Marh Equivalent Formation This formation lies conformably over the Palna Formation.

The formation contains poorly sorted ferruginous sandstone with clay with plant remains and siltstone. Palana Formation Palana formation lies unconformably over the Parh formation. The formation contains carbonaceous shales, lignite, grey and yellow sandstones with occasional limestone and clay. -----------------------------------------Unconformity----------------------------------------Parh Equivalent Formation Parh Equivalent formation lies conformably over the Lathi Eq. formation. The formation contains dark grey claystone with interbedded sandstone with rich foraminiferal assemblage. Lathi Equivalent Formation This formation lies conformably over the Bap-Badhura formation. In the upper part the formation contains fine to medium grained micaceous sandstone with thin bands of coal. The lower part contains red brittle claystone and pinkish brown ferruginous sandstone in the lower part. Bap-Badhura Formation This formation lies conformably over the upper carbonate formation. Upper unit has thin pebble bed containing pebbles of granite, basalt, dolerite, chert and quartzites embedded in a red clayey matrix. Lower unit has red-yellow and grey calcareous claystone with interbeds of light grey siltstone and occasional sandstone conglomerate containing pebbles and grains of dolomite, chert, quartzite, and sandstone cemented in pink to brown sandy matrix. UPPER CARBONTE The Upper Carbonate formation is a thick sequence of dolostone and dolomitic limestone. In the upper part of this sequence, dolostone and dolomitic limestone (occasionally anhydritic) dominate with interbeds of grey claystone whereas the lower part is essentially interbedded dolostone, claystone and siltstone. The carbonate unit appears to have limited lateral extent with four distinctly identifiable units.

Cambrian The Nagaur Formation unconformably overlies the Bilara-Hanseran sequence. The Formation contains brownish, micaceous siltstones and reddish brown mottled claystone. Bilara Hanseran Sequence The Bilara-Hanseran sequence lies conformably on the Jodhpur Formation. It is barren of fossil and is believed to be of Infra-Cambrian age [6]. It is considered to be the source of oil in the area and with reported TOC of 5-6% [2]. The sequence encountered in Baghewala-1 and Bijnot-1 has been divided into Bilara Dolomite and Hanseran Evaporite (Figure-9). The Bilara Dolomite comprises mainly of dolomite, stromatolitic limestone and shale [6]. It is present in Baghewala-1, but is absent in Kalrewala-1 (Figure-8) and reportedly Suji-1 (Pakistan). The Hanseran Formation consists of halite, anhydrite, dolomite and reddish sandstone, and shale. The total thickness of Bilara-Hanseran sequence has been reported as about 200m. Upper Girbhakar Sandstone Member The Upper Girbhakar Sandstone Member is penetrated in the well Baghewala-1 and comprises 28m thick sandstone with interbeds of siltstone and claystone. The sandstone is arkosic with well-rounded grains, which are coarse to fine grained and well sorted containing occasional siliceous volcano-clastic rock fragments [6]. Small scale cross bedding suggests that the formation was probably deposited in distal braided stream complex with marine influence [6]. It is important to note that based on the seismic evidence in India, these sand units appear to be absent on the paleo-highs and their presence is indicated in the lows as it onlaps on the structural highs.

Jodhpur Formation: Lower Sonia Sandstone Member Lower Sonia Sandstone Member consists Pokhran Boulder Beds, exposed in the two outcrops near Pokhran and Lawan (Figure-4). Their deposition appears to have been controlled by basement topography. The hickness of the Jodhpur Formation is 100m in the type localities of Sonia and Garsuria Hills, but the maximum thickness recorded on surface section is 240m [5].

Infracambrian The oldest Infracambrian sediments overlying the basement are clastics of the Jodhpur Formation of the Marwar Super Group of India and are equivalent to the Machh Super Group of Pakistan (Figure-5). Clastics of the Jodhpur Formation form the primary potential reservoir in the basin. Based on the type section and outcrops in India Figure-4), the Jodhpur Formation can be classified into two members in most parts of the basin: Pre Cambrian The Hachi Volcanics (equivalent to Malani Igneoussuite) forms the basement. The rocks encountered in the wells drilled in Pakistan and in India are comprised rhyolite, weathered tuff, ash, and brittle clay with interbedded flows of basalt and trachyte. Bilara Dolomite The Bilara Dolomite consists of carbonates which vary from finely laminated dolostone showing stromatolite and flaser with evaporitic influx to fine to medium grained, bioturbated dolostone [6]. These are interpreted to have been deposited in coastal marine environments and more specifically in supra-tidal to inter-tidal flat environments which supports the development of secondary porosity. The Bilara Dolomite is a proven reservoir at Baghewala-1 where it exhibits vuggy and moldic porosity. The Baghewala-2 well (shallower than Baghewala-1) did not flow from the Bilara Dolomite due to high viscosity of oil. Kalrewala-1 had oil stains at several levels while Kalrewala-2 had oil at 888-967m in dolostone and Tavriwala had oil at 492-556m [6].