Architectural copper review

Magazine for copper in the construction industry | 2004 / 2

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Saaga in a Laplandish environment

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Beautiful building in a new section of the city

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Kungstrdgrden in Stockholm

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Construction on Svalbard

p.20 The Eesti Kunstimuuseum project

stainless | copper | technology

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This edition of Outokumpus Architectural Copper Review shows the many ways copper can be used in house building. New creative ways to use copper have been developed that build upon traditions dating back several hundred years. We are also happy to see how our new methods for patination are being used. Patination is an area where we have conducted research for many years and that has been created for the purpose of renovating existing buildings, but that is also ideal for new construction where a patinated look is desired from day one. If you would like to know more about the subject, please go to our website www.outokumpu.com where you will find information about techniques, assembly methods, products and reference buildings. The editorial board would also like to get your comments and hear about new and exciting projects. Lennart Engstrm, Editor

Architectural copper review 2. edition, December 2004 Architectural copper review is published twice a year and has a circulation of 1.000 copies. Publisher is Outokumpu. The magazine is distributed to architects and professionals in the building construction industry in Europe. Editor: Lennart Engstrm +46 21-198254, Address: Outokumpu Copper Products, Metallverksgatan 5, 721 09 Vsters, Sverige, fax: +46 21-198704, lennart.engstrom@outokumpu.com Publisher: Lennart Engstrm, Outokumpu. Editorial staff: Mogens Prstegaard Dennis Wraamann Jan Erik Holler Hannele Numminen Hkan Svedman Denmark Denmark Norway Finland Sweden telephone: +45 telephone: +45 telephone: +47 telephone: +358 telephone: +46 4323 7700 3956 5056 6755 4620 2626 6616 21-198250 mogens.prastegaard@tibnor.se dw@danske-ideselskab.dk jan.erik.holler@outokumpu.com hannele.numminen@outokumpu.com goran.aldestrom@outokumpu.com

Front page picture

New office for the pension insurance company Sampension Tuborghavnevej 14 2900 Hellerup, Denmark

Layout and technical production: Det Danske Idselskab, telephone.: +45 3956 5056

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Saaga in a Laplandish environment

Finnish Lapland with its rolling hills, soothing to the eye, is a popular and multifaceted travel destination.Tourists from all over the world visit the northern mountains, especially during winter and autumn when the landscape is coloured by the russet autumn glow.
Ylls is one of Finlands best known mountains and a popular ski resort. Ylls became even more diverse in the spring of 2003, when the new spa hotel Saaga was built. Laplands nature and copper Several different facade materials were used for Hotel Saaga. When planning for buildings in Lapland, particular consideration must be given to the demanding and

By Hannele Numminen, Finland

changing conditions. The material must be suitable for both the heat of the summer and the biting cold of the winter. Architect firm Arktes Oy in Uleborg was commissioned to design a hotel that

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Photographer: Mikael Linden

gracefully blends in with the mountainous landscape. The Nordic barren nature became a magnificent framework for the project. As the weather conditions in Lapland are unusually severe, the materials used must be durable and have certain characteristics. Over the course of the year the difference in temperatures can be as much as 60 degrees! Because of this copper was a suitable choice as one of the facade materials. Copper is in a class of its own when it comes to workability and durability in all conditions. A centre part in copper In the centre of Hotel Saaga is the main entrance to the hotels lobby and restaurants. In this part of the facade, pre-oxidized, dark brown Nordic Brown copper was used. The copper was assembled by Napapiirin Yrityshallit from Rovaniemi.

To the building site, 1,100 square metres of 1 x 700mm copper strips were delivered, which before assembly were divided into different lengths. The strips were then joined together by a simple vertical seam, with consideration to the heat flow in the copper. The seams were locked with hidden cleats and then sealed with oil. The assembly work itself, performed during cold and snowy conditions, was successful, even though the copper smiths had to do the work wearing gloves due to the freezing temperatures. The beautiful and comfortable Hotel Saaga opened in March 2003 and has now been in business for over a year and a half. The hotel offers numerous facilities in addition to regular hotel services and is perfect for todays rushed people the hotel is specialized in spiritual well-being and physical revitalization. The hotel offers 83 guestrooms, a spa and a large

number of rehabilitation services. Furthermore, Saaga has a separate pool area, saunas and many possibilities for recreation. The hotels exterior architecture and colours fit in nicely at the base of the mountain, where the landscape changes colours with the season. And the natural copper gracefully follows the colour scheme of the surroundings.

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The city hall building seen from the west, with the entrance to the left facing Stortorget. In the background Martenstorget and the Krogno building dating from the 17th century.

Lunds city hall 40 years old

After decades of discussions, investigations and several architecture competitions for a new city hall building in Lund, the municipality started the planning in 1960 for the Stortorget area and the old city hall building. Certain confusion existed due to the lack of an updated plan for this the oldest part of Lund. Thus, as the hundreds of construction plans for the building site were delivered in 1964, the architect wrote on a note to the city representatives: As I now hand over the building plans for the city hall, I thank you for giving me enough time to plan this extraordinarily demanding work. Soon, the construction work was underway and after a few years the city hall, stretching over an entire city block, was finished. As a child I often peeked through a crack in the hoarding surrounding the building site. At first it almost made me feel dizzy just to look down. Far down there in the mud the archaeologist crawled around in small groups. Some of the items they found are today exhibited at the Museum of Cultural History in Lund. Triangular block When architect Klas Anshelm at the end of his life alone with a small tape recorder described his projects, he did it with sharp direction in a single take. However, when it comes to the work with Lunds city hall, Anshelm sometimes returns to the subject with new comments. The project was obviously exhausting but also of great personal significance to him. His descriptions

By Per Qvarnstrm, architect, Sweden

concern in particular the work with the overall solution for the project. The answer was as simple as it was brilliant. The tall concert hall and the lower session hall for the city government council are placed freely in a triangular main building that in itself becomes a small block. Around the building, smaller, more intimate areas and defined office spaces are formed. There is also room for a bank, shops, a foyer, a garage and much more. The interior becomes original and beautiful. Simple materials Brick, steel, concrete, glass and wood; these basic materials make up the main part of the building. But finely scrubbed plaster and beautifully oxidized copper greatly influence the

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The chestnut tree to the left is irrigated. In the foreground a sculpture by Eduardo Chillida. Surrounding brick buildings are reflected in the large windows.

The concert halls copper-covered structure has external vertical ventilation ducts. In the background Lunds cathedral can be seen.

overall impression of the building. In particular, the totally copper-clad, tall concert halls sweeping shape can be seen from all directions in the neighbourhood. From certain angles more dominating, but the architect has cleverly pulled back the big volume from Stortorget to make the city hall more prominent from that viewpoint. A fine achievement by a tradesman whose reputation in the cultural preservation circles of the time was not always considered the best. Copper will last Verner Andersson, born 1938 and now a retired metal sheet worker, tells about the metal work on Lunds city hall: Well, it was work for two-three men in periods during a couple of years. I was 27-28 years old and worked together with a man named Ekholm. He was a few years older. We worked for Srenssons metal works in Lund - this company no longer exists. We did piecework, but we seldom had vertical metal work of this magnitude. The architect was stubborn. The

Architect Klas Anshelm in front of the city hall building in 1969. In the background the town hall can be seen to the left.

City hall seen from Botulfsgrnden. The top roof area and the concert halls technology platform can be reached through the glass encased spiral staircase.

large window ledges would have to connect directly to the brick. We told him there would be runoff that would turn the facade green, which happened. Subsequently we had to add extra ledges at the upper levels later on. Besides this, after almost 40 years practically nothing has changed on the exterior of the building that is otherwise rather difficult to maintain. The window areas, almost all front doors and the scrubbed plaster are original. No exterior building parts have been added. And the copper has only partly been supplemented or replaced, mainly in connection with additional insulation of the horizontal concrete roofs.

Tore Gransson at Lunds municipality is responsible for the maintenance and he sees no need for metal repairs for many years to come. The municipality also knows that it has a very special building in its care. The construction of Lunds city hall involved a big investment of the municipality. They decided to go through with a proposal from one of the most sought after architects in the country, who with great enthusiasm performed a demanding task. In return Lund received a representative building that since its inauguration has drawn considerable and justified international attention.

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Sweden House is renovated and gets new copper roof

Sweden House, situated in one of Stockholms most desirable office and business areas on Hamngatan across from the department store NK, is presently going through a complete renovation and expansion with an additional floor.

By Lennart Engstrm, Sweden

Built in 1969, Sweden House was designed by architect Sven Markelius, one of the great names of the 1920s classicism and later also the functionalism. The building was initially designed to house organizations for cultural relations. With its characteristic facade it has become a cultural landmark in the centre of the city. During the last year the building proprietor, Vasakronan, has carried out an extensive renovation of the building with assistance from architect firm Ahlsn Inredningsarkitekter AB, which won the prestigious task of combining 1960s aesthetics with the most modern quality and design. Two entirely new floors with office space have been added. Here,

future tenants are offered first-class offices with the best location at a wellknown address! The new floors have facades entirely clad in copper and a new roof of strip-covered copper. Sheet metal works Svenska Pltentreprenader AB performed the 2,500 square metres large copper covering of the new floors. The metal work was done with a factory-oxidized Nordic Brown copper sheet. The factory-oxidized dark surface of the copper is achieved by letting the copper strip pass through an oxidation line in the manufacturing process in the rolling mill. The oxide layer has the same colour and texture as the naturally developed oxide. Depending on the climate

and other external circumstances the dark surface will, with time, shift to green patina when exposed outside. Also the strip-covered roof areas are done with factory-oxidized half-hard copper. The facade is built up with horizontal copper strips connected with an angled seam verge. The new dark-oxidized addition to Sweden House is in my opinion another good example of how copper successfully can be combined with other building materials and create bridges between different styles, and thus contribute to a harmonious architectural dialogue between the materials.

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A beautiful building in a new section of the city

We have earlier written in Architectural Copper Review about the construction of a new office for the pension insurance company Sampension in Tuborg Syd, a brand new section of the city north of Copenhagen. The building is now finished and constitutes the work environment for more than 300 employees. Sampension is one of Denmarks largest pension insurance companies and handles mainly pension matters for the labour market. The building has therefore been given a solemn, but at the same time open, welcoming architectural language. The building is made up of two bodies: one angled that carries a square tubular element. The angled body of the building is covered with verdigrisgreen granite from Brazil, while the square tubular body to a large extent gets its characteristics from the copper cladding, which consists of shutters that are alternately turned inwards and outwards. This gives the copper facade a sophisticated relief feeling that contrasts nicely with many of the neighbouring buildings, which are characterized more by todays fondness of glass facades. Well thought-out sun shield The copper shutters of the facade of Sampension can be turned so that the employees get a free view. But they are also perforated with small holes that make it possible to look out even when the shutters are turned down to shield from the sun. The shutters are manufactured in factory-oxidized Nordic Brown and no less than 60 tons of copper were needed for the facade. Rich. Mller A/S manufactured the material and delivered the perforated cassettes, while the actual facade covering was performed by Kai Andersen A/S. The story-high cassettes will with time change to a light green patina and thereby give the building a lighter overall impression. It will be very interesting to see how this patina will match the green granite on the other part of the building. Unfortunately, this will not happen for a few years, as the patination takes longer today than it used to. There is not a lot of heavy polluting industry in Copenhagen that will help the patination.

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Motor-driven work comfort When looking at the solutions to Sampension's office building we find many interesting details that are worth mentioning. To remain with the copper, the shutters are motor-driven and activated by the employees pressing a button. However, the buildings automatic system will turn all individual settings back to zero at the end of the day, so that they are in their original positions when the employees come in the next morning. Kurt Norman Pedersen at Kai Andersen A/S tells us that all shutter frames are manufactured in stainless steel: The copper is extraordinarily corrosion-aggressive towards steel and it is therefore necessary to use stainless steel in order for the construction to keep its high quality for many years to come.

the interior. In the centre atrium there is a 27 metre tall light installation with fibre optic cables that attract attention. The fibre optic creates a veil in front of the meeting rooms and diversion with its changing colours, and gives off humidity through water drops running along the fibres down into a basin at the bottom of the installation, where the water is collected.

Besides this, the motor-driven comfort goes even further, with the installation of a computerized mobile shelf system that employees can use by the touch of a panel. Furthermore, aesthetic considerations have been taken not only of the exterior, but also of

Proprietor: Sampension Architect: 3 x Nielsen Facade: Kai Andersen A/S Material: Outokumpu Nordic Brown (Half hard) Manufacturing: Rich. Mller A/S Facade covering: Performed by Kai Andersen A/S

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Elegant combination of a city building in brick and the addition characterized by copper cladding.

In the heart of Roskilde is Roskilde County High School, situated right next to Roskilde Cathedral, where Denmarks royalty are laid to rest. Roskilde was originally Denmarks governing city and has an interesting history, which gained a new dimension when a Viking ship was found in the fiord in the early 1960s. However, at Roskilde County High School more contemporary problems are occupying teachers and students. As more and more young people apply to the high school each year, the building at Domkirkepladsen has become too crowded. With a prognosis of more than 700 students it is necessary

Copper for a high school with growing pains

to expand, and this task was presented to the countys permanent collaboration partner in this area: Skaarup & Jespersen in Hellerup. Location, history, architecture and todays demand on functionality should all be incorporated to an entity when we plan in such a sensitive area as central Roskilde says architect Hans Appel at Skaarup & Jespersen who is in charge of the project. Initially, the entire discussion was about how to find a site for the new building. This was resolved by the possibility of buying a neighbouring house that could be torn down to give room. Copper - a natural choice When the necessary land area for the building had been secured, the planning and design work could begin. According to Hans Appel it was a matter of course to use copper for the building. This for two reasons: On one hand copper had already been used for

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Approximately five tons of copper were used to cover the tower, roof and facades.

The extension has many nice details, for example this courtyard with the Cathedral in the background.

the original part of Roskilde County High School, on the other hand copper had been used for the twin towers of the historic Roskilde Cathedral, which borders to the high school. Architect Hans Appel: With copper covering on the new buildings tower and facades we draw a straight line to the rest of the block and back to the historical buildings surrounding us in the centre of the city. Furthermore, this is a protected area, which contributes to the tight limits for how much we will allow ourselves to do. Architect Lone Busk drew the first lines for the project, after which Hans Appel took over and brought it to the bidding stage, which was the projects first objective. In Denmark, an architect firm such as Skaarup & Jespersen, that serves as proprietor advisor for Roskilde County, cannot itself continue the project and carry it through. Almost 1,100 additional square metres The total contract was won by Elindco Byggefirma A/S, and together with, among others, Henrik Srensen MAA

Architects they were commissioned to do the actual construction, but with Hans Appel as the countys representative at the work site. Today the building is finished and in use. It houses several classrooms and project rooms, and even the teachers lounge has found space in the new building. This has at the same time created space for a larger dining-hall in the older part of the building. Towards Bondetinget the building looks like a regular city building with plastered facades and a red tile roof, says Hans Appel. The building facing the courtyard is built in finely structured brick with extensive use of copper cladding. We have used approximately five tons 0,75mm thick copper sheet and strips. Eckeroth/Gladsaxe Tag & VVS did the sheet metal work in cooperation with the full contractor Elindco. The result is worth seeing. The high school did not only get more space for the growing number of students. It also got an extension that in spite of its modern details and functions fits nice-

ly into the protected city centre. And not least, the use of copper has built a bridge between the past and the present.

Architect: Henrik Srensen MAA Proprietor: Roskilde Amt Building year: 2002 Consulting: Full consulting Sheet metal works: Eckeroth/Gladsaxe Tag & VVS

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Kungstrdgrden in Stockholm adorned with copper

In the centre of the city and in the heart of Stockholm is Kungstrdgrden, popularly called Kungsan. The park dates back to the 15th century, when the land was used for horticulture. Several centuries later the park was turned into a beautiful renaissance garden. For the last hundred years, the park that is surrounded by 20 metre tall leafy lime tree avenues has been a green oasis in the city. Here different activities take place all year, from music festivals to Christmas markets, and during the last few years also a restaurants day. During these festivities the entire park is often filled with people. As a result there have been extensive studies of the condition of the trees in the park over the last few years. Studies show that most trees were seriously rot- and fungus damaged. The rotting weakens the trees and increases the risk of falling branches that could injure visitors to the park. A frequently visited park such as KungThe drainpipes are built into the exterior wall

By Lennart Engstrm, Sweden

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san cannot risk injuries due to falling branches and because of this the Stockholm department of streets and properties decided to do a full renovation of the park. The old and diseased lime trees will be replaced over a three-year period and the work will be carried out exactly according to the 200 year old planting maps. In addition, Sdergruppens Arkitektkontor AB was commissioned to draw the plans for four restaurant buildings in the park. Architect Gabriel Herdevall came up with a proposal where pavilions were placed along the east side of the park facing Kungstrdgrdsgatan. The pavilions serve as sound barriers against the street and large windows open up to the park and walkway. The characteristic, curved pavilion roofs were made in copper. To use copper for the pavilions was a natural choice in this part of Stockholm. In the blocks around Kungsan with palace-like old buildings, there is a long tradition to use copper for roof covering. Many of the adjacent roofs have with time also developed the natural green patina that is characteristic for copper. When building on land dating back from the 15th century, great care has to be taken in the detailed planning. As for the roof covering, an analysis of how rainwater from copper roofs affects the environment was made. In

The copper sheets have been pre-joined together as a single unit to cover the entire length of the roof by the sheet-metal workers, in order to simplify the assembly at the construction site.

this case, runoff from the roofs takes place via drainpipes mounted in the external wall with connecting distribution pipes to a sandstone bed for final filtration into the park ground. With the help of research results from, among others, the Royal Technical College in Stockholm, it is today possible to, with rather simple methods, estimate the runoff from a copper surface and how the metal in the runoff reacts with the surroundings. The documented runoff from the roofs turned out to be within limits

and has no negative effect on the environment. Cement and limestone are long known to interact with rainwater and bind the copper ions during formation of the green mineral malachite. The first copper pavilion was built in the spring of 2003 and another three were built in 2004. The last pavilion is planned for completion in spring 2005. Hagalunds sheet metal works was commissioned to install the copper roofs on the three pavilions built this year. The roofing is done with 0,6-mm copper sheeting assembled in traditional covering. Via a valley gutter the rainwater is conveyed to the built-in drainpipes. The pale plastered facades meet the roof in a soft, slightly rounded connection made of copper.

View from Kungstrdgrdsgatan

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Construction on Svalbard
in harmony with the unique environment
In the previous issue of Architectural Copper Review we described how the sheet metal workers prepared for the building of the new 8,500 square metres research village outside Longyearbyen on Svalbard. The article showed some of the problems of carrying out a demanding craft in extreme weather conditions. Also planners and building proprietors are facing various problems when planning for such a large project as Svalbard research village. For example, laying foundations and putting down pipes in areas with permafrost can be problematic. Another very important consideration is to not disturb the natural balance of the barren fauna on the island. Here it is especially important to analyse the choice of materials from an overall aspect and select materials that are environmentally friendly, as Svalbard has a very limited and unique fauna that must be preserved. Before the facade and roof materials finally were selected, project leader Astrid Reikvam at Stadsbygg, the building proprietor, initiated at an early stage an environmental analysis in order to minimize future environmental effects. Based on existing research findings it is possible to estimate the amount of copper that could be set free from the building. An important parameter for the calculations is the yearly precipitation, which for Svalbard is relatively low, only 120 mm/year. Other important factors are angles and aspect of the different bodies of the building. It turned out that very small amounts of copper were set free and these are believed to have no effect on the environment. With the answers from the

By Lennart Engstrm, Sweden

evaluation, Stadsbygg could make the decision to cover the facades as well as the roof with copper. Traditionally, tar paper has been used for the houses on Svalbard and the roofs have been repaired and re-roofed with close intervals. This type of roofing, however, could be less desirable from a maintenance aspect as well as en environmental aspect. It is difficult to make a general classification of materials as good or bad. Reality is not black or white; all materials have advantages and disadvantages. Choices and recommendations must be based on an overall evaluation that includes all relevant aspects, including evaluation of the alternatives.

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THE K ALEIDOSCOPE
The lecture hall at Sveaplan High School is being renovated
The lecture hall at Sveaplan High School has been given a new roof of traditional copper covering. Oscar Jansson sheet metal workshop has performed the roofing, and reports that the work went along well. The only problem was a peculiar theft, as some thieves one night stole copper sheeting that had just been mounted on the roof the day before. The copper roof was installed with annealed copper sheeting.

Athen's train station

A new 5,000 m2 open shed made in patinated copper now gives shelter from the rain to the waiting passengers.

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Prefabricated copper solutions

Elegant, beautiful and maintenance free Produced by E.J. VVS, Herning.

Proposal for grandiose copper construction in Copenhagen

Dutch architect Erik van Egeraats vision for Copenhagens harbour is six copper and glass towers on Kryers Plads in Copenhagen, the tallest of them 55 metres.

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The stairways at the rear of the building are covered with prepatinated copper and have large glass surfaces that allow daylight to pass through.

When old
The folks at Askim Sparebank were convinced, just by looking over to the next street corner, that their new building should be covered by copper, and not zinc. The result is a successful renovation and extension, where prepatinated copper creates a perfect transition between old and new. When those in charge of the renovation and extension of Askim Sparebank began their planning, there were many different suggestions. The task for stre Linje Arkitekter, the architecture firm chosen for the job, was to renovate the existing building and design a new building for the adjancent corner lot and a block of apartments adjacent to the corner building. It was decided that the new house would be built in brick, like the existing one, but there was some discussion on what surface material to use. Zinc was considered, but as zinc had been used on the balconies of the

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The original building borders to the new building with the glass facade in the corner.

and new meet

building across the street, there was some concern that too much zinc would give a lifeless impression, and the architects therefore decided on copper. Now they needed to determine which type of copper to use. Expressive surface with Nordic Green PLUS The building committee looked at several different types of prepatinated copper and decided on the Nordic Green PLUS method. An alternative method gave the material a bluish glow, but with Nordic Green PLUS, the natural patinated glow, structure and variation in the surface that was aimed for appeared. The result proves that the building committees decision was the right one. Prepatinated copper frames the windows facing the street. The corner building is characterized by large glass surfaces, while the residential block on the side street is entirely covered by copper. The stairways at the rear of the building are covered with copper as well, broken up by large glass partitions that allow the daylight to pass through. Positive reactions from the customers The surface of the older building was earlier aluminum that had been painted green. Theres a noticable difference today with the green patinated copper, which characterizes the entire block. A total of six tons of copper was delivered, and it was treated on site by Erling Freitag AS, who did the sheet metal work. Thus, what was used was not factory-patinated copper, but untreated material that was brushed with the liquid immediately before the assembly. This gives a beautiful and varied structure with life and movement of the colours. Askim Sparebank is very different from both its zinc-covered neighbour across the street and the old surface with painted aluminum sheets. There have been many positive reactions, both from customers and from people living along the street, and this naturally pleases the members of Askim Sparebank building committee, and inspired them to travel to Finland to visit the factory that delivered the copper.

The corner buildings glass front contrasts nicely with the light, prepatinated copper that characterizes the residential section of the building along the side street.

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Illustration: Pekka Vapaavuori

The Eesti Kunstimuuseum project moves forward

By Pekka Vapaavuori, architect
The Eesti Kunstimuuseum project is based on an international architecture competition that was decided on April 1, 1994. First prize was given to bo-based Finnish architect Pekka Vapaavuoris proposal Circulos. The work started immediately after the contest and in January of 1995 the revised outline plans on a scale of 1/200 were handed over. The project was on hold for the following years. In 1999 the continuous financing was guaranteed and the actual planning could be started. After a few delays a building permit was granted in the summer of 2002. After extensive excavation work the construction was started in the fall of 2003. The building is planned to be finished in September 2005 and the museum will be inaugurated at the end of that year. The location of the museum on the site and in the park environment The site on the outskirts of the Kadriorgi Park has two sides: At the base of the twenty metre tall limestone precipice, which is surrounded by a lush park landscape, one is totally unaware of the busy road 100 metre southwards. The areas upper level opens up to an entirely different view. The landscape is split in half by Laagnaroad mountain gorge and

farther eastwards the large suburb of Lasnamki can be seen, while the centre of Tallinn with its towers can be seen to the west. The basis of the planning was to fit a large building into the area and at the same time keep the Kadriorgi Park as unspoiled as possible. It was desirable to preserve the old valuable trees and reserve the park mainly for pedestrians. The light from the lighthouse in Lasnamki decided the buildings maximal height. Because of these conditions the building was lowered into the slope. As the building is partly placed below ground level it gives an impression of being smaller, and is not a threat to the Kadriorgi Palaces predominate position in the park. This solution also creates a functional connection between the upper level and the park.

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General solutions for the building

The building, which is partly surrounded by a concrete wall circle, is well suited for the needs of the museum. The circular wall defines the museums courtyard in a natural and discreet way and meets the security requirements without completely closing off the courtyard. The wall also encloses an area of sculptures, which serves as part of the park when the museum is open. The busy traffic is led to the museums basement via a 130 metre long tunnel, directly from Laagnavgen. Parking and the closest bus stops are located at the upper part of the site. From here the visitors are taken via a tunnel for pedestrians through the sculpture park to the museums front entrance. On this level there is a ticket office, shop and entrance to the exhibits. The

museums other entrance can be reached via a ramp to the auditorium lobby, from which visitors continue to the main entrance foyer. Crossing bridges dominate the tall entrance that divides the museum into two parts. The planners have sought simplicity and definition, especially in the galleries where the goal has been anonymity to give room for the art. The ascetic features of the interior can also be seen in the external distinctly geometric shapes.

Nordic Green PLUS-copper on the facade and inside

When selecting materials the architects have sought clarity. Three different kinds of facade materials were used. The curved concrete wall has a surface of limestone brick that connects the building to the surrounding limestone verge.

The northeast wall is mainly a doubleglazed facade. The special-made glass diffracts and filters the light to suit the museums exhibit halls. Horizontally joined green-patinated copper sheeting covers the part of the building containing the exhibition halls. There is totally about 4,000 square metres of copper covering on the exterior, the major part Nordic Green PLUS-copper. The greenpatinated copper was in the picture even at the contest stage in 1994, before Outokumpu had a finished product for patination, and pre-patinated copper surfaces could be found only on a few buildings in central Europe. Patinated copper will also be used in the interior of the building. The total area of the building is 23,900 m2 with a volume of 123,000 m3.

www.copperconcept.org

International website on copper in architecture

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Building renovation in Germany

with patinated copper
On Bernadotte-Strasse 104-114 in Hamburg, just below the perhaps better known Elbchaussee with its exclusive flats, there is a house that was built during the fifties.The building proprietor wanted to add another floor and commissioned architect firm Lbbert & Quibeldey for the task.The result was a new floor and an entirely new roof shaped like a wave with a slope of approximately seven degrees. After evaluation of different technical solutions for the roofing, the choice stood between a strip covering and a traditional covering of copper that followed the shape of the roof. Finally, the alternative with the strip covering was chosen, as in this particular case this technique turned out to be the most beneficial both technically and economically. When it later also turned out to be possible to use factory-patinated strips of the Nordic Green PLUS type, the last pieces of the puzzle fell into place. A sheet met-

By Klaus Docter, Germany

Detail of connection to skylight

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The roofing is finished but the work still continues from the scaffolding on the facade.

al factory from Steinfurt was contracted to do the mounting of the new copper roof of approximately 1,700 square metres. The copper strips were pre-fabricated as much as possible at the Rutkowski Metalldacheindeckungen sheet metal shop before the material was transported to the construction site. With seam dressing, sizing and

curving already being performed at the sheet metal shop during favourable conditions, the assembly time at the building site, normally the most costly stage, could in this case be considerably shortened. The copper strips were delivered with a protecting plastic foil that prevents the patina layer from being damaged

or scratched when worked on. The installation at the site was done with traditional tools and techniques. The ambitions and commitment of the sheet metal workers to perform highquality work is apparent in the nice impression you get when walking around on the roof where all details can be closely examined.

View over the green roof landscape

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Architectural copper review | 2004 / 2

Faraday House
in London is renovated
By Lennart Engstrm, Sweden

Michael Faraday (1791-1867) was a British chemist and physicist who became one of sciences big innovative experimenters. He was best known for his groundbreaking experiments with electricity and magnetism. It was Faraday who in 1834 introduced the term electrode. At his retirement he was allotted a house in Blackfriars near St. Pauls Cathedral, where he lived until his death 1867. Today the building is owned and maintained by British Telecom. An extensive renovation of the entire building is presently underway, and during last spring the roof was renovated.

Completely new roofing was done with pre-patinated copper. The company Marshott Non Ferrous Roofing was contracted to do the strip covering in copper. It was the first time this company had performed roofing with pre-patinated copper of the Nordic Green PLUS type. We were a bit uncertain in the beginning, they said. We did not quite know then how the pre-patinated surface would be affect-

ed when worked on at the site. However, we soon discovered that the patinated surface could stand all normal handling and even mechanical treatment with seam sealing. When studying the roof from the street level most people probably believe that the beautifully green-patinated copper roof has been there for several hundred years.

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