PREFACE

In learning any language Tenses play an important role. It is quite often seen that even after many years of learning the English language, the learners face a lot of difficulties in using tenses correctly and appropriately, some of them are - the use of the Future tense after When and If, the sequence(s) of tenses in Indirect speech, the use of the passive structure, the use of the simple past and Present perfect, the use of the stative verbs, etc., which stops them from learning fast and error free sentence structure. An attempt is made to make the presentation as practical as possible. This will make it possible to give a clear complete treatment of each problem, and will enable the user to concentrate just on the point he needs information about. This will help the learners learn Tenses and the basic structure of English through English (avoiding the translation method). All the general description of language is directed toward the students need to understand their problems regarding the basic structure in both written and spoken. This material is supplement to the classroom teaching, which will make the learners learn the English Language fast and with ease, at the same time this will be a handy book for them to revise whatever they have learned in the class, whenever they feel like it. This will make it easier for them to recognise each structure and problem that occurs while learning. Thus, they will have an opportunity to learn English through English and use the error free structure in reallife situations. This material is designed for students who have little or no under standing of the structure of the English language. By no means this is an intensive review grammar; nor is it intended as a complete description of all grammatical structures. However, some terminology has been made simpler and some terminology has been introduced in this description of English in order to make students learn English through English.

THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Tenses
(Supplementary to Classroom Teaching)

1
By

HARISH KHANNA

HARISH KHANNA ( M.A.English, M.A.Linguistics, M.Phil. Linguistics, PGDTE )

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Contents
The English Language Tenses - Vol. 1

Preface .......................................................................................... iv

Introduction to Language Learning ...................................... 1

H.K. Khanna
Subject and Predicate Types of Sentences Sentences Structure ........................................................... Lesson 1.Positional Sentences - (Use of Be) .............. 2 Status Location Age Relationship Existence Comparison UT Expressions Dialogue .......................................................................................... 9

First Published 1998 Revised Edition 2001

Lesson 2. Possessive Sentences (Use of Have).. ..... 13

All Rights Reserved. No part of it may be reproduced or recorded by any means without the written permission of the publisher.

Relationship
Possession Characteristics Action Special use of have Purpose ......................................................................... 15 Causatives ..................................................................... 16 Emphasis ....................................................................... 18 Existence ....................................................................... 19 Lesson 3 Obligation (Use of Have to) ...................... 21-28 (Sentences showing Obligation) Use of have to Use of be supposed to Use of bound to Use of ..necessary to Dialogue Existence Lesson 4.Simple ............................................................... 29-36 Lesson 5. Progressive Sentences ........................... 37-42 Exercise Lesson 6. Perfect Tense ............................................... 43-51 Lesson 7. Perfect Progressive Tense ............... 52-53

This booklet is meant for the students studying at DIELL only. It is not for sale.

Published and printed at DIELL Shop # 16-C, First Floor, Hudson Lane, Delhi 110 009, INDIA Email: diell@usa.com

Analysis of Sentences ............................................. 54 Additional Exercises .......................................... 55-60

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