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Project Proposal

In todays ever changing business environment, Achieving consistency and sustainability is a core problem for most of the organizations. Every organization tries to achieve sustainability in the market as long as possible. But in doing this they have to face various problems, barriers or factors. The purpose of this research is to identify those barriers and finding solution to achieve sustainability in organizations. So we will look some effective ways to break down the resistance with in business organizations and identify strategies to achieve sustainability with in organizations. Of course for this research project our target population will be employees of the organization. Out of this target population, we will select an appropriate sample size. The scheme of study to identify the variables contributing in the problem would be based on literature review and interviews. The data would be collected through primary sources such questionnaire method. Then by using different statistical tools for the analysis of collected data. After finding solution, we will draw a conclusion on basis of our research work.

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Abstract

Achieving consistency and sustainability is one of the most important and burning issue for most of the organizations in these days. Every organization tries to achieve sustainability in the market as long as possible. A sustainable organization is able to continue its activities and meet its objectives year after year, to make plans for the future and fulfil those plans despite changes in the outside environment, and to develop diversified financial support so that its existence is not threatened by the loss of a single funding source. But in doing this organizations have to face various problems, barriers or factors. The purpose of this research is to identify those barriers and finding solution to achieve sustainability in organizations. So we will look some effective ways to break down the resistance with in business organizations and identify strategies to achieve sustainability with in organizations. The research is descriptive research. Non-probability and convenient scale is used. The data is collected though primary sources. So we developed a questionnaire based on our operational definition facets. It is consisted of 15 questions, and thus got the response of 40 respondents according to our sample size. Thus the data was collected for analysis.

The following are the main objectives of data analysis: checking the reliability and validity of data, testing the developed hypotheses. In this research project, we have calculated the mode and correlation. INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN

By improving the HRM practices such as aligning the shareholders interest, CSR, motivation and training, organizations can achieve sustainability. Good and fair corporate governance practices also contribute towards the sustainability of organization. There is a need to improve economic, social, political and regulatory environment in all over the world it would definite affect the sustainability of the organization.

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Introduction

Achieving consistency and sustainability is one of the most important and burning issue for most of the organizations in these days. Every organization tries to achieve sustainability in the market as long as possible. A sustainable organization is able to continue its activities and meet its objectives year after year, to make plans for the future and fulfil those plans despite changes in the outside environment, and to develop diversified financial support so that its existence is not threatened by the loss of a single funding source. But in doing this organizations have to face various problems, barriers or factors.

The purpose of this research is to identify those barriers that are responsible for creating hurdle in the sustainability of the organizations and then finding their solution. So we will look some effective ways to break down the resistance with in business organizations and identify some strategies to achieve sustainability with in organizations. Another purpose of this research project is learning that how the research is carried out.

This topic has been selected for research because it is a core issue of all the organizations around the world. Every organization is looking to adopt some core strategies that help to achieving sustainability. It is also one of the best research topics of 2009, so would hopeful to get enough information through literature. Thats why we selected this topic for our descriptive research.

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This research may be helpful to solve the sustainability problem of the organizations. It may also be used to solve problems in future. Its another important objective is enhancing knowledge. It helps businesses to identify the opportunities and threats, risks and uncertainties can be minimized. Moreover, it may also be beneficial for evaluating the progress of the business and to exploit more opportunities.

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Literature Review

Sustainability issue also related with the HRM practices. Recent studies showed that HRM practices and strategies have been identified as essential for organizational success (Wright, Gardner, Moynihan & Allen, 2005). Some studies have shown that Sustainable HRM and an extended conceptual model for a theoretical framework based on work to start bridging the gap between a sustainability perspective and Strategic HRM (Wright & McMahans, 1992). Moreover, HRM should also Involve and encourage the members of organization in sustainability practices. Some studies also relate the sustainability of organization with Total Quality Management (TQM), strategic planning, re-engineering and downsizing. It was also found that only few achieved their objective of sustainability through TQM (Rath & Strong consulting firm). Therefore, sustainability initiatives thought that sustainability can be achieved by strongly focus on making changes in accent culture, system, structure and governance of the organizations (Winsemius, 2003). A vast area of research strongly correlates the quality perspective with sustainability. The Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle (PDCA) of Deming (1986) is one of the most powerful quality instruments. Similarly, to measure is to know, as one of the famous principles of quality management. In achieving sustainability through quality or HR perspective, the various economic, social, political, environmental issues such as global poverty, lack of human rights, poor health facilities and corporate governance

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concerns have challenged the organizational sustainability (Symes, 2006). Another study from USAID summarized tools and methodologies in the area of capacity building, quality improvement, effective change and gender analysis. Its purpose is to promote the use of effective tools and methodologies in program design and implementation. Studies of the Open Society Institute showed that organizational sustainability can be increased through expansion of small donors and on membership basis. The basic purpose was developing new sources of revenue which is critical to outgoing sustainability of community based social justice work. Some other studies showed that main objective was to provide a basic introduction to sustainability development concepts is to recognize the challenges of sustainable development; regulatory environment; the opportunities and limits of the public and private sector in meeting these challenges and prepare students for the application of these concepts in functional business topics (Egan, 2005).

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Problem Statement
How can the organizations break down their barriers and achieve sustainability.

Theoretical Framework
In this step we would be able to identify the independent variable of our research problem. The dependent variable Sustainability of the organization is affected by number of independent variables that we identify through literature review. But among those independent variables only four are selected because these are most important. Researchers and literature largely focus on these issues again and again while discussing the sustainability of the organization. Therefore these are selected for further proceeding in our research work. Dependent Variable Sustainability of the Organization Independent Variables 1. Stable Corporate Governance and HRM Practices 2. Stable Economic Conditions 3. Total Quality Management

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3 4. Regulatory Environment

Diagram of theoretical Framework

Stable Corporate Governance and HRM Practices Stable Economic Conditions Total Quality Management Regulatory Environment

Sustainability of the Organization

Hypotheses Stable corporate governance policies increase the Sustainability of the organization. HRM practices affect the Sustainability of the organization. Stable economic condition of a country increases the Sustainability of the organization. If the quality of a product or service is improved or maintained, sustainability within organization can be achieved. INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN

3 If a better regulatory environment exits then sustainability within organization can be achieved.

Operational Definition
In this step, we divide our independent variables into sub-parts or facets. By breaking down the independent variables into facets we would be able to understand the main concept. It would also help us to develop the questionnaires for further proceedings in our research project. So the independent variables are divided in the following manner:

Sustainability of the Organization

Stable Corporate Governance

Total Quality Management

Stable Economic

Regulatory Environme

Motivation

Demand & Supply of Money Financial Interest Rates Product Process

Environmenta l Laws Law & Social

Accountability

Trainin g CSR

Shareholders Rights Employee Empowerment INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN

Target Population
Of course, in this research project our target population is the employees. The employees of COMSATS, HBL, ABL, AlFalah and Mobilink are selected as target population.

Sample Size
From this available population, we decided to select the sample size of 40. It means that for each question, we get point of view of 40 respondents. This sampling is done on random basis. And non-probability sampling technique is used.

Scale
As it was a qualitative data analysis, so likert scale is used to develop the questionnaires. It consists of five options that are often; agree, strongly agree, neutral, disagree and strongly disagree. The same options are used in our questionnaires as well.

Data Collection
There can be two sources of data collection: primary and secondary. The data is collected though primary sources. So we developed a questionnaire based on our operational definition facets. It is consisted of 15 questions, and thus got the response of 40 respondents according to our sample size. Thus the data was collected for analysis. INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN

Coding of Data
Before entering the data in SPSS software, the coding of data was done as: 1 for Strongly Agree 2 for Agree 3 for Neutral 4 for Disagree 5 for Strongly Disagree After coding the data, it was entered into SPSS software for the purpose of analysis.

Analysis
The following are the main objectives of data analysis: checking the reliability and validity of data, testing the developed hypotheses. In this research project, we have calculated the mode and correlation.

Mode The mode is simple calculated to determine the repetition of answer of each question. It shows how frequently the respondents answer about each question.1 shows that most of the answers are given in Strongly Agree,2 shows that most of the answers are given in Agree and 3 shows that most of the answers are given in Neutral

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Variables CSR Accountability Aligning interest Rights of shareholders Motivation and rewards Training and development Defining the goals Employee empowerment Interest rates Demand & supply of money Financial markets TQM Innovation Law and order situation Environmental & social laws

N 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40

Mode 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2

Correlation
The correlation is one of the most common and most useful statistical tools. It describes the degree of relationship between two variables. It ranges from +1 to -1, and is represented by r. If r is +1 then the variables are perfectly positively correlated and if r is -1 then variables are perfectly negatively correlated. For each independent variable, correlation between the facets is calculated. The facets that will be positively correlated with each other would contribute towards the true relationship between our facets and vice versa. This relationship between the facts would also prove the validity and reliability of our independent variables. So it would help to decide whether the null or

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3 alternative hypotheses will he accepted or rejected. Hence we can make

decision whether independent variables affecting the dependent or not.

Correlations Training & Motivation & Reward Accountability Motivation & Reward Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Accountability Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Training & Development Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N CSR Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Rights of Shareholders Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Employee empowerment Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N .471 40 .464 40 .057 .126 40 40 .937 40 40 .831 40 .117 .852 40 .119 .635 1.000 40 40 40 -.013 .937 40 1 .879 40 .035 .006 40 -.030 .543 40 40 1.000 40 1 .126 40 -.013 .798 40 .025 .103 40 .427** 40 .099 .543 40 1 .635 40 .000 .057 40 .246 .266 40 .042 40 .261 .103 .006 40 40 .852 40 .077 .464 40 -.303 40 -.180 .266 40 1 .798 .879 40 40 .831 40 -.030 .471 40 .119 1 -.180 Developmen t CSR .042 .025 Rights of Shareholder s .035 Employee empowerment .117

.261 .427**

1 .099

.077 .000

-.303 .246

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

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Correlations Demand & Interest Rates Interest Rates Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Demand & Supply of Money Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Financial Markets Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N 40 .153 .345 40 -.111 .495 40 40 .240 .136 40 40 1 Supply of Money Financial Markets .153 .345 40 1 -.111 .495 40 .240 .136 40 1

Correlations TQM TQM Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Innovation Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N 40 .157 .333 40 40 1 Innovation .157 .333 40 1

Correlations Law & Order Envir. & social laws Law & Order Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Envir. & social laws Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N 40 .222 .169 40 40 1 .222 .169 40 1

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Findings
Most of the respondents Strongly Agreed that rights of shareholders, motivation and reward, training and development contribute towards best HRM practices. And these HRM practices help to achieve sustainability within organizations. The respondents also Agreed that CSR also contributed towards HRM practices. The respondents also Agreed that Accountability, Aligning interest, Employee empowerment help to achieve stability within organization which leads towards sustainability of organization. The respondents also Agreed that law and order situation and Environmental & social laws affect the performance of organization. So one can say that regulatory environment also affects the sustainability. However, there was a Neutral response regarding the demand and supply of money and TQM. Law & Order situation and Environmental. & social laws are positively correlated, so it proves true our hypothesis If a better regulatory environment exits then sustainability within organization can be achieved. TQM and Innovation are also are positively correlated, so it proves true our hypothesis If the quality of a product or service is improved or maintained, sustainability within organization can be achieved. Interest Rates, Demand & Supply of Money and Financial Markets are positively correlated with each other but Demand & Supply of Money and Financial Markets are negatively correlated. So Stable economic condition of a country increases the Sustainability of the organization. There is a positive correlation between motivation, rewards, CSR, and empowerment, so the hypothesis HRM practices affect the Sustainability of the organization. also proves true. Similarly, shareholders rights and accountability (disclosure of information) are positively correlated, so the hypothesis Stable INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN

3 corporate governance policies increase the Sustainability of the organization. Also proves true.

Solution
By improving the HRM practices such as aligning the shareholders interest, CSR, motivation and training, organizations can achieve sustainability. Good and fair corporate governance practices also contribute towards the sustainability of organization.

There is a need to improve economic, social, political and regulatory environment in all over the world it would definite affect the sustainability of the organization.

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Conclusion

Through this detailed scheme of study and analysis, we would be able to identify the variables that were affecting the sustainability of organization. Then by developing hypotheses and testing them using statistical tools we check their relationship, validity, reliability and goodness. In the end our research showed that HRM practices, corporate governance, economic conditions and stable regulatory environment contribute towards sustainability of organization. They also conflict with each other at some point of time. So if we able to maintain these elements in a better manner, organization can achieve sustainability.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First of all, we would like to thank Almighty ALLAH who helped us to complete this research project. It would never been possible to complete this project without the affection and moral support of our teachers, parents, family and friends. We would like to thank specially to our teacher, Ms. Uzma Naeem who helped, properly guide and support us during the whole research project.

We would also like to thank all those who have contributed and helped us a lot in completion of our project. Particularly, we would specially like to thank Sir, Rizwan Anwar (lecturer CIIT) and Mr. Ghazanafar Abbas Khadim (OG2, NBP) who guided and suggested some solutions to achieve the goals, objectives and problems of our research project.

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REFERNENCES

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3 Harmon, Fairfield & Behson. (2009). A Comparative Analysis of Organizational Sustainability Strategy. Baltic Journal of Management, 12, 135-180. Lacy, Peter., Berthon, Bruno., Lim, Lay.,T., and Boer, Ynse. (2010). A New Era of Sustainability: Perspectives from Asia Pacific CEOs. AsiaPacific Journal of Business Administration, 5, 166-178. Peebles, Ruth. (2007). Planning The Key to Organizational Sustainability. Disaster Prevention and Management, 19(4), 75-80. Ramos, Marisol. (2009). Increasing Organizational Sustainability through Expansion of Small Donor and/or Membership Base. The New World Foundation, 7, 425-428. Rao, Indu. (2009). Implications of Global Crisis: Integrate Sustainability with Organizational Culture. Indian Institute Of Management Ahmadabad India , 1-17. Sarkis, Joseph., Meade, Laura., & Presley, Adrien. (2006). Sustainability in the Built Environment: Factors and a Decision Framework. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 7(1), 6-12. Scanlon, Jane. (2009). Achieving Infrastructure Sustainability Outcomes. Australian Consulting Engineers Association, 22, 333-335. Usaid .(2007). Management and Organizational Sustainability Tool (MOST). Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 2, 45-50. VanSant ,Jerry. (2003). Challenges of Local NGO Sustainability. Society and Business Review, 5(3),107-120. Winsemius, Pieter. (2003). Sustainability, governance and organisational change. Leading Change toward Sustainability, 5(6), 70-84. Wallace, Bill .(2007). Achieving Sustainability through Innovation. Air & Waste Management Association, 5-9.

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The End

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