MAKERERE

UNIVERSITY

POULTRY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ACASE STUDY OF SENYONGA AND SONS LAYER POULTRY FARM LUWEERO

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

FACULTY OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS TECHNOLOGY

A project report submitted to the Faculty of Computing and Informatics Technology For the Study Leading to a Project in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science of Makerere University.

Supervisor MR. Michael kizito Department of Computer Science

Faculty of Computing and Informatics Technology, Makerere University Email: mkizito@cit.mak.ac.ug

JUNE, 2011

Declaration
We group number Cs11-53 do hereby declare that this Project Report is original and has not been published and/or submitted for any other degree award to any other University before. GROUP MEMBERSHIP:

NAME

REGISTRATION No.

SIGNATURE

SENYANGE DAVID

08/U/19888/EVE

TURINAWE AGGREY

08/U/19294/EVE

KOMUGISHA DIANAH

08/U/17238/PS

SSENYONJO KASSIM

08/U/19882/PS

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Date: .

Approval
This Project Report has been submitted for Examination with the approval of the our supervisor.

Signed: .. Date: .. Mr. Micheal Kizito. Bsc(CS),Msc Department of Computer Science. Faculty of Computing and Informatics Technology.

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Dedication
We hereby dedicate this work to senyonga and sons layer poultry farm and all the poultry farmers and companies who would wish to automate their farm activities in Uganda.

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Acknowledgement
We would like to acknowledge the assistance of Mr. Kizito Micheal whose supervision and guidance has enabled us bring this project to what we believe is a satisfactory completion. Thanks goes to the veterinary doctor at senyonge and sons poultry, Mr.kiwanuka for his support with detailed information about the farm activities, feed formulation and immunization schedules and also Mrs Mauda a casual laborer at the farm for her support in providing us with the data during our data collection exercise. We would like to thank the staff and management of (AGRI-CONCERNS) Poultry Company for their dedicative support in providing all the information necessary for the success of this project. Special thanks also go to Dr. Ochora the company doctor who assisted us by providing poultry immunization documents. Finally, we wish to thank God who has seen us through this project and we give glory and honor to Him the Almighty. .

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Table of Contents
Declaration..............................................................................................................ii Approval.................................................................................................................iii Acknowledgement...................................................................................................v Table of Contents.......................................................................................................vi List of Tables.............................................................................................................. xi List of figure........................................................................................................... xii List of Appendices....................................................................................................xiii Appendix A 30 .................................................................................................................... xiii Appendix B........31 ......................................................................................................................... xiii Appendix C....33 ......................................................................................................................... xiii List of Abbreviations.............................................................................................xiv Abstract................................................................................................................. xv Chapter 1................................................................................................................. 1 1.0 Introduction...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Problem Statement............................................................................................2 1.3 Main Objective................................................................................................2

1.4 Specific Objectives............................................................................................2 1.5 Scope .............................................................................................................3

1.6 Significance....................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2................................................................................................................. 4 2.0 Literature Review..............................................................................................4 This chapter gives the related studies carried out by others and how to improve on their studies by identifying the loopholes...................................................................4 2.1 Automated controlled feeding in poultry. .........................................................4

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According to David Filmer(David Filmer, 2000) [4], The System records the fundamental average weight of the birds, variation in bird weight, daily and and total feed intake via automatic feed/weigher mixer and daily feed composition and compared targets.............................................................................................4 The system does not include vaccination or immunization schedules, and feed formulation guides lines which are very crucial components in poultry management........................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Family Poultry Development in Mozambique. ...................................................4 According to Filomena dos Anjos and Robyn Alders (2000) [2], Poultry development in Mozambique is widely practiced as a way to eradicate poverty among the natives. A group interested is given money to invest in broilers, provided with basic training in poultry raising techniques and elementary management. Union of Maputo provides credits in form of necessary production inputs. Once broilers are sold accounts should be done and repaid. This shows the need of a system that will help farmers calculate their profits and losses, thus minimizing expenditure...........................................................................................4 2.3 Baseline information about the production management and marketing dynamics of the rural scavenging poultry. (Byarugaba d. k. 2000).[6]....................4 Conducted in the districts of Kumi and Bushenyi for improvement of production and marketing of rural scavenging poultry in Uganda. A questionnaire was administered to selected poultry farmers in the two districts. It was found out that people still lacked management to determine whether the business is profitable.. 4 Therefore, this project is helpful to determine the costs involved and the management and hence assess profits involved.....................................................4 2.4 Controlling Newcastle disease in Village Chickens. ..........................................5 2.5 A layer management system ............................................................................5 A layer management system is designed to record all the transactions and activities involved in a poultry farm, these solutions integrate Flock Performance, Purchases, Sales, Expenses, Feed Formulation, Feed Production and Accounting. (Tulasi desired solutions) 2011[7]...........................................................................5 Depending on the Geographical, Climatic Conditions, Age and Availability of Raw Materials, different Feed Formulae are adapted by the Farmers. A separate module is included in these systems to develop cost-effective formulae. ..............5 For each and every transaction reports are generated to provide greater control over Inventories, Purchases, Sales, Flock Production, Feed Formulation, and Book keeping. Cost per Bird, Cost per Egg and Hen Housed Production reports are generated on timely basis so it is easy to identify performance problems early and correct action can be taken before the performance is adversely affected.........................5 However the system does not include an SMS system to remind the farmer about the right vaccination period....................................................................................5

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It is also not user friendly and easily interactive to the user in terms of generating the total cost of sales. This system will therefore work at covering up the above loop holes thus solving the problem of accountability and vaccination scheduling. ................................................................................................................................ 5 2.6 Poultry management system.............................................................................6 Poultry management system provides advanced management solutions for agribusinesses worldwide. Our computerized data collection, reporting and control systems help advance the agri-industries while providing our staff with an environment rich in innovation, challenge and purpose. (Poultry management system.inc,W. Grand River Ave. )[8] We maintain industry leadership by producing high quality products, embracing change and working as a team to provide timely responses. However the system provides each and every application as a single independent stand alone application function a knot integrated with the other. The system is also incomplete and lacks the vaccination scheduling, accountability and many other functional processes...........................6 2.7 7 Health and disease control.............................................................................6 Major diseases of poultry in Africa that have been predominantly identified in commercial poultry are Newcastle disease (ND), infectious bursal disease (IBD) or Gumboro, Marek disease (MD), fowl typhoid, cholera, mycoplasmosis and coccidiosis (Adene, 1996) [10]. However, Chabeuf (1990) argued that the most devastating disease of village chickens in Cameroon is ND, whereas in commercial poultry, coccidiosis, MD and IBD are more prevalent. Research work in other African countries such as Benin (Chrysostome et al., 1995), Burkina Faso(Bourzat and Saunders, 1990), Mauritania (Bell, Kane and Le Jan, 1990) and the United Republic of Tanzania (Yongolo, 1996) supports the argument that ND is the most devastating disease of village chickens...................................................6 Other health problems in village chickens are external and internal parasites. A study on ectoparasites of domestic fowls in Nigeria showed that lice, Menacanthus straminen, was the major problem in rural poultry (Zaria et al., 1993). In this Nigerian study, the external parasite problem was associated with season - higher rates of infestation occurred during the rainy season.............................................6 This gives a need for a system that can help guide the farmers on how to detect the disease just by observation or detection of the symptom and give details of the drugs and their dosages....................................................................................6 Chapter 3................................................................................................................. 7 Methodology............................................................................................................ 7 3.1 Interviews.......................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Questionnaire....................................................................................................7 3.3 Observation.......................................................................................................7 3.4 Document review..............................................................................................7

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Chapter 4................................................................................................................. 8 4.1 System Design and Implementation..................................................................8 4.2 Current system..................................................................................................9 4.2.1 Work Flow Process of the Current System....................................................10 4.2.2 Weaknesses of the current system..................................................................10 4.3 System Design Features..................................................................................11 4.4 The Proposed System......................................................................................11 4.5 system design................................................................................................. 12 4.5.1 System ASrchitectural Design......................................................................12 4.5.2 Context diagram for the proposed system...................................................13 4.5.3 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM FOR THE PROPOSED SYSTEM....................................14 4.5.4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM FOR THE PROPOSED SYSTEM....................15 4.5.5 Mapping the Relational Entities....................................................................16 4.5.6 Data Dictionary............................................................................................16 Data type..................................................................................................................16 4.6 System design and implementation................................................................18 4.6.1 Organizational Structure.............................................................................18 4.6.2 System analysis............................................................................................18 4.6.3 User requirements........................................................................................18 4.6.4 Functional requirements...............................................................................19 4.6.5 Non-functional requirements........................................................................19 4.6.6 System Requirements .................................................................................20 4.6.7 Documentation.............................................................................................21 4.6.8 Deployment..................................................................................................21 4.7 System Implementation .................................................................................21 4.7.1 C sharp.........................................................................................................22 4.7.2 MYSQL Server...............................................................................................22 4.8 System Testing................................................................................................22

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4.8.1 Unit Testing..................................................................................................22 4.8.2 Integration Testing.......................................................................................22 4.8.3 Compatibility Testing....................................................................................22 4.8.4 Confidentiality Testing..................................................................................22 4.8.5 System Testing ............................................................................................23 4.8.6 Acceptance testing.......................................................................................23 5.1 Presentation of Results....................................................................................24 5.3 Results from Implementation..........................................................................24 Chapter 6............................................................................................................... 27 Conclusion, Summary and Recommendations......................................................27 6.1 Conclusion....................................................................................................... 27 6.2 Recommendations...........................................................................................27 References............................................................................................................28 APPENDICES.......................................................................................................... 29 Appendix A ........................................................................................................... 29 Appendix B.......................................................................................................30 Appendix C.......................................................................................................32

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List of Tables Table 1: staff 17 Table 2: sales 17 Table 3: Ingredient 17 Table 4: feed 17 Table 5: drug 17 Table 6: Chicken 18 Table 7: minimum requirements 20 Table 8: minimum software requirements 21 Table 9: showing work plan. 32

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List of figure

Figure 1: Work flow process 10 Figure 2: system architectural design 13 Figure 3: Context Diagram for the proposed system 13 Figure 4: Showing data flow diagram of the proposed system 14 Figure 5: Showing Entity relationship diagram. 15 Figure 6: showing Organizational structure of Senyonga and sons poultry farm. 18 Figure 7: Showing the vaccination schedule for the PMS. 25 Figure 8: Showing feed formulation interface for the PMS. 25 Figure 9: Showing sales form for the PMS 26

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List of Appendices Appendix A30

Appendix B........31 Appendix C....33

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List of Abbreviations.
PMS Poultry management system MS SQL- Microsoft Server structured query language PF- poultry farm C# - C sharp language Fig - figure

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Abstract
The study was conducted at Senyonga and Sons layer poultry farm. The study was aimed at the automation of the farm practices for example feed formulation, vaccination scheduling including many others.

The methods used in data collection included; total observation, participant observation, interviews and reading. the collected data was analyzed using SPSS statistical package.

After collecting and analyzing data, it was found out and observed that the farm management used to store and retrieve its data manually and also carry out other farm practices manually. We therefore recommend that the farm adopts the automated poultry management system . this may also be taken up by other farms as they may wish. The system is then designed in accordance with specifications to satisfy the requirements and is implemented with Microsoft SQL server, C #.

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Chapter 1 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background

Agriculture is the backbone of East Africas economy in which case layer poultry farming is inclusive. This is due to the increasing high demand of poultry products for example; eggs and meat. Layer poultry farming has of recent become one of the booming agricultural investments in Africa, Uganda inclusive. Layers are particular kind of chicken mainly reared for egg production purposes. In Uganda this economic activity is normally carried out in areas near the major towns for example Masaka, Mukono , Mbale, Luwero and Kampala inclusive due to easy access to market for the poultry products. It has served as a backbone for development for many rural farmers leading to increased income for the farmers and revenue for the government. Layer poultry farming provides cheap source of animal protein and has taken a quantum leap in the last three decades evolving from a near background practice to a venture of industrial practice. Poultry egg is an important source of high quality proteins, minerals and vitamins to balance the human diet. Specially developed breeds of egg type chicken are available with facts of quick growth and high feed conversion efficiency. Depending on the farm size, layer farming can be a mare source of family income and gainful employment to farmers throughout the year This is the reason as to why many people have now opted to invest in layer poultry farming. However, there is a need to automate the daily practices being carried out at the farm, making it easy for farmers to easily and quickly achieve their required goals at the farm. Chicken layer industry is an important intensive animal production system in first developing countries like Austria and America and later was introduced here in Uganda. In western countries like Austria chicken layer industry or egg industry is an important animal production system.

According to statistics, Austria alone consumes about 203 million dozen of eggs per year or 170 eggs per person per year. The eggs are produced from more than 13 million layer hens and there are around 420 companies supplying eggs to the Austrian markets. The value of these eggs as they leave the farm is 8288 million .Approximately 80% of the eggs are produced in cage layer farms with balance coming from ban and free range farms- according to National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD). Backyard egg production is common in Austria and closely tied with countrys fondness of poultry.

1.2 Problem Statement

Senyonga and sons layer poultry farm does not have an application for efficient management of data and storage of its information nor does it have a website. It uses a paper-based system to store its information, which is not well managed thus making it difficult for the farm to keep track of its records. Therefore, this requires the process of evaluating and coming up with a system that can have an impact on the farming techniques acquired by the farmers during training and daily activities. One of the consequences of Senyonga and sons poultry farm is not having in place a layer management system and this has resulted into poor management of the poultry farm in terms of retrieving data about immunization schedules, feed formulation, and the records. 1.3

Main Objective
The main objective is to come up with a prototype system that will help the poultry farmers to easily manage their farms and provide the valuable details and proper information necessary for progressing or to develop an information management system for senyange and sons so that the farm can manage its business information online and make information accessibility easy to the managers of the farm together with the farmer groups.

1.4 Specific Objectives

i. Developing a system that helps poultry farmers to make quick accountability of their business proceedings and be able to know whether they are liable to make profits or losses thus make the right decisions on which business to invest in. ii. iii. Developing a system that helps and guide the farm on the proper vaccination schedules, treatment and medication of different diseases. Developing a system that helps the farmers to retrieve data easily and decide on which management practices to use.

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1.5

Scope
The study was carried out at Senyonga and sons poultry farm in Luwero and covered automation of information management. It focused on how the farm carried out its daily activities in order to determine their performance in relation to the study The people involved included the manager of the poultry farm, veterinary officer, and five casual laborers at the farm. The study aimed at automating of the feed formulation, vaccination administration, scheduling and accountability as the major poultry management practices.

1.6 Significance
This study gave us useful information for the development of a prototype system focusing on reducing attacks from different diseases due to well monitored immunization schedule, and normal growth of the layer chicken due to well portioned mixtures of feeds. The developed prototype helped researchers dealing with related problems and also acted as an area for further research on the improvement of poultry farms. The proposed prototype, adopted by other farmers, lead to a better understanding of the layer poultry farming leading to its improvement.

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Chapter 2 2.0 Literature Review

This chapter gives the related studies carried out by others and how to improve on their studies by identifying the loopholes.

2.1 Automated controlled feeding in poultry. According to David Filmer(David Filmer, 2000) [4], The System records the fundamental average weight of the birds, variation in bird weight, daily and and total feed intake via automatic feed/weigher mixer and daily feed composition and compared targets. The system does not include vaccination or immunization schedules, and feed formulation guides lines which are very crucial components in poultry management 2.2 Family Poultry Development in Mozambique. According to Filomena dos Anjos and Robyn Alders (2000) [2], Poultry development in Mozambique is widely practiced as a way to eradicate poverty among the natives. A group interested is given money to invest in broilers, provided with basic training in poultry raising techniques and elementary management. Union of Maputo provides credits in form of necessary production inputs. Once broilers are sold accounts should be done and repaid. This shows the need of a system that will help farmers calculate their profits and losses, thus minimizing expenditure. 2.3 Baseline information about the production management and marketing dynamics of the rural scavenging poultry. (Byarugaba d. k. 2000).[6]. Conducted in the districts of Kumi and Bushenyi for improvement of production and marketing of rural scavenging poultry in Uganda. A questionnaire was administered to selected poultry farmers in the two districts. It was found out that people still lacked management to determine whether the business is profitable. Therefore, this project is helpful to determine the costs involved and the management and hence assess profits involved.

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2.4 Controlling Newcastle disease in Village Chickens.

(Robyn Alders, Filomena dos Anjos, Brigitte Bagnol, Amlia Fumo, Belmira Mata and Mary Young, training manual published in 2002 ). The training manual addresses how farmers can control the new castle disease in chicken. It gives them the symptoms and signs on how they can detect the new castle disease, the vaccination steps and techniques. However, it does not document how farmers can properly schedule their vaccinations. The system is also manual and farmers do not store records of vaccines being administered and infected chicken per stock. This calls for an automated system that will properly schedule vaccinations and remind farmers in case of a missed vaccination administration.

2.5 A layer management system

A layer management system is designed to record all the transactions and activities involved in a poultry farm, these solutions integrate Flock Performance, Purchases, Sales, Expenses, Feed Formulation, Feed Production and Accounting. (Tulasi desired solutions) 2011[7] Depending on the Geographical, Climatic Conditions, Age and Availability of Raw Materials, different Feed Formulae are adapted by the Farmers. A separate module is included in these systems to develop cost-effective formulae. For each and every transaction reports are generated to provide greater control over Inventories, Purchases, Sales, Flock Production, Feed Formulation, and Book keeping. Cost per Bird, Cost per Egg and Hen Housed Production reports are generated on timely basis so it is easy to identify performance problems early and correct action can be taken before the performance is adversely affected. However the system does not include an SMS system to remind the farmer about the right vaccination period. It is also not user friendly and easily interactive to the user in terms of generating the total cost of sales. This system will therefore work at covering up the above loop holes thus solving the problem of accountability and vaccination scheduling.

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2.6 Poultry management system. Poultry management system provides advanced management solutions for agri-businesses worldwide. Our computerized data collection, reporting and control systems help advance the agri-industries while providing our staff with an environment rich in innovation, challenge and purpose. (Poultry management system.inc,W. Grand River Ave. )[8] We maintain industry leadership by producing high quality products, embracing change and working as a team to provide timely responses. However the system provides each and every application as a single independent stand alone application function a knot integrated with the other. The system is also incomplete and lacks the vaccination scheduling, accountability and many other functional processes 2.7 7 Health and disease control Major diseases of poultry in Africa that have been predominantly identified in commercial poultry are Newcastle disease (ND), infectious bursal disease (IBD) or Gumboro, Marek disease (MD), fowl typhoid, cholera, mycoplasmosis and coccidiosis (Adene, 1996) [10]. However, Chabeuf (1990) argued that the most devastating disease of village chickens in Cameroon is ND, whereas in commercial poultry, coccidiosis, MD and IBD are more prevalent. Research work in other African countries such as Benin (Chrysostome et al., 1995), Burkina Faso(Bourzat and Saunders, 1990), Mauritania (Bell, Kane and Le Jan, 1990) and the United Republic of Tanzania (Yongolo, 1996) supports the argument that ND is the most devastating disease of village chickens. Other health problems in village chickens are external and internal parasites. A study on ectoparasites of domestic fowls in Nigeria showed that lice, Menacanthus straminen, was the major problem in rural poultry (Zaria et al., 1993). In this Nigerian study, the external parasite problem was associated with season - higher rates of infestation occurred during the rainy season This gives a need for a system that can help guide the farmers on how to detect the disease just by observation or detection of the symptom and give details of the drugs and their dosages

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Chapter 3 Methodology
In order to establish the present set of users and system requirements, various techniques of data collection were used namely; interviews, observations and reading the existing documents. Journals and news paper related material

3.1 Interviews.
This involved a one on one interaction with the farm stake holders (staff and managers) to gather enough detailed data necessary for the project success. First class information was obtained through the use of this technique.

3.2 Questionnaire.
Well designed Questionnaires were hand delivered to the veterinary staff, casual laborers and the manager. They contained both open ended and closed ended questions.

3.3 Observation.
This included both participatory and non participatory observation. In participatory observation, the interviewers got involved in the activities at the farm while in non participatory observation; the interviewers simply observed the stake holders, as they carried out their tasks.

3.4 Document review

Information about similar systems was researched from the internet and some text books which enabled the collection of the system requirements.

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Chapter 4 4.1 System Design and Implementation

The process of planning a new business system or one to replace or compliment an existing one is referred to as systems design. The design of this system is based upon the requirements of the system discussed in section. It involved the design of the database, user interface and program logic. A relational database model design phase was employed to be able to accomplish the tasks involved in designing the new database of the system mainly due to the factors highlighted below; In relational database model, data and program logic are mutually exclusive. In other words, data can be moved or updated without making alterations in the program logic. Access to the underlying tables is strictly through the use of stored procedures. By normalization in a relational database model, data is put into tabular form by removing repeating groups and then removing duplicated data from the relational tables. The goal is to create a set of relational tables that are free of redundant data and that can consistently and correctly modified. This in turn saves space and reduces manipulation anomalies. Microsoft SQL Server (2008) database management system was chosen because it effectively employs relational database model. The entities were identified and data elements organised in relational tables, consisting of rows and columns whereby a row represents a record and a column represents an attribute of a record. On purpose, this project was designed to provide an effective automated Poultry Management System.

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4.2 Current system

A manual paper based file system is currently used at the farm. All the documentation, feed formulation, book keeping, record keeping of drug information and dosaging are simply written on paper stored in files kept in cabins. A newly employed casual labourers details are recorded by the farm manager and the casual labourer is then assigned duties. The casual labourer is supposed to carryout the feeding of the birds, detect any sick birds in the farm and report to the manager. The manager also records the details about the doctor and the suppliers. He also keeps records about the sales and purchases. The manager carries out the sales and purchases of the chicken and any other farm products. He then determines the total costs and expenditures manually and records them on paper. The manager determines the dates of the vaccination of the chicken and carries the vaccination out with the help of the casual labourers. He also formulates the feed and directs the casual labourers of the right ingredient proportions to be involved in the feed mixture. The casual labourer reports to the manager any sick chicken who then directs the administration of the drug and dosage following the directives of the veterinary officer. The veterinary officer comes up at the farm in case of an outbreak of any serious illness/disease which may need his intervention.

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4.2.1 Work Flow Process of the Current System.

Orders supply Reports disease Supplies products Casual labuorer Provides drug and dosage Formulati on Ingredient proportion s vaccinatio n vaccinatio n details. Orders product s Suppli es produc Disease inquires Provides informatio n Vet Doctor. Customer. supplier

Manager .

Figure 1: Work flow process

4.2.2 Weaknesses of the current system.

1) Inefficient utilization of mangers time due to the delays in carrying out the transactions

and feed formulation. 2) The whole work flow process is centralized to the manager and therefore suffers a big workload.
3) Records are stored manually and therefore takes long time to retrieve information 4) There is a problem of Poor information security.

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4.3 System Design Features

By analysing the reports that are needed by PMS, we defined tables and the fields and their data types that are contained in the tables. The relationships or association between the various entities in the database were identified and defined i.e. one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-many and created in a way that ensures data integrity. Data integrity is one of the cornerstones of relational model; it is enforced in the relational model by entity and referential integrity rules. These rules were applied to the database through the following measures: Every instance of an entity, the value of the primary key must exist. The incorrect data input and duplicate data in the primary key field will be rejected by the system and a user will be informed of the incorrect entry by use of a popup message. This is achieved through the proper defining of data types, the field sizes of the tables and enforcing the rules of primary key. Data integrity ensures that the primary key doesnt accept null values. This is an entity integrity rule that goes hand in hand with the primary key. The referential integrity rule states that every foreign key value must much a primary key value in an associated table. Referential integrity ensues that we can correctly navigate between related entities.

4.4 The Proposed System

In this section, the physical and logical components of the system design in detail and the different requirements that were needed to design the system as required. This section also highlights the overall set up of the proposed system in terms structure and functionality and the system users as well as how they interact with the system.

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4.5 system design

4.5.1 System ASrchitectural Design
The system architectural design as shown in fig. 1.4 below:

Graphical User Interface User Authentication Authentication) (Microsoft SQL Server

Security User Name Password access levels

Information Processing Feed formulation Login Drug processing Sales Transactions Reports,

Reports Database functions. Central Data Storage(saving) Insertions Updates Deletions Querying saving sales. feed formulation.

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Figure 2: system architectural design

4.5.2 Context diagram for the proposed system

This is a detailed description of the systems design.

Figure 3: Context Diagram for the proposed system

Figure 5.4.1: showing Context Diagram for the proposed system. Key symbols used in this section.

Process.

Table/file.

entity control)

Arrows(Flow of

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4.5.3 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM FOR THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

Manag login inputs login login staff_table Casual laboure enters feed Stores/ retrieves Feeds table formulate feed disease Stores and retrieves Vet office r enters enters update Stores/ retrieves Add new staff Updates staff Add

staff_table Stores/ retrieves

login

Store / retrieves

enters staff table

process drug table

formulati on

Drug proce ss outputs Drug and dosage

outputs Ingredient compositi on

Figure 4: Showing data flow diagram of the proposed system

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4.5.4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM FOR THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

Figure 5: Showing Entity relationship diagram.

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4.5.5 Mapping the Relational Entities

Mapping Entities. a)Staff (Staffid,Staffno,FirstName.LastName,DOB,Access level,uname,password, JoinDate,Phone no). b) sales (saleid, chickenNo, amount, saleDate). c) Ingredient (Ingredient id, name, quantity). d) feed (feed id, feed name, feed type, feed measure, feed quantiy). e) drug (drug id, drug name, drug quantity, expiry date). f) chicken(chicken id, chicken no, cost, amount, type). g) supplier (supplier id, name, item).

4.5.6 Data Dictionary

The following tables show the entities and attributes that were used in the system. 0 STAFF. Field Name Staff id First Name Last Name Staff no Access level Date of birth Join Date Phone no Location User name Data type Int varchar varchar varchar varchar Date smalldatetime varchar varchar varchar 4 20 20 50 Field Size 10 50 50 50 20 References Lookup Data (Gender) References Lookup Data (Staff Title) Description Primary Key

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Pass word

varchar

50 Table 1: staff

Sales table Field Name Id Chicken_no Amount Sale_date

Ingredient_table

Data type Int varchar varchar Date

Field Size 8 50 20 Table 2: sales

Description Primary key. Number of chicken in the cage. Number of chicken to be purchased. Date time

Field Name Id Name Quantity

Data type int varchar varchar

Field Size 10 50 50 Table 3: Ingredient

Description Primary key. Name of the ingredient Quantity of the ingredient

Feed_table Field Name Id Name Type measurement Quantity Data type Int varchar varchar varchar varchar Field Size 8 50 50 50 50 Table 4: feed Drug_table Field Name Id Name Quantity Expirty_date Data type Int varchar varchar varchar Field Size 8 50 50 50 Table 5: drug Description Primary key. Name of the drug Quantity of the drug Drug expiry date Description Primary key. Feeds by name The type of the feed Amount measured off for formulation. Amount of an ingredient in stock.

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Chicken table

Field Name Id Chicken_ no Cost Amount Type

Data type Int Var char Var char Var char Var char

Field Size 10 50 50 50 50 Table 6: Chicken

Description Cage number Number of chicken in the cage Cost per chick Number of chicken to be purchased Type of chicken in the cage

4.6 System design and implementation

4.6.1 Organizational Structure
Below is the organizational structure for Senyonga and sons PMF MANAGER VETERINARY CASUAL LABOURER CASUAL CASUAL CASUAL CASUAL

Figure 6: showing Organizational structure of Senyonga and sons poultry farm.

4.6.2 System analysis

This section also includes the requirements of the new system characterized into user requirements, functional and non-functional requirements

4.6.3 User requirements

. This discusses the needs fulfilled by the system to its end users. These include; i) Have interfaces and user guides understandable by people of average computer skills. ii)It should as well be able to give user understandable responses iii) Should be able to handle more than one user at ago and robust enough so that the users are not in position to corrupt it due to accidental or intentional misconduct.

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iv) Be maintainable by persons of average computer skills, with no knowledge about the software used and with no need to memorize internal database schema and coding details. v) Be able to retrieve reports as fast as possible vi) Have the capacity to handle the farm expansion without need to redesign and be friendly to both users and the maintainers. vii) It should be available, reliable, usable and not costly to maintain.

4.6.4 Functional requirements

Functional requirements capture the intended behavior of the system, thats to say the services or behavior of the system. i) ii) iii) It should be able to back up the data for security reasons in case of a computer crash. The system should be able to update reports in the database by either editing or deleting the different records. The system should be able to authenticate the user and validate the data before allowing retrieval of reports and any data.

4.6.5 Non-functional requirements

i) System speed: Given the simultaneous multiple accesses and the time driven environment of the users of the system (manager, veterinary doctor, and the casual laborers), the system should be fast to satisfy the users needs. ii) Output presentation: The system should be selective so that only those results that satisfy the clue input by the user are displayed. The system should be able to present its output in an orderly manner so that a person searching needs not to read through all of the outputs unless its his or her aim. iii) System availability: The system should be available at any time of the day so that users can view reports at their convenience depending on the moment of realization of the need to use the system. iv) System accessibility:

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The system should be accessible in all places so long as it has got a server from where the system was installed. It will require membership for a person to access information in the database. v) System maintenance: An individual with average computer capabilities should maintain the system. Data input, modification and elementary logical streamlining should be done easily and it should be friendly and robust enough for the maintainer to manage with minimal possibilities of causing fetal mistakes. In case of system evolution, where data storage, queries, updates and presentation may need fundamental adjustments, then a person with adequate knowledge in the software used in designing the system will be contacted. vi) System security: The system is designed in such a way that unauthorized persons are protected from abuse of the system. Only authorized persons (veterinary doctor and casual laborers) are able to view data, while the manager is able to view , add and update data The system also has the ability of evolving data querying codes, data storage tables, and results presentation formats without interfering with other data or programs that are not affected. It shall be open to additions and improvements whenever a need arises.

4.6.6 System Requirements

For the developed system to perform as expected, we identified the following system specification. a) Hardware Requirements A minimum processor speed of 3GHz, 1GB of RAM and 40GB of disk space are required in order for the server to perform proficiently. That minimum processor speed as stated is enough for the server to handle large amounts of data. The disk space also enables the server to store enough data that are directed through it while the memory is required to speed up the data processing.. The Hardware requirements needed for the proposed system to run favorably are summarized in the table below. Table 7 showing minimum hard ware requirements. Hardware Processor speed Memory Disk Space Minimum requirements. 3 GHZ 1 GB of RAM. 100 GB Table 7: minimum requirements

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b) Software Requirements A Windows 2007 operating system or later versions are required for the system to run. Microsoft SQL Server(2008) Database Management system is also required to run the SQL queries that were used when developing the database .visual studio (2010) embedded with c sharp also needs to be installed on the server to run the server application. The software requirements of the proposed system are summarized in the table below. Table 8 showing minimum software requirements. Soft Ware Operating system Data base management system Server application Minimum requirements. Windows (2007) Microsoft SQL server (2008) Microsoft visual studio(2010) Table 8: minimum software requirements

4.6.7 Documentation
After the system is acceptably bug free and compliant to the specifications, it should be documented; the scope of documentation should include: A user manual for the end users. The user manual will have samples and clear description of all the windows and commands that the end user will encounter. A technical manual for people who will maintain the code in future updates or versions of the program. A soft copy of the source code, which is well commented and indented for easy readability. It could be used by technical people who may want to change the software to accommodate new needs.

4.6.8 Deployment
The new system will have a set up program on a CD, from which the application will be installed whenever required. It should also have set up diskettes, which could be used in installation on computers that might not have a CD-ROM drive.

4.7 System Implementation

The implementation environment used to support the PMS was Microsoft windows XP and the main programming language used was C sharp. This section introduces the developed application with emphasis on how it was developed. This section further shows the samples of the PMS interfaces in use as well as the methodologies that were used in testing the application.

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4.7.1 C sharp
We used C sharp to create most of the user interfaces that were required in the PMS development and the code is included in the appendix section.

4.7.2 MYSQL Server

We used MYSQL server as the database management system to create the database and its tables for storage and retrieval of information.

4.8 System Testing

This involved execution of the system in order to determine whether it matched its specification and executed as per the design. The following testing strategies were employed to carry out application testing of the PMS:

4.8.1 Unit Testing Each executable component of the system was tested for the desired functionality.Different units of the system were tested to find out bugs during development. This process focused on individual system units like submission of forms, retrieving of poultry information and actual outputting of results. 4.8.2 Integration Testing
The different executable components of the system were tested hand in hand to determine if they can work together. The main objective of this test was to ensure that the connections between different form buttons worked together that is clicking on a button on one interface linked to another specified interface.

4.8.3 Compatibility Testing

The system was run on different operating system platforms to find out whether it is compatible with the most common and widely used platforms like Windows XP, windows 7 and windows Vista.

4.8.4 Confidentiality Testing

The different interfaces that require authentication to be accessed were tested to ensure data integrity and privacy. The passwords and usernames were also tested to make sure they can provide as much confidentiality as possible.

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4.8.5 System Testing

The different system modules were integrated and tested as whole. They were integrated to come up with one functional system which was then be tested as a whole to make sure that it meets the general

4.8.6 Acceptance testing

The system was installed at the farm and tried out by the manager, casual labourers and the veterinary doctor in order to determine bugs and verify that the system meets all the user requirements desired. All farm stake holders (manager, casual labourers and the veterinary doctor) recommended that the system be implemented.

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Chapter 5 5.1 Presentation of Results

This research has come up with a framework for improving the poultry farm practices. In this chapter presentation of the results and discussion on the project findings has been done. The results presented in this chapter are got by entering some pre-defined and undefined data randomly into the improved poultry management architecture that has been developed. The responses of the system to the data input is what is provided as screen shots.

5.3 Results from Implementation

The system was successful in implementing the objectives as stated in earlier chapters. The system is easy to use and understand and provides fast delivery of information about the poultry birds to the users. Some of the graphical results generated from the system are discussed below: User-Interfaces a) Vaccination interface

This interface is meant for the Administrator, veterinary doctor and casual laborer (or any other authorized individual) to gain access to the application. The casual should also be able to carry out the vaccination incase the doctor is not around. He/she has to enter a disease and the system is able to generate vaccine and its dosages. Username and the password in addition to the user level determining user rights in the system are entered, which are validated and authenticated. Access is denied if the username and password dont match otherwise permission is granted.

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Figure 7: Showing the vaccination schedule for the PMS.

b) Feed formulation interface. This gives the user the right proportion of ingredients required for the different chicken type. (e.g. chicks, layers, growers). The user simply enters the chicken type and the formulation is retrieved from the database.

Figure 8: Showing feed formulation interface for the PMS.

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c) Sales form. The sales form allows the user to carry out transactions. A user can enter the type and number of chicken he/she wants to purchase from a given poultry house. The system then gives the total cost of the chicken. The transaction is then updated in the database.

Figure 9: Showing sales form for the PMS

.5.4

Results from Testing and Validation

Without proper/correct login one could not open the application, logging onto the system involved logging on to both the application and MS SQL Server 2008 which requires windows authentication. The system was tested using sample data to correct and debug any errors that were not identified during the design stage. The testing done on this system involved using invalid data like entering an invalid password. Test packs were used to test the effective working of the new system program before they were used operationally. This test data deliberately included invalid/exceptional items to test whether the program reacted in the right way and generated the required reports. The test data was constructed to test all conditions. However, like any other system, the testing is still going on.

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Chapter 6 Conclusion, Summary and Recommendations 6.1 Conclusion

The PMS was successfully implemented and the objectives were achieved. The main advantage of the PMS is its ability to retrieve farms details instantly. The PMS is an application and database driven thus information is easily accessed and edited by authorized personnel. The manager at the poultry farm can instantly register, update and view employees details. The system can display brief and required data at a given time. Therefore the system demonstrates that research is not only about acquiring information but also exposing and sharing it with others.

6.2 Recommendations
Further research is required in order to come up with a more advanced system that can find out whether the farmer is eligible to make profits or losses by comparing the inputs and outputs, notifying the doctor by use of SMS when its immunization time

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References
References [1] Improvements in Rural Poultry in Developing Countries. retrieved on 26th/may/2011. http://www.vsap.uq.edu.au/ruralpoultry [2] International Network for Family Poultry Development. http://www.fao.org/ag/aga/agap/lpa/fampo1/fampo.htm visited on 28th /may/2011. [3] Danish Network for Small holder Poultry Development. Retrieved on 30th/may/2011. http://www.poultry.kvl.dk. [4] David filmer (1989) computer system to improve welfare and profit for chicken and turkey Meat producers. www.flockman.com 2. visited on 12/June/2011. [5] Filmer (2000) automated cotrolled feeding in poultry. Byarugaba d.k.olsen j.e and katunguka_ rwakishaya .edition(2000) [6] Baseline information about the production and marketing dynamics of rural scavenging Poultry in Uganda. http://www.fao.org/ug/againifo/subjects/en/infid/documents/ec -Visited on 12/04/2011. Tulasi desired solutions, 2011[7] [7] http://www.tulassi.com/lms.html.Visited on 12/04/2011. Poultry management system.inc, W. Grand River Ave.[8] [8] www.pmsi.cc/ - Cached - Similar. Visited on 22/04/2011. [9] https://www.epimodels.org/midasdocs/SynthPop/Astract_497_ESRI_FedUC_FINAL.pdf Visited on 26th /05/2011.

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APPENDICES
This section comprises any instruments used in the project.

Appendix A
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS 1. What role do you play on this poultry farm? 2. For how long have you worked with poultry farms? 3. What challenges do you find in poultry farming? 4. How do you keep your records in the farm? 5. What constitutes your chicken feeds? 6. Do you have an immunization schedule? 7. If yes in 6 above, then how often do you carryout immunization? 8. What diseases do you chicken suffer from? 9. What are the signs and symptoms of those diseases? 10. Do you think a computerized system will help you in any way?

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Appendix B
QUESTIONAIRE. 1) Please specify the role you do play in this poultry farm. Manager Veterinary doctor Casual laborer Other 2 a) How often do you immunize your chicken on the farm? Frequently Monthly Follow an immunization schedule b) Do your chicken often suffer from different illnesses. Yes No c) If yes, what illnesses do they often suffer from? 1) 2) 3) .... 4) . 5) . d) What are some of the signs and symptoms of those diseases? Disease Sign/symptom

e) What are the causes of such diseases? 1) .. 2).. 3) .. 4) . f) What drugs do you use to treat those diseases? Disease.

Drug.

g) When does it require you to call in the intervention of the doctor?

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3a) How do you carry out your feed formulations? . b) What are some of the ingredients you include in your feeds? 1) 2).. 3). 4).. c) What are the percentages of these ingredients in these feeds? d) Do you find it easy to determine the percentage of each ingredient in the feeds. Yes No 4) Are you computer literate? Yes No Do you think a computerized system will help quicken the poultry management practices? Agree Strongly agree Disagree Strongly disagree.

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Appendix C
WORK PLAN. ACTIVITY Concept paper writing PERSON IN CHARGE Senyonjo kassim DURATION febuary (1month) DELIVERABLES Concept paper

Proposal writing

Turinawe aggrey

1stMarch- 15thapril

Draft of the proposal

Requirements specification

Turinawe aggrey

15thapril30thapril

Requirements specification document

System design

Senyonjo kassim

1st may 5th may

Data flow diagrams and entity relationship diagrams.

coding

Senyange david

6th may-25th may

System code/programme

testing

Komugisha diana

26th may-28th may

Verified and validated System prototype.

Report writing

Senyange david

29th may 1st june

Report draft

Project presentation

The whole group

24th june

Presentation of the final system system.

Table 9: showing work plan.

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