CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

U N I V E R S I T Y

ECE 523 K1 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

EXPERIMENT NO. 1

THYRISTOR AND PHASE CONTROL CIRCUITS FUNDAMENTALS

(06/28/11)

SUBMITTED BY: JERICHSON LAUTA BSEE-5

SUBMITTED TO: ENGR. JOSELITO VALDEZAMO INSTRUCTOR

I.

TITLE: THYRISTOR AND PHASE CONTROL CIRCUITS FUNDAMENTALS

II.

OBJECTIVES: y To locate and identify the major components on the THYRISTOR AND POWER CONTROL CIRCUITS circuit board. To locate and identify each thristor in its associated circuit block and verify the results with information presented in theory and visual observation. To describe the basic function and circuit application of each thyristor used in this experiment and verify the results with the information presernted in theory and visual observation.

III.

APPARATUS AND MATERIALS: y y F.A.C.E.T. Base Unit THYRISTOR AND POWER CONTROL CIRCUITS Circuit Board

IV.

PROCEDURE: (Please refer to manual)

V.

RESULTS / OBSERVATIONS: Only numbers with questions are shown on this set. Underlined words are the answers to the problems in the procedure of the experiment. 1. The schematic symbol of the Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) was studied and its terminals were identified.

A = Anode

G = Gate K = Cathode

2. The schematic symbol of the triac was studied and its terminals were labeled.
MT1 = Main Terminal 1

G = Gate MT2 = Main Terminal 2

3. The schematic symbol of the Unijunction transistor was studied and its terminals were labeled.
MT1 = Main Terminal 1 E = Emitter

MT2 = Main Terminal 2

4. The SCR Circuit Block was observed. The Silicon Controlled Rectifier was found out to be the main active component of the circuit bloack. 5. The TRIAC AC POWER CONTROL circuit block was observed. It was found out that the TRIAC is the main active component of the circuit block. 6. The SCR DC GATE HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE circuit block was observed. The Silicon Controlled Rectifier was found out to be the main component of the circuit block. 7. SCR AC GATE and UJT HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE/MOTOR uses a unijunction transistor. 8. The main component of the SCR AC GATE AND UJT HALF-WAVE AND FULLWAVE/MOTOR are the Unijunction Transistor and the Silicon Controlled Rectifier. 10. The circuit blocks with AC source signal are the Triac AC Power Control, SCR DC GATE HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE, and SCR AC Gate and UJT HALF-WAVE AND FULLWAVE/MOTOR. 11. The SCR Circuit block was located. Using a two-post connector the resistor R4 was connected to the potentiometer R3. Yes 12. By then, no power has been applied to the SCR Circuit. No

13. In order to apply power to the SCR circuit, a two post connector was used as a jumper. 14. The SCR DC GATE HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE circuit block was located. A two-post connector was used to connect switch S1 to the variable dc voltage source. When S1 was pressed, a dc voltage can be measured at the SCR gate. Yes 15. When S1 was pressed, a dc voltage was measured at the anode (A) of the SCR. Yes 16. CR1 in the SCR circuit was connected and acted as a half-wave rectifier. Yes 17. The diodes in CR2 formed into Full-wave circuit configuration. 18. The ac source couldn t be connected to the SCR gate (G) with a two-point connector. No 19. The SCR AC Gate and UJT HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE/MOTOR circuit block was located. If a two-post connector was used to connect the ac source voltage to potentionmeter R2, another to connect R3 to CR2, and another to connect CR2 to the gate (G) of the SCR, there would still be no ac path to the SCR gate (G). No 20. If a two-post connector was then inserted between R8 and the SCR anode (A), this connection would still not create a path from the ac source to the SCR anode (A). No

21. The ac souce can be full-wave rectified before it goes to the SCR circuit. Yes 22. A full-wave rectifier accomplishes the full-wave rectification in this circuit. 23. The CR2 in the gate (G) circuit of the SCR can be substituted with the UJT. Yes 24. The resistor R8 in the anode (A) circuit of the SCR can be substituted with a motor. Yes 25. The SCR AC Gate and UJT HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE/MOTOR circuit block doesn t use any dc voltage sources. No 26. The TRIAC AC POWER CONTROL circuit block was located. Using two-post connectors, three voltage souces can be connected to the triac gate (G) terminal through R6. They are Positive DC Voltage, Negative DC Voltage, and AC Voltage. 27. Using two-post connectors, three voltages can be connected to the triac MT2 terminal through R6 namely Positive DC Voltage, Negative DC Voltage, and AC Voltage. 28. The gate (G) circuit of the triac was observed. If a two-post connector were inserted from G to R3, CR1 and CR2 would not be connected to the gate (G) of the triac. No 29. Both CR1 and CR2 can be connected from the gate through R3 to the R2 and C1. Yes 30. To modify the thyristor circuit block, two-post connectors can be used. Yes

VI.

ANSWERS TO EVALUATION 1. This schematic symbol represents a triac. Figure 1-11 (c)

2. This schematic symbol represents an SCR.Figure 1-11 (b)

3. This schematic symbol represents a UJT.Figure 1-11 (d)

4. Parameters unique to a particular thyristor can be found on the manufacturer s y (a) Specification sheet 5. The three terminals of an SCR are y (c) A, K, G 6. Which circuit block does not use a dc voltage source? y (c) SCR AC GATE AND UJT HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE/MOTOR Circuit Block 7. On the SCR AC GATE AND UJT HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE/MOTOR Circuit Block, at what point could you connect a dc voltage source with a two-post connector? y (d) None of the above 8. Which thyristor circuit block on the THYRISTOR AND POWER CONTROL CIRCUITS circuit board can be modified with two-post connectors? y (a) All of the circuits can be modified 9. You can modify the SCR AC GATE AND UJT HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE/MOTOR circuit block by using two-post connectors to replace CR2 with the y (b) UJT 10. In the TRIAC AC POWER CONTROL circuit block, the triac MT2 terminal can be connected to y (d) All of the above

VII.

CONCLUSION The experiment enabled us to locate and identify the mechanisms of the Thyristor and Power Control Circuits circuit board. Basically the different circuit blocks are the Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR), Triac AC Power Control, SCR DC Gate Half-wave and Full-wave, and the SCR AC Gate and UJT Half-wave and Full-wave / Motor. Thyristors are semiconductors used in handling large amounts of power. Commonly, thyristors are used as a switch to the extent that it can regulate power using a phase angle control mechanism. With this, the amount of power output can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the current input as seen in dimmer switches in lights. Moreover, during the experiment, we were able to locate, identify, and familiarize each thyristor in its associated circuit block and we were able to comprehend on the fundamentals as satisfied in our observations and evaluation.