Julian Banzon

Julian Banzon - Filipino Chemist: Filipino chemist, Julian Banzon researched methods of producing
alternative fuels. Julian Banzon experimented with the production of ethyl esters fuels from sugarcane and coconut, and invented a means of extracting residual coconut oil by a chemical process rather than a physical process. Julian Banzon - Degrees:

BS in Chemistry from the University of the Philippines - 1930

Ph.D. in Biophysical Chemistry from Iowa State University - 1940 Julian Banzon - Awards:

1980: Distinguished Service Award - Integrated Chemist of the Philippines, Inc.

1978: Chemist of the Year Award - Professional Regulation Commission

1976: Philsugin Award - Crop Society of the Philippines Dr. Banzon has done a great deal of
work on local materials especially coconut as the renewable source of chemicals and fuels. His work on the production of ethyl esters from sugarcane and coconut is the first study on fuels from these crops. He also devised some novel processes noteworthy among these is the extraction of residual coconut oil by chemical, rather than by physical processes For these and many more significant scientific works, Dr. Banzon has been accorded honors and citations notably: Distinguished Service Award, Integrated Chemist of the Philippines, Inc. (1980), Chemist of the Year Award, Professional Regulation Commission (1978) and the PHILSUGIN Award for research, Crop Society of the Philippines, 1976.

Lourdes Jansuy Cruz, PhD

Lourdes Jansuy Cruz, PhD is a Filipina biochemist. She is best known for her research on the properties of toxins found inConus snails. She was conferred the rank and title of National Scientist in 2008. Education and Career Dr. Lourdes Cruz graduated with a BS Chemistry degree from the University of the Philippines, Diliman in 1962. She then finished her MS and PhD in Biochemistry at the University of Iowa, United States, 1966 and 1968, respectively. Upon her return to the Philippines, she served as a research aide in 1962 at the International Rice Research Institute. She then began teaching as assistant professor at the UP Department of Biochemistry in 1970, and became a full professor in 1977. Cruz then served as chair of the UP Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from 1980 to 1986. In addition, she was also a research associate and professor in the University of Utah. Currently she is based at the UP Marine Science Institute. Research and Contributions Dr. Lourdes Cruz has published over 120 scientific papers, and has contributed greatly to the understanding of the biochemistry of toxic peptides gathered from the venom of fishhuntingConus marine snails. Her studies contributed to the characterization of over 50 biologically active peptides, which were later used as biochemical probes for examining the activities of the human brain. In 2001, she established the Rural Livelihood Incubator, a program which aimed to alleviate poverty and socio-political instability in the rural areas by giving job and livelihood opportunities to their people. \

Amando Kapauan
Amando Kapauan (July 4, 1931 October 12, 1996 ) was a chemist and researcher. He graduated magna cum laude from University of the Philippines, Diliman in 1952, with a bachelors degree in chemistry. He obtained his doctorate from the University of Southern California in 1959. In the Ateneo de Manila University Department of Chemistry, he worked on inorganic and physical chemistry, particularly on radioactive bromine. With other colleagues, he initiated investigations in the 1970s on heavy metals analysis in our environment. He was among the first to look into the problem of mercury in the environment, and he designed the appropriate equipment for mercury analysis in water, fish and soil. Kapauan linked with international groups, taught one of the first environmental chemistry courses in the country, and involved himself in policies on urban-rural planning. He later went into the field of electronics, specifically chemical instrumentation. Together with Fr. William Schmitt, S.J., they pioneered the maintenance, design and modification of instruments. Kapauans first publication appeared in the Journal of Chemical Education in May 1973. He also started to interface traditional instruments with the increasingly popular PC. By the 1980s, his students were designing software for them, including Fourier Transform of signals. He redesigned a spectrophotometer with vacuum-tube technology into one with solid-state technology, run by a PC with software written by his students. He designed and built new electrochemical systems, which merited publications in Analytical Chemistry (the leading journal of analytical chemistry worldwide

Pio Andrade
Andrade was born on November 3, 1941 from the gold town of Paracale, Camarines Norte, Philippines. He earned his Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry from the Mapa Institute of Technology in 1962. In 1974, he took up advanced studies in food technology, earning a Master of Science degree from the University of Florida. In the same year, he was inducted as an associate member of Sigma XI, The Scientific Research Society of America for his work on pesticide biodegration. He made several researches on radiation chemistry, textile chemistry, food product development, pesticide chemistry, ethnobotany, and biomass energy. Andrade is also a freelance technical consultant. He has assisted non- governmental organizations (NGOs), local government units, small and medium enterprise (SMEs), and various religious groups in their projects related to livelihood generation, rural industrialization, appropriate technology, and alternative energy technologies. According to the author information in his book, he enjoys gardening, and is a botanist by avocation. He also considers himself as a "history buff." Historian Andrade confessed that he has been longing to become a freelance journalist for a long time. His dream finally came true when, in 1993, he substituted for popular historian Ambeth Ocampo as the Philippine Daily Inquirer's history columnist with his short-lived column Past Present when the latter entered the cloister as a Benedictine monk for a brief period during the mid 1990s.

He still contributes agricultural articles for the Philippine Daily Inquirer from time to time.[1

Francisco Quisumbing
Francisco Quisumbing - Filipino Inventor: Filipino chemist, Francisco Quisumbing invented Quink ink, which is used in Parker Pens. Quink ink is named after the inventor. It is a quick drying ink with a cleaning property that prevents the ink from clogging the pen. He earned his BSA at University of the Philippines Los Baos in 1918, his MS at the University of the Philippines Los Baos in 1921, and Ph. D. in Plant Taxonomy, Systematics and Morphology at the University of Chicago in 1923.
CareerFrom

1920-26 he was attached to the College of Agriculture in U.P., and from

1926-28 to the University of California; in 1928 appointed Systematic Botanist and since February 1934 Acting Chief of the Natural Museum Division of the Bureau of Science, Manila, now Director of the National Museum. When assigned to the U.S. Navy in Guiuau, at the southern tip of Samar, made collections in that region. He retired as Director in November 1961, and was for some following years attached to the Araneta University. Dr. Quisumbing undertook restoration of the Herbarium which was completely destroyed during the war. Dr. Quisumbing was author of taxonomic and

morphological papers, many of which deal with orchids, including Medicinal plants in the Philippines (Manila 1951)

Robert Boyle
Although his background was in alchemy, Robert Boyle is thought to be one of the founders of modern chemistry, if not the first modern chemist. In addition to chemistry, he dabbled in physics, philosophy, and inventions. Many of his theories were published in "The Sceptical Chymist," which was published in 1661. These relate from a wide range of subjects that range from combustion and respiration, to how colors are formed and the chemical breakdown of solid matter. Boyle was born in Ireland yet traveled around Europe for his academic training, including a winter spent studying in Florence with Galileo. He then returned to London to carry out much of his professional career. The most important discovery that Robert Boyle remains well known for is Boyle's Law. This discusses the inversely proportional relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas, as long as the gas is kept at a stable temperature. The basics of this law had already been hypothesized by Richard Towneley and Henry Power, and then were proven through scientific method by Boyle and his assistant, Robert Hooke. In basic terms, if the pressure goes up, then the volume will go down. In the 1600's, there was little capacity for extreme temperatures so this mainly relates to stable temperature.

Another area in which Robert Boyle was quite well known for his contributions in was the elements. He believed in elements as existing to be indecomposable particles of larger material forms or bodies, and distinguished in between compounds and mixtures. He and his assistants worked hard on techniques to detect their various different ingredients, which was then called "analysis" in his workshop. Some of his other contributions in the world of physics include his discover of the role that air takes in the propagation of sound, the different effects of gravity, the compounds of crystals, and the fundamentals of electricity. For his contributions to the scientific method and research into such phenomena as the breakdown of elemental particles and forms, Robert Boyle has earned his title as the first modern chemist. He did a great deal of work and his findings are still read in their published forms to this day. Although he is quite well known for his work in the physics world, it was his ideas and experiments about chemistry, and his passion for the field, that have made him stand out as one of the fathers of chemistry.

Henry Cavendish
In the 1700's, the field of chemistry was just starting to really distinguish itself from physics. Henry Cavendish was an English chemist and physicist who helped to pioneer this field, and is mainly known for discovering hydrogen as well as for the ambitious "Cavendish experiment," which gave an estimate of the density of the Earth. He was born in 1731 in France, the son of aristocrats. A well-known hermit, this eccentric scientist built secret staircases so that he could communicate with servants only through written notes, and was only spotted in public to attend scientific lectures or events. This dedication to solitude allowed Henry Cavendish to obsessively pursue his true love, science. He carried out hundreds of chemistry experiments in his home laboratory. While only a few of these were put into print, the record of experiments has managed to survive. One of his most famous printed papers was the "1766 Three Papers Containing Experiments on Factitious Airs." This detailed a series of experiments that he conducted, including reactions between solids and liquids to create chemical reactions. One of the most important was a demonstration of just how hydrogen and carbon dioxide differed from the atmosphere at large. The discovery of hydrogen, which Henry Cavendish called "inflammable air," is perhaps his most important contribution to the modern world of science. He discovered this in 1781, and how hydrogen differed from oxygen in the air. This work was also explored in greater detail by other scientists in operation at the same time, including Antoine Lavoisier and James Watt. Another discovery that he made was that there is a residue in decomposed air that cannot be broken down any further, which he called an "inert" gas. Later scientists identified this same inert gas as the element argon. Cavendish's work also helped lead to the discovery of nitric acid. In 1798, Henry Cavendish published his estimate of the earth's density, which is now almost exactly what modern scientists have also deemed it to be. In many ways, he is now considered to be almost a century ahead of his time. He also started to pioneer the field of electricity, which was then taken further by scientists decades later. Although

many of his works remained unpublished during his lifetime, the physicist James Clerk Maxwell published them a century later in 1879, and they proved to be extremely influential on a new generation of scientists. Cavendish's work remains highly regarded to this day.

Antoine Laurent Lavoisier

Termed by some to be the "Father of Modern Chemistry," Antoine Laurent Lavoisier came from a distinctly noble background, and used his privilege to ascend the ranks of scientists of the era. He was profoundly fascinated by chemistry and biology, and studied these in depth throughout his formal training period. By closely examining previous theories that had been put forth, he was able to improve upon them using the scientific method and create his own theories that have been the backbone of modern atomic chemistry and nuclear theories. One important scientific advancement that Antoine Laurent Lavoisier discovered was in relation to the previous work that had been completed by Henry Cavendish. This was that the "inflammable air," or hydrogen, that had been discovered by the Englishman, could be converted to water, or H2O, when combined with oxygen. This was instrumental in improving the knowledge that chemists at the time had about putting together the building blocks of elements to create new chemical compounds, and understand more about how matter works. Lavoisier thus gave these elements the names oxygen and hydrogen, which are still used to this day. The first law of conservation of mass was also invented by Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, which is also a scientific principle that is used heavily to this day. This basically states that when mass is able to change either its shape or form, the mass will remain the same no matter what. That is a fundamental principle that is extremely important to understanding the physical sciences. He also was responsible for writing the first official list of elements, which he termed the "Elements of Chemistry." This was then adapted over the years to become the Periodic Table of Elements that is taught to chemistry students from a very young age. Lavoisier was the first to change the language of chemistry in this way and set these common standards. For all of these extremely important discoveries that were made in the laboratories of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, he will be remembered as being the chemist that helped make the full transition from alchemy to modern chemistry. His genius was in taking previous discoveries and fleshing them out into practical rules, laws, and language that could be set as a standard for generations of chemists to come. Though he reached an untimely end during the French Revolution at the hands of the guillotine, his legacy lives on through his work.

Amedeo Avogadro

Most famous for pioneering work in the world of chemistry, leading to Avogadro's law, Amedeo Avogrado was born and died in the city of Turin, Italy. He began his studies in the law field, but also pursued his personal interests in the natural sciences. After practicing law for several years, he went on to teach natural sciences in a high school near his home town. During this time, he also branched out and began the series of experiments and theories that would in time lead to Avogadro's law. These were all published throughout his teaching career, and throughout the rest of his lifetime. This law states that if there are equal volumes of gas existing under equal temperatures and pressure conditions, the gas volumes will then contain correspondingly equal numbers of molecules. That is under the assumption that a molecule's weight will be proportional to a gas's density. Another major contribution that Amedeo Avogadro made to the world of chemistry was his help in clearing up existing confusion about the differences in molecules and atoms. He suggested that although matter is made up of smaller units, or molecules, those molecules could then be broken down into even smaller units, known as atoms today. That was an idea that had not yet been fully realized in the current state of chemistry. After the publication of Avogadro's law and other theories surrounding these chemical principles, Amedeo Avogadro was promoted to first chair of mathematical physics at Turin University. During his tenure there, he engaged in a number of experiments that further broke down the principles of the particles that make up matter in the world around us, and published a four-volume work detailing all of this information in 1841. The number of molecules that make up one mole, or one gram of weight in a molecule, was called Avogadro's number or Avogadro's consultant, as a tribute to the man who did so much for the study of numbers and particles. Politically, Amedeo Avogadro was rumored to have helped sponsor and help a group of Sardinians who were in the process of planning a revolution. He was allegedly removed from his position at Turn University because of this, although historical accounts differ in just how much of a role he actually played in this activity. Avogadro was eventually reinstated to his former position at the university, and also worked as a member of the Royal Superior Council on Public Instruction. His name remains most synonymous, however, with the law that he helped pioneer.

John Dalton
One of the most important pioneers in the development of what is now known as Modern Atomic Theory, John Dalton was best known for his experiments on the formation of mixed gases, including steam, at various temperatures. These were carried out during the

earlier portion of his career, and were published in a series of papers and lectures that detail the way that gases can be absorbed by water or other liquids. This capability of absorption led to Dalton's law, which discussed the law of partial pressures and how this operates in the world of chemistry and physical sciences. The results of these experiments into water, gas, pressure, and how they all interact with one another led John Dalton to publish a table of relative atomic weights. This included six of the elements, including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and carbon. He broke down various gasses and liquids to help isolate these different elements, and then weighed them individually through a series of chemical experiments. Another area that John Dalton distinguished himself in was the study of color blindness. This has also been termed Daltonism, in recognition of his contributions to the field and because he also suffered from this condition. During his time as a member of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, which he was elected to in 1794, he published his first paper on the issue, theorizing that color blindness was caused by a discoloration located within the eyeball. Although that theory has since been disproven, it was one of the first scientific attempts to describe this condition and since then has been built upon by modern scientists. Other areas of study that he engaged in during this time include the color of the sky, steam, the origin of natural springs, and dew. However, it's the work that John Dalton completed on the nature of mixed gases and atomic theory that is what he is most well known for. That includes the thermal expansion of gases, how vapors operate at different temperatures and may expand or change pressure, and what applications these results could have. This broke down the nature of gasses into different parts. Dalton's findings were published in Manchester in a series of four critically acclaimed essays, which were then used as the basis for future atomic study into the nature of gasses and their various applications under pressure, which has become modern atomic theory. I. Eye examination

Vision tests are not equivalent to eye examination. Vision tests are a part of an eye exam to determine if there is any reduction in the ability to see. Most vision tests check visual acuity that is the sharpness of central vision. Refractive errors, such as myopia (shortsightedness), hypermetropia (farsightedness) and astigmatism are the most common causes of visual acuity.

The first step in the eye-screening exam is to assess the persons visual acuity by using either a standardized visual acuity chart or a near card for bedside use. II. Hearing Test

A hearing test provides an evaluation of the sensitivity of a persons sense of hearing and is most often performed by an audiologist using an audiometer. An audiometer is used to determine a persons hearing sensitivity at different frequencies.

There are other hearing tests such as Weber test and Rinne test.

III. Dental Examination / Dental Tests

A dental test is complete if it allows identification of all active factors that are capable of causing or contributing to the deterioration of oral health or function. It is incomplete if it does not provide enough information to develop a total treatment plan aimed at optimum maintainability of the teeth and their supporting structures.

IV. Measuring Weight

Adults who are overweight and have weight related medical problems or a family history of such problems can benefit from weight loss. Even a small weight loss can improve your overall general health by lowering your blood pressure and cholesterol levels. It is important to maintain a healthy weight for protection against obesity related illness or disability. Underweight may need to gain some weight, this should be done as part of a balanced and nutritious diet. Weight is in good range eating the correct amount of food to keep your weight in the desirable range for health. Overweight cut down on the amount youre eating, especially food and drinks high in fat or sugar, and try to do more physical activity.

V. Measuring Height 1. Remove shoes, bulky clothing, and hair ornaments, and unbraid hair that interferes with the measurement. 2. Take the height measurement on flooring has a flat surface such as a wall with no molding. 3. Stand with feet flat, together, and against the wall. Legs are straight, arms are at sides, and shoulders are level. 4. Look straight ahead and that the line of sight is parallel with the floor 5. Accurately record the height to the nearest 1/8th inch or 0.1 centimeter. VI. Pulse Measurement

Your pulse is the rate at which your heart beats. Your pulse is usually called your heart rate, which is the number of times your heart beats each minute (bpm). The pulse rate can give important information about overall health and fitness.

It is measured as part of a physical exam. Your pulse usually has a strong steady or regular rhythm. It can be performed by anyone by putting pressure on any artery in which pulsations can be felt. Pulses can also be felt behind the knee, on top of the foot, or in the neck, temple, or groin. An occasional pause or extra beat is normal. Your heart rate will speed up a little when you breathe deeply.

Fast pulse A fast heart rate may be caused by: 1. Activity or exercise. 2. Anemia. 3. Decongestants. 4. Fever. 5. Heart disease. 6. An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). 7. Medicine used to treat asthma. 8. Stimulants such as caffeine, amphetamines, diet pills, and cigarettes. 9. Drinking alcohol. 10. Stress.

VII. Mental Examination

A psychological evaluation or mental examination is an examination into a persons mental health by a mental health professional such as a psychologist. A psychological evaluation may result in a diagnosis of a mental illness.

It is an important part of the clinical assessment process in psychiatric practice. A structured way of observing and describing a patients current state of mind, under the domains of appearance, attitude, behavior, mood and affect, speech, thought process, thought content, perception, cognition, insight and judgement. The data are collected through a combination of direct and indirect means: unstructured observation while obtaining the biographical and social information, focused questions about current symptoms, and formalised psychologicaltests.

Ang heograpiya ay tumutukoy sa pag-aaral ng mga katangiang pisikal ng daigdig, ang pinagkukunang yaman at klima nito, at ang aspetong pisikal ng populasyon nito.

Ang heograpiya ay pag-aaral, pagsusuri ng pisikal na katangian ng daigdig. Maari itong ibilang sa natural na agham at agham panlipunan. Sa pag-aaral nito, nauunawaan natin ang uri ng daigdig na ating ginagalawan, kung ano ang klima nito, kung paano natin iaakma ang ating sarili o paano tayo makikibagay. Ang mga salik ng Heograpiya tulad ng klima, panahon, lugar, kinaroroonan at pinagkukunan ng yaman, ay isinasaalang alang sa pag-aaral ng Kasaysayan. Ang pag-aaral ng lokasyon, tiyak na kinaroroonan batay sa digri ng latitud at longhitud ay bahagi ng Heograpiya. Bukod dito, mahalaga rin ang heograpiya upang matukoy ang direksyon. Halimbawa ay naligaw ang isang dayuhang pilipino sa ibang bansa, di sila magkaintindihan dahil sa magkaibang lingguwahe. Sabihin lamang ang kinaroroonan o ituro ang direksyon sa pamamagitan ng mga paraang Absoluto, Bisinal, Kontinental, at Insular. Maalam mo rin sa Heograpiya ang klima, panahon, at anyo ng lupa o tubig na makatutulong sa iyong pagtatanim, pangingisda, at pwede rin ang pagnenegosyo. Maraming naitutulong ang pagaaral ng Heograpiya sa Kasaysayan dahil dito mo matatagpuan o mahahanap ang historic places atbp., saan nagsimula o saan magsisimula, mga tamang lugar, mga natural disasters at kung saan lagi itong nagaganap, ETC....