Biofuels: Unlocking the Potential

Jennifer Holmgren
UOP LLC

The International Conference on Biorefinery October 6-7, 2009 Syracuse, New York
2009 UOP LLC. All rights reserved.

UOP Overview
Leading supplier and licensor of processing technology, catalysts, adsorbents, process plants, and technical services to the petroleum refining, petrochemical, and gas processing industries. UOP Technology Furnishes: 60% of the worlds gasoline; 85% of the worlds biodegradable detergents; 60% of the worlds para-xylene. 2003 National Medal of 3400 employees worldwide. Technology Recipient 2008 Financials: $1.9 billion in sales. Strong relationships with leading refining and petrochemical customers worldwide. UOPs innovations enabled lead removal from gasoline, the production of biodegradable detergents, the first commercial catalytic converter for automobiles.

Biofuels: Next in a Series of Sustainable Solutions

Agenda
Global Context Our Vision Technology Solutions Life Cycle Analysis Summary

Macromarket Summary: Through 2015

Global energy demand is expected to grow at CAGR 1.6%.
Primary Energy diversity will become increasingly important over this period with coal, natural gas & renewables playing bigger roles.

Fossil fuels are expected to supply 83% of energy and 95% of liquid transportation needs Biofuels are expected to grow at 8-12%/year to ~2.0 MBPD

Source: IEA, 2008

Petroleum Refining Context

Butane Light Ends H2 Light Naphtha Crude Oil Isomerization H2 Crude Oil Distillation Naphtha Light Distillates Heavy Distillate Naphtha Hydrotreating H2 Heavy Distillate Hydrotreating H2 Vacuum Distillation Gas Oil Hydrotreating Gas Oil Gas Processing Unit Sulfur Plant Iso-octane Production
Alkylate ButaneButylene

Alcohol Etherification

Isobutane Alkylation

Sulfur

Iso-octane

Isomerate LPG

Fuel Gas Gasoline Jet Fuels LPG Solvents Diesels

Catalytic Reforming H2 Light Distillate Hydrotreating Light Olefins Production

H2

Flue Gas

Reformate

Crude Treating & Desalting

(Topping)

Aromatics Production

BTX

Distillates Diesel and Heating Oil

Heating Oils Geases Fuel Oil

Latest Refining Technology Development & Licensing

Atmospheric Gas Oil

Fluid Catalytic Cracking H2

Gasoline Gasoline, Naphtha, Middle Distillates, Gasoline Kerosene and Jet Fuels Diesel and Heating Oils Lube Oil Production Heavy Fuel Oil Asphalt Gasification Lube Oils

Hydrocracking

Lube Oils

Solvent Extraction & Deasphalting Vacuum Resid Visbreaking

Asphalts Syngas/Steam Electricity Coke

Diesel Coking Natural Gas Environmental Controls Energy Conservation & Management (Power Production) Plant Maintenance/ Reliability/ Safety Plant Upgrades & Revamps

Natural Gas, Fuel Oil

Gas-to-Liquids

Hydrogen Production/ Purification/Recovery

Refining: ~100 years ~750 refineries ~85M BBL of crude refined daily ~50M BBL transport fuels; ~6M BBL of aviation fuel (~250 M gallons/day; 90 B gallons/year) Complex but efficient conversion processes

Fuel, Wax

H2

Massive Scale Technology Evolution Expected

Product Treating Blending

Biofuels: A Quickly Changing Landscape

2007
All biofuels are good More, faster No criteria to measure impact of adopting biofuels Availability of inexpensive bio feedstocks Government mandates and incentives favor ethanol and biodiesel

2008
Not all biofuels are good Concern for food chain impact & competition for land/water Measured biofuel adoption Utilization of LCA analysis to qualify: link to GHG, energy, sustainability Bio feedstocks tracking energy prices Government mandates/ incentives increasingly technology neutral Emphasis on real biofuels

2009 Credit Crisis: Stimulus focused on Green Tech UOP Position Emphasis on life cycle analysis as a way of measuring sustainability Ensure technology is feedstock flexible Focus on 2nd generation technologies Create partnerships between feedstock suppliers and fuel producers

Increasing Awareness of Potential Impact

Our Biofuels Vision

Produce real drop-in fuels instead of fuel additives/blends Leverage existing refining/ transportation infrastructure to lower capital costs, minimize value chain disruptions, and reduce investment risk Focus on path toward second generation feedstocks

Oxygenated Biofuels
Ethanol Biodiesel

Renewable Energy
Fuel & Fuel & Power Power

Hydrocarbon Biofuels
Diesel Jet Gasoline

Other Oils: Camelina, Jatropha, Halophytes

First Generation

Second Generation
Lignocellulosic biomass, algal oils

Natural oils (vegetables, greases)

Getting There
Lignocellulosic Algal Efficiency
Reduction in Climate Active CO2 Equivalents

Cost Life Cycles

Technology

Sustainability

Biofuels Sustainability
Distributed

Net Energy Production Consumption Emissions

Standards

Supply Chain

Uncompromised Product Quality

Vehicle Fleet Energy Content

World Trade

Feedstock Availability

Agenda
Global Context Our Vision Technology Solutions Life Cycle Analysis Summary

Biofuels Overview: Technology Pathways

Feedstocks
Sugars
C6 Sugars

= UOP Areas
Fermentation Dehydration

Products
Ethanol
Distillers Grain

Starches

Enzyme Conversion

C5 / C6 Sugars
Acid or Enzyme Hydrolysis Direct Conversion

CO2

Renewable Energy
Green Gasoline
H2O

Lignin, Cellulose & Hemicellulose

Pyrolysis/Thermal Depolymerization
Lights

Hydrotreating
oil Bio-

Gasification

ng Sy

as

FischerTropsch Alcohol Synthesis

Green Diesel/Jet

Natural Oils 2nd Gen Feeds

Co-Feed

FCC Hydrotreating

Glycerine FAME or FAEE

(Jatropha, Camelina & Algal)

Transesterification

Current biofuel market based on sugars & oils. Use bridging feedstocks to get to 2nd Generation Feeds: Algae & Lignocellulosics

Renewable Diesel and Jet Chemistry

HO O O HC O O OO O Triglyceride MW=700-900 Free Fatty Acid MW=200-300 CH3 H2 CH3 CH3 CH3 H2O H3C CO2 CO2 + H3C H3C H3C CH2 + H3C Straight Chain Paraffins CH3 CH3 CH3 H2O +

H3C

CH3

UOP Catalyst

Natural oils contain oxygen, have high UOP Catalyst H2 molecular weight. First reaction removes oxygen product CH3 CH 3 is diesel range waxy paraffins CH3 CH3 H3C CH3 Second reaction cracks diesel paraffins H3C + Synthetic Paraffinic to smaller, highly branched molecules Kerosene CH3 H3C End product is same as molecules already CH3CH3 + present in aviation fuel CH3 H3C End product is independent of starting oil

Feedstock flexible, but with consistent product properties

UOP/ENI Ecofining Green Diesel

Superior technology that produces diesel, rather than an additive Uses existing refining infrastructure, can be transported via pipeline, and can be used in existing automotive fleet Two units licensed in Europe with first commercial start-up in 2010 Excellent blending component, allowing refiners to expand diesel pool by mixing in bottoms Can be used as an approach to increase refinery diesel output
Process Comparison vs. Biodiesel
Natural Oil/ Grease Biodiesel (FAME) Biodiesel (FAME) + Glycerol

+
Methanol Natural Oil/ Grease

+
Hydrogen

Green Diesel Green Diesel

+ Propane

Performance Comparison
Green Diesel -10 to 0 75-90 Excellent Excellent

Petrodiesel NOx Cetane Cold Flow Properties Oxidative Stability Baseline 40-55 Baseline Baseline

Biodiesel +10 50-65 Poor Poor

UOP Renewable Jet Process

Initially a DARPA-funded project to develop process technology to produce military jet fuel (JP-8) from renewable sources Targets maximum Green Jet production Green Jet Fuel can meet all the key properties of petroleum derived aviation fuel, flash point, cold temperature performance, stability Certification of Green Jet as a 50% blending component in progress
Built on Ecofining Technology
Natural Oil/ Grease Deoxygenating/ Deoxygenating/ Isomerization Isomerization Green Green Diesel Diesel

Natural Oil/ Grease

Deoxygenating/ Deoxygenating/ Selective Cracking/ Selective Cracking/ Isomerization Isomerization

Green Green Jet Jet

DARPA Project Partners

Available for License Q3 2009

Completed Flight Demonstrations

Feedstock: Jatropha oil

Successful ANZ Flight Demo Date: Dec. 30 2008

Feedstock: Jatropha and algal oil

Successful CAL Flight Demo Date: Jan. 7 2009

Feedstock: Camelina, Jatropha and algal oil

Successful JAL Flight Demo Date: Jan. 30 2009

Key Properties of Green Jet

Jatropha Derived SPK
46.5 -57.0 0.0 1.0 44.3 3.66 <0.0

Description
Flash Point, oC Freezing Point, oC JFTOT@300oC
Filter dP, mmHg Tube Deposit Less Than

Jet A-1 Specs

Min 38 Max -47

Camelina Derived SPK

42.0 -63.5 0.0 <1 44.0 3.33 <0.0

Jatropha/ Algae Derived SPK

41.0 -54.5 0.2 1.0 44.2 3.51 <0.0

max 25 <3 min 42.8 max 8.0 max 3000

Net heat of combustion, MJ/kg Viscosity, -20 deg C, mm2/sec Sulfur, ppm

Over 6000 US Gallons of bio-SPK made

Production Viability Demonstrated Fuel Samples from Different Sources Meet Key Properties

Certification-Qualification Phase - ASTM D4054 Fuel Qualification Process

Specification Properties
FRL 4.2

Fit-For-Purpose Properties
FRL 6.1
ASTM Review & Ballot

Component/Rig Testing
FRLs 6.2 & 6.3

Engine/APU Testing
FRL 6.4

Accept

Reject

Re-Eval As Required

ASTM Specification

ASTM ASTM Research Research Report Report OEM Review & Approval
Federal Aviation Administration

ASTM Specification

ASTM Balloting Process

FRL 7: Fuel Class Listed in Intl Fuel Specifications

ANERS September 22, 2009 Mark Rumizen, FAA/CAAFI 16

ASTM D7566 Issued Sept 1

D1655
5.1 Materials and Manufacture
Table 1 Fuel Produced to D7566 Can Be Designated as D1655 Fuel

D7566
Blend Comps Criteria and Blend % Limits Annex 1 Annex 3 50% Other Adv Hydprossd Other Adv Fuels or SPK Fuel Fuels or Processes Blends Processes Annex 2
Av Turbine Fuel Containing Syn HCs

Body of Spec Applies to Finished Semi-Synthetic Fuel Annex for Each Class of Synthetic Blending Component Allow Re-Certification to D1655 Annex 1
Hydroprocessed SPK
Includes 50% FT Fuel SPK from Lipids expected in 2010

Table 1
Blended Fuel Performance Properties

ANERS September 22, 2009 Mark Rumizen, FAA/CAAFI

Federal Aviation Administration

17

Algae: Multiple Sources for Fuels

Wild Algae
Low Production Costs

Enhanced Algae Strains

Moderate Production Cost

Heterotrophically Grown Algae

Moderate Production Costs Moderate Pre-Treatment Costs

High Pre-Treatment Costs

EcofiningTM

Low Pre-Treatment Costs

Green Fuels Jet, Diesel

Pyrolysis Oil to Energy & Fuels

Corn Stover
P Refinery P

Electricity Production

Available Today

Biomass

Fast Pyrolysis

Pyrolysis Oil

Fuel Oil Substitution

Mixed Woods

Transport Fuels (Gasoline, Jet Diesel) Chemicals (Resins, BTX)

3 Years to complete R&D

Conversion to Transport Fuels Demonstrated in Lab Collaboration with DOE, USDA, PNNL, NREL

Envergent Technologies LLC UOP / Ensyn Joint Venture

Formed in October 2008 Provides pyrolysis oil technology for fuel oil substitution and electricity generation Channel for UOP R&D program to upgrade pyrolysis oil to transportation fuels

Leading process technology licensor ~$2 billion in sales, 3000 employees Co-inventor of FCC technology Modular process unit supplier Global reach via Honeywell & UOP sales channels

Over 20 years of commercial fast pyrolysis operating experience Developers of innovative RTPTM fast pyrolysis process Eight commercial RTP units designed and operated

Second Generation Renewable Energy Company Global Reach Envergent Technologies 2009

Rapid Thermal Process (RTPTM) Technology

Pyrolysis Oil
510C, <2 seconds Biomass converted to liquid pyrolysis oil Fast fluidized bed, sand as heat carrier High yields; >70 wt% liquid on woody biomass Light gas and char by-product provide heat to dry feed and operate unit

Solid Biomass

Proven Technology, full scale designs available

RTPTM Pyrolysis Oil Properties

Pourable, storable and transportable liquid fuel Energy densification relative to biomass Contains approximately 50-55% energy content of fossil fuel Stainless steel piping, tankage and equipment required due to acidity Requires separate storage from fossil fuels
Comparison of Heating Value of Pyrolysis Oil and Typical Fuels Fuel Methanol Pyrolysis Oil Ethanol Light Fuel Oil (#2) MJ / Litre 17.5 19.9 23.5 38.9 BTU / US Gallon 62,500 71,500 84,000 139,400

Suitable for Energy Applications

RTPTM Product Yields

Feed, wt%
Hardwood Whitewood 100
Yields For Various Feeds

Typical Product Yields, wt% Dry Feed

Pyrolysis Oil By-Product Vapor Char 70 15 15

Biomass Feedstock Type

Typical Pyrolysis Oil Yield, wt% of Dry Feedstock

Ensyn has tested over 70 types of feedstock in RTP pilot plant

Hardwood Softwood Hardwood Bark Softwood Bark Corn Fiber Bagasse Waste Paper

70 75 70 80 60 65 55 65 65 75 70 75 60 80

Cellulosic Feedstock Flexible With High Yields of Pyrolysis Oil

Feedstock Sources
Forestry and Pulp and Paper
Wood chips, sawdust, bark Forestry residues

Agricultural
Residues corn stover, expended fruit bunches from palm (EFB), bagasse Purpose-grown energy crops miscanthus, elephant grass

Post-consumer
Construction and Demolition Waste, Categories 1&2 Municipal solid waste (future)

DoE study 2005 - > 1 billion ton per year available in United States alone Cellulosic Feedstocks Widely Available

Feed Handling / Preparation

Water is a heat sink
Dried to 5-6 wt% moisture content for efficient RTPTM reactor operation

Size impacts heat transfer

Biomass sized to 0.125-0.25 inch (3-6 mm)

Capacity of unit expressed on bone dry feed basis

BDMTPD Zero water content
Prepared Biomass As Fed 5- 6 wt% Moisure 0.125 to 0.25

Raw Biomass Up to 40% Moisture

Feed Handling

RTP

Pyrolysis Oil As Produced

Storage

RTP is Self-Sustaining Excess Heat Dries Raw Biomass

RTPTM Flow Diagram

RTPTM Process 3D Model

RTPTM Operating History & Commercial Experience

Commercialized in the 1980s 7 units designed and operated in the US & Canada Continuous process with >90% availability
Plant Manitowoc RTPTM 1 Rhinelander RTPTM 1 Rhinelander Chemical #2 Rhinelander RTPTM 2 Rhinelander Chemical #3 Petroleum Demo # 1 Renfrew RTPTM 1 (Owned and operated by Ensyn) Year Built 1993 1995 1995 2001 2003 2005 2007 Operating Capacity (Metric Tonnes Per Day) 30 35 2 45 1 300 barrels per day 100 Location Manitowoc, WI, USA Rhinelander, WI, USA Rhinelander, WI, USA Rhinelander, WI, USA Rhinelander, WI, USA Bakersfield, CA, USA Renfrew, Ontario, Canada

Note: design basis for wood based plants assumes feedstocks with 6 Wt% moisture content.

Significant Commercial Experience

Envergent Video

Pyrolysis Oil as Burner Fuel

Energy densification/improved logistics and flexibility Relatively low emissions (NOx, SOx, ash) Consistent quality/improved operations
- ASTM D7544, Standard Specification for Pyrolysis Liquid Biofuel, established last month
Property
Gross Heat of Combustion, MJ/kg Point, oC Pyrolysis Solids Content, wt% Water Content, wt% pH Kinematic Viscosity, cSt @ 40 C Density, kg/dm3 @ 20 C Sulfur Content, wt% Ash Content, wt% Flash Point, oC Pour Point, oC

Value
15 min

Test Method
ASTM D240

2.5 max 30 max report 125 max

ASTM D7544, Annex I ASTM E203 ASTM E70 ASTM D445

Stainless steel piping, tankage and equipment required due to acidity Requires separate storage from fossil fuels

1.1 1.3 0.05 max 0.25 max 45 min -9 max

ASTM D4052 ASTM 4294 ASTM 482 ASTM D93, Procedure B ASTM D97

25-30% Lower Cost than #2 Fuel Oil on an Energy Basis

Pyrolysis Oil Energy Applications

Fuel Burner Heat

RTP Unit

Gas Turbine

Electricity CHP

Diesel Engine Optimized UOP Upgrading Technology Green Gasoline, Green Diesel & Green Jet Hydrocracking/ Dewaxing

Gasification

Syngas

Fischer Tropsch

Compatible with specialized turbines Specialized burner tips improve flame/burning Convert to steam to use existing infrastructure Use as a blend in diesel engines Upgradable to hydrocarbon fuels

Multiple Applications for Pyrolysis Oil, a Renewable Fuel Available Today

ENV 5233-09

Pyrolysis Oil: Production of Green Electricity

Compatible with specialized turbines Green electricity production cost is 0.10 $US/kW-h
Includes RTP operating cost and 15-yr straightline depreciation of CAPEX (including gas turbine)

Experience in stationary diesel engine as blend with fossil fuel

Operation with 100% pyrolysis oil under development

Conversion to Transportation Fuel

Integrated Bio-Refinery (IBR) Complex
Spent Air Air Water Fuel Utilities Biomass Rapid Thermal Processing Unit Pyrolysis Oil Conversion Unit Gasoline Kerosene Diesel H2 Generation Unit Wastewater Steam

Ligno-cellulosic Biomass to Fungible Fuels

ENV 5233-17

The Future: 100% Renewable Jet

The hydroplane ran on 98% Bio-SPK and 2% renewable aromatics

Jet A1 Spec Freeze Point (oC) Flash Point (oC) Density (g/mL) -47 39 0.775 Starting SPK -63 42 0.753 Woody Pyrolysis Oil Aromatics -53 52 0.863

Creating Biorefineries
Ecofining

Transport Fuels (Diesel, Jet LPG, naphtha)

Palm Oil

Ecofining and Palm Oil

Enable production of superior quality Diesel and Biofuels for Aviation LPG instead of Glycerol GHG Reduction Export Markets

Electricity Fuel Oil

RTP and EFB/Residues

EFB and Residues

Overcome EFB logistics limitation Palm Oil GHG reduction Expand business opportunities vs. direct firing RTP Pyrolysis Cost competitive with fossil fuel oil

New Business Opportunities with Improved Sustainability

Agenda
Global Context Our Vision Technology Solutions Life Cycle Analysis Summary

Scope of WTW* LCA

Petroleum Based Fuels Green Distillate from Waste Tallow Green Distillate from Energy Crops
Seed Fertilizer Fuel Chemicals Energy Crop Farming Energy Crop Transport Extraction of Crude Oil Waste Tallow from Meat Processing Industry Tallow Processing Transport of Crude Oil Refining Gasoline, Jet, Diesel Consumer Use Tallow Transport Oil Extraction Plant Oil Oil Processing Oil Transport Hydrogen

Hydrogen

Renewable Jet Process Unit Green Diesel, Jet Consumer Use

Renewable Jet Process Unit Green Diesel, Jet Consumer Use

*WTW is either well-to-wheels or well-to-wings

Life Cycle Analysis for Renewable Jet Fuel

Cumulative Energy Demand
90 80 70 g CO2 eq./MJ 50 40 30 20 10 0 Jatropha Green Jet Tallow Green Jet Soy Green Jet
Kerosene Jatropha Camelina Tallow Green Green Green Jet Jet Jet Soy Green Jet

Greenhouse Gases
LUC Error Bar

1.6 MJ (Input)/MJ (Output) 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2

4000 3000 2000 1000 0 -500

0 0 Kerosene

Non-renewable, Fossil Renewable Biomass Renewable, Water

Non-renewable, Nuclear Renewable, Wind, Solar, Geothe

Cultivation Fuel Production Use

Oil Production Transportation

Significant GHG Reduction Potential

Basic Data for Jatropha Production and Use. Reinhardt, Guido et al. IFEU June 2008 Biodiesel from Tallow. Judd, Barry. s.l. : Prepared for Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority, 2002. Environmental Life-Cycle Inventory of Detergent-Grade Surfactant Sourcing and Production. Pittinger, Charles et al. 1, Prarie Village, Ka : Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 1993, Vol. 70.

g CO2 eq./MJ

60

5000

Pyrolysis Oil vs Fossil Fuel LCA

120 100

Comparison of GHG Emissions Cradle to Delivered Energy

gCO2 eq/MJ

80 60 40 20 0
Petroleum Crude Oil Hard Coal

Energy Extraction GHG Emissions

Pyrolysis Oil Production foot print similar to fossil energy alternatives

Assumed biomass transport distances

200 km for logging residues 25 km for short rotation forest crops

PyOil Natural Canadian PyOil from from Gas Oil Sands Crude Oil Logging Willow Residues PyOil from Poplar

120 100

Comparison of GHG Emissions Cradle to Delivered Energy, and Burned

gCO2 eq/MJ

80 60 40 20 0
Petroleum Fuel Oil Hard Coal Natural Gas

Life Cycle GHG Emissions

through combustion

Pyrolysis Oil Life Cycle foot print Greener than other alternatives Carbon neutral combustion emission 70-88% lower GHG emissions SOx emissions similar to Natural Gas

PyOil from Logging Residues

PyOil from Willow

PyOil from Poplar

Pyrolysis Oil vs. Fossil Fuel LCA

Comparative Analyses using GHGenius Software
GHG Emissions Wood Feedstock
Fuel Feedstock Heating Oil Crude Oil Natural Gas Natural Gas PyOil Wood Residues

Fuel Dispensing Fuel Distribution & Storage Fuel Production Feedstock Transmission Feedstock Recovery Land-use Changes, Cultivation Fertilizer Manufacture Gas Leaks & Flares CO2, H2S Removed from NG Emissions Displaced Sub-total Fuel Production Fuel Combustion Grand Total % Change Compared to Heating Oil

402 698 8,412 1,401 8,081 25 0 1,900 0 -128 20,790 68,718 89,508

g CO2eq/GJ 0 2,063 1,376 0 1,708 0 0 3,540 642 0 9,330 50,432 60,762 -32.1%

874 361 9,555 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10,790 301 11,091 -87.6%

Canadian Scenario Sawmill Residues RTP unit located at sawmill site Feed Transportation Distance = 0

PyOil 88% lower GHG than Petroleum-derived heating oil

LCA Result courtesy of Don OConnor
(S&T)2 Consultants Inc. 11657 Summit Crescent Delta, BC Canada, V4E 2Z2

Achieving Sustainability
Renewables are going to make up an increasing share of the future fuels pool
Multitude of bioprocessing approaches possible Fungible biofuels are here Essential to overlay sustainability criteria

Proven technology available today can efficiently convert natural oils to green diesel and green jet fuel and residual biomass to power
Wide spread implementation requires creation of a credible supply chain Availability of sustainable feedstocks is a key enabler Market pull required to accelerate implementation

Important to promote technology neutral and performance based standards and directives to avoid standardization on old technology

Create a Portfolio of Options

Acknowledgements
AFRL
Robert Allen John Datko Tim Edwards Don Minus

Ensyn
Robert Graham Barry Freel Stefan Muller

Sandia
Ron Pate Warren Cox Peter Kobos William Fogleman

Air New Zealand

Grant Crenfeldt

GE
Steve Csonka Mike Epstein

Sapphire
Brian Goodall Kulinda Davis

Aquaflow
Paul Dorrington Nick Gerritsen

The Seawater Foundation Global Seawater, Inc.

Carl Hodges Howard Weiss

Solazyme
Harrison F. Dillon Anthony G. Day

Boeing
Billy Glover James Kinder Mike Henry Darrin Morgan Tim Rahmes Dale Smith

Japan Airlines
Takuya Ishibashi Koichiro Nagayama Yasunori Abe

South West Research Institute

George Wilson

Sustainable Oils
Scott Johnson

Cargill
Bruce Resnick Michael Kennedy Ian Purdle

Michigan Technical University

David Shonnard

Targeted Growth
Tom Todaro

Nikki Universal
Yasushi Fujii Masaru Marui

Honeywell / UOP
Amar Anumakonda Roy Bertola Andrea Bozzano Tim Brandvold Michelle Cohn Graham Ellis Tom Kalnes DOE Joseph Kocal Project DE-FG36-05GO15085 Steve Lupton Paul Grabowski Mike McCall DARPA Prabhakar Nair Project W911NF-07-C-0049 Sunny Nguyen Dr. Douglas Kirkpatrick Randy Williams

CFM
Gurhan Andac

NREL
Richard Bain

Continental Airlines
Gary LeDuc Leah Raney George Zombanakis

PNNL
Doug Elliot Don Stevens

ENI
Giovanni Faraci Franco Baldiraghi Giuseppe Bellussi

Pratt & Whitney

Tedd Biddle Mario Debeneto

Rolls Royce
Chris Lewis

Nodan mamomamo Danke schn

Teekkr ederim

Thank You Gum xia Obrigado Kiitos Merci Tawdi Terima kasih Sha sha Ang kun
Gracias

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Maulanenga Aachaykin Efcharisto Hvala Ookini Dekoju Danyavad Spasibo Grazie Ngiyabonga

Dhannvaad

Arigato Gum xia

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Ksznm

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