AXIAL MUSCLES

A. MUSCLES OF HEAD 1. MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION a. MOUTH Muscle BUCCINATOR DEPRESSOR LABII INFERIORIS LEVATOR LABII SUPERIORIS MENTALIS ORBICULARIS ORIS RISORIUS DEPRESSOR ANGULI ORIS ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR ZYGOMATICUS MINOR b. EYE Muscle CORRUGATOR SUPERCILLI ORBICULARIS OCULI c. NOSE Muscle PROCERUS NASALIS c. EARS Muscle AURICULAR MUSCLE NOMENCLATURE Location location NOMENCLATURE location ACTION Wrinkles root of nose Compress nose ACTION Move ears to different position OTHER NAME Sniffing muscle OTHER NAME NOMENCLATURE Action, location Action, location ACTION Draws Eyeball medially Closes eye OTHER NAME NOMENCLATURE location Combi: Action, ..,position Combi: Action location position Location Location, Combi: action,,, Combilocation, size Combi:location, size ACTION OTHER NAME Trumpeeters muscle quadrangularis

Purses lips Sardonic smile triangularis Sweet smile, laughing smile

c. SCALP -EPICRANIUS- moves scalp forward and backward Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION FRONTALIS Location Transverse wrinkles in forehead OCCIPITALIS Location

OTHER NAME

2. EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES- moves eyeball in different positions Muscle INFERIOR RECTUS SUPERIOR RECTUS MEDIAL RECTUS INFERIOR OBLIQUE LATERAL RECTUS SUPERIOR OBLIQUE LEVATOR PALPEBRAE SUPERIORIS ** L-a(6), S-t(4).. NOMENCLATURE Combi: Position, Shape Combi: Position, Shape Combi: Position, Shape Combi: Position, Diretcion of Fibers Combi: Position, Shape Combi: Position, Shape Combi: Position, Shape ACTION NERVE SUPPLY CN 3 CN 3 CN 3 CN 3 CN 6 CN 4 CN 3

3. MUSCLES OF MASTICATION- used in chewing Muscle MASSETER TEMPORALIS MEDIAL PTERYGOID NOMENCLATURE Location Position ACTION Elevates mandible Elevates and retracts mandible Elevates mandible, moves mandible sideside and close the jaws Protrudes mandible side-side, opens the jaws NERVE SUPPLY CN 5 CN 5 CN 5

LATERAL PTERYGOID

Position,

CN 5

4. MUSCLES OF TONGUE a. Intrinsic Muscles- form shape and body of tongue b. Extrinsic Muscle- attached to other structures aside from the tongue Muscle GENIOGLOSSUS HYOGLOSSUS PALATOGLOSSUS STYLOGLOSSUS NOMENCLATURE Points of attchemnt Points of attchemnt Points of attchemnt Points of attchement ACTION Protrudes tongue Depresses and retracts tongue Elevates tongue, depresses depresses soft palate Tongue upwards and backwards NERVE SUPPLY

5. MUSCLES OF THE MIDDLE EAR- contract when there is a loud sound Muscle STAPEDIUS TENSOR TYMPANI NOMENCLATURE Location Combi: action, location ACTION Weakens vibration of stapes Weakens vibration of malleus NERVE SUPPLY CN 3 CN 3

6. MUSCLES OF SOFT PALATE- all are supplied by pharyngeal plexus (CN 9,10,11) and parasympathetic nerve except tensor veli palatini Muscle TENSOR VELI PALATINI LEVATOR VELI PALATINI PALATOGLOSSUS PALATOPHARYNGEUS MUSCULUS UVULAE NOMENCLATURE Combination: action, Combination: action, Points of attchemnt Points of attchemnt Points of attchemnt ACTION NERVE SUPPLY CN v3

6. MUSCLES OF PHARYNX- all are supplied by pharyngeal plexus except stylopharyngeus Muscle SUPERIOR CONSTRICTOR MIDDLE CONSTRICTOR INFERIOR CONSTRICTOR SALPHINGOPHARYNGEU S PALATOPHARNGEUS STYLOPHARYNGEUS B. MUSCLES OF NECK 1. SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES Muscle NOMENCLATURE PLATYSMA 2. LATERAL NECK MUSCLES Muscle NOMENCLATURE STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID Points of attchemnt ACTION NERVE SUPPLY NOMENCLATURE Combi: position, action Combi: position, action Combi: position, action Points of attachment? Points of attachment? Points of attachment? ACTION NERVE SUPPLY

CN 9

ACTION

NERVE SUPPLY

3. SUPRAHYOID MUSCLES- elevate hyoid bone and depress mandible Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION NERVE SUPPLY DIGASTRIC No. of bellies STYLOHYOID Points of attchemnt MYLOHYOID Points of attchemnt GENIOHYOID Points of attchemnt 4. INFRAHYOID MUSCLES- (STRAP MUSCLES) depress hyoid bone and elevate larynx Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION NERVE SUPPLY STERNOHYOID Points of attchemnt STERNOTHYROID Points of attchemnt THYROHYOID Points of attchemnt OMOHYOID Points of attchemnt

5. PREVERTEBRAL MUSCLES- anterior to vertebrae, flex neck Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION LONGUS COLI Combination: size, LONGUS CAPITIS Combination: size, RECTUS CAPITIS ANTERIOR Combi: shape,position RECTUS CAPITIS LATERALIS Combi: size,position 6. LATERAL VERTEBRAL MUSCLES- lateral flexors of the neck Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION SCALENE ANTERIOR-1ST rib Combi: shape, position SCALENE MEDIUS-1st rib Combi: shape, position SCALENE POSTERIOR- 2nd Combi: shape, rib position 7. SUBOCCIPITAL MUSCLES- underneath semispinalis Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION RECTUS CAPITIS Combi: POSTERIOR MAJOR shapeposition RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR Combi: shape MINOR position OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIOR Combi: shape,position OBLIQUUS CAPITIS Combi: shape, SUPERIORIS position 8. LARNGEAL MUSCLES

NERVE SUPPLY

NERVE SUPPLY

NERVE SUPPLY Occipital nerve (c1) Occipital nerve (c1) Occipital nerve (c1) Occipital nerve (c1)

A. EXTRINSIC MUSCLE- attached to other structures aside from laryngeal cartilage Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION NERVE SUPPLY STERNOTHYROID Points of attachment THYROHYOID Points of attachment B. INTRINSIC MUSCLE- attached to other structures aside from laryngeal cartilage Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION NERVE SUPPLY OBLIQUE ARYTENOID AND Combi: direction of close laryngeal inlet CN10 ARYEPIGLOTTIC MUSCLES fibers,.. CRICOTHYROID points of attchemnt Tenses vocal folds CN10 THYROARYTENOID points of attchemnt Relaxes vocal folds CN10 LATERAL CRICOARYTENOID Combi: position, Adduct vocal fold CN10 points of attchemnt TRANSVERSE ARYTENOID Combi: direction of Adduct vocal fold CN10 fibers, points of attchemnt POSTERIOR Combi: position, Abducts vocal fold CN10 CRICOARYTENOID points of attchemnt

C. MUSCLES OF THORACIC WALL- used for respiration Muscle EXTERNAL INTEROSSEI INTERNAL INTEROSSEI TRANSVERSUS THORACIS NOMENCLATURE Combi: position.. Combi: position.. Combi: direction of fibers, location ACTION NERVE SUPPLY

D. DIAPHRAGM- separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity, supplied by phrenic nerve E. MUSCLES OF ABDOMINAL WALL 1. Antero-Lateral Abdominal Muscles- flex trunk and increase abdominal cavity pressure used in activities like defecation, micturition. Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION NERVE SUPPLY EXTERNAL OBLIQUE Combi: position, direction of fibers INTERNAL OBLIQUE Combi: position, direction of fibers TRANSVERSUS THORACIS Combi: diection of

RECTUS ABDOMINIS PYRAMIDALIS- often absent

fibers, location Combi: shape, location

2. Posterior Abdominal Muscles Muscle NOMENCLATURE QUADRATUS LOMBORUM Combi: shape, PSOAS MAJOR Combi: Shape, size PSOAS MINOR Combi:Shape, size ILIACUS F. MUSCLES OF PELVIS Muscle PIRIFORMIS-post wall of pelvis, Greater sciatic nerve emerge OBTURATOR INTERNUSlateral wall LEVATOR ANI COCCYGEUS NOMENCLATURE

ACTION

NERVE SUPPLY

ACTION

NERVE SUPPLY

Form pelvic diaphragm to support pelvic organ Form pelvic diaphragm to support pelvic organ

G. MUSCLES OF BACK 1. SUPERFICIAL- muscles of upper extremities Muscle NOMENCLATURE ACTION TRAPEZIUS Shape For shruggling shoulders LATISSIMUS DORSI Combi: shape, LEVATOR SCAPULA Combi: Action, location RHOMBOID MINOR- attached Combi: Shape, size to medial border of scapula RHOMBOID MAJOR- attached Combi: Shape, size to medial border of scapula 2. INTERMEDIATE- respiratory muscles Muscle NOMENCLATURE SERRATUS POSTERIOR Combi: .., position, ACTION NERVE SUPPLY

NERVE SUPPLY

SUPERIOR SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR LEVATORES COSTARUM

pos Combi: .., position, pos Combi: action,

3. DEEP (postvertebral muscle)- intrinsic muscles of back a. SUPERFICIAL ERRECTOR SPINAE Muscle ILIOCOSTALIS LONGISSIMUS SPINALIS NOMENCLATURE Points of attchemnt SIZE location ACTION NERVE SUPPLY ACTION NERVE SUPPLY

b. INTERMEDIATE Muscle NOMENCLATURE SEMISPINALIS MULTIFIDUS ROTATORES c. INTERMEDIATE Muscle NOMENCLATURE INTERSPINALIS INTERTRANSVERSALIS H. PERINEAL MUSCLES- carry external genitalia Muscle BULBOSPONGIOSUS ISCHIOCAVERNOSUS SUPERFICIAL TRANSVERSE PERINEAL DEEP TRANSVERSE PERINEAL SPHINCTER URETHRA NOMENCLATURE

ACTION

NERVE SUPPLY

ACTION

NERVE SUPPLY

Combi: action,location