ME 4405 INTRODUCTION TO THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD Practice FINAL EXAM - SUMMER 2002 Name: ______________________

1. You are allowed one sheet of notes.

Given: - linear quadrilateral element shown - plain stress formulation - a = b = 10 mm - nodal displacements shown - E = 200 GPa and = 0.27 - sy = 250 MPa (ductile material) Find: (a) displacement at the center (b) strain at center (c) stress at center in xy coordinate directions (d) principle stresses at center (e) von Mises stress at center (f) factor of safety, if the stress from (e) represents the most extreme situation
u1 0 v 0 1 u 2 2 v 2 0 d = = 10 6 m u 3 1 v 3 1 u 4 0 v 0 4

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2.

Sketch the shape function for the edge node of a quadratic quadrilateral.

3.

Draw approximate lines of constant stress for x, if nodal averaging is used and the stresses of the constant strain triangles are as shown. Draw the lines for x = 1, 2, 3, 8 kPA. Assume that the averaged stress is interpolated linearly.

x = 0

x = 8 kPa

x = 0

x = 0

4.

Identify four problems with the mesh shown.

5.

The figure on the right shows the displacement results after inputting the problem on the left. Has all the information been entered correctly? If not, what is wrong?

6. 30

State the type of finite element(s) that are best to use when performing the structural analysis for each of the following situations. a. A calculator housing under load from being sat on

b. The floor of a house loaded with furniture. The floor has wooden joists (beams) and plywood flooring.

c. A coffee cup loaded with coffee, where we are interested in the stresses where the handle joins the cup.

7.

What problem is inherent in stiff systems? What happens when you try to solve the global system of equations?

8.

Name 4 causes of singular stiffness matrices.

9.

What is the difference between sub-structuring and sub-modeling?

10. What is the criterion for the solution to converge when the mesh is refined?

11. Draw a picture to show the correct support conditions that should be used in a structural FE analysis of the following situations: a. An office chair with rollers, loaded with the weight of one person.

b.

One shelf in a bookcase loaded with books.

c.

A bookend holding books from falling over.

d.

A flagpole cemented into the ground, analyzed using beam elements.