( #
&$ ' &8) # 3
?-"
F 7 ;A $%
%:, * ($
%F FBB A2 $%
2 09 $% %:, &)
M F -9 70 $% M F 0/ ;7 $%
-
)& :4($& %:, F 7 ;A $% 3 % F 2 09$%
!& (# & $(& ) 1 $&8) # 3

)& 4(8 & , %& )& &' ,(%& % # & 00 9 $%
6&) ) 0\. : 0\.
;/ $%
! n /\? ;/$%"
%:, &) 9 A2 $%
n 0$% 0 $%
$ '& & $&8) #
-B
%& : %:, &) F 9 A2$% 0$% F BB A2$%
)& ( $ &$(* ?7"+ )$ )
F BB A2 $%+ = - 7B, / −2 M −
+
(
( F 92; 72
" !E= ! ! ? &8)& 7 9 "
6($( F ^ //? U T" U //?!!U ="_

6($( F ^ //? U T" U / A/?!!U ="_
#(# $(& F ^ -0? " U 0/? T" U ;0?!!U ="_
.& : # F F
G" = I G > ! >
G " @
$ ($( # ( ($(&) #
G(8 & # ' ( ? $ &$(* "
( ( = 92;+72/ 92;+72/?BB A2" -97 2 , /0

4( = − + − =− + −
A0/0 97 + 9- 97 + 9-
4 ( F 7 -9 M Y$%- ?$ %'" c & %( ( 4 ( F U 7 7B M Y$%- ? &$$(* " Xl
G(8 & ( 4 ( ? $ &$(* -"
( ( = 92;+72/ 92;+72/?BB A2" -97 2 , /0

4$( = − − + =− − +
- - A0/0 -/;+ /B -/;+ /B
4$( F 2- 2; M Y$%- ?$ %'" c & %( ( 4$( F 2A M Y$%- ?$ %'" Xl
$ ($( # 4( &) #
F ( F / A0?92; 72/ " F 7B; -02
G(8 & # ' ( ? $ &$(* 9"
?$& & &)"
( ( =
4$# = − + −
7/
7B;+ -02 7B;+ -02?BB A2" -97 2 , /0 -0 7 , / 0 --9 0 , / 0

4$# = − + − + +
A0/0 97 + 9- 97 + 9- 97 + 9- 97 + 9-
4$# = −92 ; + B B0 − 02 9; − 0 A; − 0- /9
4$# F 2B 7 M Y$%- ?$ %'" c & %( ( 4$# F - / M Y$%- ?$ %'" Xl
?# 8 $& & 3 # %(# %& ' #4 & U$& &# ' %& #"
= ( (
='' + &#4
4$# = − + − + −
-
--9 0 , / 0 7B;+ -02 7B;+ -02?BB A2" -97 2 , / 0 -0 7 , /0

4$# = − + − + − −
97 + 9- - A0/0 97 + 9- 97 + 9- 97 + 9-
4$# = −0- /9 + [− 92 ; + B B0 − 02 9; − 0 A;]

-
4$# F 2/ 0B M Y$%- ?$ %'" c & %( ( 4$# F 9/ M Y$%- ?$ %'" Xl
G(8 & ( 4 ( ? $ &$(* 7"
( ( = 7B;+ -02 7B;+ -02?BB A2" 9B7 97, / 0

4# = − − + =− − +
- - A0/0 -/;+ /B -/;+ /B
4 # F/ M Y$%- & %( ( 4 # F / M Y$%- ? &$$( #" Xl
G -" @
$ ($( # ( ($(&) #
G(8 & # ' ( ? $ &$(* "
( ( = 92;+72/ 92;+72/?BB A2" -97 2 , /0

4( = − + − =− + −
A0/0 97 + 9- 97 + 9-
4 ( F 7 -9 M Y$%- ?$ %'" c & %( ( 4 ( F U 7 7B M Y$%- ? &$$(* " Xl
G(8 & ( 4 ( ? $ &$(* -"
( ( = 92;+72/ 92;+72/?BB A2" -97 2 , /0

4$( = − − + =− − +
- - A0/0 -/;+ /B -/;+ /B
4$( F 2- 2; M Y$%- ?$ %'" c & %( ( 4$( F 2A M Y$%- ?$ %'" Xl

7
$ ($( # 4( &) #
G(8 & # ' ( ? $ &$(* 9"
?$& & &)"
( ( ?= + = " + / A/=
4$# = − + −
7B;+ -02 7B;+ -02?BB A2" -97 2 , /0 -0 7 , / 0

4$# = − + − +
A0/0 97 + 9- 97 + 9- 97 + 9-
/ A/,--9 0 , / 0
−
97 + 9-
4$# = −92 ; + B B0 − 02 9; − 0 A; − 9 27
4$# F 0A ;- M Y$%- ?$ %'" c & %( ( 4$( F - / M Y$%- ?$ %'" Xl
?# 8 $& & 3 # %(# %& ' #4 & U$& &# ' %& #"
= ( (
='' + &#4
4$# = − + − + −
-
/ A/,--9 0 , /0 7B;+ -02 7B;+ -02?BB A2" -97 2 , /0

4$# = − + ?− + −
97 + 9- - A0/0 97 + 9- 97 + 9-
-0 7 , / 0
− "
97 + 9-
4$# = −9 27 + (− 92 ; + B B0 − 02 9; − 0 A;)
-
4$# F 0/ A M Y$%- ?$ %'" c & %( ( 4$( F 9/ M Y$%- ?$ %'" Xl
G(8 & ( 4 ( ? $ &$(* 7"
( ( ?= + = " + / A/=
4# = − − +
- -
7B;+ 7A/ 7B;+ 7A/?BB A2" ?-97 2 + -0 7 ", /0

4# = − − +
A0/0 -/;+ /B -/;+ /B
/ A/?--9 22, / 0 "
+
-/;+ /B
4# F - 2A M Y$%- ?$ %'"+ & %( ( 4 # F / M Y$%- ? &$$(* " Xl

7-
" u= Q @
-
# & # J Y-[ ? F / 07 ( F / BA; $%- "
4' F -;/ M#( F A+BA9 M Y$%-
! 4'( F / ;/ 4' F 7+-AB M Y$%- ? &8)& 0 B 7 "
&'&$( & # & J Y-[ / BA; $%- ? 7+-AB M Y$%-" F 7+ 2M
( F 92; 72 ?$ ) "+ #' # )&# ' ( &# F (
F / A0?92; 72 " F 7B; -02
7B;+ -02
v # & #= =7 # & # φ Y -h
7+ 2
C" @ G I !E=
= % &')($&
= F -0= U 0/= T U ;0=!!U =
= F -0?-97 2 " U 0?-0 7 " U ;0?--9 0 " F ;70 7; %
= % #(# )& 6( &
#4 ' % ( ) &$ ' #4 $ & 4' w / 04'
$
4'# = 4' −M ?0 ; 7 "
'
4' F #(* ) &$ ' #4 & 8( &) ' #4 & + ) )&#

' ( &#
F Y F 7B;+-02M Y ?7 ,/ BA;$%d"
F -+BA7 M Y$%d w / 0? A+BA9 M Y$%d"
4' F #(# $(& & )& #(* #' $(4($& & ) &$ ' #4
F A+BA9 M Y$%- ?-;/ M#("
4'# F #4 ' % ( ) &$ ' #4
4'3
M =- /9 − ?0 ; 7 -"
4'
F / -A '& & $&8) # 8&1& )&1&$(* ? &8)& 0;7 "
' F (# & $(& # )& 4(8 & , %& $ %' #(* &) $ ( ) *
' #4
77
F ;/$% D 0$% F 00$%

$ F (# & $(& # ) 1 & )& $& & $ %' #(*
& & $&)$ )& $ ? 0 ; 7 - -" &# %(% # $ %' &%( $& )& )& # $$(* 3
) $ %' 8&% # #( )& ' 4 ( & ) 8) #4 # $ %' #(*
(6&) + $+ # % ( &) ) #' # )& ) #& .4 F A $%
&F $
L L
'# 4' + # 43 − # 43
$=
4'
/ A04$L β 8 + M '#
'
F: &
'# ) &$ ' #4 F 7 ?/ BA;$%d"F7/ 2/$%d
F: &
# ) 4 #(* ) &$ ' #4 & F/
N# F : & ) 4 $ %' #(* F /
4N$ F #(# $(& $() ($& ) $ $ F 70/ M Y$%d
43 F #(# $(& 4) $(& ) 4 ' #4 & #(*
4N3 F #(# $(& 4) $(& ) 4 ' #4 & $ %' #(*
F / A0 '& & 4N$ j -A/ M Y$%d

/ /0?4$L − -A/"
= / A0 − ≥ / 20 '& & 4$L > -A/ M Y $%-
;/
/ /0?70/ − -A/"
= / A0 − = / A/
;/
8 F & $. 4 $ (6 ) '& $ %' #(* F -//$%
7/ 2/? A+BA9"
$= = B9$% < . 4 = A$% Xl
/ A0?70/"?/ A/"?-//" + / -A?7/ 2/"? A+BA9 Y 00"
) & + ) $ %' &%( # $$(* $& )& &# %( # 6:)(
) #4 ' % ( ) &$ ' #4 #
$ B9
4'# = 4' −M = A+ BA9 − / -A = A+ 0;0 M Y $%-
' 00
#(# $(& %( &) & )& 4) ,(*
&
= = '# 4'# ? ' − " ?0 ; 7 - - "
-
?!& $ &$(* & ( # & #(%')(4($&$(* )& $ &$(* 0;7-- + $ &

,(# &$ ' #4 & "
&F $ F / A/? B9$%" F B 00$%

79
B 00
= = 7/ 2/? A+0;0"? 00 − " = A07 A; −%
-
= % #(# )& 6( &
= F J= ?0 ; 7 - "
JF // '& & 4) ,(* 3 #(* $ $ ' #4 & ? 009- "
= F A07 A; % b ;70 7; % Xl
70
W
=W = = !
H = = @
= % #( (6 ? $$(* ' $& & & , ( &"
) % % 4) ,(* %:,(% ' # %&3 8( & & $& &

$ $ & & & & $& & , ( & $( & (# & $(& # ' #(8) $ #
1 # & $( ) % % ' #( (6 $ #( & )& $& & &
# ,( # 8 & $. /0 % ? 72 -0 ! G " %:# ) ' &)
)& ')& &4 %& ? 92- 2! G "
& * )% % ' #( (6 )& ) & ( 4) $(&+ )'

( #+ '($ # & #3) $& :'( &% + &) #& & $& & &
, ( & # ' 8 % % # (# < #( (4($& (6&% % #
& $& & &$ $ & & &% #(%') # ' ) &
#& ))& & &' ,(%&$(* #(%')(4($& )& &')($&$(* )& $& & &
, ( & !& , #(* '& & %( %8 $ ( # : &' ,(%& & 8( &
)& ) & ( 4) $(& $ #' ( # &)% $ 6&
72
#( % # & 6( & #(%') ) ( ! # & $&)$ )& ) % %

' #( (6 %:,(% ) ' /9 ) &% 8( & )& $& & &
, ( & & $. !+ #( & 4 &$$(* )& 4( &+ % # ) $&)( &
)& $& & & , ( & % ( & $ % & 4 &$$(* H )& ) ( )&
8&# + '& & $& #& ) %:,(% % % 4) ,(* ) % % 4) ,(* )
' / 9 # : )& $& & & (4 % ' ): & )& ) & ( 4) $(&
# 8 ( & ' )& $& &+ U - & & %&,(%( & ) % % 4) ,(* + )&
4 &$$(* H 8 %&,(%( & )& # %& )&# : &# U -
!& & & F/ 2?/ 9! H !"

) : & &' ( &) = / -9 H!- − / 7 - H -!-
) %(#% % + )& & & -F/ 9!?/ 2 UH "
) : & &' ( &)
- - - -
- = / -9 ! − / -9 H! − / - ! + / 9 - H!- − / - -
H -!-
%& )&# : &# 8 % # ) #( (
+ - = / -9 !- − / - -!- + / 9 - H!- − / 0 - H -!-
(6& ) : & $ #' $ & )& 6& (&8) H ( &)& & $ '& &
$ & ) : & %:,(%& # 8 (
? + -" - - -
=/9 ! − H!- = /
H
HF/ 9
!& ' #($(* )& $& & & , ( &' $( : ) % % %:,(% )

' /9 ) % % ' #( (6 %:,(% ) ' /9 # ) ' $ )&
$& & (4 % , ( & Y !' ): & ( 4) $(& U - ) # )& #
) #( (
=%&, = ?/ -9 !- − / - - -
! +/9 -
H!- − / 0 -
H -! "
!
%')& & HF/ 9 '& & ) % % %:,(% # 8(
=%&, = ?/ -9! − / -/ ! "
) ' (% %( # )% % # )& )& $& & &$ $ & &

&')($& & ) ' ( # ?' / 9" ) # %( # &
$ $$(* # )& )& $& & , ( & & $. !
# # )& ' &)( & # 8( & )& ' ' $(* H #:

( $ &% )&$( & & $ ) ' ( # # + '& & ) ' / 0+
HF/ 0+ 3 )& $ &$(* # )&
=%&, F ?/ -0! / -0 !"
# $ $ & & $ 6 ( &' ,(%&$(* '& & ) % % %:,(% '

$& & & , ( & $ ) $& )& $& & $ $ & & )& & &
%:,(%& )& ) & ( 4) $(& 3 $ ( ( $ ) %( !YA+ !
# )& ) ( )& $& & & , ( &
7;
) # )& ) ' /9 # $ %') &% $ $ 3 ) #

( $ % & # S ) ' # &) 1 ) $ ) &% & & ' '*#(
(# < + #( %8& + &) &8&1& $ ' # $ $& # &) $ + ) #
% (%
& & &% # $ ( # ' % # ()( & # & &' ,(%&$(* $ # ( &
& &8) + #(%')(4($& ) & ' $ # # ( & $ )& ) &
( 4) $(& $ 6& $ #' (
% # #$ (8( $ #
=! = = ! − ( $ &$(* "
A
=! F % % ' #( (6 (# < &1 # & '& & $& & 6(6&

= !F % % ' #( (6 #& $& &# &$ $ & &#
F $& & &$ $ & & )' ( #
F ) ( 8&# )& $& & & , ( & ?/ 0 % %:# ) ' &)
)& $ 8( &"
- = % & (6 ? $$(* ' $ #( &$(* % % $& & 6( &"

&"
!&# ) &# ( 4) $(& '& & % % # ) # &' 3 # # $ 6&# # &6 # 3 )
# $& &# & , ( &# 6 ' &) # $&%8(&
#( (4($& (6&% ) % % (# < ( %8& ' $( # &
4* % )& '& & $( ) % % & (6 (# < ')& &4 %&# %& )
% % & (6 )& $& & )& 6( &+ ) 1 ) 92- 2 ! G
#' $(4($& )& ) $&)( &$(* )& # $$(* (# < '& & % % & (6
#
& )& $& & ) &' 3 '& & $ # $$( # % ) ($&# 3 6( &# $&1*
$ $ 5
8 $ & ) & $. ) '& # ) 1 ) &' 3 '& & 6( &# &$ 5
$ $( ) & $. ) '& + #( ,$ / 7A% # ) 1 ) &' 3
'& & 6( &# $ $ ' 4&8 ($& &# *
# % ) # % % # & (6 # # $&)$ )& ) $ ) &' 3 3

) # $ ( $ )& # $$(* (# < &) #& )& $ &$(* -+ #
$ & $ ( &$(*
6 &# %( & .(' ($& &$$(* $ $ & &+ &# %(% # )& &$$(*
# (# (8 3 (4 % % # 8 & ) ( ( &) & # 6 $ # )& (# & $(&
# ) $ ) &' 3 & )& # $$(* (# < Y- ) %(
$ $$(* # $ # ) : & ) (& &%& $ & ) $ )
&' 3 3 )& # $$(* (# < # #+ (: ) $ ) ( 8&#
Y- 3 & & ( &) &) $ & ) &' 3 ) : & ) (: ) # :
@ Y9 8( & ) $ & & 3 )& )& &$$(* #
&' ,(%& &% )& %( & )& &$$(* ) &' 3 + )& $ $$(* '& & )
% % # YA ( & (6 )% % ) &' 3 + )& 4* % )&
# ) & # #(%()& & )& $ &$(* + ,$ ' ) #( )& $ $$(* #
' #( (6 + ) $ )% % (# <
7A
# % + )% % & (6 %:,(% 3 )& #' $ (6& &$$(* )$

) &' 3 # $&)$ )& $ $& &# & $ $ & &#+ $ ( ( )
$
=! = = ! + ( $ &$(* -"
A
=! F % % & (6 (# < &1 # & '& & $& & 6(6&

= !F % % & (6 ) &' 3 #& $& &# &$ $ & &#
F &$$(* ) &' 3 8( & $& &# &$ $ & &#
F # 6 $ # )& (# & $(& # ) 1 ) &' 3 & )& # $$(* (# <
& (6&
7B
W
V @
&" 4( ( & $. 4 $ (6 8 ? 9 2 - 2"
@( &# ( #
8 4 $ (6 # ) % 6&)
! 4 $ (6&
9
84
- 4 +? K * "
-
F #'&$(&%( 6( &# ) ( ( &) #
@( &# , ( #
8 4 $ (6 F o 8 4 $ (6 & 3&$ U )% 6&)
! 4 $ (6&
A
K 84
2 4 +? * "+ ) # ) %&3
- 9
& $. ) 6 )&
8" @( & $& )& ?$ c "

8
" ' $F
) $
=
& F / A0$ + # = +
&
/ B43 ? − "
- #
ρ= # 8
8
-" &)$ )&

ρ43
$= A
/ A04$L
7" . &
($ + V = @ ! ? (# < $ 6 $( &)"
($b + V = @
9/
$" @( & ?$ b "
4$L
" &)$ )& #4 = / A0 ?8 − 8 K " 8
43
-" &)$ )& =&)%& $
=&)&# = φ 4 ? − "
#4 3
-
#( = = =&)&# + =&)%& #
8
→ =&)%& = = − =&)&#
7" &)$ )& ? # − #4 "
=&)%& ? # − "4
#4 3
? # − #4 "= + &= L
& / A04 8
φ43 ? − " $ K
-
=&)%&
! # = + #4
&
φ43 ? − "
-
9
W
=W ! @@ @
@ !
& & # $$(* & #6 #&) ' # 4 %& 3 ( & $ % & # $$(*
& #6 #&) ( &+ # # ) $&# # $$( # ) #& 3 6( &# $ $ $ 6( &#
(&4 & %&# $ 6 ( % (# (8 ( &# ( $ $ & &#+ # ' #(8) '& ( )&
$& & & #6 #&)% )&# 6( &# # ' # S )& ,' #(* 8
= ± H
Ι
# $(
H
= ±
H-
H # )& (# & $(& & 6( & &) $ ( )&# 6( &# ' ( $('&) #+ H - # )&
# %& ) # $ & & # )&# (# & $(&# 6& (&# 6( &# ' ( $('&) # # )
% $( & $ ( + ) S% 6( &# ' ( $('&) # ) )&% C ! G
& ' & # & 4* % )& # S 92--- + '& & $&)$ )& ) ' $ &1 (# (8 $(*
)& $& & 6(6& Z [ 6( &#
@ &% # ) #( ( $&# + # ( (# (8 ( )& $& & $& () (# <

)&# $ & 6( &# # % # & )& 4( &
Y- Y-
/ 2/ A/ 0
?=( (% "
F- /
F
- 7 9
H F7 0
,
- /% - / - /
HF /0
HF7 0%
( Ι= [
H - = - 7 0- + /0- = -- /0 ]
3 &%8( F9+ F- /%
9-
- / ?7 0"
= + = / 00 ? F/ 00+ $ % ) $&)$ )& )& 6( & , (
9 -- /0
) ! = -+ '& & ) $&# $& () $& & "
- / ? /0"
- = + = / 70
9 -- /0
- / ? /0"
7 = − =/ 0
9 -- /0
- / ?7 0"
9 = − = −/ /0
9 -- /0
&) /
( $ ) $&% # $& () (# < $& & & )& $.&+ # ( )&# &$$( #
)&# 6( &# #*) ' # S) (% $& () #
Y- Y- Y- Y-
/ 2/ A/ -/ / 2/ A/
?=( (% " F- / F 0/
-
F F
- 7 9
H F7 0
,
- /% - / - /
HF /0
HF7 0%
0/ ?7 0"
= − = / /72
9 -- /0
0/ ? /0"
- = − = / ;B
9 -- /0
0/ ? /0"
7 = + = / 7-
9 -- /0
0/ ?7 0"
9 = + = / 929
9 -- /0
&) /
97
# % $ & ) # # $& () # # $& & #+ )&# &$$( # )&# 6( &#

# : #' $ (6&%
= / 00 + / /72 = / 0A2 ? F/ 0A2+ $ % ) $&)$ )& )& 6( & , ( )

! = -+ '& & ) $&# # $& () # $& & #"
- = / 70 + / ;B = / 0-B
7 = / 0 + / 7- = / 9;
9 = − / /0 + / 929 = / 9 9
&) -/
(
) *
%#! #% %+ # '%&, # -, # ! # & , " -, % . , # & , !
& ", . &%/ # , #$% % &, ,# " ! #%'%-% , #!-, ,$% #" ,&% #
,# &, ,# % &- " - ! # ! !% -, # ! # & ,0 &, ,# + 1%& -, #0
+% 0 #%#$ 0 . , 0 . , & . ,0 ,# # #!-, ,$% #
, #+ #,- # " - % % ,- #0 " -,# ,&% #0 # - , -, ,&&%/ # ,# &, ,#
,# & $ +, %,&% # $! , ,0 .- 2 !-3# %& 0 ,&&%/ 0 ., % ,0 &
4
# &-,#%.%&, # & $ .%2 # " 5!, #%/ # .%2 # ! $% ,&% #
! # % - # $ +%$% # , #-,&% ,- # # 5!, #%/ ! $%
$ +%$% # , #-,&% ,- # " ,&% #
6 *7
%-% , &, &1 , ,- #% %& 8 ! 9 ! #%'%-% , , #-,&% # "
,&% #0 # # % " - # & $!-%&, # %#! #% %+ # , %&% ,- # / -,# "
! - # & & , $, $ 3-%& #
.- 5%'- # & , ! , -, + $ " % # !, , - # &,$'% # + - $ %& #:
& $! #%/ 0 # 5!, -, ,-$
! # ,$ # $ % , & 0 -,# &, ,# # ',2,#0 # ! #%'- %-% ,
-,# /$ # #%$!- # , , &, ,# # # , &%,- # # ! #%'- . , - -,# /$ &
,& 8 &1 #9 .%' , +% %
# %#! #% %+ # -,# /$ &1, # # 3 & . $, # ! &,!,#
! " -3$% ,# ,& ,- , ,# , 1 % ,# ,- &, &1 ! + -&, % ,&%/
%#! #% %+ # -,# /$ ) "##%

# %#! #% %+ # ,! " -,# /$ &1, ) "##% ! # &,!,# 5 ,#
-,# /$ & " #! # # -, $% , - #! # -,# &,!,# % ,#
# (
! " # $%& '% ! " & '%

4
,9 $% & '% #
,-% , ! & # !-,&,# $, # , # %$ #% # # &, #

- # &1 # # ,!, # -,# &, ,# -, ,- # " # 3 ! % #& , -, & #%/
& -, ," , + # %$% #! &%,- , ',# #% ,# !/5%&,#
#% , ! # # %$ #% # !-, , 8$$9 # % ,# ! - >$ -3$% ,#
-,# /$ " &1 # $ 3-%& # ,# & $ # #! # #! & %+ 8$$9
2( ! =<<5=<<5=8 <?69
7% !-, , =<< $$ ! =<< $$

% 6 &,!,# -,# /$ < $$ #! # " 4 # $% -3# %&,# 5 ,#
; $$ - #! # ,- -,# /$ # =< $$
% = &1 # $ 3-%& # 6 $$ - #! # ,- - %#! #% %+ # ;4 $$
=<< $$
=<< $$
;
=< $$ <
-,# /$ <
<
;
= &1 # 6 $$
'9 & '% #
,-% , ! $ - , % %+% ,- # &, # ,!, # - # &1 # # 3

! % # & , -, & #%/ ! , &,!, -,# /$ ; $$ #! #
$ % 0 + -&, % , -, .,' %&,&%/
#% , ! # # %$ #% # !-, , 8$$9 # % ,# ! - #! # ,-
8$$9 , $% ,&%/ ,! " & '% -, $%#$, & # % &%/ " %$ #% #
!-, , - 2 $!- , % 0 # =<<5=<<5;4
#! # # !-,&,# -,# /$ " &1 # 8,& -& 9 # ,- #(
-,# /$ 8$$9 &1 8$$9

@ 4
< 6
4 6
; =
'% , , & % ,&%/ , # & %& # %#! #% %+ # ,! " #, ,

) "##% # $% & '% #(
6
=
;
A
B
= ) C )
- #$ # " ! ! # # ! -,# #! &%.%&,&% #0 - 7 '% ,
! -%$% ,&% # #. 0 ,! " # $ &,!,&% , - # %# D, # & -
7 % $', 0, -- # %# D, # ! - 7 % ! ',# "
& - &,-% , , %&% ,- #9
! " # -,# /$ . , # & & E 7F 8 =B; C

) 9
# ,! " # -,# /$ . , # & ,& & 3 &,!,# ,- , ,#

-,# /$ " ,& . # # ,! " # ! 3 ,# $%#$ , , , # ,#0
!-,&,# 5 ,# ,& -, !, # ! % % . %
,# &,!,# # ! % % . % -,# /$ 3 # # $," # -
B<G - # -,# &,!,# % ,#
- .,& . $, , &,!, %0 # - , %+% % - 3 , !-, , - -,# /$
! - 3 , - ! $ , , ,! " # & , -, # #% , 2 #0 - .,& . $,
, &,!, #(
H
% = 8 =B; 9
41 % 8 + H 9
(
I - % - ,! " -,# /$ &, -, 8!, ,- - ,- 2 - % % ,- -
! 9
H I , &1 - ,! " 0 % &&%/ , #+ #,-
1% I # -, &,!, % #%$, -,# /$ - ,! "
, , ,! " # &% & -, # #% , 2 #0 - .,& . $, , &,!, #(
% = 8 =B; 49
=1 %
!% , # - 7, %,- 8 = B A 49
, #&,-, , ! #, # !, , #! &%.%&, - $, %,- ,! " -
4
$/ - & J +, , A 4 " B @= K L&$ " -, , $% ,- ;< "
B< % - $, %,- # #! &%.%&, ! # ,0 - $/ - & # $, & $ -
$ # .,+ ,'- - , , -, ,'-, = B A 4 : +,- # % $ % # !
$, # ! % ! -,&%/ ! &%#, ,$'% +,- # .- 5%/ ! #& %$%
!-3# %& 8& !9
, , ,! " # -,# /$ . , & ,& 0 - $/ - & J +, ,
A 4 " 6 4A K L&$4 " , $% ,- -, #&,-, 1 0 ;< " A<
#, & $ ',# -, $! , , 46M
,'-, = B A 4 !% , #
- 7, %,-
,8 1 9
;< A< B<
7/ - J 8K L&$4 9 A B6 N @ N @ = <B = <B 4
, 46M
#& %$% !-3# %& 8& !9 < 4; < 6; < =;
, 4; ,D # %+% % ! -,
.- 5%/ % %&%,-
- !, , 8,! " # -,# /$ #%$!- #9 " )J 8,! " # . , #& &,!,# %#& ,# .%' ,
+% % 9
@
.- 5% #! $! #%/
, )% #% % ! $% $% , -, . $,&%/ , &,!, -,# /$
%#! #% %+ # & . ,& 0 ',#, # -, , " - .,& . $,
)% =BA66 +,# #. . $,&%/
%$% #
%# D
#. $! #%/
& ,- % &,!, -,# /$ 0 - #. & $! #%/ ! $ % -
#, - $% # +%&% & $!-% 3(
• , , ,! " # # 2 # , . $,&%/ ! & , (
# ≤ AA J ≤ 4 K L &$4 8 =B;64 9
≤ < AA J 8 = B ; 6 4 49
• , , ,! " # .%2, #& , -, . $,&%/ ! & , (

4
# ≤ 4 J ≤ 44 K L &$ 8 = B ; 6 4 69
≤ J 8 = B ; 6 4 =9
(
σ # = #. & $! #%/ ! $ % # +%&% '% , -, &, , ,-
= #. & $! #%/ ! $ % # +%&% '% , -, &, , +%+,
J I $/ - & , - -,# /$
I .,& . $, -, &,!, $3# #, - -,# /$
. $,&%/ ! ,
- #!-, ,$% 1 % ,- $35%$ -, # ! # & , ! ∆ 0 # 3
$, & $ A;G - , $ +%$% $,- %# D 0 % &- " - #
$ +%$% # &, #, # ! #& %$% !-3# %& -& & 8& !90 ,& ,$% "
! # #,
, . $,&%/ $35%$, ! & , - ,! " - #, - $% # +%&%
# 0 # $, 3 & $ 0 $ %.%&, !, , & , -, % % -, # '
# & , " - ! & # & # & %+ % , # ! .%&% #-% , ',2, . %&&%/ #3
N
% # ,-, ,0 # # 3 $," -, . $,&%/ & #! % ,- ! %$

#-% ,$%
- ,! " & $!-% 3 & (
1 ≥ 4 ∆# 8 =B;6= 9
(
1 = #,- - -,# /$
# = . $,&%/ ! & , ,- $35%$, - -,# /$ #, - $%
# +%&%
$! #%/ " ,&%/ $'% , #

- #, - $% # +%&% 0 -,# ,&% # # $, & $ -, # $,
. & # $35%$ # -, ! % , % %&%,- !, ,- -%#$ " -, # '#% % ,&%/
5 $ -, +% , '% , -,# &, ,# " $ +%$% # ,& , #
# ,! " # # %# D, !, , -, & &%, - +, ,$% # ',2 & ,- %
& $'% ,&%/ &, , " -,# ,&% #& #! % #
# ,! " # & , -, # #, %#.,& %$% # - +, ,$% #%(
4
θ#
σ# > J 8 =B;6; 9
1%
! " # &, -, # & . $,&%/ ! & , & $!-% 3 (
4
#
# < @B;J − < 4< 8 = B ; 6 ; 49
1%
! " # &, -, # .%2 # & , -, . $,&%/ ! & , & $!-% 3 (
4
#
# < 4 4;J − < AB 8 = B ; 6 ; 69
1%
(
I >$ &,!,# % % # - -,# /$ .% &,!,# 5 % # & $
, --,# # 3 -% , ,# #/- ! , &, , , - # , &,!,
5 % # $," -, $% , ,% % 0 # % & $ ,3 O ! &, ,
&,!, 5 %
1% I # -, &,!, % #%$, - -,# /$
# I #. - -,# /$
I - % - -,# /$ #% -, ,&%/ # ,- # 2 , #+ #,-
, &1 - $%#$ #% -, ,&%/ # ,- # 2 - % % ,-
θ# I ,&%/ # +%&% $35%$, '% , -, &, , ,- 8 , %, #9
# ,! " # &% & -, # # 3 #, %#.,& % # , - # %$% #

- +, ,$% #% & $!- (
<
4
#
# > < B;J 8 = B ; 6 ; =9
1%
# ,! " # &% & -, # # 2 #, . $,&%/ ! & , & $!-% 3 (
4
#
# < 4 ;J −< ; 8 = B ; 6 ; ;9
1%
# ,! " # &% & -, # .%2, #& , -, . $,&%/ ! & , & $!-% 3 (
4
#
# < 6J − < 4; 8 = B ; 6 ; A9
1%
(
θ# I ,&%/ # +%&% $35%$, '% , -, &, , ,- 8 , %, #9

I %3$ - -,# /$
# ,'%-% , - ! " -,# /$
# ,! " # # 3 % + # % , # ! % # ,'%-% , - #, - $% # +%&% 0

& & $'% ,&% # &, , & $ - #! &%.%&, -, ,'-, 6 =
# ,! " # # & #% , 3 # ,'- # #% #, %#.,& (
4 ≤ 8 =B;6A 9
(
1
N4
= 8 = B ; 6 A 49
4
+
H
4 AB
= 8 = B ; 6 A 69
8 + 49 +
=H
J I $/ - & , - -,# /$
I - % - ,! " -,# /$ &, -, 8!, ,- - ,- 2 - % % ,- -
! 9
HI , &1 - ,! " -, % &&%/ , #+ #,-
,, ,! " &, -, # $," H0 -, # ,'%-% , # % + # % , 3

% &,$'%, "H -,# & ,&% #4" 6
, , ,! " # &% & -, #0 -, # ,'%-% , # % + # % , 3 #, -,# & ,&% #
,! " & , , 0 & H I I<@
, , ,! " # & , -, # & $!- -, & ,&%/ 0 - #. '% , -,
&, , ,- & $!-% 3 & -,# & ,&% #=/ ;(
• % -, & '% , ! # -%' !, , #!-, , # 1 % ,-$ (
J
# ≤ 8 = B ; 6 A =9
4 −
• % -, & '% , -! # .%2, ,- #!-, ,$% 1 % ,-(

J
# ≤ 8 = B ; 6 A ;9
−
+,- , %+ % .% % -, & ,&%/ ; % %&, - ,! " # # ,'- "
! σ
% − ≤ < 0 - ,! " # # ,'- " ! σ
.
- # - . ,& 0 1#0 & $!-% 3(
• - #, - $% # +%&% (
61$35 σ
1# ≥ 8 =B;6B 9
)"
• - #, - $% ., % ,(
41$35
1# ≥ 8 = B ; 6 B 49
∆) C
(
∆) C I & # , ,$!-% ., % , & %&, !, , , , 0 & $ # #! &%.%&,
& - AA
1$35 I # -, &,!, -,# /$ $3# #, - ,! "
σ I #. & $! #%/ ! $ % # +%&% '% , -, &, , +%+,
σ I #. & $! #%/ ! $ % # +%&% '% , -, &, , ,-
)" I #%# &%, .- &%, - ,& .
% 5%# , 2 # - . 0 - # $ %$ # % & $ , 3 !
.,& % ,- , # + & # - , &1 # %+% % ! - , &1
#, $!-% ), % , %&, 8∆)9 C
,'-, A A 4;6 C )
, , 8∆)9 C
8K L&$49
A@6
44 , , ,
P @=6 & #! , $% $' #
B<= !-, # -,$% , # &
P @=6 ' # & , # & --,$,
=N6 ,# " < <4; $$
6 A ,-%#,$% $ #0 # >
P @6 C L H ;7L ;
8 &&%/ 6 4 49
# #%/ 5%,- 4 @4
7 A=78 64;79
# #%/ 5%,- 4AB4
7 4;678 =N<79
4
7
7 %# D, %#! #% %+ ,! " -,# /$ . , & ,&
!, , ,! " .%2 ! # ' - % &% B4 ! &, , $ , " ;@ !
&, , +%+, - , &1 +% , # < ;< $ " -, ,&%/ $35%$, - 5 $ +% ,
&, , # +%&% # < <<B , %, # - -,# /$ % J I 4 K L&$4 " !-,&,#
. 6A Q#% 8)" I 4;6 K L&$49 %-% , - 7
- &%/
,9 R , - -,# /$
I B40<<< K
I ;@0<<< K
I 6<0<<< K
#. & $! #%/ ! &, , ,- # +%&% ,! " # .%2 #(
# ≤ 4 J ≤ 44 K L &$4 8 = B ; 6 4 69
(
6<0<<< K
= = = <AA &$4
44 K L &$4
, , - , &1 +% , 'I ;< &$0 #& $ # H I ;< &$
<AA &$4
= =4 &$ 8, - -, -, - % +% ,9
;< &$
- ,! " , - -, -, - % +% , ' # , & & $ # , ! 3& %& !, ,
! $% % -, ,&%/ ,- - 2 , #+ #,-0 " - # .%&% & $ !, , # ,'%-% , -,
+% , , # &&%/
!, I 4; &$ " H I ;< &$ 8R , I 4;< &$4 S <AA &$49
'9 ),& ) $, 7 %$
, , ,-
# ≤ 4 J ≤ 44 K L &$4 8 = B ; 6 4 69
σ <= K L &$4
≥ = = = 66 8 9
4J 4 5 4 K L &$4
#% (
J I 4 K L&$4 8 = B A 49
6<0<<< K
# = = = <= K L &$4
;<54; &$4
6
, , %+,
≤J 8 = B ; 6 4 =9
σ =A =< K L &$4
≥ = = 6 @B 849
J 4 K L &$4
#% (
J I 4 K L&$4 8 = B ; 49
;@0<<< K
= = = =A =< K L &$4
;<54; &$4
8 9 " 849 - .,& . $, $ %$ #( I = 66
&9 J # , &,!, % % - -,# /$ 81 %9
H H
$ % ≥ →1% ≤ 8 =B; 9
41 % 8 + H 9 4 %8 + H9
, , &, , ,-(
4; &$ 8;< &$9

1% ≤ = N4 &$
48= 66984; &$ + ;< &$9
, , &, , +%+,(
4; &$ 8;< &$9

1% ≤ = 4 ; &$
486 @B984; &$ + ;< &$9
J # &,!, % % , !, ( 1% I ;< &$ 8 ; $$9
# # &,!, % % 0 - .,& . $, #(
84; &$98;< &$9

= = ; ;A > = 66 QT
48 ;<984; &$ + ;< &$9
9 >$ &,!,# % % # -,# /$ 8 9
$! #%/ " ,&%/ & $'% , #(
4 4
θ# J #
σ# > J → > 8 =B;6; 9
1% # 1%
θ = < < = 4;
<= K L &$4 ;<
4
#
# < 4 4;J − < AB 8 = B ; 6 ; 69
1%
1%
> −< AB #
σ
−
4 4;J
4
4;
;<
> −< AB8< <<B9 = <A
<=
−
4 4;8 498; ;A9
0 , ! ,$ # I 4 #, 3 4 &,!,# % % # ; $$ &L # $%#$ 0

&,!,# 5 % # @ $$ 8@ $$ U B<G ; $$0 =B; 9
- # ,- # 1 = 4 8 ; $$9 + 4 8@ $$9 = =A $$ -,# /$
9 # ,'%-% , - -,# /$
1
N4
= 8 = B ; 6 A 49
4
+
H
= A< &$
N4
4; &$
= = < 4;
484; &$9
+
;< &$
4 AB
= 8 = B ; 6 A 69
8 + 49 +
=H
4 AB
= =<6
4; &$
8; ;A + 49 +
=8;< &$9
- ,! " # 3 # ,'- #%(
4 ≤ 8 =B;6A 9
;
48< 4;9 I < ;< S < 6
% $', 0 #% − ≤ < 0 - ,! " # # ,'- " ! σ (
E I < 4; E < 6 I < <A U <0 - - ,! " # # ,'-
.9 3-& - !-,&,# . - -,# /$
- #, - $% # +%&% (
61$35 σ
1# ≥ 8 =B;6B 9
)"
68 ;< &$98 <= K L &$4 9

1# ≥ = < @; &$
4;6 K L &$4
- #, - $% ., % ,(
41$35
1# ≥ 8 = B ; 6 B 49
∆) C
∆) C I A@6 K L&$4 8 , , 9 8 ,'-, A A 4 ; 69
48 ;< &$98=A =< K L &$4 9

1# ≥ = < <@6 &$
A@6 K L &$4
! ,$ # 1# I 4 $$ S @; $$
#, 3 6 !-,&,# 4 $$0 " - #! # ,- - ,! " # 3(
=A $$ ? 6 84 $$9 I ;4 $$
4;< $$
;<< $$
@
; % &&%/ - 3.%&
;4 $$ ;
@
6 &1 # 4 $$
A
7 %# D, %#! #% %+ -,# /$ 5!, #%/ . , &

,& !, , ,! " ! # ' - % &% B< ! &, , $ , " 44 !
&, , +%+, , - % +% , # 6< $0 # , &1 < =; $ " -, ,&%/ $35%$, -
5 $ +% , &, , # +%&% # < < < , %, # # $%#$ 0 -, +, %,&%/ $35%$,
! $! , , # 4<M 0 - ,& ,$% ! ! # #, < &$0 " - '% , -,
& ,&&%/ - & & < 4 &$ - -,# /$ % J I 4 K L&$4 " !-,&,#
. 6A Q#% 8)" I 4;6 K L&$49 %-% , - 7
- &%/
,9 R , - -,# /$
I B<0<<< K
I 440<<< K
I N40<<< K
#. & $! #%/ ! &, , ,- # +%&% ,! " # 5!, #%/
# ≤ AA J ≤ 4 K L &$4 8 =B;64 9
(
N40<<< K
= = = @4 &$4
4 K L &$4
, , - , &1 +% , 'I =; &$0 #& $ # H I =; &$
@4 &$4
= = @ 4 &$ 8, - -, -, - % +% ,9
=; &$
!, I 4< &$ " H I =; &$ 8R , I N<< &$4 S @4 &$49
'9 ),& ) $, 7 %$
, , ,-
# ≤ AA J ≤ 4 K L &$4 8 =B;64 9
σ <4 44 K L &$4
≥ = =; 6 8 9
AA J AA 5 4 K L &$4
#% (
J I 4 K L&$4 8 = B A 49
N40<<< K
# = = = <4 44 K L &$4
4<5=; &$4
B
, , %+,
≤ < AA J 8 = B ; 6 4 49
σ 4= == K L &$4
≥ = = 4 <= 849
J 4 K L &$4
#% (
J I 4 K L&$4 8 = B ; 49
440<<< K
= = = 4= == K L &$4
4<5=; &$4
8 9 " 849 - .,& . $, $ %$ #( I; 6
&9 J # , &,!, % % - -,# /$ 81 %9
H H
$ % ≥ →1% ≤ 8 =B; 9
41 % 8 + H 9 4 %8 + H9
, , &, , ,-(
4< &$ 8=; &$9

1% ≤ = 6; &$
48; 6984< &$ + =; &$9
, , &, , +%+,(
4< &$ 8=; &$9

1% ≤ = 6 6N &$
484 <=984< &$ + =; &$9
J # &,!, % % , !, ( 1% I 4< &$ 8 4 $$9
# # &,!, % % 0 - .,& . $, #(
84< &$98=; &$9

= = ; BB > ; 6 QT
48 4<984< &$ + =; &$9
9 >$ &,!,# % % # -,# /$ 8 9
$! #%/ " ,&%/ & $'% , #(
4 4
θ# J #
σ# > J → > 8 =B;6; 9
1% # 1%
θ =<< < ,
@
4
4 K L &$4 5 ; BB 5 < < < 4<
> = @@
<4 44 K L &$4 4<
4
#
# < @B; J − < 4< 8 = B ; 6 ; 49
1%
1%
> −< 4< #
σ
−
@B;J
4
4<
4<
> −< 4<8< < <9 =4 A
<4 44
−
@B;8 498; BB9
0 , ! ,$ # I 6 #, 3 6 &,!,# % % # 4 $$ &L " &,!,#

5 % # A $$ 8A $$ U B<G 4 $$0 =B; 9
9J # ,- - -,# /$
- # ,- - -,# /$ # 1 = 68 4 $$9 + 48A $$9 = =@ $$
& ,$% +% ,
$! , ,
α I < @5 < A L M 8& & 9
∆ I 4<M
I 6< $
< −A
∆ $! = < @5 5 4< 5 6<<< &$ = < A; &$
! # #,
∆! # = < &$
& ,&&%/ ., ,
∆& ,& = < 4 &$
γI 4 8 ,'-, 6 = 9
& ,$% ,- +% ,(
∆ = γ8 ∆ $! + ∆! # + ∆& ,& 9 I 48< A; &$ ? < &$ ? < 4 &$9 I 4 44 &$

N
$ 1 ≥ 4 ∆# 8 =B;6= 9
1 = = @< &$ ≥ 4 ∆ # = 484 44 &$9 = = == &$ QT
.9 ,!,&% , ,&% ,- - ! "
.- 5%/ % # , 3 ,! & $! #%/
σ # = <4 44 K L &$4 8 < <4 7 ,90 = ; BB
-, )% ( ε% I < <A4
$ δ= ε %1 % 8 =B;66 9
I =8< <A498 4< &$9 I < 4N@ &$
,!,&% , ,&% ,- - ,! "

L4
δ 4δ 48< 4N@ &$9

θ $35 = = = = < <4N@ , > θ = < < < , QT
L4 4< &$
19 # ,'%-% , - -,# /$
1
N4
= 8 = B ; 6 A 49
4
+
H
4<
= @< &$
N4
4< &$
= = < 6=
484< &$9
+
=; &$
4 AB
= 8 = B ; 6 A 69
8 + 49 +
=H
4 AB
= =<6
4< &$
8; BB + 49 +
=8=; &$9
- ,! " # 3 # ,'- #%(
4 ≤ 8 =B;6A 9
48< 6=9 I < A@ S < 6
# ,! " # &, -, # & $!- -, & ,&%/ , % 0 ' & $!-% (
J
# ≤ 8 = B ; 6 A =9
4 −
8 4 K L &$4 98; BB9

# = <4 44 K L &$4 ≤ = @B = K L &$4 QT
48< 6=9 − 8< 6 9
9 3-& - !-,&,# . - -,# /$
- #, - $% # +%&% (
61$35 σ
1# ≥ 8 =B;6B 9
)"
68 4< &$98 <4 44 K L &$4 9

1# ≥ = < =; &$
4;6 K L &$4
- #, - $% ., % ,(
41$35
1# ≥ 8 = B ; 6 B 49
∆) C
∆) C I A@6 K L&$4 8 ,'-, A A 4 ; 69

4
48 4< &$984= == K L &$4 9

1# ≥ = < <6; &$
A@6 K L &$4
! ,$ # 1# I 4 $$ I < 4 &$ S < =; &$
#, 3 = !-,&,# 4 $$0 " - #! # ,- - ,! " # 3(
=@ $$ ? =84 $$9 I ;A $$
4<< $$
=;< $$
A
4 % &&%/ - 3.%&
;A $$ 4
4
A
= &1 # 4 $$
4 9
+ 0 .+ +, / .1 8 : % .2 1 8 . %;+ + 1 .
2. 0. . 2. + 1 + 0 .< +, / 0 0,3 2 + .12 + .00 + 8
1 0 +, , + ; + % , + .2 %1 5 , .
= + + ,- +< 0 % + % + 0 0,3 < 1 + 0 0 +,%12
$ + ,- + ./ . '< 0 0 . %. $% + / 2. , 0 1. .22. 8
0 .6 +'< 0
4.5 2. 4.5 2. 4.5 2.
. .22.
4 .6 / ,0.2
. .23
7.1. .
+ ,- ./ . + ,- / 2. , + ,- 0 1. .22. 8 0 .6
$0 0 +,%12 ' $0 0 . %. ' $0 0 . %. '
! > >
.' ./ . $0 0 +,%12 '

= + + ,- + ./ . + %.0, + ,2, . + 1 1, 1 + 1. . +,+ , 2.+
6 .+ 2. .2 + -, .2 %1 5 2 8 .+ 0. .+ 0 +, .
6 8 + . 0 . + 0 . 2 + - . 0.1.0, . 1 . 8 2.
.2 . . 0 - , ++ 1 , .#% + + . %, , .+ .00, + 0 .2 ,
+ 00,3 2 + ,-
! $% & (& %'
!" #
$% & !& %'
#" *
) $ !' " $! ('

!
= + . 0@ + % ,% + 0.5 2.+ $! !< >. .2 ,+ A +< >, ,+ ,

. +1 + 8 4 % ,0.0, +< B' + %, . 2, , 2 %.8 2 +
/.2 + - , + 0.20 2. 2 + %;:,% + +12. .%, + 0 % 1 0 .5
2 . 0@ %1 ,0 2. 0.5 2. %, . 1 2. 0 .0,3 9
!
= $!&& + & && E= + & &&#E D '$ + & &&& !C '
9
) 2 , % ,%. $ %1 ,0.' 2. 0.5 2.< % , . %.2% . 2. 2 . 0 .2
2 .1 8 $%%'
= ) ,+ . 0,. 2 .-2 21 . 2. 5 . :1. +,3 . 8.0 3 .2 6, .2 2
.-2 21 $%%' . . . ,0 2.0, + 2 0 +< = - %. + 0 %
2. + %. 2. ,+ . 0,. . .%- + 2. + 2. . ,0 2.0,3 .. 1 +
+ 2 .% = + , .2 . 2. 2 , 2 .-2 21 $%%'
F ) 1. . + ,- +< 2. .2 . 1 % , 2.+ 0 2 % .+ + 1 . .2 .-2 2
1 @.+ . 2. 1 3:,%. 5 . :1. +,3 . . 0 2 % .+ 8 1,2. +< 2. .2 .
2 1,2. 2. 0 2 % . . . . ,0 2.0, + .% < 2. .2 .
1 % , + 0 2 % .+ 3 1,2. + . 8.0 + $%%'
) &< 1. . 1 + +,%12 % .1 8. +
) +/,.0,3 2 .1 8 % , + 2. 2 . %.2 .2 .% $G'
-' / 2. , $0 0 . %. '
0 3%,0 + 0 . + .2 . + ; ?8 &% + 0 . +
2. 1 + 0,. -.5. 0.1.0, . 1 . 80 . 2 +. . +
+ +0.+ + 2 . +1 2 + %,+% + + 0 3%,0
% & !& %
!? $% & (& %'
( !
) $ !' " $! ('

(
0' + ,- + 0 1. .22. 8 0 .6 + $0 0 . %. '

+ 0.+ 2. 1. .22. / ,0.2 + 0 . / 2. , +, %.+ -,
.1 8. . 2 +0 .6 + 8 2 0,%,
% & !& %
!? $% & (& %'
4 .6 +< )& !& $% '

+ 1. .0,3 9 ("! (
! (
) $ !' " $! ('
( > H = = 9 < <= <8

9 %1 5 @ , .2 2 + 2
9 + - 0. . + 2
= 9 + - 0. . /,/.
9 6 ,00,3 . ,/.
2 %1 5 2+ 2 + - ; 0 +, . 6 0,3 2 + +, , + 6.0 +9
,1 8 +, . 2 + 2 < 0 , . .< 0. .0 + ,0.+ 62 0,. 2 . 2
+ 2 < . 0 %1.0 .0,3 < -,0.0,3 2 ,/ 2 6 ; ,0 < , .00,3 + 2
+ 0 .< 0. , . + - 0. .< 6 0 + + +%,0 +< 1 , 2 22 <
, 02, .0,3 2%
%1 5 2. .2 2 + 2
.+ %, ; 0 % 9
1 ) Iγ+ $ & #'
9
1 ) %1 5 2. .2 2 + 2 $> .'
I ) 0 6,0, %1 5 2. .2< %. 0 % I 1. . % + +
6 %. , + % / < I. 1. . % + + 6 %. % / 2 + 6,0,
1. . .20. . 2. 0 ,0,3 % ,%. .0 ,/.< I1 1. . % + + 6 %.
% / 2 + 6,0, 1. . .20. . .0 ,0,3 1.+,/.
γ+ ) +, . 2 + 2 $I %('
) 1 6 , . 2+ 2 -.5 2. + 1 6,0, $%'
) .0 2 .0,3 2. ./ . $% +!'
.+ %, ; 2. 0. . 2 + 2 2. .2 + 2. -, . .2 1 + 2 22
.0 B. . . .2 . , .2 . ( + 2. -.+ 2 % < +, 2. .2 . .2 2
%
?
4 6,0, %1 5 =. .2 1 + <I
.. + 2 + %.2% 0 + 2, . +< % / ,0.2 8 ,/ 2. < 2

0 6,0, %1 5 2. .2 1 + + 1 %. 0 % 9
I ) + φ6
..+ 2 ++ - 0 + 2, . +9
φD 6
I )$ + φD6' $ 4 '+
9
φD6 ) ; 2 6 0 ,/ 6 ,00,3 2+ 2
I ) 0 6,0, %1 5 2. .2 2 + 2 1 +
4 ) 2.0,3 + - 0 + 2, .0,3
4 6,0, %1 5 =. .2 0 ,/ < I.
!
+ $ θ + φD 6 ' $( C( '
I. =
Γ+[ !
θ + $ θ − δ' ]
!
+ $ φD 6 + δ ' + $ φD 6 −β '
Γ = + $( C ( !'
+ $θ − δ' + $θ + β'
δ ); 2 6 ,00,3 22 8% $/ .-2. ( C( '

β ); 2 6 %. 2. + 1 6,0, 2 22 +1 0 2. @ , .2
θ ); 2 6 %. 2 +1.2 2% +1 0 2. @ , .2
φD6 ); 2 6 0 ,/ 6 ,00,3 , .
. 1. . δ ) β ) &< θ )K&G< 2 /.2 I. 2.+ :1 +, + . , +

$ . 4 2 %-' +9
! J
I. = $ ?C − ' $ . . I, '
!
C
4 6,0, %1 5 =. .2 .+,/ < I1
20 6,0, 1 +,3 .0 ,/. 4 2 %- +9
+ ! $ θ − φD ' !
6 + $ φD 6 + δ ' + $ φD 6 + β '
I1 = 0 Γ = −
! θ + $ θ + δ' + $θ + δ' + $θ + β'
ΓD +
, %-. < 0 6 % 2 /.2 0 0 < 2 % 0;20 2 4 2 %- .

/.2 + 3 + 0 0, + 1
2 2.% . 1 . 2 +, , % , 0, 1 4. 8 L ,+ 29
.. + 2 + 0 @ +,/ +< 2 + /.2 + 2 0 6,0, %1 5 2. .2 1.+,/ +

1 %. 2. M, .+ ( C?
. . + 2 + 0 @ +,/ +< 2 + %1 5 + 1.+,/ + + 1 + ,%. 0 9
1 = I1 + $ & −# ' + !0 I 1
#
1 ) %1 5 2. .2 1.+,/ 2 + 2 $> .'

γ+ ) +, . 2 + 2 $I %('
)1 6 , . -.5 2 + 2 $%'
0 ) 0 @ +,3 2 + 2 $> .'
) .0 2 .0,3 2. ./ . $% +!'
I1 ) 0 6,0, %1 5 2. .2 1.+,/ 2+ 2 $/ M, ( C? '
> 2 M2 , ,/.2 1. . + ,%. %1 5 + =. .2 + . I,
2 %1 5 -;+,0 2+ 2 1 $I %!' + 1 %. 0 % 9
1= $ & −# '
γ ) +, . 62 , ,/.2 2+ 2 < , 6 , . ?*& I %(
)1 6 , . -.5 2. + 1 6,0, 2 + 2 $%'
) .0 2 .0,3 2. ./ . $% +!'
E
.+ % 2. 0. . 2. .2 2 + 2 + 2. -, . .2 1 + 2 22
.0 B. . . .2 . , .2 . ( 2. -.+ 2 % < +, 2. .2 . .2 2 %
% , . + 2. + 1 6,0, 2 @.+ . 2 6 2. .1. .
= + /.2 + 1,0 + 1. . +, . + 62 , ,/.2 % + .2 .
%.8 . # & % + 1 %. 9
.2 + 1,0 + 1. . 2.+ +, . + 62 , ,/.2 2 ++ 2 +

$ .-2. ( CC '
,1 + 2 22 + 1 6,0, 22 0 )!CG
@ , .2
0 ,/ 0 ,/
1 + ) !?& 1 + ) !?&
(
$I % ' $I %(' $I %(' $I %('
. ./. + 2. **& #?& &?& *&&
. ./. +, . % ,. *&& C#& K#& E!&
. ./. +. E!& ?*& **& #?&
+, 9
∆ ) % /,%, 2. 1. + 1 , 2 % , 1. . 22 . .2 % ,% %1 5
.0 ,/ %;:,% %1 5 1.+,/ 1 .0,3 .+2.0,3 2. .2 $%%'
) .2 . 2% $%'
β ); 2 2 22 +1 0 2. @ , .2
=. %. , 2. 0 %1 / ,0.2 2 %1 5 2 + 2 + 2. / $ %' 1. . 2
0.+ 22 + 1 6,0, , 02, . . + 1 %, . 0 % 9
/ = @ . β
9
!
@ )& C
- 0. . ,/. $= '
- ; .12,0. . + - 0. . /,/. +, + . ,0,1. @.- ; 0. .+ / @,0 2. +
.0 . + - 2. + 1 6,0, 2 22 . ,+ . 0,. , .2 . 2. %, . 2. .2 . 2
% ;+ 2 1. .% 1 + , 2%
2 . + 2 ,/.2 1. . 0. . / @,0 2. + - + ,- + 1 1 ,0 2. + .2 ;6,0

.-2. ( #?
2 . 2 + ,- $%' @ $%'
C !
(& &K
#& &#
*
? 4 N O
=.+ 0. .+ . 0 +, . < .2 + 9
.' 4. .+ / ,0.2 + 2. + 1 + 0 .< 0 +1 , . 2.+ .00, + 2.
0. . % . 8 /,/. + %. 0 . 2 6 0 ,%1.0
-' 2 1 + 1 1, 2 + ,- 8 2 22
0' 2 %1 5 2 %;+ 2 6 0 + - 0. . + - 2
' , 5 0, + - 2. + 0 . 8 + - 2. 0. . /,/.< + . +%, .
./ + 2 .1 8 6,5
' M .1 2 %1 5 , ;%,0 2.+ . .+ 8 2. 6 . 62 .0,3
6' M . 2 , , .2 + . +%, . ./ + 2 .1 8 6,5 -, .2 6 .
/ @0 2 +
' M .0 6 .< 2 0.+ 1 +0 / +
@' M . + +%,0. 2. + 1 + 0 . 8 2. , 6 . + 0 .
C 4 4 = =
= + + ,- + 8 % + + + ,%, + - ,% +, . %. .
.+ . + + .-,2, . 0 . 2.+ 6.22.+ 1 / 20 < +2, .%, 8 1 +, + 2.
-.+ $ #( '
20 P + . + = %, + +,+ 0,. 8 / : %
- 0.20 2. 2. :0 ,0, . 2. + 2 . .2 21 2. -.+

2 + ,- =.+ 6 .+ 8 % % + +,+ 2 / 20 + +. 0 6.0 +
0. . % ,% + $0.+ 0. .+ ,1 4< Q< < 0 ' =.+ 6 .+ 8 % % +
K
0. +. / 20 + +. 0 6.0 + 0. . %;:,% + $0.+ 0. .+ 8

.+'
.. 2 +. 2 %, +,+ 0,.< + - %. 2. + 2 . 2. -.+ 2

0,%, 2. %, . 0 .2 $ ?' :0 1 2 0.+ + 2 0 +
+ %. ; 2 +R0 .2 + $ (* ' $ # ( (' . . 2 + .
2 %, / : % 80 S ) &< %. 2. 6 . + 2. 2. -.+ 2
0,%, 2 + !( 0 .2 + $ ( ' 2.+ ,% +, + 2 0,%,
1. . 0 .2 , + 2 , 0.%-, S ) < %. 2. + 2 . 2. -.+ 2
0,%, 2 +* &0 .2 + $ ! C ' . . /.2 + S & 8
&< , 1 2. 2, .2% 2 + /.2 + +1 0,6,0. + 1. . 6, , 2.+
+ ,00, + 6 , .+ . 2. -,0.0,3 2. + 2 . $ # C' 0.+
0,%, + 0. . + -,.:,.2% < + + ,%, + - .12,0. + .%-.+
, 00, +
+2, .%, P +. + = %, + +,+ 0,. 8 / : % $ & # ( ('
2 /.2 2. +,+ 0,. 6.0 . . .2 +2, .%, 0 +1 . . 0 %1

6 ,00, .2 $J S ' .0 . . 2 2. 2. -.+ 2 + ,- 8 . 0 %1
-, . 2. 1 +,3 1.+,/. 2 $J 1S 1' .0 . 2. 0. . / ,0.2
0 +1 , + +9
S ) J S T J 1S 1 $ &#(( '
S )$ ' . $ & # ( ( !'

); 2 6 ,00,3 2. -.+ 2 0,%, 8 2+ 2
. ) . J6 1. . 0 0 /.0 . , 0 .% .2 + 2 $ & # ( ('
. ) $& *' . J6 1. . 0 0 1 6.- ,0. $ & # ( ('
)6 . / ,0.2 .2 + - 2 0,%,
J6 ); 2 6 ,00,3 , . 2+ 2
= + /.2 + J 8 J 1 + %, . 2. .-2. & C C ! ! .. 2 +. 2 %,

/ : % < J ) & 8 J1 ) & , 2. +,+ 0,. 1.+,/. +;
.+ . . -, . +, +< + 0./.0, + 1 0,.2 +< 6 .+ :0./.0, +<
+ - +. J 1 ) & 1. . 2 + + . + 2 %, + +,+ 0,. 8 / : %
=. +,+ 0,. 6.0 . . .2 +2, .%, - + %.8 , .2 . 2.+ 0. .+

@ , .2 + 6.0 . .+ .12,0. .+
4 +, + 2. -.+ P + . + = %, + +,+ 0,. 8 / : %
0.20 2. 2 + +6 + -.+. + . ,+ ,- 0,3 ,6 % U + ,- +

0. . + :0 ,0.% 0,% . + + - 0.< + + 1 . ,+ ,- 0,3
1 +, + ,. 2. .1 , .2
> > 8 @ 69
.22. 2. :0 ,0, . 0 +1 0 .2 1 0 .2 2. -.+ 2 0,%, <

0 2.+ 0. .+ .12,0.-2 + 6.0 . .+9
&
Σ% % + 6.0 . + .0 . +
=
Σ6 .+ / ,0.2 + 6.0 . .+ .0 . +
! %, . 2 + +6 + / ,0.2 + 6.0 . + , 2. + 0 . + ; 0. . . -,
.:,.2% < 2 0;20 2 + .2, . .%-.+ , 00, +
.+. + . ,+ ,- 0,3 1 +,3 ,6 % .0 . 2. -.+ $+ 2

0 + '< 2 /.2 +9
Σ6 .+ / ,0.2 + 6.0 . .+ .0 . + , . 2 ,
= $ #(! '
−!
9
) . 0@ 2 0,%, 2 12. 0. .+
P ! ) . 0@ 6 0 ,/ 0,%,
) + %. 2.+ 6 .+ / ,0.2 + 6.0 . .+
..+ 2 0 + 2. ,+ ,- 0,3 1 +, + + .1 , .2 ,. 2. 9
#
%;: = + $ # ( ! !'
#
% = − $ # ( ! !'
( 4 %1. . 3 %;:< , 02 8 6.0 + 0. .< 0 2. 0.1.0, . 1 .
2 $0.1.0, . B2 ,%. .1 8 1. . 2 + 2 < % 2 ,12,0. 1 2 6.0
+,+ 0,. .1 1,. ' =. 0.1.0, . .1 8 6.0 . . $ +,+ 0,.' -
+ %.8 , .2 2 +6 .1 8 6.0 . 9
J- $ &#( '
9
) )0.1.0, . 1 . B2 ,%. 6.0 . . 1. . 2 + . 2 %, .1 1,.
J- ) 6.0 +,+ 0,. $ .-2. & C C ! ! 8 # C'
. + 2 %,+% 1. . 2 + + . + 2 %, + +,+ 0,. 8

/ : % 6.0 +,+ 0,. & + +. 2 0;20 2
1 +, + + - 2 2 +. 2 %, / : % + B
#C $ .-2. & C C ! ! 1. . 6.0 + +,+ 0,. 2 +.
2 %, +,+ 0,.'
=. 0.1.0, . .1 8 1. . 2 + + . + 2 %, + +,+ 0,. 8 /
: % - + 0.20 2. + 0 +, . 2 + 6 0 + +,+ 0,. 0 @ +,/.
8 6 ,00, .2 2 + 2 < 6 %. 8 ,% +, + 2. 0,% .0,3 < 1 6 , .
+12. 8 2. , 02, .0,3 2+ 2 1 +, . + - 2 + ,- = + + , +
0 ,0 + %, . ; 2. 0.1.0, . 1 . = + 6.0 + , 02, .0,3
0. . .2 + 0 +, . 2. %, .0,3 2. 0.1.0, .
1 .
# 4 4 V >4
=. 1 +,3 2. .2 2 + 0 .+ 0,3 < + .%12,6,0. . 0.+
+,+% + -, . 2. .0 2 .0,3 @ , .2 2. %.+. , .
0.+ + 0 .+ 0,3 .2 .+ $ W & %' 0 % + 2 0.+ + ,- +< 2.+
0. .+ + +%,0.+ - 0 %12. + < +; + .% 2. + 2 0,3 > -
I.-
2 % > - I.- + % 1+ + ; ,0 +. 22. .

1 +,3 62 , + ; ,0. ,/.2 1. . % 2. 2. 1 +,3 + +%,0. 2
+ - 2% + .12,0.-2 0 . 9
• 2% +; + , , 8 + 0.1. 6 %. 2 + 6,0, 1. . .00, . 2.

1 +,3 .0 ,/. 2 ,
• 2 22 + 0 @ +,/ 8 +. .
!
• =. 0 A. .0 ,/. + 2 6, 2. + 1 6,0, 6.22. 8 0. . 2 % < +

12. .
• =.+ .0 2 .0, ++ ,6 % + . ./ + 2. %.+. + 2 ,
=. 1 +,3 2 , 02 8 2. .00,3 + +%,0.< + %, . 0 9
!
= I γ $$ − I / ' $ '
!
+, 20 6,0, 1 +,3 .0 ,/. + +%,0. 2 9
0 + ! $ φ − θ − β'
I = !
$ !'
+ $φ + δ'+ $φ − θ − '
0 + θ 0 + ! β 0 +$δ + β + θ' +
0 +$δ + β + θ' 0 +$ − β'
)1 + ,., 2
) .2 . 2 , .1 2%
I/ ) 0 6,0, .0 2 .0,3 / ,0.2
I@ ) 0 6,0, .0 2 .0,3 @ , .2
); 2 6 ,00,3 , . 2+ 2
) . 0 . XI@ $ I/'Y
); 2 , 02, .0,3 2% 0 2. / ,0.2 $+ , . ,/ 0 % + ,2 + .'
); 2 6 ,00,3 2 + 2 8 2 + ,-
i ); 2 , 02, .0,3 2 %. ,.2 22 0 2. @ , .2
(
2 /.2 @.< 2. .2 . . 2. 0 .2 2. + 2 . 2 %1 5 2 + 2 .0 B. + - 2
+ ,- < + 1 %. , .2 . ( 1. . 0.+ + ; ,0 , / 2 0 6 0 +
+ +%,0 + , %-. + /.2 . % . . % , . . % . 2.+ + 2,0, .0, +
, + +%,0 8 Q@, %. @. + , @ + 1 . -
+ 1 , 2. 0 %1 + ; ,0. 2 +6 2 + 2 .0 B. . ( 2.
-.+ 2 + ,- < %, .+ + 1 . 0 +, . 2 +6 , ;%,0
. ,0, .2 .0 B. . . .2 . @)& # , %-. < 1. . 2. %.8 . 2.+
.12,0.0, + + ; + 6,0, .+ %, @)& C 0 %1 5 ,6 % %
,+ ,- , $ '
=. :1 +,3 1. . 2. 6 . 1.+,/. .0 . 0 . 2% + 6 2 %1 5 2+ 2
+9
!
= I γ $$ − I / ' $ ('
!
+, 20 6,0, 1 +,3 1.+,/. + +%,0. 2 9
0 + ! $ φ − θ + β'
I = !
$ ?'
+ $φ + δ'+ $ φ − θ + '
0 + θ 0 + ! β 0 +$δ − β + θ' −
0 +$δ − β + θ' 0 +$ − β'
. . + ,%. 2. 1 +,3 2. .2 2 1 2. .00,3 + +%,0.< 2 0 6,0,

.0 2 .0,3 / ,0.2< I/< + .+ % 1 2 .2 , .2 . 0 8 2 0 6,0,
.0 2 .0,3 @ , .2< I@< + %. 0 % 9
I@ ) & C < 1. . % + + 1 +,-2 % /,%, + @ , .2 + @.+ .

.1 :,%. .% !C& %% $1 9 % + ./ . < / 2. , < 0 '< 8
I@ ) C < 1. . % + 2 +12. .%, @ , .2 + 0 $1 9 + ,- +

, .2 +< % + . 02. +< 0'
, 9
)0 6,0, + +%,0 .0 2 .0,3 @ , .2 $Z '

?
= >
= > 2 % 0 0,3 % + . &% .2 . %, . 2.
1 +,3 2. .2 2 8 2. 0. . + +%,0. .0 B. + - 2% 4 +, . 1. .
2 (CG<<
) (CG &G<<
) &G ) K!C I %( < 0 6,0, + +%,0 .0 2 .0,3
@ , .2 ) & !&
S
)
) &%
& C )C%
()( ((%
2 0,3
, 9
); 2 6 ,00,3 , . ) (CG
); 2 6 ,00,3 2+ 2 8 2% ) &G
); 2 2 %. ,.2 2 + 2 0 2. @ , .2 ) &G
); 2 , 02, .0,3 2% 0 2. / ,0.2 ) &G
) .2 . 2 ) &%
)1 + , ., 2 ) K!C I %(
) 0 6,0, + +%,0 .0 2 .0,3 @ , .2 ) & !&
I@ ) 0 6,0, .0 2 .0,3 @ , .2)& C ) & C$& !&') & &
I/ ) 0 6,0, .0 2 .0,3 / ,0.2 )&
I@
θ=.0 . =CE °
− I/
' 4;20 2 20 6,0, %1 5 .0 ,/ I.
4 $( C( ' 8 $( C ( !' 1. . 2 + /.2 + . +9
! φ ! (C
I. = $ ?C − '= $ ?C − ' = & !E
! !
' 4;20 2 2. 1 +,3 2. .2 2
4 +, . .2 , 2 + ,- &% + , 9
!
= γ I. = $ K!CI % ( '$ &%'! $ &%'$& !E ' = !#< &*? I
! !
12,0. . @) ( ) &% ( ) ( ((%< + 2. -.+

C
4' 4;20 2 2. 6 . + +%,0.
20 6,0, 1 +,3 .0 ,/. + +%,0. 2 +9
0 + ! $ φ − θ − β'
I = !
$ !'
+ $φ + δ'+ $φ − θ − '
0 + θ 0 + ! β 0 +$δ + β + θ' +
0 +$δ + β + θ' 0 +$ − β'
I = & (!*
= 2. 6 . .00,3 + +%,0. +9
!
S = − = γ $I − I.'
!
S = $ K!CI % ( '$ &%'! $ &%'$& (!* − & !E ' = C< ?*# I

!
12,0. . @)& # ) & #$ &%' ) & #&% + 2. -.+ < . + + 6,0, 9
@)& C ) & C$ &%' ) & C&% $ '

#
= > ! ,+ A. + ,- ./ . 1. . 2.+ 0 ,0, + % + . .+ 2

0,% .0,3 1 + . 0.1.0, . B2 ,%. 1. . 2 + . 2 %, +,+ 0,.
) ! && I 0%! 8 2.+ 1 1, . + + .22. =. + 0 . + ; . .
+ +%,0. 1 :1 + . . / 2 0, . + /, + 1 , + . K& I% @
) (&& I %
4) E<&&& I %
*&
Q) *&& I %
1 + 0 . ) K<&&& I %
==T >
= +. . +,0,3
(&
Q ) C& I %
*& C
4 T T ) K&& I % ?&
+G
J6 ) ( G
[ ) !?G
) #&& I %\ ) ? && %
+ ,-
. ./ .
-
) !(!& I %\
&& 0
@
2 0,3
>
. . 2. .2 . )? &&%< 1 -.% + . + 00,3 1 2,%, . + ,- 0 9
) . 0@ 2 0,%, ) ] " ! ( ) ! &&%"! #E% ) ! C&% $. 1. '
@ ) .2 . 2 0,%, ) #" * ) & #E%"& C&% ) & C&% $. 1. '
.)2 , 1 . ) !" # ) & ((%"& #E% ) & (&% $. 1. '
-)2 , .23 ) !" # ) & ((%"& #E% ) & (&% $. 1. '
) & C&% $. 1. 'W % ) & !(%
% )2 , % ,%. 0.5 2. $! !< >. .2 ,+ A +< > 4 B'

) $!&&T& && E=T& &&#E '$ T& &&& !C ^'
) $!&&T& && E: !<&&&'$ T& &&& !C: * ?(^'%%
0 =) !% $ . '< F)&< ) * ?(G
) & !(%
E
) (&& I %
.2 . ,/.2 + 2 1 4
4) E<&&& I %
*& ) *&& I %
Q
) K<&&& I % = @D ) & *& 41 0. . /,/. $= '
==T >
(&
*& C
?&
4
C
Q ) C& I % !C !C & C&
= ) ( E&% : (#C I %^ ) (C& I %
4 T T ) K&& I % !
!
) ( E&% : K* I %^) E(? I %
+) * ?(G
) ? && % 4
(
4 ) & C : ( E% : #*E I %^
! )( ! I %
(& E
4 [ ) !?G
(&
& C&
& K&
(
& C& ! 4
?
I. : ( E&% : #&& I %\ ) #*E I %^
) ! C& % I. : & (&% : !(!& I %\ ) K* I %^
I. : & *&% : #&& I %\ ) (#C I %^
4 P 4
' 4 6,0, %1 5 .0 ,/ L.
); 2 6 ,00,3 , .)( G
); 2 6 ,00,3 2+ 2 8 2% ) !?G $ .-2. ( C( '
); 2 2 %. ,.2 2 + 2 0 2. @ , .2 ) &G
); 2 , 02, .0,3 2% 2 2. 2 ) K&G
= 9
!
+ $ φ + δ' + $φ − β'
Γ= + $( C ( !'
+ $ θ − δ' + $ θ + β'
.. ) &G 8 ) K&G 9
!
+ $ φ + δ' + φ
Γ= + = ! *!
0 +δ
!
+ $ θ + φ'
I. = $( C( '
Γ+ [ !
θ + $ θ − δ' ]
0 +! φ
.. ) K&G 9 I. = = & !*C
Γ0 +δ
*
' 2 . ,/.2 + 2 1 4
0. .+ / @,0 2. + .0 . + - 2 < . .% + . 1 0,3

,/.2 + 2 2. .-2. ( #? <1 , 1 2.0,3 1. . ) ? && %<
@F ) & *& %
4' > . 4. .+
4 N 4 =
4. .+ 4 $1 + 1 1, '
+ ,- 9
4 ) & C$ K& % : ! E&%' : !<(!& I %( ) !<* K I %
4! ) & C& % : ! E&% : !<(!& I %( ) (< (! I %
4( ) & C& % : ( C&% : !<(!& I %( ) ?<&#& I %
4? ) & C& % : ! C&% : !<(!& I %( ) !<K&& I %
= +. 0 0.%, 9
4C ) & (& % : & (& % : !<(!& I %( ) !&K I %
4. . % . 2. + 1 + 0 . 21 9
4 ) E<&&& I %
4. .+ Q $1 + + 1 6,0, .%, '
Q ) *&& I %
4. .+ $1 +,3 / ,0.2 1 0. . % . 2 '
) & (& % : ( !& % : <#&& I %( ) <C(# I %
! ) & (& % : & C& % : <#&& I %( ) !?& I %
( ) ] : & C& % : & E % : <#&& I %( ) #* I %
4. .+ $1 +,3 2. .2 2 '
( E& % 9
8 ) + ) (< ! I % $+ !?G' ) <!#K I %
2 +. .0 0.%, 9
!8 ) ! + ) E(? I % $+ !?G' ) !KK I %

K
4. .+ == $0. . /,/. 2. + 1 + 0 . 1 '
= ) K<&&& I %
4. .+ = $+ - 0. . 1 0. . /,/. 2 '
,/.2 : , & (& % 2 + ,- 9

= ) & *& % : & (&% : <#&& I %( ) (*? I %
4 %1 / ,0.2 2. + - 0. . 1 0. . /,/.9
= !8 )= ! $+ δ' ) <(C& I % $+ !?G' ) C?K I %
+ % 4. .+ ,0.2 +
4 N $L %' $%' > $I % %'
4 4 !<* K & K& !<C(E
4! 4 (< (! ?C ?<C?
4( 4 ?<&#& KC E<K E
4? 4 !<K&& !C (<#!C
4C 4 !&K ! (C ?K
4 4 E<&&& ?C &< C&
Q Q *&& ?C < #&
<C(# ! (C (<# &
! !?& & C (#
( #* & (# !?
8 <!#K ! C& (< E(
!8 !KK ! C& E?*
= == K<&&& ?C (<&C&
= = (*? ! (C K&!
= !8 = C?K ! C& <(E(
Σ (?<!#C C(<((E
4 N 7 =
4. .+ $1 +,3 2. .2 2 '
( E& % 9
: ) 0 + ) (< ! I % $0 + !?_' ) !<*C I %
2 +. .0 0.%, 9
!: ) ! 0 + ) E(? I % $0 + !?_' ) #E I %
4. .+ = $+ - 0. . 1 0. . /,/. 2 '
4 %1 @ , .2 2. + - 0. . 1 0. . /,/.9
= !: )= ! $0 + δ' ) <(C& I % $0 + !?_' ) <!(( I %

!&
4. .+ Q $/, + - 2. + 0 .'
Q ) C& I %
4. .+ $6 . 6 . '
) (&& I %
4. .+ 4 < 8 $ 6 %.0,3 20 0 1 0. . + + , . 2 , %1 <

.0 .%, 1 1 +6 . < 8 %1 . . ,6 % '
4 T T ) K&& I %
+ % 4. .+ , .2 +
4 N $I %' $%' > $I % %'
: !<*C !( (<C&E
!: #E *C <!?
= !: = <!(( *C !<!*
Q Q C& ( #& C?&
(&& C *& <E?&
4 T T 4 T T K&& ( #& (<!?&
Σ #< &C !<C?K
' +. + 2 %, + .12,0.-2 + 8 0 %-, .0, + 0. .+
%. % + 0 . 2 + + . + = %, + +,+ 0,. 8 .12,0.-2 + + 0.+

80 /.2 ) )
-+ /.% + :,+ % +.+ 0 %-, .0, + 6.0 + 0. . 1. . 0. .
+. 2 %, 0 % 1 0, + 2.+ .-2.+ ( ? 8 ( ? ! 02 +
+ 2 +. 2 %, 0 .% + 1 + .-2 0 + % +.+ 0 %-, .0, +
,+ , .+ 2 ,+ A. + 0.+ .1 2. . + +1 +.-,2, . 8 - 5 ,0, -
+ 2 00, . 2 + 6.0 + 0. . .1 1,. + 0. . ,1 0. .
. . 2 0@ + .-,2, . .2 / 20 8 +2, .%, < -+ /. 2 ;6,0 2.+
0. .+ .0 . +< ,2, . % + 2 + 6.0 + %;:,% + 1. . 2.+ 0. .+ @ , .2 +
. / 20 .2 2 1 8 +2, .%, 2. -.+ $ < = < Q < <
4 T T ' 8 2 + 6.0 + 0. . % ,% + 2.+ 0. .+ / ,0.2 + .
+ .-,2, . $ 4< Q< < ==T >' 1. . + . %. . %.:,%, . 2.+ 0 ,0, + 0 ,0.+
2. + 0 . + + 0.+ + + ; %, . + . 8 .< +1 0 ,/.%
. . 2 0@ 1 +, + 2. -.+ ,2, . % + 2 + 6.0 + %;:,% + 2.+
0. .+ / ,0.2 + 8 @ , .2 + 1. . %.:,%, . 6 0 + + + 0.+ + 2 +
%, . % + - 8 -< +1 0 ,/.%
!
!!
' 4 S = M 7
.' 20 .2 21 a b
+ .-2 +,9
) =
4
> >
? $6 .0,3 + 2 '
: ) !:
( * $6 .0,3 + 2 0 + '
! !
+. >/ >@ : =
>/ − >@ %.: ) ?
= $ −: '
$L %' $L % %' $L % %' ! $%'
$%' $%'
+,+ 0,. . !?<?CE ?&<#!! C<EEK & # & !(? & #!C Lc
+,+ 0,. - ?*<CE? EC<KE C<EEK !(K & & & #!C Lc
+,+ 0,. . !!<*!? (#<#?& K<?K* *K & &# & #!C Lc
+,+ 0,. - ( < K ?K< C! K<?K* !E & &! & #!C Lc
-' +2, .%, -.+ 2 + ,-
+ .-2 +,9
MW
6
M6 )`$J '
4 9
`) ) !?G ) & ??C $ .-2. ( C( '
J ) & *& $ .-2. & C C ! ! '
+. + $L %' 4 $L %'
$L %' M6 )` $J '
+,+ 0,. . !?<?CE *<E&E *<? # Lc
+,+ 0,. - ?*<CE? E<!K! *<? # Lc
+,+ 0,. . !!<*!? *< !C C<K?( Lc
+,+ 0,. - ( < K < &? C<K?( Lc
!(
0' +, + .0 . + 2. -.+ 2 + ,-
) =
4
> >
: ) !:
%;:
% M .0,3 0.
! !
+ .-2 +,9 %;:
M .0,3 + 2
! + .-2 +,9
+. >/ >@ : =
>/ − >@ =
= $ −: ' −!
$L %' $L % %' $L % %' !
$I 0%!'
$%' $%'
+,+ 0,. . !?<?CE ?&<#!! C<EEK & # & !(? !&d! Lc
+,+ 0,. - ?*<CE? EC<KE C<EEK !(K & & K#d! Lc
+,+ 0,. . !!<*!? (#<#?& K<?K* *K & &# & K#d! Lc
+,+ 0,. - ( < K ?K< C! K<?K* !E & &! !Ed! Lc
4 P
+. + 2 %, + .12,0.-2 + 8 0 %-, .0, + 0. .+

!?
4 S = M 7
.' 20 .2 21 a b
+ .-2 +,9
) =
4
> >
? $6 .0,3 + 2 '
: ) !:
( * $6 .0,3 + 2 0 + '
! !
+. >/ >@ : =
>/ − >@ %.: ) ?
= $ −: '
$L %' $L % %' $L % %' ! $%'
$%' $%'
+,+ 0,. . E<#(E (&<E(( < ? ! & (* & #!C Lc
+,+ 0,. - !!<*E? (*<E&# < ? !&# & &?? & #!C Lc
+,+ 0,. . #<&&? !#<EC E< !! !!E & &!( & #!C Lc
+,+ 0,. - ! <!? (?<E!C E< !! !KK & &?K & #!C Lc
!C
-' +2, .%, -.+ 2 + ,-
4 9
`) ) !?G ) & ??C
$ .-2. ( C( '
J ) & *& $ .-2. & C C ! ! '

+ .-2 +,9
MW
6
M6 )`$J '
+. + $L %' 4 $L %'
$L %' M6 )` $J '
+,+ 0,. . E<#(E #<!EK E<??
+,+ 0,. - !!<*E? *< ?( E<?? Lc
+,+ 0,. . #<&&? C<#KE C<!*( Lc
+,+ 0,. - ! <!? E<C#! C<!*( Lc
2 +. 2 %, +,+
0,. . + +. ,+6.0 , 1 2 0 2 0.% +
, 0 0 + 00,3 & (&%:& (&% 2. -.+ .2 0 % + % + .
2. 6, .U 0 +, .% + . %;+ 2. +,+ 0,. 1.+,/. 2 + 2 +32 2 ;%-, 2
,
&C
& (&
&C I 1: #&&: &&)K<E#&I
&( )(<(#EI
[ ) !?G 1
I : #&&: (&) !<#**I
1
2. M, . ( C? < 20 6,0, %1 5 1.+,/ + I1)E $0 J6)( G 8

)K&G' 8 2 6.0 00,3 @.22. 1 , 1 2.0,3 < )& *E& $0
[ J6)& EE?'
= 9
I1 ) I1$[)J'
I1 ) & *E&$E' ) # &
=. +,+ 0,. 1.+,/. +9
10 +!?G)]$K<E#&I %T !<#**I %' : & (&% : 0 +!?G ) (<&E#I
.. 2 +. 2 %, +,+ 0,. .< . . 2 , 0 0 + , 9
S ) J S T J 1S 1 $ &#(( '
!#
4 9
J S ) #<!EKI
J 1 ) & C& $ .-2. & C C ! ! '
S 1 )(<&E#I
S ) #<!EKI T & C&$(<&E#I ')E<

E<*
E<* EI
EI W E<?? I Lc
0' +, + .0 . + 2. -.+ 2 + ,-
) =
4
> >
: ) !:
%;:
% M .0,3 0.
! !
+ .-2 +,9 %;:
M .0,3 + 2
! + .-2 +,9
+. >/ >@ : =
>/ − >@ =
= $ −: ' −!
$L %' $L % %' $L % %' !
$I 0%!'
$%' $%'
+,+ 0,. E<#(E (&<E(( < ? ! & (* & EKd! Lc
+,+ 0,. . !!<*E? (*<E&# < ? !&# & &?? & KCd! Lc
+,+ 0,. #<&&? !#<EC E< !! !!E & &!( & #Cd! Lc
+,+ 0,. . ! <!? (?<E!C E< !! !KK & &?K & **d! Lc
!E
= > ( ,+ A. 2 + ,- 0 0 . %. % + . 1. . 1
+,%12 % .1 8. . + 2. / . =.+ 0. .+ / ,0.2 + 1 / , + 2.
+ 1 + 0 . , 0, + - 2 + ,- + 9 4) ! % 8 Q) * % =.
6 . 6 . ) KK % 2 22 + E &&% .2 .< 2 + 2 +
0 @ +,/ 1 + ,., ) K!C I %\< 0.1.0, . . %,+,-2 . %)! #E I 0%^
$M )('< ; 2 6 ,00,3 , . J6)(&G 4 +, . 0 6,0, + +%,0
.0 2 .0,3 @ , .2 )& ( 8 0 6,0, +, , ) !
) KK %
4 ) ! % *&%
Q ) *& %
)K ?K? %
==T >
-1. .1
S & EC
@1. .1) C&
& EC
!
!
1 9 + 1
J6 ) (&G
[ ) &G
)E &&% ) K!C I %\
) ! #E I 0%^
. %
)&( +G
) !
= .23 , 6 =1 .
@) C&%
2 0,3
>
. . 2. .2 . )E &&%< 1 -.% + . + 00,3 1 2,%, . + ,- 0 9
) . 0@ 2 0,%, ) ] " ! ( ) ( C&%"? #E% $. 1. )C &%'
) .2 . 2 0,%, )& ) & E&% $. 1. ) &%'
=1 . )2 , 1 . ) () #E% $. 1. =1 . ) &%'
+ 1 ) + % 1. .22. ) !? ) & !K% $. 1. + 1% )& (&%'
, 6 ) + %.8 1. .22. ) & ) & E&% $. 1. )& K&%'

, 6
) & E&% $. 1. 'W % ) & !?%

!*
% )2 , % ,%. 0.5 2. $! !< >. .2 ,+ A +< > 4 B'
) $!&&T& && E=T& &&#E F'$ T& &&& !C ^'

) $!&&T& && E:!&<&&&'$ T& &&& !C: & & ^'%%
0 =)!&<&&&%%< F)&< G) & & G
) & !?%
.+ % , .+ %. .+ + % + . 2 ;6,0 +, , 9
*&%
,/ 1 +0
4< Q< ==T >
= !C E&
@D)& #& 8
& EC
C& S
& EC
?& !
( C
#& K
(C (&
(& ?&
C K& S = *
e S+ ,-
)E &&%
& ?
+G) & & G
( C& #
8
! 4N
! ((
@) C&%
( & K& &
& .23 E
1 1D 1DD
)C &%
!K
4 P 4
4 N 4 = $0 +, . 6 . 5.+ % 2 , + ,- '
4. .+ 4
+ 1 1, + ,- 0 0 . %. $ 4'9
2 % 2 % 4 e $%' $%' e 4 4
$%\' $ %' $ % %' $ % %'
& (EC & K&& ! !!C # !C& ! && C #(
! & (*& &K ! *EC C (&& E ? *(
( & &C & !C! ! E ? K&& & C( !(
? !&& ! **& *C& ( && C (( * K(
C & &K& &! # #&& ? K&& & (C &#
# &!& ! ??* C&& ! !(( ( #E C ?E
E C# & ( ?#? ! CC& & CC& (? (( E?
f) ! &E! ?E K! (? CC
4)! &E %
?E K! (? CC
e = = ! !E? % < = = #?&%
! &E ! &E
+ 1 1, + 1 + 0 .9
4) ! && %
e ) EC%
4. .+ Q
+ .+6.2 + 1 + 0 .9
Q) *& %
e ) EC%
4. .+ $1 + 2 '
2 % 2 % e e
$%\' $ %' $%' $%' $ % %' $ % %'
* # !!C ( !(( ( E!C ? &C& # (? !# ?K
K & &C & !&! ! !(( ? E&& & ?C & KC
& K& ! !K ! EC ! *&& ? K* #?
&& ? & &!E !? (#E & &( & &?
! & ??& & *?E & CC& (&& & ?E &
f) (? #& !! !E (C &&
)(? #& %
!! !E (C &&
e = = ( C(?% < = = ( K&!%
(? #& (? #&
(&
4. .+ ==T >
4. . /,/. ,%1.0 + 2. + 1 + 0 .9
) K ?K?
==T > %
e ) EC%
4. .+ = $+ - 0. . 1 0. . /,/. 2 '
2 . ,/.2 + 2 1 4 $ .-2. ( #? '9
0. .+ / @,0 2. + .0 . + - 2 < . .% + . 1 0,3

,/.2 + 2 + 0.+ 1. . ) E && %< @F ) & #& %
,/.2 : , ! EC% 2 .23 2 + ,- 9
= 8 ) ! EC% : & #&% : K!C %( ) ( * %

e ) ( E!C%
+ % 4. .+ ,0.2 +
4 N $ %' e $%' > $ % %'
4 4 ! &E ! !E? ?E K!
4 4 ! && EC& ! &&
Q Q *& EC& ( C
(? #& ( C(? !! !E
==T > ==T > K ?K EC& ##
= 8 = ( * ( E!C *(
Σ) *! ? !!! EK
4 N 7 = $0 +, . 6 . 5.+ % 2 , + ,- '
4;20 2 20 6,0, %1 5 .0 ,/ $L.'
6 ); 2 6 ,00,3 , . ) (&G
); 2 6 ,00,3 2+ 2 8 2% ) &G
); 2 2 %. ,.2 2 + 2 0 2. @ , .2 ) &G
); 2 , 02, .0,3 2% 2 2. 2 ) K&G
.. ) )& 8 )K&G< 2.+ 63 % 2.+ $( C( ' 8 $( C ( !' +

0 /, 9
! J6 ! (&°
L. = ?C° − = ?C° − = & (((
! !
(
4. .+ .0 . +9
4. .+ = $+ - 0. . 1 0. . /,/. 2 '
4 %1 @ , .2 2. + - 0. . 1 0. . /,/.9
1b) L. @F ) $& ((('$& #&%'$ K!C %\' ) & (*C %^
= : ) $1b')E &&%$& (*C %^'
= : ) ! E& %
) ( C&%
4. .+ $1 +,3 2. .2 2 '
E &&% 9
1 ) L. ) $& ((('$E &&%'$ K!C %\' ) ? ?K! %^
)] $1')]$E &&%'$? ?K! %^'
) C E! %
) ! (((%
4. .+ S $.00,3 + +%,0.'
.' 00,3 + +%,0. 2 $ S '9
); 2 6 ,00,3 , . ) (&G
); 2 6 ,00,3 2+ 2 8 2% ) &G
); 2 2 %. ,.2 2 + 2 0 2. @ , .2 ) &G
); 2 , 02, .0,3 2% 0 2. / ,0.2 ) &G
) 0 6,0, + +%,0 .0 2 .0,3 @ , .2 ) & (&
I@ ) 0 6,0, .0 2 .0,3 @ , .2)& C ) & C$& (&') & C
I/ ) 0 6,0, .0 2 .0,3 / ,0.2 )&
I@
θ=.0 . = * C(°
− I/
= 9
0 + ! $ φ − θ − β'
L = !
$ !'
+ $φ + δ'+ $ φ − θ − '
0 + θ 0 + ! β 0 +$ δ + β + θ' +
0 +$ δ + β + θ' 0 +$ − β'
L = & ?((
(!
0 +9
S ) ] $L L.' ^ )]$& ?(( & ((('$E%'^$ K!C %\'
S ) ? E& %
) ( C&%
-' 4. . + +%,0. 1 + 1 + 0 . $ S'9

2 ( &K = M + .-2 0 1. . 2 + 1 + + 2 .% <
, 1 , % 2. . + +%,0. + 0 < . + 2,0, .0,3
% ,%. ,+ A . ,3 + , , . + 1 + 0 .8+ - + 0 .
% .2 1 0 2 0 6,0, +, , < 2 0 6,0, .0 2 .0,3
8 2. 0. . 1 %. ,- . ,.< + 0, 9
S ) 4T Q ) (* %:&(: !
S )? KE %
) # !C%
0' M ., 0,.2 2 + ,- 9
.0 . 2. M, = M 9
Q )1 + 2 + ,- 8 ,- . , )! &E T (? #&) CC #E %
)4N 2 + ,- 8 ,- . ,
! &E %$ #?%' + (? #& %$( K&!%'

= = ( &?C%
CC #E %
L@)& C
S + ,-)L@ Q)& C:CC #E %
S + ,-)* (C %
) ( &?C%
((
4. .+ $6 . '
) KK %
) * *&%
+ % 4. .+ , .2 +
4 N $ %' $%' > $ % %'
= : = ! E& ( C&& K ?(
C E! ! ((( (# #*
S S ? E& ( C&& # ??
S S ? KE # !C& ( &C
S + ,- S * (C ( &?C !C ?(
KK * *&& EC
Σ) (* ?! (# CC
' =V> =4 = 4 > 4 4 N
%.% + 0 .2 + +. 2 %, + +,+ 0,. 8 / : % .12,0.-2 +

+ 0.+ 8 0 /.2 ) )
. . 2 0@ + .-,2, . .2 / 20 8 +2, .%, -+ /. 2 ;6,0 2.+
0. .+ .0 . +< ,2, .% + 2 + 6.0 + %;:,% + 1. . 2.+ 0. .+ @ , .2 +
. / 20 .2 2 1 8 +2, .%, 2. -.+ $ 8 = ' 8 2 +
6.0 + 0. . % ,% + 2.+ 0. .+ / ,0.2 + . + .-,2, . $ 4 8 '
1. . + . %. . %.:,%, . 2.+ 0 ,0, + 0 ,0.+ / 20 8 +2, .%, 2.
+ 0 . + 0.+ + ; %, . .
. . 2 0@ 1 +, + 2. -.+ %12 .% + 2 + 6.0 + %;:,% + 0. .+
/ ,0.2 + 8 @ , .2 + 1. . %.:,%, . 6 0 + + 0.+ 2 %, . % + -
2 0@ . , .%, 1 ,+ ,- 0,3 . %. . 2. 1. .22. + .2, . ;
1. . 2 + . 2 %, /,0,
(?
(C
' 4 S = M 7
.' 20 .2 21 a b
4;20 2 %;:9
+.2 %, +,+ 0,. $ < # ( ('9

- %. 2. + 2 . 2. -.+ 2 0,%, 2. %, .
0 .2 $ g ?'< :0 1 2 0.+ + 2 0 + + %. ;
2 +R0 .2 + $ g( * '
+ 0, %;: ) ? ) $& !C'C &% ) !*%
+. 2 %, / : % $ < # C'9
4 . S)&< + - %. 2. + 2. 2. -.+ 2 0,%,
2 + !( 0 .2 + 2 0,%, 1. . 0 .2 , + 2 $ g ( '
4 . S) < %. 2. + 2 . 2 + * & 0 .2 + 2
0,%, 1. . 0 .2 , + 2 $ g! C '
. . /.2 + S & 8 &< , 1 2. 2, .2% 2 + /.2 +

+1 0,6,0. + + 0.+ < ,2, . S)& C< 2. , 1 2.0,3 + A.2.
2 2 %, g (&
+ 0, %;: )$ (&' % ) $& (#E'C &% ) *E%
+. >/ >@ : =
>/ − >@ %.:$%'
= $ −: '
$ %' $ % %' $ % %' !
$%' $%'
+,+ 0,. . E &K !&E &# &! * ?* &E !* Lc
+,+ 0,. - ! K! (&C E( &! * *& & EC !* Lc
/ : % . #E ! K! !E ? ?! & E# EK *E Lc
/ : % - KE &K !E& E ? ?! (( !! *E Lc
-' +2, .%, -.+ 2 + ,-
4 9
`) J6 ) & CEE $ & # ( ('
J ) & *&< + . 2 %, +,+ 0,. $ .-2. & C C ! ! '

) &&< + . 2 %, / : % $ # C'
+. + $ %' 4 $ %'
$ %' M6 )` $J '
+,+ 0,. . E &K (! *! ( E* Lc
+,+ 0,. - ! K! C! ( ( E* Lc
/ : % . #E ! (* E( ?( K?
/ : % - KE &K C# &! ?( K? Lc
(#
2 +. 2 %, / : % .< + +. ,+6.0 , 1 2 0 2 0.% +

, 0 0 + 00,3 & E&%:& E&% 2. -.+ 0 % + % + .
2. 6, .U 0 +, .% + 2. +,+ 0,. 1.+,/. 2 + 2 +32 2 ;%-, 2
,
C&
I 1 : K!C: C&)* ?K
)E (( E&
1
I : K!C:! !&) ! ?C
1
E&
2. M, . ( C? < 2 0 6,0, %1 5 1.+,/ + I1)# ( $0

J6)(&G 8 )K&G' 8 2 6.0 00,3 @.22. 1 , 1 2.0,3 <
)& ?#E $0 [ J6)&'
= 9
I1 ) I1$[)J'
I1 ) & ?#E$# (' ) ! K?
=. +,+ 0,. 1.+,/. +9
1)]$* ?K % T ! ?C %' : & E&% ) E ((
.. 2 +. 2 %, / : % .< . . 2 , 0 0 +
, 9
S ) J S T J 1S 1 $ &#(( '
4 9
J S ) (* E(
J 1 ) && $ # C'
S 1 ) E ((
S ) (* E( T &&$E (( ')?#
?# &# W ?( K? Lc
0' +, + .0 . + 2. -.+ 2 + ,-
4.1.0, . 0. . 6.0 . . 2 $ '
' +. 2 %, +,+ 0,.< 0 J- ) & ?C $ .-2. &CC!! '9
)J- $ &#( '
)J-$M . % ')& ?C$(:! #EI 0%^' ) ( #&I 0%^

(E
!' + . 2 %, / : % <0 J- ) && $ # C'9
)J- $ &#( '
)J-$M . % ') &&$(:! #EI 0%^' ) * & I 0%^
(' + . 2 %, /,0, 9
. % ) ! #EI 0%^
+. >/ >@ : =
>/ − >@
=
= $ −: '
$ %' $ % %' $ % %' ! −!
$%' $%' $I 0%!'
+,+ 0,. . E &K !&E &# &! * ?* &E ! ? d( #& Lc
+,+ 0,. - ! K! (&C E( &! * *& & EC ( (d( #& Lc
/ : % . #E ! K! !E ? ?! & E# EK ? ?(d* & Lc
/ : % - KE &K !E& E ? ?! (( !! ( ##d* & Lc
/,0, *! ? !!! EK #( #( K? &# ! !d! #E Lc
4 P
' =V> =4 = 4 > 4 4 N

(*
' 4 S = M 7
.' 20 .2 21 a b
+. >/ >@ : =
>/ − >@ %.: ) ?
= $ −: '
$ %' $ % %' $ % %' ! $%'
$%' $%'
+,+ 0,. . CK ! *# E C( K? &# !* Lc
+,+ 0,. - E* # !?C #* E C( ! !! & (( !* Lc
/ : % . CC C E (! & # !# !K *E Lc
/ : % - E? #? !(& *K & # E( & *! *E Lc
-' +2, .%, -.+ 2 + ,-
4 9
`) J6 ) & CEE $ & # ( ('
J ) & *&< + . 2 %, +,+ 0,. $ .-2. & C C ! ! '

) &&< + . 2 %, / : % $ # C'
(K
+. + $ %' 4 $ %'
$ %' M6 )` $J '
+,+ 0,. . CK ! !E !K !* (&
+,+ 0,. - E* # (# !K !* (& Lc
/ : % . CC C ( *! (E K*
/ : % - E? #? ?( &E (E K* Lc
= + + . + 2 %, + +,+ 0,. . 8 / : % .< +

+. ,+6.0 , + = < @.0, + 2. +,+ 0,. 1.+,/. 1 1 0, . . 1
2 , 0 0 + 00,3 & E&%:& E&% + , 9
C&
I1 : K!C: C&)* ?K
)E (( E&
1
I : K!C:! !&) ! ?C
1
E&
2. M, . ( C? < 2 0 6,0, %1 5 1.+,/ + I1)# ( $0

J6)(&G 8 )K&G' 8 2 6.0 00,3 @.22. 1 , 1 2.0,3 <
)& ?#E $0 [ J6)&'
= 9
I1 ) I1$[)J'
I1 ) & ?#E$# (' ) ! K?
=. +,+ 0,. 1.+,/. +9
)]$* ?K
1 % T ! ?C %' : & E&% ) E ((
.. 2 +. 2 %, +,+ 0,. .< . . 2 , 0 0 +

, 9
S ) J S T J 1S 1 $ &#(( '
4 9
J S ) !E !K
J 1 ) & C& $ .-2. & C C ! ! '
S 1 ) E ((
S ) !E !K T & C&$E (( ')(&

(& KC W !* (& Lc
.. 2 +. 2 %, / : % .< . . 2 , 0 0 +
, 9
S ) J S T J 1S 1 $ &#(( '
?&
4 9
J S ) ( *!
J 1 ) && $ # C'
S 1 ) E ((
S ) ( *! T &&$E (( ')(
(K C W (E
(E K* Lc
0' +, + .0 . + 2. -.+ 2 + ,-
+. >/ >@ : =
>/ − >@
=
= $ −: '
$ %' $ % %' $ % %' ! −!
$%' $%' $I 0%!'
+,+ 0,. . CK ! *# E C( K? &# C(d( #& Lc
+,+ 0,. - E* # !?C #* E C( ! !! & (( EEd( #& Lc
/ : % . CC C E (! & # !# !K ! *d* & Lc
/ : % - E? #? !(& *K & # E( & *! ! Cd* & Lc
/,0, C* *C *! &( ?# !( & !? !Ed! #E Lc
4h=4 = = 4
' O ==
*&%
,/ 1 +0
& #&
& EC
S
& EC
C K& =
S
S+ ,-
! KC ! *&
KE
1 1D 1DD
?
4 N ==
4 N 4 N $ %' 4. .$ ' $%' >$ %'
= 1b)& (((:& #&: K!C)& (*C & (*C:C K&)! !E ! KC # E&
1)& (((:C K&: K!C)( E*# & C:C K&:( E*#) E KE ! K#
S 1F)& C$& ?((& ((('C K: K!C)& C## & C##:C K&)( (? ! KC K *?
S ? KE C C !C CK
S + , # !& ! *& E ((
KK E E& C (!
1. . S + 9
Q ) 1 + + ,- 8 ,- . , + - )E # T (( E!) ? (( %
L@)& C
S + ,-)L@ Q)& C:? (( % ) # !& %
)4N 2 + ,- 8 ,- . , + - ) ! *&%
.' 0 M2 :,3
> % ,+ A 2. -.+ 2. 1. .22.9
+. 2 %, +,+ 0,. < 0 ) ) 9
> ) X EC>= T C&> T EC> Y $ .-2. ( ? '
) &&X EC$# E& %'T C&$! K# %'T EC$ C (! %'Y
) E ?K %
+. 2 %, / : % <0 ) ) 9
> ) X& C&>= T C&> T &&> S T & C&> Y $ .-2. ( ? '
) &&X& C&$# E& %'T C&$! K# %'T &&$K *?T!C CKT E ((' %
T& C&$ C (! %'Y ) K# E! %
4 > ) K# E! %< ) ∅ b<

+ 0 - ,%, ) E C0% $ .-2. C ! ( '
! C?
= E C+ = * EE 0%
!
) K&0% P * EE0% )* !(0%
+ 68 + :?!&&
.= = = # KE0%
& *C60D - & *C:! &: &&
K&0%
> K# &&: &C C &
+ = = = !K #!0%^< + J i = = & E%
. . !K #!
J 6 68 $ − ' &:?!&&$* !( − '
! !
$J6) &< + B # C 1. . + . 2 %, / : % '

?!
+ %;:,% $ CE(( '
. + 00,3 + - 6 . . 0 %12 0 90 g & ?!
0 ) . β ) # KE0% & *C ) * !&0%

) * !(0%
0 ) & & g & ?! Lc
+ % ,% $ C E ( ( !'
=. 0. , . .0 1 1 0, . - + 0.1. +,+ , 2% /.2

!>0 8 ((> 9
.' !>0 ) !6 ) !$!K (I 0%!'$ (C<&&&0%(' ) ?E K %
, 9
6 = & #( 60D > . = ! & 60D I 0%! = ! & ! & = !K ( I 0%!

) -@! # ) &&$K&'! # ) (C<&&&0%(
-' (( > ) (($K# E! %' ) !* #? %
2 % /.2 + ?E K % 8 2. 0. , . .0 0.20 2. . $!K #!0%!'

+,+ > )K# E! % W?E K % Lc
b j & E%
-' + %1 . .
+ %1 = & EC# X Y $C & * ! '

M8
+ %1 = & && * X>L < 0 68 = ?!&& I 0%! Y
, 2. 1. .22. + 00,3 /. ,.-2 < %.% + 0 + /. .% +

& *&%9
+ %1 = & && *$K&: &&' = # ! 0%!
+ %1 = # ! 0%! ! = * & 0%! 0.1.

! &&
,2, . /. ,22.+ C *b< 2. + 1. .0,3 + ;9 + = = & !? %
* &
+%;: ) ( ) ($& K&') ! E&% $ C & *'

+%;: ) & ?C% Lc $ C & *'
C *b j & !? %
. 2 .0 %1 . . + 0 2 0. ; 1 0 . 0 , B ,1
.0 2+ , 1 1 ,0 2. .2 .0 1 , 0,1.2 2. 1. .22. 8 .%-,
2. 0. . 2. 1. .22. 1 + . .2 22 < .%- + + , +
?(
0' /,+,3 6,+ .0,3 1 ,+ ,- 0,3 . %. .$ C E ( ?'
+6 %;:,% 2 .0 9
7
6+. = (
≤ & #68 $C E ( ? '
$ 0 '
. . 2 .0 1 , 0,1.29 -
J
0 = 0 - ,%, +
≤ C 0% $ C E ( ?' !
! C? K& 0%
0 = C 0% + 0%
! J ij& E 0
) # !E0%
0
0
- ) +1.0 2 .0 ) E0%
) B% /. ,22.+ )
E 0%
/
$! 0 '- $!:# !E0%'$ E0%'

= = = ! ( * 0%! $ C E ( ?'
/
7 ) (&<&&& %% $0 +, . :1 +,0,3 % . .' $ C E ( ?'
) (&<#&&L 0%
= 9
(&<#&& I 0%
6+. = = !<EE* I 0% !
$# !E0% : ! ( *0%! ' (
6+. ≤ & #$?!&&I 0%! ' = !<C!& I 0%!
6+. = !<C!& I 0%!
+6 2 .0 -.5 0. .+ + /,0,
>+ 0
6+ =
. . 2 ,+ A 1 +. = %, /,0, <0 ) ) 9
>+ = $ & >= + & > + &> ' $ .-2. ( ? '
>+ ) &$# E& %T! K# %T C (! %'
>+ ) ?( KK % %
.. . 0@ ,- . , & E%9
>+ ) $?( KK % %' $& E%' ) E ?* %

??
+ )!&&<&&& > . ) !F&(K<?&& I 0%! $C ? ( !'
0 = C<(?? 60D $C ? ! ? '

!
0 = C<(?? ! & = !!!< (C# I 0%
+ !D&(K< ?&& I 0%!

= = =K
0 !!!< (C# I 0%!
E 0%
8 $'
* !(
0)* !( 8 K& 0%
$T'
* EE $6+ '
J ij& E
+ )K:C &0%^)?C K&0%^
h . .0 . +6 %. .9
+ ) 2.0,3 % 2. : ; . .0
+ ) K$C &0%!' ) ?C K&0%!
> % + +1 0 2 5 1. . %, . 89
E8 $8 !' ) ?C K&$* !( 8'
8 ) * ?!0%< 0)* !(0% 8 ) #! * 0%
0,. +1 0 2 5 + 00,3 . +6 %. .9
-8 (
= + 0! +
(
E $ * ?!' (
= ?C K& $#! * '! +
(
)! #<?K#0%?
= 9
>+ 0 E ?* : & C : #! *
6+ = = : K = < KC(I 0%!
! #<?K#
6+ = < KC( I 0%! < 6+. = !< C!& I 0%! Lc

?C
' /,+,3 1 0
1,0.% 2 0 -, . 2 ,+ A % 0 0,3 U +,
%-. /,+. % + 2 + 2. 1. .22. 1. . 0 6, %. +
, . %. . . +/ +.2
2 0 . .0 . 2. -.+ 2. 1. .22. 1. . 2 +. 2 %,
+,+ 0,. < 0 ) ) < +9
) X EC = T C& T EC Y $ .-2. ( ? '
) &&X EC$! !E ' T C&$ E 'T EC$ KK 'Y
) !? !
2 0 . .0 . 2. -.+ 2. 1. .22. 1. . 2 + . 2 %, /
: % <0 ) ) < +9
) X& C = T C& T && S T& C Y $ .-2. ( ? '
) &&X& C$! !E 'T C&$ E 'T &$( (?T? KET# !&'T& C$ KK 'Y
) (( (K
= ) (( (K
20 . +,+ 20 0 +9
)J $C * ! !'
J) & $ # C'
) T +T
0 1 $C * ( ( '
+, 2% 9
) & !C6F0-/ / T 1 $C * ( ( !'
0 = & &*(β 60D - / / X Y $C * ( ( ('
1. . )! $ C * ( ?'9 0 = & C( 60D - / / XI Y
0 = & C( 60D - / / = & C( ! & $ && :EE EC' = CK E
9
-/ ) . 0@ ,+ A 1. .22.) && 0%
) * !(0%
. # KE
/ = 1 .2 0 6 0 ,/ = − = * !( − = EE EC 0% $
! !
C * ! K'
% 2 & K& ) & K&$* !( 0%' ) E( 0% Lc
%.8 /.2 & E!@ ) & E!$K& 0%' ) #? *&0%
?#
4 1)& 8 +)& ) CK E
2% /.2 ) & !C : ! & : && : EE EC ) ?&* K
+9 ) CK E
=. +,+ 0,. 20 0 .2 0 +9
)J ) &$CK E! ' ) CK E W (( (K Lc
!' O 4> 4k
.' 0 1. + 1 , .1. .
,/ 1 +0
= 8)! EC%:& #&%: &%: K!C %(
@D)& #&
)( *
K&
& #&
E(
C K& )(( E(
( &
! EC (C
(
4 )( &%: &%: &%:! ? % )* *
++ 1 ,
& .23
> % ,+ A 0. . / ,0.2 1. .22.< + . 2 %, +,+ 0,.

-< 0 ) ) < +1 0,. 2 2. 0 + /. 2. .00,3 2+ 2 9
> ) X !C > 4 T (C > T EC >= Y $ .-2. ( ? '
) &&X !C$* * : CC%' T (C$(( E( : # %'

T EC$( * : E(%'Y
) K* E* %
%, ,% + 2 + . / : % <1 + + 0 ,0 + 0.+
?E
,2, . .0 ∅ b8 0 - ,%, ) E C0% $ .-2. C !( '
J ! C?
= 0 -+ = E C+ = * EE 0%
! !
) &0% P * EE0% ) & !(0%
>
+ = = !# #?0%! < $0 J)& K< + B C C ? !'
.
& K68 $ − '
!
+ 68
.= = # !E0%
& *C60D -
C &
,2, . /. ,22.+ b< 2. + 1. .0,3 + ;9 + = =& K%
!# #?
+ %;:,% $ CE(( '
. + 00,3 + - 6 . . 0 %12 0 90 g & ?!
0 ) . β ) # !E & *C ) E (E0%
) & !(0%
0 ) & &E g & ?! Lc
+ % ,% $ C E ( ( !'
=. 0. , . .0 1 1 0, . - + 0.1. +,+ , 2 % /.2
!>0 8 ((> 9
.' !>0 ) !6 ) !$!K (I 0%!'$!& <##E0%(' ) E& ?K %
, 9
6 = & #( 60D > . = ! & 60D I 0%! = ! & ! & = !K ( I 0%!
) -@! # ) &&$ &'! # ) !& <##E0%(
-' (( > ) (($K* E* %' ) ( (* %
2 % /.2 + E& ?K % 8 2. 0. , . .0 0.20 2. . $!# #?0%!'

+,+ > )K* E* % WE& ?K % Lc
b j & K%
-' + %1 . .
+ %1 = & && C $C & * ! !'
+ %1 = & && C$ &&: &' = # C 0%!
+ %1 = # C 0%! ! = * !C 0%! 0.1.

! &&
,2, . /. ,22.+ C *b< 2. + 1. .0,3 + ;9 + = = & !? %
* !C
+%;: ) & (&% Lc $ C & *'
C *b j & !? %
?*
. 2 .0 %1 . . + 0 2 0. ; 1 0 . 0 , B ,1
.0 < 1 1 ,0 2. .2 .0 62 :,3 < . 2 .23 0 % 2. 1 . 2
0,%,
0' /,+,3 2 .23 1 0
20 . .0 . 2 .23 1. . 2 + . 2 %, +,+ 0,. < 0 )

) < +9
) X !C 4 T (C T EC = Y $ .-2. ( ? '
) &&X !C$* * ' T (C$(( E( ' T EC$( * 'Y
) # (!
%, 2 +. / : % <1 + -, . 2 ,+ A
20 . +,+ 20 0 +9
)J $C * ! !'
J)&K $C C ? !'
) 0 T +T 1 $C * ( ( '
+, 2% 9
) & !C6F0-/ / T 1 $C * ( ( !'
0 = & &*(β 60D - / / X Y $C * ( ( ('
1. . )! $ C * ( ?'9 0 = & C( 60D - / / XI Y
0 = & C( 60D - / / = & C( ! & $ && :K* &' = EC (C
-/ ) . 0@ ,+ A .1. . ) && 0%
) & !(0%
. # !E
/ = 1 .2 0 6 0 ,/ = − = & !( − = K* & 0% $
! !
C * ! K'
% 2 & K& ) & K&$ & !(0%' ) K 0% Lc
%.8 /.2 & E!@ ) & E!$ &0%' ) EK !&0%
4 1 )& 8 + )& ) EC (C
2% /.2 ) & !C : ! & : && : K* & )C C &(
+9 ) EC (C
=. +,+ 0,. 20 0 .2 0 +9
)J ) & K$EC * ' ) #E * W # (! Lc

?K
' 0 6 .1. .
0
+ 1. , 6 , .1. .
.23
4 .
)? ?(I 0%
!
62 :,3
.. 2 +. 2 %, / : % .< 0 ) ? ?(I 0%^<
+1 0,. 2 2. 0 + /. 2 1 + 2 $ ' 8 2. 1 .
.1. . $ 4'< 2 % % .0 . 0. . 1. .22. +9
$ &%'!
> = ?? (& %^ : : % = !# *& − %
!
,2, . ∅C *b j& !(% $ +)! &&0%^ & !(% ) * E&0%^ %'
+, 9
0 - ,%, ) E C0% $ .-2. C ! ( '
J CK
= 0 -+ = E C+ = * (& 0%
! !
) &0% P * (&0% ) & E0%
+ 68 * E&$?!&&'
.= = = ! &C0%
& *C60D - & *C:! &: &&
J6) &< + B # C 1. . + . 2 %, / : %
. ! &C
> = J68 +$ − '= &:?!&&:* E& $ & E − ' = (# EK − % > !# *& − %
! !
+ %;:,% $ CE(( '
. + 00,3 + - 6 . . 0 %12 0 90 g & ?!
0 ) . β ) ! &C & *C ) ! ? 0%
) & E0%
0 ) & &! g & ?! Lc
C&
+ % ,% $ C E ( ( !'
=. 0. , . .0 1 1 0, . - + 0.1. +,+ , 2 % /.2

!>0 8 ((> 9
.' !>0 ) !6 ) !$!K (I 0%!'$!& <##E 0%(' ) E& ?K %
, 9
6 = & #( 60D > . = ! & 60D I 0%! = ! & ! & = !K ( I 0%!
) -@! # ) &&$ &'! # ) !& <##E0%(
-' (( > ) (($!# K* %' ) (C ** %
2 % /.2 + (C ** % 8 2. 0. , . .0 1 1 + . $* E&0%!'
+,+ > )(# EK % W(C ** % Lc
C *b
*b j & !(%
!(%
' /,+,3 2. 1 .1 0
4;20 2 / $ C * ! K'9
. ! &C
/ = 1 .2 0 6 0 ,/ = = & E− − = && #* 0%
! !
% 2 & K& ) & K&$ & E0%' ) K C(0% Lc
%.8 /.2 & E!@ ) & E!$ &0%' ) EK !&0%
-, %. 2 0 . .0 . . . ,+ . 0,. / 2. 0. . 2.
1. .22.< 2 0 . .0 . +9
= $= 1 . − /' = ?? ( %! $ &% − & %' = ? %
20 . +,+ 20 0 +9
)J $C * ! !'
J) & $ # C'
) T +T
0 1 $C * ( ( '
+, 2% 9
) & !C6F0-/ / T 1 $C * ( ( !'
0 = & &*(β 60D - / / X Y $C * ( ( ('
1. . )! $ C * ( ?'9 0 = & C( 60D - / / XI Y
0 = & C( 60D - / / = & C( ! & $ && : && #*' = EE ((
4 1)& 8 + )& ) EE ((
2% /.2 ) & !C : ! & : && : && #* )C!* CE
+9 ) EE ((
C
=. +,+ 0,. 20 0 .2 0 +9
)J ) &$EE (( ' ) EE (( W ? Lc
ij& E
C *ij& !?
C *ij& !?
ij& K
C *ij& !?
C *ij& !? C *ij& !(
4k >
!
" # $%& $ $' $ $ $ $ ( )
* + , -.
!/ 01230/ 4 5536 / 0/ /7 3 3 /7 8 4/ / 9 8 4/ / : 14
/7
4 84 8=
+ ≤ ; ;< )* + , - .
=9
84 8 =
≤ ; >; )* + , - -.
=5?
!/ 0 30/ 4 5536 / 0/ /7 3 3 /7 8 4/ / 9 8 4/ / : 14
/7
4 9 = 84 8 =
?
+ ≥ ; >* )* + , - >.
5 = =5?
84 @ 1 / /5 78 4/
4 @ 1 / 7/ / 0/ / /5536 8 4/ /
@ 1 /: / 7/ 4 5536
=8 @ 434 53/ / 7/ /5536 48 53=35/ / 7 /5 8 4/
=9 @ 436 =7 53/ 48 53=35/ / 7/4 :/ /4 / 0/ /
=A5 @ 434 53/ / 7/ 5 08 436 48 53=35/ / 7 B 03 6 / -< /4
=8 @ 436 8 4/ = 5 3C/
7 0 30 D0 :/ /4 / 0/ / 7 3 3 /7 : 1 4 4 34 8/ /
348 4353 4 53 5 7/ 4 9 5 / 8/ / 348 4353 4 5/ 7/ 4 7 /0/E 0 30
:/ / 4 1 F G
// 8 4 # /4 4035/4 9 - 4 8 373 / / 4 5536 = 5 3C/
53 / 43 7/ 4 5536 / 4C 4/7 4 0/9 7/ 3 / 8/ / 434 3 7/4 5/ /4
/8735/ /4 7 0 30 8 5 /H / 0/ / 7 3 3 /7 /7 )8 4/ / 9
8 4/ /. 7 1 / = 5 3C/ 53 / 4 1 8 53 7 C/7 : 3 7/
5 /536 >I 5 /7 3 / 4 / 7 C/7 4 7 0/9
- ! ( &$ ! " ! #) * + , >.
// 7 4 7 0 4 487/ /:7 4I 7 4 = 5 4 7/ 4: 7 4 8 48 53/

43
J!
< --
// 7 4 7 0 4 4 487/ / I 7 4 = 5 4 7/ 4: 7 4 8
48 53/ 43
J! $
< >, − -
$-
-
43 $ 9 $- 7 0 9 0/9 0 0 2 0 48 5 3C/0 I9 7 03
)$ K$-. 8 43 3C 8/ / =7 236 5 C/ / D 35/
// 7 34 E 7 0 4 5 08 303 4 8 4/ 4 5 J7 K L ;;I 4
8 373 / 7 43 3 8 5 303 /8 230/
- 7 34 E 4 :/4/ / 5/ / /23/7 0/9 / / I 03 / / 0 3/ / 173434

714 35 9 0 0 0/9 / /0873=35/ $5I 5 0 4 48 53=35/ 7
, * > - -:
- !/ 7 3 43 /8 9 7/ /7 ! 7 0 5 08 303 4 0/ 5 0 7/
34 / 53/ 73: 7 0 4 5/8/5 4 8 C /8 9 7/ /7 / 7 4 7 0 4
5 08 303 4 3 B/9 /5/ 7/03 4I 7/ 7 3 43 /8 9 7/ /7 4 0/ B/4 / 7
2 0 5 /7 3 /5/ 7/03 7 87/ 5 43 /
- 7 / 3 3 4 5/75 7/ 8/ / 7/ 4 5536 : / 7 B 03 6
- // 7 4 7 0 4 43 487/ /03 I / 0 4 0 3/ / 173434 4
0 4 4 8 43:7 373 / C/7 0 IJ@ ;
- // 7 4 7 0 4 4 487/ / I J 4 03 / 5 43 / :3 /0
7 4 = 5 4 7/ =34 /536 9 7/4 / 0/ /4 4 : 7/ 3 3 7/ 3C/I 9 5/ 4
0/ 1 0 ;
/ 4 53/ 5175 7 4 014 8 534 4I 7 C/7 8/ / 03 / 4 0/ 5 0

7 C/7 0/9
5
+ 4 4
= * )* + , > .
+β
= -* )* + , > -.
+β
5 @ 06 7 7/4 353 / 7 B 03 6
@ 0 0 3 53/ 7/ 4 5536 : / B 03 6 48 5 7 H
:/ 35 35
4 @ 06 7 7/4 353 / 7 /5 7 3 3 /7
4 @ 0 0 3 53/ 7 /5 7 3 3 /7 48 5 7 H :/ 35 35
@ 7/536 7 4 01230 4 0 0 4 :3 4 / 7/ 5/ / 8 0/ 0/9 / 4
9 7 01230 0 0 :3 / 7/ 5/ / /7 0/9 / M 43 08 8 43 3C
> & !) * + , ,.
!/ 434 53/ /23/7 0/9 / / 7 4 7 0 4 5 08 303 4 B 03 6 / 0/

430 35 4 48 5 /0: 4 H 4 8 3 538/7 4 4 : 1 0/ 5 0
@N )* + , , .
>
- // 7 0 45 / 0/ / 483 /7
[
= ; <* ; <*=5? ) − 4 . + =9 4 ] )* + , , -.
- // 7 0 4 5B/ 4
[
= ; <; ; <*=5? ) − 4 . + =9 4 ] )* + , , >.
@ 434 53/ /23/7 0/9 / /I 5 43 =7 236

@ 434 53/ /23/7 03 /7I 5 43 =7 236
=A5 @ 434 53/ 48 53=35/ / 7 B 03 6 / -< /4
@1 /: / 7/ 4 5536
4 @ 1 / /7 7/ / 0/ / 7 3 3 /7
=9 @ 436 =7 53/ 48 53=35/ / 7/ / 0/ /
N @ =/5 434 53/ ) * * , -.
, "! & ( & !) * + , *.
C /73 / / 173434 :/4 / 5 353 4 373: 3 9 5 08/ 3:373 /

= 0/53 4 8/ / =7 236 :3/23/7I 7 4 7 0 4 53 5 7/ 4 4 7353 / 4 / =7 236
:3/23/7 9 5 08 436 4 8 30 43 / 373 / 7/4 43 3 4 28 43 4
/8 230/ /4
- 3 7/ 5/ / /23/7 0/9 / / 4 0/9 3 /7 ; ; N =A5
= + − )* + , * .
49 2 9 N ;
43
; = ; <*=5? ) − 4 .+ 4 9 = )* + , * -.
- 3 7/ 5/ / /23/7 0/9 / / 4 0 ; ; N =A5
$2 $9
+ ≤ ; )* + , * >.
$2 $9
N @ =/5 434 53/ 8/ / 7 0 4 4 7353 / 4 / 5 08 436 /23/7

29 @ 434 53/ /23/7 0/9 / / =7 236 :3/23/7
2 @ 434 53/ /23/7 0/9 / / 03 / / 4 : 7/ :/4 7/ 25 353 / 9
4 7/ D 35/ 8 4
9 @ 434 53/ /23/7 0/9 / / 03 / / 4 : 7/ :/4 7/ 25 353 / 2
4 7/ D 35/ 8 4
@ = / /23/7 0/9 / / /8735/ /
$2 @ 0 0 0/9 / /8735/ 48 5 7 H &
,
$9 @ 0 0 0/9 / /8735/ 48 5 7 H
2 @ 25 353 / 7/ = / /23/7 0/9 / / /8735/ / 7/ 3 5536 &I 4 53 @
$9 K
9 @ 25 353 / 7/ = / /23/7 0/9 / / /8735/ / 7/ 3 5536 I 4 53 @
$2K
!/ 434 53/ /23/7 0/9 / / 2 9 9 4 : 1 0/ 0/9 7 8 5

7 =/5 434 53/ N 9 7/ 01230/ 434 53/ 03 /7 / 7/ 5 08 436 / /
8 7/4 5 /53 4 * + , , - 6 * + , , >I 4 D 5 48 /
* ! # O ) * + , G.
71 / /5 7 4 483 /7 4 9 5B 4 8 4 :35/ 4 # /4 4035/4

-I > 6 , : 1 4/ 34=/5 7 4 343 4 48 53=35/ 4 7 * ;
3 71 / / 0/ / 483 /7 9 5B 4 41 03 / / 8 343 4
34 E 4340 434 I 5 436 4 D * <I 3 343 4 0 30 4 4 D
* ; GI 7/ 7/536 7/ / 0/ / 483 /7 9 7 C 7 0 /7 7 D57
B 03 6 I 0 3 7/4 8/ 4 2 3 4 7 4 483 /7 4I : 1 4/ 34=/5
=5?
ρ 4 ≥ ; ,*) −. )* + , G .
5 =9B
@1 /: / 7/ 4 5536 B 03 6
5 @ 1 / 7 D57 0 3 / B/4 / 7 310 2 3 7 483 /7
=A5 @ 434 53/ 48 53=35/ / 7 B 03 6 / -< /4
=9B @ 436 =7 53/ 48 53=35/ / 7/ / 0/ / 483 /7
G $ ! ! $ $ $ (
) * ; G.
!/ / 0/ / / 4C 4/7 7 4 7 0 4 5 08 303 4 8 5 434 3 5B 4
4 3: 4 5 / 4
# 5B 4 4 :/ /4 /7/0: 734 5 = 0/ 310 0 30

P * 00 !/ 4 8/ /536 73: 7/4 :/ /4 7 5B : 1 4 0 -*
00 6 >> C 5 4 7 /0/E 01230 7 / / !/ 4 8/ /536 5 4
: 1 4 0/9 G C 5 4 7 310 7/4 :/ /4 7 3 3 /7 4 6 *; 00
7 / 57/H 7/4 / 0/ /4 = 0/ 5B 4 8 C 0 3/ * C 7 /4
/ 353 /7 4 :/ / /7/0: 5/ / 7 4 2 0 4 7 5B / / 7/4 # /4
4035/4 > 9 , 7/ 8 7 /536 7/ / 0/ / / 4C 4/7 B/53/ 7 4 7 0 45
4 5 5 / : 1 4/ 34=/5 7 4 343 4 7 * ; ,>
4 3: 4 5 / 4 4/1 5 43 3 48
/ /4 F ; 8/ / / /4 F >- 0 4I
/ /4 F > 8/ / / /4 F >G 0/9 4I 9
/ /4 F > 8/ / 8/ 4 :/ /4
!/ 4 8/ /536 7 4 4 3: 4 5 / 4 : 1 4 0/9 7/ 0
30 436 7 7 0 5 08 303 6 >; 50 3 B/9 4 014 :/ /4 0/9 4 /
*
:/ / F >- 348 4 /4 0 = 0/ 8/ I 7/ 4 8/ /536 : 14

0/9 7/ 03 / 7/ 0 30 436 7 7 0 6 * 50
7 / :/ /4 4 8 373 / /7/0: 5 = 0/ 0/77/ /7/0: 4 7 /
1 / 3C/7
/ / :/ / 7 3 3 /7 4 3 / 1 /8 9 7/ /7 8 C34 8 7/ 4 3 /
4 3: 5 1 7 3 0/9 >*Q 3 / :/ / : 1 4/ /
/ 34 / 53/ 0/9 G 50 / 4 /4 :/ /4 5 /8 9 7/ /7 3 7 34 E
7/ 5 7 0 / 4 :/4/ 7/ 5/8/53 / 7/536 8714 35/I 3 / :/ / 7 3 3 /7
4 / 1 / / 34 / 53/ 0/9 * 50 / 4 /4 :/ /4 5 /8 9 7/ /7
!/ 34 / 53/ C 35/7 7 4 3: 5 / 3 = 3 9 7/ /8/ / /8 9 9 7/
34 / 53/ C 35/7 7 4 3: 5 / 4 8 3 9 7/ / 0/ / B 3 /7 014 :/H/ 7
7 0 4 8 / : 1 4 0 4 7/ 03 / 7/ 4 8/ /536
4 3: 4
+ $ !" ( $ $ R S ! $ ) , * > - -:.
! 40 0 4 43 4 0/9 / 4 4 8 3 5 0 / 8/ / =7 H 7 4
= 5 4 7/4 = 0/53 4 7/ 43 3 0/ /
$5 = δ : $-: + δ 4 $-4 ), * > - -: .
=5 = δ : =-: + δ 4 =-4 ), * > - -: -.
43
0
δ: = ≥ ; ), * > - -: >.
−
N
δ4 = ≥ ; ), * > - -: ,.
Σ
−
NΣ
@ 5/ / /23/7 0/9 / /
@ 5/ / 8/ 7
N @ =/5 434 53/ 8/ / 5 08 436 /23/7 ) * * , -.
$-:@ 0 0 7 7 0 5 08 303 :3 / 7/4 5/ /4 /C3 / 3/4 0/9 / /4
8 C 5/ 487/ /03 7/ /7 /8 53/:7 5/75 7/ 0 3/ / 173434
86 35 714 35 5 C 53 /7 8 30 I 43 08 8 43 3C
=-: @ 436 5 48 3 / $-:
$-4@ 0 0 7 0 5 08 303 :3 / 5/ /4 7/ /7 4 /C3 / 3/4
0/9 / /4 8 C 5/ 487/ /03 7/ /7I I 0/9 ! K *;;I
5/75 7/ 0 3/ / 173434 86 35 714 35 5 C 53 /7 8 30 I
43 08 8 43 3C
=-4 @ 436 5 48 3 / $-4
G
/ / 5 7 0 /4 5 08 4 /4 /5 KB 03 6 7/ 5/ / 8/ 7 I I4
: 1 03 / 5 0 4 48 53=35/ GP* // 47 4 014 5/4 4
4 : 1 0/ 5 0
π-
= ), * > - -: *.
)J! .-
! @7 3 /8 9/ / 7 0 5 08 303
J @ =/5 7 3 = 5 3C/ 5 0 4 48 53=35/ ,G-*
@ 06 7 7/4 353 /
@0 0 3 53/ 48 5 7 H 5 43 /
// 7 4 7 0 4 5 08 303 4 B 03 6 /0:3 4 : 1 /8735/ 7 4

343 4 7 *+,>
// 7 4 7 0 4 / 3 4 / 4 5 / 7 487/ /03 7/ /7I 4 4 : 1
0/ 5 0 ; / 0 4 / 173434 3 3 4 8 373 / C/7 0
// 7 4 7 0 4 / 3 4 / 4 5 / 7 487/ /03 7/ /7I : 4 : 1
03 / 5 0 8/ / 7 0 / 3 4 / 9 4 5 0 8/ / 7 0
/ 3 4 /
// 7 4 7 0 4 / 3 4 / 4 5 / 7 487/ /03 7/ /7 9 43 5/ /4
/ 4C 4/7 4 /8 9 4I 0 4 8 0/ 5 0
$:
0 = ; G+; , ≥;, ), * > - -: G.
$-:
$:@0 0 0 2 0
$-: @ 0/9 0 0 2 0
!/ 7/536 $ : K $-: 4 5 43 / 8 43 3C/ 43 7 5 08 4 =7 23 / 5 /

D 35/ 5 C/ / 9 / 3C 43 4 =7 23 / :7 5 C/ /
// 4 7 4 014 5/4 4 0 4 : 1 0/ 5 0 ;
7/4 4 5 /4 4 1 / 3 4 / /4 5 / 7 487/ /03 7/ /7I 7 4
7 0 4 =7 23 / 4 9 3 / 4 7/ = /536 = 0/ 86 35 4 5 7 7 0
5 08 303 4 : 1 34 E/ 8/ / 7/ 4 0/ 3/ 7 4 0 0 4 2 0 7
7 0 5 08 303 7/ 36
3 7 4 7 0 4 5 08 303 4 4 1 4 H 4 / =7 236 48 5 /0: 4 H 4
8 3 538/7 4I 7 0 0 48 5 5/ / H 4 : 1 /0873=35/ /8735/ I
03 / / 8/ 3 7/4 5 48 3 4 5 353 4 4 35536 48 5
35B H
3 8 7 0 4 5 08 303 4 3C 7 5 08 5/:/77 I 43
41 5 5/ 4 0/ / 3 /7 / 7/ 0340/ 4 8 4 5 /I 9 434 7
487/ /03 7/ /7 7/ 4 5 / 5 7 5 3C/0 I 7 C/7 4 4 : 1 5/75 7/
8/ / 7 8 7 0 4 5 9 3 /7 / 7/4 4 0/ 3/4 8/ / /4 7/4
5 7 0 /4 7 8
+
< " ! R " IJ) , G - *.
!/4 7 3 4 = 435/4 7/4 5 7 0 /4 4 : 1 0 7 38735/ 8 =/5

7 3 = 5 3C/I JI 8/ / 0/ 5 / 5 353 4 : /53 /7 4 9
/47/53 /7 4 3= 4 / 7/4 5 48 3 4 / 2 0 4 / 35 7/ 4
/ 4 53/ / 173434 014 =3 / I 43 B/9 4 /:373 / 7/ /7 8 / 3 4 /03

3/ /7 4 0 3 4 / 5 / 4I 7 =/5 7 3 = 5 3C/ 7 87/
/ 3 4 / I JI 8/ / 7 4 7 0 4 5 08 303 4 5 5B/4 3/ 7/ /4I 5 5B/4 9
86 35 4 4 8 0/ 5 0
- //5 23 4 /: 7 / 4 4 7 / /4 /0: 4 2 0 4 J @ ; +*
- //5 23 4 / 35 7/ /4 /0: 4 2 0 4 J @ ; <+*
!/4 5 5B/4 C3 74 : 1 / / 5 0 86 35 4 / 3 4 / 4
!/ 4 /:373 / 7/ /7 7/4 5 7 0 /4 86 35 4 5 3 4I / 3 4 / 4 8
36 / 0 4 5 / I / 3 4 /03 3/ /7 4 5 /4 / 9/5 4I 8
7/ 3 3 =7 23 /7 7/4 C3 /4 3 /0 5 5 / /4 7 / I 7 =/5
7 3 = 5 3C/I JI 4 = 536 7/ 4 35536 =7 23 /7 /7 /8 / 7/4 C3 /4
7 4 2 0 4 7/ 5 7 0 / 3 7/ 3 3 7/4 C3 /4 4 8 E/ 7/536 5 7/
7/ 5 7 0 /I 7 C/7 J8 / 4 0/9 -;
8 3 467 B/9 /5536 714 35/ 9 /4 7/4 5 7 0 /4 8/ /
430 7 1 /0 86 35 / 3 4 / I4 8 0 4 /
<
-
π π
R / R: − >G
J J
= ) ,G-* .
G )R / + R : . π
/
J
! 44 : 35 4 / 9 : 4 =3 /7 4 4 2 0 4 7/ 5 7 0 /I 43
5
Σ
!5
R= ) , G - * -.
Σ
!
@ 4 0/ 3/ 7/4 8 83 / 4 7 4 5 08 4 5 5/ 4 3 /0 /
2 0 7/ 5 7 0 / 7 87/ =7 236
5 @0 0 3 53/ 7/ 5 7 0 /
!5 @ 7 3 / 3 4 / / 7/ 5 7 0 /
@0 0 3 53/ 7/ C3 / 7 0 8 C 4 35536
! @7 3 /8 9/ / 7/ C3 / 9 7 0 8 C 4 35536
J @ =/5 7 3 = 5 3C/ 8/ / 7/ 5 7 0 / 5 43 / /
!/ "3 / 4 / 8 4 /536 1=35/ 7/ 7/536 JI R/ 9 R:I 9 4

8 373 / 8/ / : 7 4 C/7 4 J = 0/ 3 5 /
!/ 5 /536 9 7 0 /0/ 7/ "3 / 4 :/4/ 7/ B386 434
5 353 4 3 /73 / /4
P
;
! $
! $ 34 E/ 7 837/ 5 /7 8 :35/ / / 4 4035/I
5 43 3 8 4 5 7 0 /4 53 5 7/ 4 9 / C3 / /C 4/E 5 / 7/ 373 / =A5@
- ; U K50V 9 =9@ ,-;; U K50V 8 534/ 7 4 4= 4 5 35 4
3 /
$ @ ,* 0 ) 4 / 434 53/ .
$ @ W >< 0 ) 4 / 434 53/ .
$4 @ P* 0 ) 4 / C353 .
@ -;; ) 4 / 434 53/ .
7 0 /) 4/ 434 53/ .
@ >*;
7/ 7 6 35 3 / 4C 4/7
$ @ P; 0 $ @ >* 0
$ @ > 0 $ @ ; 0
3 / ;;0 2 ;;0
;;
;;
7 0 /4
N ; P;0 N ; P;0 G ;;0
#/8/ /4
7 536
. X ! R ! (
. 5 3 =7 236
4 3: 4 N *K<T
PN T
5536 8 8 4 / ;;
8/ / $ @ ,* 0
9 $ @W >< 0 PN T
;;
!
@ 5 W N 4 W NK-
@ * ; 50 W *P 50 W )- *,K-. 50 @ + <G 50
@ ;; 50 S + <G 50 @ P- , 50
4 @ P N Y @ P 2 * ; 50V @ ,* P; 50V
=
4 9
/= )* + > ,.
; <* =5? :
,* P; 2 ,-;;
/= = ; <; 50
; <* 2 - ; 2 ;;
/
$ = 4 N =9 ) − . )* + > - - .
-
; <;
$ = ; P),* P;.),-;;.)P- , − . = *; *; − 0
-
! $ @ *; *; 0 Z $ ) . @ ,* 0 J[
Z $ )W.@ >< 0 J[
-. 4 01230 ) *+>> .
/ 4 5536 4 : = / / 5 087 5 5K \ ; ,-
0
5 @ / K β @ ; <; K ; <* @ - + 50
@ P- , 50
5 K @ ; , \ ; ,- J[
>. 4 0 30 ) * + > > -.
!/ 5/ 3 / /5 8 8 53 / : 4 5/8/ 434 3 7 0 C/7

-$5 9 >>$
/. -$5 @ -= @ -)-P > U K50-.) GGIGG+ 50>. @ *< -G 0
3
= = ; G> =5? $ / = - ; =5? U K 50- = - ; - ; = -P > U K 50-
@ :B-KG @ ;;) ;;.-KG @ GGIGG+ 50>
:. >> $ @ >>) ,* 0. @ P- <* 0
7 0 C/7 4 *< >- 0 9 7/ 5/ 3 / /5 8 8 4 / ),* P; 50-.

434 $ @ *; *; 0 Z *< -G 0 J[
-
,. !303 /536 7/ =34 /536 0 3/ 34 3: 536 7/ / 0/ / ) 4/ 7 03

C353 . ) * + > ,.
4= 01230 7 /5
#
=4/ = ≤ ; G=9 )* + > , .
) 5 . K>
/ / 7 /5 / 3C
N :
5 = 5 : + N 4 3: +
≤ * 50 ) * + > ,. - 5
- *, 5
5 = *50 + *P50 + 50
≤ * 50 - ;; 50
5 @ *50 W -+50 @ G -+50
: @ / 5B 7/ C3 / @ ;; 50
: @ D0 C/ 377/4 @ P ;; 50
)- .: )-2G -+50.) ;;.

= 5
= = >P >> 50- ) * + > ,.
: P
# @ >;I;;; K00 )5 3536 28 43536 0 / /. ) * + > ,.

@ >;I*P J K50
>;I*P U K 50
=4/ = = >I-;; U K 50-
)G -+50 2 >P >>50- . K >
=4/ ≤ ; G),-;;U K 50- . = -I*-; U K 50-
=4/ = -I*-; U K 50-
4= 7 /5 :/H 5/ /4 4 C353
$4 5
=4 =
$4@ P*2 ;* U 50
4 @-;;I;;; $ / @ -A;>PI,;; U K50- )* , > -.
5 = *I>,, =5? = *I>,, - ; = ---I >*G U K 50- )* , - , .

>
4 -?;>PI,;; U K 50-
= = =P
5 ---I>*G U K 50-
4
@ 4 @ , > ; 50V
)=4 K .
+ <G )W.
5@P- , 9
P- , ;; 50
9
).
= ?5
;; 50
% / /5 / 4= 0/ /
4 @ 7/536 0 7/ 2 1 / /5
4 @ P),* P; 50-. @ , > ; 50-
$ 0 4 48 5 7 H 8/ / 03 / 9
;;9 )9K-. @ , > ; )P- , 9.
9 @ -> ++ 50
53/ 48 5 7 H 4 5536 / 4= 0/ /
:9 >
= 4 ) 4 − 9 .- +
>
;; )-> ++. >
= , > ; )P- , − 9 .- +
>
@ -A>+<IGP+ 50,
5@ P- , 50 S -> ++ 50 @ G< >+ 50
!
$4 5 P* 2 ;* 2 G< >+
=4 = = 2 P = -I,*+ U K 50-
-? >+<I GP+
=4 = -I ,*+ U K 50- < =4/ = -I *-; U K 50- J[
*. 0/ / 5 /5536 9 08 / / 5/ /4 7/ /7 4 ) * ; <.
4 08 = ; +*G ^ ] )* ; < - .
"9
4 08 = ; ;; < ^$J I 5 =9 = ,-;; U K 50- ]

,
4 08 = ; ;; <2 ;;2 ;; = < ; 50-
4 08 = P ; 50- K 5/ /
4/ 0 4 8 5/ / - N >K,YW - N *K<Y )P G< 50-. I 5 7/ 5 43 /536
4 012 = > = > ) ;;. = >;; 50 9 4 012 = ,* 50 J[
PN T
-N >K,T
-N >K,T W -N *K<T ;; 50
W -N *K<T
PN T
;; 50
G. 0/ / 4 8 =353/7 8/ / 7303 / 7/ =34 /536 7 /70/ ) * + > ,.
// Z P; 50
4 + 84
4U ≥ ; ;; ) − +G;. ≤ )* + > , ,.
-;;
4 @1 / 7/ / 0/ / /5536 @ P2* ;50V @ ,* P50V @ ,*P; 00V

8 @1 / 7 /5 8 4= @;
,*P; 00-
4U ≥ ; ;; )P- , − +G;. ≤
-;; 00
00- 00-
4U ≥; G ≤ > <-*
00 /7 / 00
50-
4U ≥;; G
50 /7 /
4U 3 8 5/ /
50-
4U =;; G 2 ;;50 = G 50-
50 /7 /
03 34 / - N >K,YW - N *K<Y @P G< 50- Z G 50V J[

*
+. 34 E 8
/ /5 / @ -;;I;;; U
/ 434 @N )* < - -.
N@;P )* * , -.
@ 5W 4W 8 )* < > > .

43 70
@ ; -*=A5:C : W 8 )* < > > -.
/ 434 5 5 5 = ; ;<>β =5? : C C ^ ] )* < > > >.

8/ / @- ) * < > ,. 5 = ; *> =5? : C C ^U ]
=
C 9 C )5 +5 .4
/ 434 /5 4 = )* < > > ,.
4
5 @ ,*Q ) * < > ,. C =9 C

@ P;Q )1 7 3 573 /536 7 4 3: . 4 =
4
/ 434 5 5 ) 5.
5 = ; ;<>β =5? : C C ^ ] = ; *> =5? : C C ^U ] = ; *> - ; ) ;; 2<G +,.
5 @ GGIG-; U
43
:C @ / 5B 7/ C3 /@ ;; 50
/ ; <;
C = − = P- , − = <G +, 50
- -
0 7 0/9 C/7 ;P @ ; P)P- , 50. @ <- P> 50 J[
; +-B @ ; +-) ;; 50. @ +- 50
/ 434 7 /5
=
C 9 C )5 +5 .4 =
C 9 C <),-;;.)<G +,.
4 = = = = GGI *, U
4 4 +*
4 3: 4 , /0/4 N *K<T
G
C @ , 2 - ;; 50V @ < 50V )/4 03 , /0/4 N *K<Y.

4 @ + * 50 ) 48/53/03 /4 03 4 3: 4.
@ ,*Q )4 5536 8 4= / /. )* < > ,.
@ P;Q )1 7 3 573 /536 7 4 3: .
/ 03 /7 434
70 C/7 @ GGIG-; U W GGI*, U W ; @ ->>I G U

@ ; -* 2 - ; 2 ;; 2 <G +, W ; @ ,**I><* U
! @ ->>I G U
/ 434 /7
@N @ ; P)->>I G U . @ -;PI<,* U Z -;;I;;; J J[
= / 4C 4/7 0 30
:C 4
C ≥ ; ;<> =5? ^00- ] )* < - * .
=9
:C4
= C ≥ ; -+ =5? ^50- ]
=9
;;) + *.
C ≥ ; -+ - ; 50-
,-;;
C0 = G> 50V < < ;; 50V J[
48/53/03 01230 7 = / 4C 4/7 ) * < - +.
−φ 8
C = )* < - P .
φ: C C
-;;I;;;
C = = = -* G- U K 50V
φ: C C ; P) ;;.)<G +,.
/0:3
43 C L ; -*=A5 4012@ ; < C G; 50 )* < - + .
43 C ; -*=A5 4012@ ; , C >; 50 )* < - + -.
0 C @ -* G- U K50V L ; -*)- ; U K50V. @ -G -* U K50V
4012@ ; < C @ ; <)<G +, 50.@ GP >P 50
4012@ G; 50
! 4 @ + * 50 L 4012@ G; 50 J[
+
. X ! $
7 0 /8 8 4/
-N T
4 3: 4 N>K<T _ ; >; 0
; P; 0
310 5 7 0 / @ P; 50
π)P;.-
= = GI>G- 50-
,
@ 5 : 303 @ * 50 ) /:7/ * - > .
4 @ -)* ; 50V. @ G - 50V
8 4/ 4 3: 4 5 / 4 N >K< _ ; >; 0 ) * ; G >.
. = 01230 03 0: 4 / 5 08 436
4
=
84 8
+ ≤ ; ;< )* + , - .
=9
4 G - 50-
≤ ; ;< → = ; ;;PG < ; ;< J[
G>G- 50-
-. = 0 30 03 0: 4 / 5 08 436
4 9 = 84 8 =
?
+ ≥ ; >* )* + , - >.
5 = =5?
4 9 = G - 2 ,-;;
?
≥ ; >* → = ; P- > ; >* J [
5 = G>G- 2 - ;
>. 4: 7
7 87/ 7 86 35 ) / 3 4 / .
<
J! -)G;;.
= = >- > -- → 5 7 0 / 4: 7 / )* + , >.
-- *
J @ - ) /:7/ , G - * .
! @ G;; 50
@ K, @ P; 50K, @ -- * 50
87/ / 4C 4/7 /7 86 35 ) / 3 4 / .
J! - )G;;.
= = *G > -- → 5 7 0 / 4: 7 / )* + , >.
-- *
J@- ) /:7/ , G - * .
! @ G;; 50
@ K, @ P; 50K, @ -- * 50
,. /8/53 /
/. 7 87/ 7 86 35
$58 = δ : $-: + δ 4 $-4 ), * > - -: .

43
0
δ: = ≥ ; ), * > - -: >.
−
N
δ4 = ≥ ; ), * > - -: ,.
Σ
−
NΣ
175 7 :
0 @ ;
@ >*;
N @ ; +* ) * * , -.
P
π-
= ), * > - -: *.
)J! .-
J @ -
! @ G;;50
@ 7 0/9 C/7
5
+ 4 4
= * )* + , > .
+β
= -* )* + , > -.
+β
43087 3 48 5536 I 48 53/ 4 4 I 7 0/9 C/7 4
5
---I >*G )>? --;I G->.
= -* = = - *;,2 ; U − 50-
+β - * ) + ; ,,.
5 = *I>,, =5? = *I>,, - ; = ---I >*G U K 50- )* , - , .

π , π)P;. ,
= = = >? --;I G-> 50 ,
G, G,
$ > −0
β = = = ; ,,
$ P; − 0
π- π- )- *;,2 ; .
= = = ,I +G+
)J! .- ) -2G;;.-
0 ;
δ: = = = ≥ ;
>*;
− −
N ; +* ),I +G+ .
175 7 4
δ4 = ≥ ; ), * > - -: ,.
Σ
−
NΣ
4/ 9 8 43087353 / I C 9 I 0 4
-;
δ4 = ≥ ;
!
$58 = δ : $-: + δ 4 $-4 = )$-: + $-4 . = )P; . = PP P −0
:. 87/ / 4C 4/7
$58 = δ : $-: + δ 4 $-4 ), * > - -: .

43
0
δ: = ≥ ; ), * > - -: >.
−
N
δ4 = ≥ ; ), * > - -: ,.
Σ
−
NΣ
175 7 :
0 @ ;
@ >*;
N @ ; +*
π-
= ), * > - -: *.
)J! .-
J @-
! @ G;;50
@ 7 0/9 C/7
5
+ 4 4
= * )* + , > .
+β
= -* )* + , > -.
+β
43087 3 48 5536 I 48 53/ 4 4 I 7 0/9 C/7 4
5
---I >*G )>? --;I G->.
= -* = = - --+2 ; U − 50-
+β - * ) + ; -<G.
5 = ---I >*G U K 50-

5 = >? --;I G-> 50 ,
$ ; −0
β = = = ; -<G
$ >* − 0
-
π- π- )- --+2 ; .
= = = I ><, ), * > - -: *.
)J! .- )- 2G;;.-
0
δ: = ≥ ; ), * > - -: >.
−
N
;
δ: = = * ≥ ;
>*;
−
; +* ) I ><, .
175 7 4
δ4 = ≥ ; ), * > - -: ,.
Σ
−
NΣ
4/ 9 8 43087353 / I C 9 I 0 4
δ4 = * ≥ ;
$5 = δ : $-: + δ 4 $-4 ), * > - -: .
$5 = * )$-: + $-4 . = * )>* . = *- <* − 0
70 0 5 0:3 / 4
$ = $-58 + $-5 = PP P- + *- <*- = > ;- − 0

= >*;
3/ /0/ 3 /5536 7/ 5 7 0 / 53 5 7/
43 /
-
− 3 ; =5? > →N=− +;P ) * * , -.
=5?
− 3 ; =5? < → N = ; +*
; =A5 @ ; )- ; U K50V.)G>G- 50V. @ >> G;

--
3 7 4 43 3 4 4 7/ 4 = 0/ 1=35/ 9 /: 7/ /
) . $ ) 0. ) . $ ) 0.
<-< PG G> ;- >,G P < <
+P -P + PP -PG +> G ,
+, <> <- -P -,+ -< - +
GP- >< P; PG P+ <- ;G ,G
G,- P- P< >; ,< >+ PP ;
*P> ,+ ;, ,- ; +P ;>
*,, ; ;P - *P , G *P
,P, ** > ;< < -P ,- >-
,,* ; G ;, ++ ,> - -
>P* G, < -P -> >+ ;
0 4 /8 53/ 7 3/ /0/ 3 /5536 7/ 5 7 0 / 53 5 7/ I = >*; I 9

$ = > ;- − 0 I 4 1 7/ / 434 53/ 8 7 7/ 8 8 4 /
/5 9 0 / 7/ 4 5536 4 / 5 / 4
175 7 4 3: 4
373 / 1 4 3: 4 5 / 4 N >K<Y _ ; >; = 0/ 5B I 34 3: 536

5 087 5 4 0/9 7/ 0 30 436 7/ 5 7 0 / 3 >; 50
) * ; G >.
$ !% &! '
& (
") " * +) ,*" - )" ./ -*0 1+*," )" 2" *",*0 -+ )",*0
" " ," " 302*) * " *" -/)" 1 - - " - , " - , "-
*- - 1 *,"- - ./ -" , 3 ) "- , "-4 - , "- 5*/ - 1 *,"- , 3 , 2"-
, * ",*0 2 3 - 3 , - ,,*0 ) "- * +) ,*" 2* "-
' 6
"7 ! " +) ,*" )" ",,*0 ) "/ 8
" !
3" , 3 * ," -*" ) / 9 / -*,* "3 - " ," " 302*)

* " *" - )" 2* " /" " 3* " )"- ./ -* -$
" " ) "3 :;< # < !7
3" 3 3 - $
:! 7 − ::! − #7 = ;
!−#
! $ =
!
" " ) "3 : " < # < ;7
" !
3" 3 3 - $
:! 7 − ::! − #7 = ;
!−#
! $ =
!
=
" " ) "3 :! < # < !> 7
" !
3" 3 3 - $
:! 7 + : # − ! 7 = ;
!−#
! $ =
!
!" ) " * +) ,*" )" ",,*0 ) "/ 8 , -- ./ -" , 3 )"

!−#
," = 9 , 8" 1+*," - 3 - "$
!
" !
!>" >
!
>
!
!
>
!>
>
!
" !
!
7 ! " +) ,*" )" ",,*0 ) "/ 8
) 3*-3 3 9 3" , 3 * ," -*" )/ 9 / -*,* "3 - )"

," " 302*) * " *" - )" 2* " /" " 3* " )"- ./ -* -$
" " ) "3 :;< # < !7
#
3" 3 3 - $ =
!
" " ) "3 : " < # < ;7
#
3" 3 3 - $ =
!
?
" " ) "3 :! < # < !> 7
#
3" 3 3 - $ =
!
!" ) " * +) ,*" )" ",,*0 ) "/ 8 - ./ -" , 3 )" ,"

#
= 9 )" 3*-3" - 3 - " ) 1+*, / ,
!
,7 ! " +) ,*" ), " )" - ,,*0
" " ) "3 : " < # < 37
!−# #
= − = − =−
! !
" " ) "3 :3 < # < !> 7
!−#
= =
!
!" ) " * +) ,*" ) , " )" - ,,*0 - ./ -" , 3 ) 1 "

)*3* " " / - , "- /" ") )"- -,* * "- /"-" / ) - "/ 8 -
8 , 3 - 3 - " ) 1+*, $
3
" !
>
!
>"
! >
!
3 !
!
7 ! " +) ,*" )3 3 +) , )" - ,,*0
" " ) "3 : " < # < 37
@ = :37 − :3 − .7 = : 7
#
@ =
!
A
" " ) "3 :3 < # < !> 7
!−#
@ = :37 = : 73
!
!" ) " * +) ,*" ) 3 3 +) , )" - ,,*0 - ./ -"

1+*,"3 , 3 $
3
" !
> 3
!
>
! @
3
"
!
!
B
H @ ! )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* ) 3 3 +) , *)* " -

) " * +) ,*"
D
= C3
A3 E3
?3 ;3 =3
) ,*0
-/ - , - * )" ) " * +) ,*" )3 3 +) , )" - ,,*0 9 /" " )"-

," "- " "- 3 -$
D
= C3
A3 E3
?3 ;3 =3
>A:E7 F= A3
;
>
! @
A:=7
?:E7F F ; G3
G3 ;
;
@ == C36 " +D : [ ] " "7
@ = = C 3[− I . G3 . ?3] + D : += A37 = − E =; − 3

E
= ' J 6
/)*,"3 - ) / * ,*/* @K)) -)" +* -* " ",,*0 + "* "

", L" " ) )" -/)" "3* / ,* 9 ) / +*) + 3" -9 " ,* "
-,")"9 )" ) " * +) ,*" /" " )" ",,*0 /" *, )" + "* "
H @ ! = )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" )" ",,*0 )

"/ 8
E3 A3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 ./ -"3 - )" ",,*0 ) "/ 8 , 3 "+ " . " & /" "
) -* * 3 ) $
# &
E3 A3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
" >
" &
E3 A3 E3 A3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
3 - /)" " )" -* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;

M
3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7

& =−
! $
" + " :− 7=;
"
=
"
- ,* )" ) " * +) ,*" )" ",,*0 ) "/ 8 - / / ,* ") " )"

, ",*0 )" )1- *," " , 3 ) - P")" ) / * ,*/* @K)) -)"
,7 "" ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
" "
;A ;E
E3 A3
' H ' $
=A
#
: ; #7; E
>
N N
; A# = N GC?
M= AG N
N
: ; #7
3" 3 3 - R$
R : ;7 M =:E7 A G:GC?7 F ;
R FBE
3 R > R F =
R FEA
1), ) " $
" : 7 = @ N = B E:E7 − M =:=7 = D =

G
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < E7$
#
" : 7= N# − #:; A#7
= ?
;= ?
" : 7 = B E# − #
?
"3 :E < # < ;7$
3" 3 3 - 5",*" )" ,5"$
: ; − #7
" : 7= N: ; − #7 − : ; − #7: ; − #7; E
= ?
" : 7 = E A: ; − #7 − ; : ; − #7 ?
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 3 -$
" )",*0 2") -$

"3 :; < # < E7$ # :37
; ;
;= ?
= :B E# − # 7 ; =GD
D= ?
= ; BBE
? ; MG
"3 :E < # < ;7$
A ; DAA
B ;=A
=
D=
[E A: ; − #7 − ; : ; − #7 ? ] E ;;;
M ; GBD
G ; E=B
D ; ?=G
; ;
' 1+*,"$
D
H @ ! ? )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" )" ",,*0 )

"/ 8
E3 A3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 ./ -"3 - )" ",,*0 ) "/ 8 , 3 "+ " . " & /" "
) -* * 3 ) $
# &
E3 A3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
# &
"
>
" &
E3 A3 E3 A3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
3 - /)" " )" -* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;

3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7
& =−
! $ " + " :− 7=;
"
=
"
;
,7 "" ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
"
"
E3 A3
' H ' $
# : ; #7
= G
= GC?
N N N @
N
=# : ; #7 N
N
? A
3" 3 3 - )" " *, )",*0 R$
R :E7 > =:=7 F ;
R F A
3 R > R > =; F ;
R F E
"3 * $
@RF R : ;7 > =:E7 > G:GC?7
@ R F B? ??
1), ) " $
" : 7 = @ N = B? ??
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < E7$
= #
" : 7= N : #7 + #: #7
= ? ?
" : 7 = −A# + #?
D
"3 :E < # < ;7$
3" 3 3 - " )" ,5"$
: ; − #7= : ; − #7
" : 7=@ N + + N: ; − #7
= ?
: ; − #7 ?
" : 7 = B? ?? + − E : ; − #7
E
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 3 -$
" )",*0 2") -$

"3 :; < # < E7$ # :37
; ;
#? ; ;M?
= − A# +
B? ?? D = ; ??
? ; ED
"3 :E < # < ;7$ A ; EM
B ; B
= B? ?? + : ; − #7 ? − E: ; − #7 E ;
B? ?? E
M ; GA
G ; A=B
D ; M;?
;
' 1+*,"$
=
H @ ! A )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" ) 3 3

+) , )" - ,,*0
?3 B3 B3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 !* "3 - ") / )" 2* " - ,"/",* " +) .*0 * - ")" " 0 )"
, 3 - 3 - " - 3*-3 ./ -"3 - )" +) .*0 )* " " - / , 3
3 3 . & /" " ) -* * 3 ) $
#
& &
?3 B3 B3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
# " "
>
&
?3 B3 B3 ?3 B3 B3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
+ ,*0 ) 1 ) " - ) / * +) .*0 9 / 3 -

/)" " )" -* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;

3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7
& =@
! $ " + " :@ 7 = ;
- ,* $
"
@ =−
"
?
,7 "" @ ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
#
"
"
?3 B3 B3
' H ' $
=
= =:E #7
=# ?
? >
N N N
? N ?
N N N
? B B
# :E #7
:A B #7
3" 3 3 - )" " *, )",*0 R9 " )" * * "$
R :?7 ?: 7 F ;
R F
3" 3 3 - ) "/ 8 R$
R :E7 > R : B7 ?:A7 ?:=7 F ;
R FG
3 R > R > R FE
R F ?
1), ) " $
" : 7= N =G
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < ?7$
= #
" : 7= N : #7 − #: #7
= ? ?
?
" : 7= #− #
D
A
"3 :? < # < A B7$
3" 3 3 - " )" ,5"$
=
" : 7 = :A B − #7 N + :E − # 7 N − :E − #7 :E − #7 :E − #7
= ? ?
:E − #7 ?
" : 7 = G:A B − #7 − ?:E − #7 −
D
"3 :A B < # < E7$
3" 3 3 - " )" ,5"$
:E − #7?
" : 7= N :E − #7 −
D
:E − #7 ?
" : 7 = −?:E − #7 −
D
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 @ 3 -$
" )",*0 2") -$

"3 :; < # < ?7$
# :37 @
#? ; ;
@ =− #−
G D ; MB ; ;GG
B; ; A
"3 :? < # < A B7$ = =B ; =?
? ;; ;
@ =− G:A B − #7 − ?:E − #7 − :E − #7 ? ? MB ; =B=
G D
A B; ; E;D
B =B ; =GM
"3 :A B < # < E7$
E ;; ;
@ = ?:E − #7 + :E − #7 ?
G D
' 1+*,"$
B
H @ ! B )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" ) 3 3

+) , ) "/ 8
?3 ?3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 !* "3 - ") "/ 8 )" 2* " - ,"/",* " +) .*0 * - ")" " 0 )"
, 3 - 3 - " - 3*-3 ./ -"3 - )" +) .*0 )* " " - / , 3
3 3 . & /" " ) -* * 3 ) $
#
& &
?3 ?3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
#
"
> "
&
?3 ?3 ?3 ?3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
+ ,*0 ) 1 ) " - ) / * +) .*0 9 / 3 -

/)" " )" -* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;
3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7

& =@
E
! $ " + " :@ 7 = ;
- ,* $
"
@ =−
"
,7 "" @ ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
#
" "
?3 ?3
' H ' $
# >
# :E #7
? B > B ?
N N N
? ?
N N :E #7 N
3" 3 3 - )" " *, )",*0 R9 " )" * * "$
R :?7 S B: 7 F ;
R F;B
3" 3 3 - )" " *, )",*0 R9 " )" ,5"$
R F;B
3 R > R > R F?
R F=
1), ) " $
" : 7= N==
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < ?7$
#
" : 7= N : #7 − #: #7
= ? ?
M
" : 7 = ; B# − #?
G
"3 :? < # < E7$
3" 3 3 - " )" ,5"$
" : 7= N :E − #7 − :E − #7 :E − # 7 :E − #7
= ? ?
:E − #7 ?
" : 7 = ; B:E − #7 −
G
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 @ 3 -$
" )",*0 2") -$

"3 :; < # < ?7$
# :37 @
#? ; ;
@ = − ; B# −
= G ; MB ; ME
B; ; =G
"3 :? < # < E7$ = =B ; =AE
? ;; ;
@ =− ; B:E − #7 − :E − #7? ? MB ; =AE
= G A B; ; =G
B =B ; ME
E ;; ;
' 1+*,"$
G
H @ ! E )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" ), " )"

- ,,*0
#
B3 B3 ?3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 )" 2* " )* "3 - " )" - ,,*0 - ,"/",* " , /" " ./ -" )"
, 3 )"- + "- . "- & 8 "- ) -* * 3 ) $
#
&
&
B3 B3 ?3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
"
"
>
&
B3 B3 ?3 B3 B3 ?3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
+ ,*0 ) -/)" "3* / - ), 9/ 3 - /)" " )"

-* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;
3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7

& =
! $ " +" : 7=;

D
- ,* $
"
=−
"
,7 "" ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
B
"
"
B
F
B3 B3 ?3
' H ' $
# @ F>?
# :E #7
>
N N N
@ N AB AB
N
B3 B3 ?3
N
:E #7 N
3" 3 3 - )" " *, )",*0 R9 " )" ,5"$
R :?7 S A B: 7 F ;
R F B
J",* - 3" *" + "- 2 *,") -$
R > R FD
R FMB
3" 3 3 - ) "/ 8 R$
R :E7 @ R S A B:A7 S A B:=7 F ;
@RF G
1), ) " $
" : 7=@ N = G
=;
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < B7$
#
" : 7= N : #7 − #: #7
= ?
" : 7 = M B# − #?
E
"3 : B < # < ?7$
#?
" : 7= N : #7 − −@ N
E
#?
" : 7 = M B# − − G
E
"3 :? < # < E7$
3" 3 3 - " )" ,5"$
:E − #7= :E − #7
" : 7= N :E − #7 −
= ?
" : 7= B:E − #7 − :E − #7 ?
E
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 3 -$
" )",*0 2") -$

"3 :; < # < B7$
# :37
#? ; ;
=− M B# −
G E ; MB ; ?;D
B; ; BDAC; A;E
"3 : B < # < ?7$ = =B ; EG
? ;; ;
#? ? MB ; ;G=
=− M B# − − G
G E A B; ; ;DA
B =B ; ;BD
"3 :? < # < E7$ E ;; ;
=− B:E − #7 − :E − #7 ?
G E
' 1+*,"$
=
H @ ! M )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" ) 3 3

+) , )" - ,,*0
B3 B3 ?3 ?3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 !* "3 - " )" - ,,*0 )" 2* " - ,"/",* " +) .*0 * - ")" "
0 )" , 3 - 3 - " - 3*-3 ./ -"3 - )" +) .*0 )* " " - /
, 3 3 3 . & /" " ) -* * 3 ) $
#
& &
B3 B3 ?3 ?3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
" "
>
&
B3 B3 ?3 ?3 B3 B3 ?3 ?3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
+ ,*0 )1 ) " - " )" + 3" " )/ * +) .*0 9

/ 3 - /)" " )" -* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;
3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7

& =@
! $ " + " :@ 7 = ;
==
- ,* $
"
@ =−
"
,7 "" @ ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
"
"
B3 B3 ?3 ?3
' H ' $
# @ :E #7@ @
@ ? :D #7@
# ?@ ?@
? >
> ?
N N N
N :# ?7@ N
?
N N :# ?7 :E #7 :D #7 N
B3 B3 ?3 ?3
! 9 )" 2* " , Q " "- / /)" " )"- -* * -, " , ",* -

- 1 *,"-$
& = ;$ N + N + N− ?@ − ?@ = ; : 7
?
@ N9 * = ;$ ? N + B N − @ =; :=7
=
?
@ N9 = ;$ ? @ =;
N − :?7
=
@ N = ;$ D@ + G@ − B N −D N =; :A7
!" * " , ",*0 )" 3 - )" 2* " - / * 9 3" 3 3 - )"

" *, )",*0 " )" * * "$
: B7 S F ;
F C B
, -$
@ F :?7 F = :B7
=?
- )2* )"- ,* , , ",* -- * $
N = −= MB N =MB N = −; =B @ == @ = −; B
1), ) " $
" : 7= N =MB
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < B7$
@ #
" : 7= N : #7 − : #7#: 7
= ? ?
#?
" : 7 = −= MB# −
D
"3 : B < # < ?7$
#?
" : 7 = −= MB# − + N :# − B7
D
#?
" : 7 = −= MB# − + M B: # − B7
D
"3 :? < # < E7$
=
" : 7= N : #7 + N :# − B7 − :?7@ : # − =7 − @ : # − ?7 : # − ?7
= = ?
:E − #7@ @, : # − ?7
− : # − ?7 : # − ?7 − : # − ?7: # − ?7
= ? ? = ? ?
= : # − ?7= :E − #7 : # − ?7 ?
" : 7 = −= MB# + M B: # − B7 − ?: # − =7 − : # − ?7= − +
? D ?E
"3 :E < # < D7$
3" 3 3 - " )" ,5"$
:D − #7@,
" : 7= N :D − #7 − :D − #7 :D − #7
= ? ?
" : 7=− :D − #7 + :D − #7 ?
A ?E
=A
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 @ 3 -$
"3 :; < # < B7$
@ =− − = MB# − #?
MB D
"3 : B < # < ?7$
#?
@ =− − = MB# − + M B: # − B7
MB D
"3 :? < # < E7$
= : # − ?7= :E − #7 : # − ?7 ?
@ =− − = MB# + M B: # − B7 − ?: # − =7 − : # − ?7= − +
MB ? D ?E
"3 :E < # < D7$
@ =− − :D − #7 + :D − #7?
MB A ?E
" )",*0 2") -$

# :37 @
; ;
; MB ; =G
B; ; E;;
= =B ; =AA
? ;; ;
? MB ; ;G
A B; ; ?
B =B ; ;E
E ;; ;
E MB ; ;??
M B; ; ;?G
G =B ; ;=?
D ;; ;
' 1+*,"$
=B
H @ ! G )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" ), " )"

- ,,*0
B3 B3 ?3 ?3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 !* "3 - " )" - ,,*0 )" 2* " - ,"/",* " , /" " ./ -" )"
, 3 )"- + "- . "- & 8 "- ) -* * 3 ) $
#
&
&
B3 B3 ?3 ?3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
" "
>
&
B3 B3 ?3 ?3 B3 B3 ?3 ?3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
+ ,*0 ) -/)" "3* ) -/ - , )" + 3" "9

/ 3 - /)" " )" -* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;
3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7

& =
=E
! $ " +" : 7=;

- ,* $
"
=−
"
,7 "" ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
B
"
"
B
B3 B3 ?3 ?3
' H ' $
# @ :E #7@ @
@ ? :D #7@
# ?@ ?@
? >
> ?
N N N
@ N :# ?7@ N
N
?
N :# ?7 :E #7 :D #7 N
B3 B3 ?3 ?3
! 9 )" 2* " , Q " "- / /)" " )"- -* * -, " , ",* -

- 1 *,"-$
& = ;$ N + N − ?@ − ?@ = ; : 7
@ N9 * = ;$ ? N −@ N − :?7@ : 7 = ; :=7
=
@ N9 = ;$ ? N − :?7@ : 7 = ; :?7
=
@ N9 * = ;$ D N − @ N − ?@ :E7 − ?@ :?7 = ; :A7
!" * " , ",*0 )" 3 - )" 2* " - / * 9 , ) *)* * 2 *,") )

"3 $
& = ;$ S F; F
, -$ @ F :?7 F ? :B7
=M
- )2* )"- ,* , , ",* -- * $
N = M =B N = −; ?MB @ N = E GMB @ =? @ = −; MB
1), ) " $
" : 7 = @ N = E GMB
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < B7$
@ #
" : 7= N : #7 − : #7#: 7
= ? ?
#?
" : 7 = M =B# −
E
"3 : B < # < ?7$
#?
" : 7 = M =B# − −@ N
E
#?
" : 7 = M =B# − − E GMB
E
"3 :? < # < E7$
= :E − #7@
" : 7= N : #7 −@ N − :?7@ : # − =7 − @ : # − ?7 : # − ?7 − : # − ?7 : # − ?7
= = ? = ? ?
@, : # − ?7
− : # − ?7: # − ?7
= ? ?
: # − ?7= :E − #7 ; MB
" : 7 = M =B# − E GMB − A B: # − =7 − : # − ?7= − + : # − ?7 ?
E G
"3 :E < # < D7$
3" 3 3 - " )" ,5"$
:D − #7@,
" : 7= N :D − #7 − :D − #7 :D − #7
= ? ?
; MB
" : 7 = −; ?MB:D − #7 + :D − #7 ?
G
=G
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 3 -$
"3 :; < # < B7$
=− M =B# − #?
E GMB E
"3 : B < # < ?7$
#?
=− M =B# − − E GMB
E GMB E
"3 :? < # < E7$
: # − ?7= :E − #7 ; MB
=− M =B# − E GMB − A B: # − =7 − : # − ?7= − + : # − ?7=
E GMB E G
"3 :E < # < D7$
; MB
=− − ; ?MB:D − #7 + :D − #7 ?
E GMB G
" )",*0 2") -$

# :37
; ;
; MB ; ? =B
B; ; EC>; A
= =B ; E=B
? ;; ;
? MB ; ;M D
A B; ; ;MB;
B =B ; ;A ;
E ;; ;
E MB ; ;= D
M B; ; ;=B;
G =B ; ; BE
D ;; ;
' 1+*,"$
=D
H @ ! D )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" ) 3 3

+) , )" - ,,*0
?3 B3 B3 ?3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 !* "3 - " )" - ,,*0 )" 2* " - ,"/",* " +) .*0 * - ")" "
0 )" , 3 - 3 - " - 3*-3 ./ -"3 - )" +) .*0 )* " " - /
, 3 3 3 . & /" " ) -* * 3 ) $
#
& &
?3 B3 B3 ?3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
" "
>
&
?3 B3 B3 ?3 ?3 B3 B3 ?3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
+ ,*0 )1 ) " - " )" + 3" " )/ * +) .*0 9

/ 3 - /)" " )" -* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;
3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7

& =@
?;
! $ " + " :@ 7 = ;
- ,* $
"
@ =−
"
,7 "" @ ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
"
"
?3 B3 B3 ?3
' H ' $
@
# @ =
@ @
@ ?@ :D #7@
# =
? > ?
> ?@
N N
N N N
:E #7@
N ? N N
:# ?7@
?
:# ?7 :E #7 :D #7
?3 B3 B3 ?3
! 9 )" 2* " , Q " "- / /)" " )"- -* * -, " , ",* -

- 1 *,"-$
& = ;$ NN ++N − ?@ − ?@ = ; : 7
?
@ N9 * = ;$ ? N − @ =; :=7
=
?
@ N9 = ;$ ? N − @ =; :?7
=
@ N = ;$ D@ + G@ − A B N − D N = ; :A7
!" * " , ",*0 )" 3 - )" 2* " - / * 9 , ,* )

3 3 "3 - )" - )" 0 )" - ) *" "3" 3 3 --
* $
@ @
+ =
= =
- ,* $
@ >@ F= :B7
?
- )2* )"- ,* , , ",* -- * $
N =;B N =B N =;B @ = @ =
1), ) " $
" : 7= N =B
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < ?7$
@ #
" : 7= N : #7 − : #7#: 7
= ? ?
#?
" : 7 = ; B# −
G
"3 :? < # < A B7$
= :E − #7@
" : 7= N : #7 − :?7@ : # − =7 − @ : # − ?7 : # − ?7 − : # − ?7 : # − ?7
= = ? = ? ?
@, : # − ?7
− : # − ?7: # − ?7
= ? ?
: # − ?7= : # − ?7= :E − #7 : # − ?7 ?
" : 7 = ; B# − B: # − =7 − − −
? G G
"3 :A B < # < E7$
: # − ?7= : # − ?7= :E − #7 : # − ?7 ?
" : 7 = ; B# − B: # − =7 − − − + N:# − A B7
? G G
: # − ?7= : # − ?7= :E − #7 : # − ?7 ?
" : 7 = ; B# − B: # − =7 − − − + B: # − A B7
? G G
"3 :E < # < D7$
3" 3 3 - " )" ,5"$
:D − #7@,
" : 7= N :D − #7 − :D − #7 :D − #7
= ? ?
:D − #7 ?
" : 7 = ; B:D − #7 −
G
?=
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 @ 3 -$
"3 :; < # < ?7$
@ =− ; B# − #?
B G
"3 :? < # < A B7$
: # − ?7= : # − ?7= :E − #7 : # − ?7 ?
@ =− ; B# − B: # − =7 − − −
B ? G G
"3 :A B < # < E7$
: # − ?7= : # − ?7= :E − #7 : # − ?7 ?
@ =− ; B# − B: # − =7 − − − + B: # − A B7
B ? G G
"3 :E < # < D7$
:D − #7 ?
@ =− ; B:D − #7 −
B G
" )",*0 2") -$

# :37 @
; ;
; MB ; ;M;?
B; ; =B
= =B ; ;DGA
? ;; ;
? MB ; =;E?
A B; ; B=B;
B =B ; =;E?
E ;; ;
E MB ; ;DGA
M B; ; =B
G =B ; ;M;?
D ;; ;
' 1+*,"$
??
H @ ! ; )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" )" ",,*0

) "/ 8
E3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 !* "3 - )" ",,*0 )" 2* " 8 )" ./ -"3 - , 3 " + " . " &
/" " ) -* * 3 ) $
&
E3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
> &
" "
E3 E3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
" 0 " .*- -/)" "3* 2 *,") ) "/ 8 9 / 3 -

/)" " )" -* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;
3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7

& =−
?A
! $ " + " :− 7=;

- ,* $
"
=
"
,7 "" ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
@
@
"
"
E3
' H ' $
:E #7@
@ @ @
E #
@ N E
> >
?@ ?@
N N
# :E #7
E3
! 9 )" 2* " , Q " " - / /)" " )"- -* * - , ",* -

- 1 *,"-$
& = ;$ −?@ − ?@ = ; : 7
@ N = ;$ @ N − ?@ : A7 − ?@ :=7 = ; :=7
!" , " , ",*0 )" 3 - )" 2* " - / * $
@ = ;$ @ − :E7 − @ = ; :?7
- )2* )"- - , ",* -- * $
@ =? @ = −? @ N = G
1), ) " $
" : 7=@ N = G
?B
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < E7$
=# @ # @ #
" : 7=@ N − @ : #7: 7 − #:E − #7 : 7 − #: #7: 7
= ? = E ? = E ?
# = :E − #7 # ?
" : 7 = G# − #= − +
= =
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 3 -$
"3 :; < # < E7$
# = :E − #7 # ?
= G − #= − +
G = =
" )",*0 2") -$
# :37
; ;
; B; ; DG;?
;; ; D=BD
B; ; GA?G
= ;; ; MA;M
= B; ; E=?G
? ;; ; B;;;
? B; ; ?ME
A ;; ; =BD=
A B; ; BE=
B ;; ; ;MA
B B; ; ; DM
E ;; ;
' 1+*,"$
?E
H @ ! )" 2* " 3 - " " 3* )" ) " * +) ,*" ) 3 3

+) , ) "/ 8
E3
) ,*0
, *3* $
"7 !* "3 - ) 3 3 +) , ) "/ 8 8 ) ./ -"3 - , 3 " + "

. " & /" " ) -* * 3 ) $
#
&
E3
7 )3 ) 3" / ./ -" - , 3 $
" > " &
E3 E3
- / , ") * " )" 2* "
" 0 ) * - ) 9/ 3 - /)" " )" -* * , ",*0 $
" +" & =;
3 $
" =" : 3" @".O )) ", ," +) .* - , / ,"-7

& =@
?M
! $ " + " :@ 7 = ;
- ,* $
"
@ =−
"
,7 "" @ ,"), )"3 - )" , ",*0 )" )1- *," " "- , 3 )" +) .*0
" / , ") * 3 *-/ * ) - ,"- -"3 - ) 3 )" 2* "
, Q " "$
"
"
E3
' H ' $
:E #7
E @ @
#
E
> >
N N
? ?@
N
# :E #7
E3
! 9 )" 2* " , Q " " - / /)" " )"- -* * - , ",* -

- 1 *,"-$
& = ;$ N − ? − ?@ = ; : 7
@ N = ;$ ?:=7 + ?@ :A7 = ; :=7
- )2* "3 "- , ",* -- * $
@ = −; B N = B
1), ) " $
" : 7= N = B
1), ) " $
"3 :; < # < E7$
=# E− # # @ #
" : 7= N : #7 − : 7: #7: 7− #: 7: 7 − #: #7: 7
= ? = E ? = E ?
?G
# = # = :E − #7 # ?
" : 7= B# − − +
? ?E M=
7 " " )" , - ,,*0 @ 3 -$
"3 :; < # < E7$
# = # = :E − #7 # ?
@ =− B# − − +
B ? ?E M=
" )",*0 2") -$
# :37 @
; ;
; B; ; A=;
;; ; EDAA
B; ; GA?G
= ;; ; GGGD
= B; ; GB;M
? ;; ; MB;;
? B; ; E;ME
A ;; ; AAAA
A B; ; =G =
B ;; ; ?GD
B B; ; ;?G=
E ;; ;
' 1+*,"$

Con AASHTO LRFD 2010 Fifth Edition

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Con AASHTO LRFD 2010 Fifth Edition

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Por

& ((-1 & %+ %&*

' (? + & 4(&* & &2

$ % % ' ( % % & &/ % ' ( %- & ( . . -. & &* &

* K &% -*& &(-1

I 0C(.6 P E EQGEF 8 &

< && "FF % F' " 5D <'

F/ +) / -+/ , ) ) 9 ) .E) * )/ ) ) ./ - . / ,,/ # )/

/' F/ ) 3 -/ / 1 G+- ,/ +) H ) - )+ / / - . / - .3+ /-+4

) -+/ !2, +*, ) 3 -/ /) " 5D <'

/3,/ 5 D < J/- ) -+/ !2, +*,

// , )/ J/ + /# ) +,+ / -/.+4 +) H # % ,/)

- . * / / + E.+-/ ! " 5 D <'

/3,/ 5 D < - . * / / + E.+-/# !

-/) - .* ) / ) - . , -/) /,-/ / +,,/)# ,

! ( 55" > M @ ' >N

F/) 0 /) - 0 /) ) /*,+-/ G + /,. / / +) / -+/ B>

/ , !/ /, +) H ) M 2 " < @ 5 ;'# ) H/,/ /, )* -

J /) ) 3 / + , )" < @ 5 D <'

J /) 3 / / /) " < @ 5 D 5'

J /) +) H */ / / / /) " /3,/ < @ 5 D 5 # !/ /, +) H ) 2'

)+ /-+4 J /) +1 , ) +.* / -+/ )

D J O F R & CP F " 5 D 6'

F ) ) +3 ) % *+,/) * ) 3+-/ ) / ? > . . ) , 3 ,/

)+4 C+ ) E +-/ - 2/ 0 ./ * * +- ,/ / ,/ ) * 0+-+ # % ) -/,- ,/

J, /3+,+ / J / , 1/ /.+ ./ / - . ,/ ) ./ +/ ,/)

)+4 J, 9 F/ * )+4 0, 9 / /# /- / ,/ + --+4 , + + /,

* ( 6< @ &< "5 ; 5 '

* ( * )+4 ,/ / "7 8.<'

* ( 6< @ F&< "5 ; 5 < '

* ( * )+4 ,/ /, "7 8.<'

/3,/ 5 ; 5 < 0+-+ /) F/ /,

B & $F % $ " 5 B'

/3,/ 5 B &/, ) &> % O >

&> "7.8G' 5< ;D ?5

)+4 &+ ) 3 ,/) ) - /) $

& & O<

/3,/ 5 B < )+ ) 3E)+-/) - )* + ) / & ( D> 7.8G

/3,/ 5 B < < */ / +0 )E , ) // "& ( D> 7.8G'

J /) *,+-/ /) + - /. / ,/ 3 ) - / F/) 0 /) / )1 )/, ) %

)+4 &+ ) 3 , ) & G - , ) $F

)+4 & +-/, , &+ , +) H * ) % - .* ) ) - /, )

) /3+,+ / ,E) +-/ ) , ) * ) % - .* ) ) - /, )

/ , !/ /, +) H ) M 2 " < @ 5 >'# 0+ */ /

& = & >F ≥&>

/3,/ < @ 5 > &/, ) ,/) - ) / ) # >

"7.8G' > 55> > 5B> > @B6

( * )+4 , 1+ "7 8.Q'

/3,/ < @ 5 > < )+

F/) 0 /) ) ).+-/) ) E 1/, / /) * - /, + * - +.+ /-+ /,

0+-+ - , /-+4 , - 0+-+ ) .+ / 3/) / , ) ./*/)

/3,/ 5 > @ O /) ).+-/)

/3,/ 5 > 6 0+-+ ) ++

(* + 1+3 /-+4 , )+. .

//* ) ) 3 * 0+, ) ) , +* &% E /) ,- 0+-+

) ( "> B A @ > ' "5 > D < '

/3,/ 5 > ; J/- ) ! +0+-/-+4 )* )/ M 3 ) - /

/3,/ 5 > ; < J/- ) ! +0+-/-+4 )* ) / M I+ )

> & ! # " < @ 5 ? !/ /, +) H

/3,/ < @ 5 ? "!/ /, +) H )M 2'

F/ .* / / 0 -+/ ) E ,/ .* / / /.3+ * . + / ,/) @B

" /3,/ < @ 5 ? < "!/ /, +) H )M 2'

" //- .E) /,, , & '

F ) ) +3 ) % +,/) ) 3+-/ ) / ? > . . ) , 3 ,/

/ / -/ /) / / ,/) - /, ) 1/, .EI+. γ+ ) / *+/

/ / -/ /) / / ,/) - /, ) 1/, . +. γ+ ) / *+/

)+). )# ) -+ γ V < > # )+ / /3, γ V = > 6 / / /.,+ /

F # ,/ +) / -+/ @6. ) +)* / )+ /, ) - ) - /, -

F ! @ ./ / )+., . / %/ <6 .

F # ,/ 0 / 0 / ) E D D> # /,+-/ / / B> . ) 3 ,/ ) 0+-+