Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Oct - 04
Oct - 05
Apr - 05
Aug - 04
Jun - 04
Aug - 05
Apr - 06
Dec - 04
Dec - 05
Aug - 06
Jun - 05
Jun - 06
Oct - 06
Dec - 06
Feb - 05
The typical feedstock is pretreated in a mild hydrocracking unit to reduce sulfur and metals content to very low values. Key properties such as specific gravity and Conradson carbon residue range between 0.8900.910 and 0.010.25 wt% respectively. Operational objectives change over the course of the year. In winter, the main target is to maximize the LPG yield, especially propylene, up to the wet gas constraints. This is achieved with the addition of ZSM-5 additive. In the summer months, the unit typically operates in gasoline mode, with no addition of ZSM-5. This refinery had been using K-2000 since 2004, but in winter 2006 Albemarle proposed that they switch to the new version of B.O.O.S.T., which shares a similar crystal content but has a higher intrinsic activity, thanks to recent improvements in Albemarles ZSM-5 additive production process. Comparing B.O.O.S.T. with other additives with similar ZSM-5 contents, this FCC additive gives Better Olefins and Octane STimulation.
The comparison between the performances of the two additives has been made taking in consideration three periods:
I I I
October 2004 February 2005 October 2005 December 2006 August 2006 November 2006
Raw unit data and equilibruim catalyst data have been used in this side-by-side comparison, and all analyses of the data support the conclusion that B.O.O.S.T. has higher performance on C3= and C4= yields than K-2000.
Feb - 06
Feb - 07
By switching to B.O.O.S.T, the refinery has been able to reach higher performance on C3 and C4 olefins without increasing the amount of ZSM-5 additive in the inventory.
MON on gasoline FBP 365oF versus ZSM-5 crystal wt% Normalized conditions
7.0 6.5
81.8
81.4
C3=, wt%
81.0
80.6
80.2
B.O.O.S.T. also shows higher iC4= yields with the same crystal content in the inventory (Figure 3).
iC4= corrected yield versus ZSM-5 crystal wt% Normalized conditions
2.1
Analogous results have been observed in our laboratories through equlibrium catalyst analyses in the FST (fluidized simulation test). Figure 6 shows how at the same FST activity, the FST propylene yield with 5 wt% of B.O.O.S.T. is higher than the FST C3= yield reached with 5 wt% of K-2000.
FST C3= versus FST activity
1.7
iC4=, wt%
8 1.3
0.9
FST, wt%
0.5
72.0
72.5
73.0
73.5
FST, wt%
91
90
89
Issue 68
Courier 9