BITUMEN SEAL AND RESEAL DESIGN CALCULATION SHEET

Job Details-Double Double Seal 19mm/12.5mm

Date: Office:.. Job / Order No:.... Road No. / Name: Location: Roadloc:.. To: ... km to km from towards Length .mtr. Width ...mtr. Area sq.mtr. No. of lanes..

Type of Treatment
Seal (S) or Reseal (RS)

Single Binder Single Aggregate (SS) Single Binder Double Aggregate (SD) Double Binder Double Aggregate (DD)

DD

Existing Surface Conditions

Bituminous Surfaced Pavement: Primed (P), Primersealed (PS), Sealed (S), Asphaltic Concrete (AC) or Cement Concrete (CC) Unit Lane Direction or Description Surface Texture Bleeding (B),Flushed (F),Smooth (S), Matt(M),Hungry(H),VeryHungry(VH) Age of Surface Standard Ball Penetration (Seal only) mm

P
Shoulder Lane 1

Existing Aggregate Size (nominal) Lane 2 Lane 3 Lane 4

mm Shoulder

Yrs. mm

Aggregate for Seal or Reseal

Unit Type of Aggregate: Crushed (C), Partly Crushed (PC), Rounded (R) Dry Strength: Shape: Nominal Size Average Least Dimension (ALD) Size checked of the existing seal surface (for reseal) Basic Spread Rate Factors for Spread Rates Adjusted Spread Rate Spread Rate Loss Allowance Design Spread Rate (Figure 1) (Table 1) =FxI (Table 2) = H x (100 G )100 F I H G Quality of Aggregate: High (H), Medium (M), Low (L) Cubic (C), Angular Good (G), Angular Average (AV), Flaky (F) mm mm yes/no m/m 1st Application 2nd Application

crushed Medium / low Angular good 19mm 11.5mm n/a 60 1.0 60 2 58.9 12.5mm 7.61mm yes 90 1.3 117 3 113.5

% m/m

Precoating: Precoating Material Type Precoating Material, concentration (if diluted) Precoating Material, rate of application Precoat / Adhesion Agent combination Lab test

% L/m yes/no

Figure 1
BASIC AGGREGATE SPREAD RATE (square metres per cubic metre)

Table 1.
FACTORS APPLIED TO SPREAD RATES OBTAINED FROM FIGURE 1
Type of Seal
Single Bitumen / Single Aggregate Single Bitumen / Double Aggregate First Layer ( 14mm aggregate) Second Layer ( 7mm aggregate) Double Bitumen / Double Aggregate First Layer Second Layer Double Bitumen / Double Aggregate (Delayed application of second layer) First Layer Second Layer

Factor to be applied
1.0 (no adjustment) 1.1 2.0 1.1 1.0 (no adjustment) 1.0 (no adjustment) 1.3

Note: Factors greater than 1 indicate that less aggregate is to be used

Table 2.
ALLOWANCES FOR AGGREGATE SPREADING LOSSES
Average Least Dimension ALD (mm) Allowance for Spreading Losses Under 5.0 6% 5.0 6.0 5% 6.0 7.5 4% 7.5 9.5 3% Over 9.5 2%

Binder for Seals or Reseals

1 Application of Double Seal or Reseal
Type of Binder: Unit Lane Direction or Description Traffic Volume Commercial Vehicles (% Total Volume) Preliminary Voids Factor (Figure 2) P Y Z v/l/d HV% L/m/mm L/m/mm L/m/mm L/m/mm Vf m n o p Va V F A B C D E L/m/mm L/m L/m L/m L/m L/m L/m 0 to 0.02 0 to 0.01 0 to+ 0.01 - 0.02 0 0 0.18 +0.005 +0.01 0.195 0.18 0 0 0 0 0 0.18 2.07 0 0 -0.1 -0.2 1.77 250 40 0.145 +0.005 +0.01 0.16 0.16 -0.02 0 0 0 -0.02 0.14 1.61 0 0 -0.1 -0.2 1.31 250 40 0.145 +0.005 +0.01 0.16 0.16 -0.02 0 0 0 -0.02 0.14 1.61 0 0 -0.1 -0.2 1.31 Adhesion Agent Type/Rate: Shoulder North South Lane 3 Lane 4 Shoulder
st

Aggregate Quality Adjustment (Table 3) Aggregate Size Adjustment Initial Basic Voids Factor (Table 3) =P+Y+ Z

Correct within Upper/Lower limits (Fig2) Adj Adj Adj Commercial Vehicles: (Table 4) Climbing Lane: Overtaking Lane: (Table 4) (Table 4)

First layer - Double/Double Seal(Table 4) Total Voids Adjustment DESIGN VOID FACTOR Basic Application Rate = (m+n+o+p) = Vf + Va = VF x ALD 1

Allowance for Surface Texture (Table 5) Or Other Texture Absorption Embedment (Table 5 Note 2) (Table 5 Note 1) (Figure 3)

DESIGN APPLICATION RATE = A+B+C+D+E Preliminary Voids Factor (Figure 2) P Y Z Vf Vf m n o =(m+n+o) = Vf + Va VF x ALD 2 Va V F A C

2nd Application of Double Seal

L/m/mm L/m/mm L/m/mm L/m/mm 0.145 +0.005 +0.01 0.16 0.16 0 to 0.02 0 to 0.01 0 to+ 0.01 L/m/mm L/m L/m L/m -0.02 0 0 -0.02 0.14 1.065 -0.1 .965 0.145 +0.005 +0.01 0.16 0.16 -0.02 0 0 -0.02 0.14 1.065 -0.1 .965 Aggregate Quality Adjustment (Table 3) Aggregate Size Adjustment Basic Voids Factor (Table 3)

= P + Y + Z

Correct within Upper/Lower limits (Fig2) Commercial Vehicles Climbing Lane Overtaking Lane Total Voids Adjustment DESIGN VOID FACTOR Basic Application Rate Absorption

(Table 5 Note 1)

DESIGN APPLICATION RATE =A+C

FIGURE 2
BASIC VOIDS FACTOR Vf

Table 3.
ADJUSTMENTS TO BE MADE TO MID-LINE VOIDS FACTOR
AGGREGATE QUALITY VOIDS FACTOR ADJUSTMENT (Y)
Aggregate Type Rounded Partly Crushed Crushed Aggregate Shape Not Applicable Not Applicable Flaky Angular average Angular good Cubic Voids Factor Adjustment (L/m/mm) + 0.01 + 0.005 - 0.01 0.0 + 0.005 + 0.01

AGGREGATE SIZE VOIDS FACTOR ADJUSTMENT (Z)

Nominal Size (mm) Voids Factor Adjustment (L/m/mm) 7 and 10 mm 0.0 14 mm + 0.01 Both adjustments (Y) and (Z) are applied to the mid-line voids from Figure 2

Note:

Table 4.
EFFECTS OF TRAFFIC COMPOSITION AND GRADES
Traffic Effects Adjustment to Voids Factor (L/m/mm) Heavy vehicles 15% - 30% of total volume - 0.01 Heavy vehicles > 30% of total volume - 0.02 Slow moving traffic in climbing lanes - 0.01 Fast moving cars only (Overtaking lanes) + 0.01 Note: 1. The above effect are cumulative and where more than one factor applies, the allowances should be added. 2. Any abnormally high traffic volumes expected early in the life of a seal should be allowed for by an increase in the design traffic volume 3. For 1st layer of a Double/Double seal adjustment to Voids Factor is: 0.02 (L/m/mm)

TABLE 5
SURFACE TEXTURE ALLOWANCE (Litre / m)

For Proposed Seal or Reseal

EXISTING PAVEMENT SEAL CONDITION TEXTURE DEPTH PROPOSED NOMINAL SIZE 7mm 10mm

SIZE

5mm
A A 0 0 +0.2 +0.3 A -0.1 0 0 +0.2 +0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0 +0.1 +0.2 +0.3 A -0.2 0 +0.1 +0.2 +0.3 A A 0 +0.1 +0.2 +0.3

14mm

Bleeding -Flushed <0.7mm Smooth 0.9mm Matt 1.0mm Hungry 1.4mm Very Hungry >1.8mm 7mm Bleeding -Flushed <0.7mm Smooth 1.0mm Matt 1.2mm Hungry 1.7mm Very Hungry >2.0mm 10mm Bleeding -Flushed <0.7mm Smooth 1.0mm Matt 1.4mm Hungry 1.9mm Very Hungry >2.2mm 14mm Bleeding -Flushed <0.7mm Smooth 1.0mm Matt 1.6mm Hungry 2.4mm Very Hungry >3.2mm 20mm Bleeding -Flushed <0.7mm Smooth 1.0mm Matt 1.8mm Hungry 2.9mm Very Hungry >3.5mm Notes: A = Specialised treatment necessary N/R = Consider alternative treatments Note 1 For Absorption >1% add +0.1 Litre/m2 For absorption < 1% add 0 0.1 litre/m2

5mm

-0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0 0 0 0 0 +0.1 +0.1 +0.1 +0.2 +0.2 +0.2 +0.3 +0.3 +0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0 0 0 0 +0.1 +0.15 +0.2 +0.2 +0.25 +0.3 +0.3 +0.35 +0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0 0 +0.1 +0.1 +0.2 +0.3 +0.3 +0.3 +0.35 +0.4 +0.4 +0.4 N/R -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0 +0.1 +0.1 +0.15 +0.2 +0.25 +0.25 +0.3 +0.35 +0.35 +0.4 +0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0 +0.1 +0.2 +0.15 +0.2 +0.35 +0.25 +0.3 +0.4 +0.35 +0.4 N/R Note 2 Texture allowance for: Seals over primes 0.0 to +0.2litre/m2 Seals over asphalt 0.0 to +0.3 litre/m2

FIGURE 3
EMBEDMENT ALLOWANCE