Karla Mariz D. Jaucian BSBA-FTM FIL 101 Bb. Shirley B.

Salgado

1. Ano ang kahulugan ng Wika? y y y Ang wika ay instrumento ng pakikipagtalastasan. Sa pamamagitan nito, naipapahayag ng tao ang kanyang kaisipan at saloobin sa ibang tao. Mabisang instumento upang magkaroon tayo ng pambansang pagkakakilanlan at pagkakaisa. Etimolohiya (pinagmulan ng salita) - Pag-aaral kung saan nalalaman ang kasaysayan ng salita at kung paano naging iba ang anyo at ibig sabihin sa paglipas ng panahon.  Nagmula ang salitang wika mula sa wikang Malay. Samantalang nagmula naman sa Kastila ang isa pang katawagan sa wika: ang salitang lengguwahe na tinatawag ding salita ang wika.  lengguwahe o lengwahe ay nagmula sa salitangLingua ng Latin, na nangangahulugang "dila", sapagkat nagagamit ang dila sa pagsasalita.

2. Magsaliksik ng 5 mananaliksik tungkol sa kahulugan ng wika para sa kanya. 2.1 Ayon kay Webster, ang wika ay isang sistema ng komunikasyon sa pagitan ng mga tao sa pamamagitan ng mga pasulat o pasalitang simbulo. 2.2 Ayon kay Archibald A. Hill, ang wika ay ang pangunahin at pinakamalawak na anyo ng simbolikong gawaing pantao. 2.3 Ayon kay Henry Gleason, ang wika ay masistemang balangkas ng sinasalitang tunog na pinipili at isinasaayos sa paraang arbitraryo upang magamit ng mga taong kabilang sa isang kultura. 2.4 Ayon kina Lorenzo et al, ang wika ay isang paraan ng paghahatid at pagtatanggap ng lahat ng uri ng mensahe na kinasasangkutan ng magkakaugay ng proseso ng pagsasalita, pakikinig at pag-unawa. 2.5 Ayon kina Buensuceso et al, ang wika bilang isang sining ay pagpapahayag ng isipan at damdamin sa paraang epektibo at kalugod-lugod.

3. Saang aspekto ng pamumuhay magagamit ang wika? Ipaliwanag ang bawat kasagutan. y Pangespiritwal - Masasabi mo ang iyong pangangailangan, hinanakit, naging kasalanan at pagsisihan ito ng taos-puso, at iba pa sa pamamagitan ng pagdarasal. Pang-edukasyon

Mailalahad ang iyong nalalaman sa nasabing paksa. Maibabahagi ang kakayahan sa pamamagitan ng pagsasalita at pagsusulat gamit ang wika patungkol sa paksa. y Pang-ekonomiya - Kapag bibili ka ng isang produkto ay kailangan mong gumamit ng wika upang masuri mo kung ano ang kalidad nito. Kapag magseserbisyo ka ay kailangan mo ring gumamit ng wika Kailangan mong itanong kung ano ang mahahalagang bagay na dapat mong tandaan upang magampanan mo ng mabuti ang nasabing serbisyo. y Pampulitika - Para sa katulad kong Kabataan ng namumuno Nagsasaad kami ng aming saloobin upang mapaganda ang samahan ng mga kabataan sa aming lugar. Nagpapahayag kami ng mga suliraning aming kinakaharap sa nakatataas (punong barangay). 4. Saang saligan o saan nasusulat na kailangang pag-aralan ang Komunikasyon ng Akademikong Pilipino? 1987 Konstitusyon, Probisyong Pangwika Ang Artikulo XIV, Seksyon 6 - Ang wikang pambansa ng Pilipinas ay Filipino. Samantalang nalinang ito, dapat payabungin at pagyamanin pa batay sa umiiral na wika sa Pilipinas at sa iba pang wika. Alinsunod sa mga tadhana ng batas at sang-ayon sa nararapat na maaaring ipasya ng Kongreso, dapat magsagawa ng mga hakbangin ang Pamahalaan upang ibunsod at puspusang itaguyod ang paggamit ng Filipino bilang midyum ng opisyal na komunikasyon at bilang wika ng pagtuturo sa sistemang pang-edukasyon. Ref. Sining ng Pakikipagtalastasan Emmanuel S. Gonzales, Victoria B. Villavicencio, Crispulo S. Alarde, Jr. 5. Magbigay ng isang patunay na ang wika ay nagagamit. Nagagamit ito upang maibalik ang kalayaan ng bansa. Napatunayan ito sa rebolusyon sa EDSA. Nagagamit din ito sa paglutas ng iyong suliranin sa buhay at lipunan.

Nature of Politics and Governance Definition f Political Science - Political science is a social science concerned with the theory and practice of politics, the analysis of political and, political behavior. The study of the processes, principles, and structure of government and of political institutions; politics. Political science is the academic subject centering on the relations between governments and other governments, and between governments and peoples scope of political science - Its scope includes study of the state and the study of political system; covering the study of government, study of power; study of man and his political behavior and study of political issues which influence politics directly or indirectly In order to grasp the true nature and content of political science, it is imperative to discover those aspects of life and the areas with which this subject is concerned Analysis of the past. The study of the past events is indispensable for an effective analysis of the present day situation. In order to have the to have a correct appraisal of the working of different political institution, it is necessary to keep into consideration their working in historical perspective, It is only with the help of the study of the past that we can construct a better future Study of the present. Political science is mainly concerned with the working of the State s machinery and its major aim is to improve efficiency and eradicate road blocks. The study of political science is useful only it incorporates with its fold, a discussion of the working of different political institutions on comparative basis. The field of comparison ought to be vast enough to consider within its purview, all modes of behavior and other factors that shape the output of a political system Understanding the future course. The study of political science is not merely confined to fact-finding or political analysis of the past; it presents, on the other hand, such guiding principles which can be helpful in the solution of political problems. It is necessary that the future course of action suggested by political scientists should be based on a good deal of profound research and through investigation. Moreover, in the field of political enquiry, the most scientific techniques should be employed. More the field of comparison is vast, more the results and compiled facts will be valid and universal.Diffrent areas of study and variables of social life are given below as are directly or indirectly engulfed within the scope of political science. Political ideology and organization. Political ideology and political organization, both comes within the purview of this subject. Political theory includes a detailed discussion on State, in respect of its nature, organization, institution and purpose along with the sphere of its activity. A theoretical discussion on the function of the State through phases and in the contemporary environment, form an important part of political theory. In like manner, rights of the individuals and sovereignty of the State and their co relationship. is another aspect of such discussion. The ideological aspect of political science gives guiding principles regarding grounds of political obligations. What would be the attitude of the citizens, for instance in case a government deviates from its true path? Such

intricate issue and problem can be better appraised and solved through an application of political values provided be political theory.. State commonly refers to either the present condition of a system or entity, or to a governed entity or sub-entity, such as a nation or province. States are served by a continuous succession of different governments. Theories: The Natural Theory- man's urge toward being part of the community. The Force Theory- one person or group forced all people within an area to obey their rule. It happens through war, where the strong dominated the weak.. The Divine Theory- God created the state, and that He gave certain people the "divine right" to govern these lands. The Divine Right of Kings Theory- spiritual power was given to certain as sovereigns of the state and thus absolute power of his subjects. The Social Contract Theory- the state is essentially a contract between the leader and the people. The Patriarchal Theory- the father head of the family. the family is the first constituent of society. Elements: 1. People = refers to the rational inhabitants of a state bind by law, living together for the purpose of mobilizing a polity. people, as an element, serve as the most essential and important characteristic of a state. 2. Territory = principally the geographic profile of a state that includes the land, waters and the space above. 3. Government = the agency and the machinery of the state through which the will of the people is formulated, expressed, and carried out. 4. Sovereignty = the supreme power of the state to exact obedience to its laws upon the citizens. Inherent powers of the state: The inherent powers of a state are all powers not designated to the federal government as specified in the tenth amendment, specifically the "policing power:" this power grants the states the right to police their citizenry in the interest of their health, safety, welfare and morality. Police Power - enforcement of laws Power of Taxation - receipt of a portion of earnings to support administration and government programs Power of Justice - court system Government and Political Ideology In the social sciences, the term government refers to the legislators, administrators, and arbitrators in the administrative bureaucracy who control a state at a given time, and to the system of government by which they are organized.[1][2] Government is the means by which

state policy is enforced, as well as the mechanism for determining the policy of the state. Forms of government: Anarchism - a political philosophy which considers the state to be unnecessary, harmful, or otherwise undesirable, and favors instead a stateless Authoritarian Authoritarian governments are characterized by an emphasis on the authority of the state in a republic or union. It is a political system controlled by unelected rulers who usually permit some degree of individual freedom. Constitutional monarchy A government that has a monarch, but one whose powers are limited by law or by a formal constitution, such as the United kingdom Constitutional republic A government whose powers are limited by law or a formal constitution, and chosen by a vote amongst at least some sections of the populace (Ancient Sparta was in its own terms a republic, though most inhabitants were disenfranchised; The early United States was a republic, but the large numbers of blacks and women did not have the vote).. Republics which exclude sections of the populace from participation will typically claim to represent all citizens (by defining people without the vote as "non-citizens"). Democracy Rule by a government (usually a Constitutional Republic or Constitutional Monarchy) chosen by election where most of the populace are enfranchised. The key distinction between a democracy and other forms of constitutional government is usually taken to be that the right to vote is not limited by a person's wealth or race (the main qualification for enfranchisement is usually having reached a certain age). A Democratic government is, therefore, one supported (at least at the time of the election) by a majority of the populace (provided the election was held fairly). A "majority" may be defined in different ways. There are many "power-sharing" (usually in countries where people mainly identify themselves by race or religion) or "electoral-college" or "constituency" systems where the government is not chosen by a simple one-vote-per-person headcount. Dictatorship Rule by an individual who has full power over the country. The term may refer to a system where the dictator came to power, and holds it, purely by force - but it also includes systems where the dictator first came to power legitimately but then was able to amend the constitution so as to, in effect, gather all power for themselves.[8] See also Autocracy and Stratocracy. Monarchy Rule by an individual who has inherited the role and expects to bequeath it to their heir. Oligarchy Rule by a small group of people who share similar interests or family relations.[10] Plutocracy A government composed of the wealthy class. Any of the forms of government listed here can be plutocracy. For instance, if all of the voted representatives in a republic are wealthy, then it is a republic and a plutocracy. Theocracy Rule by a religious elite. Totalitarian Totalitarian governments regulate nearly every aspect of public and private life. An ideology is a set of ideas that constitutes one's goals, expectations, and actions. An ideology can be thought of as a comprehensive vision, as a way of looking at things as in common sense and several philosophical tendencies or a set of ideas proposed by the dominant class of a society to all members of this society.