CHIMC

(CH INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATION)

PGDM
Post Graduate Diploma in Management

Batch-2 Term III

Project Report
Estimating the length of a supply chain for an FMCG Company Subject E- Business Fundamental Date 21 / 07 /2011

Guided by Prof. Suresh K Ahuja

Submitted byRajkamal Paroha

Investigation of www.amazon.com,www.fedex.com & www.ibm.com on the basis of

a. b. c. d. Types of server for each website. SSL Cipher type. Validity period. SuppSSS Certification authoritys name.

Declaration
We hereby declare that the project work entitled Visit the www.amazon .com, www.fedex.com & www.ibm.com submitted to the CHIMC INDORE, is a record of an original work done by us under the guidance of Prof. Akshay Joshi professor of Supply Chain Management and the results embodied in this report have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of any degree or diploma.

Date-

21/07/2011 Rajkamal Paroha

Acknowledgement

We owe a great many thanks to a great many people who helped and supported us during the writing of this report. My deepest thanks to Prof. Suresh K Ahuja for guiding and supporting. He supported to us by showing different method of information collection about the company. He helped all time when we needed and he gave right direction toward completion of project. We would also thank my Institution and my faculty members without whom this project would have been a distant reality.

CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that the Project Work titled is a bonafide work of [Group-4] in which there are six member namely Sharad, Rajkmal, Vijay, Vaibhav, Rajendra, & Mayank carried out in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of PGDM under my guidance. This project work is original and not submitted earlier for the award of any degree or diploma or associate ship of any other Institution.

Place : Indore Date : 21-07-2011

Signature of the Guide Suresh K Ahuja

Objective

The objective of this project is investigation of www.amazon.com,www.fedex.com & www.ibm.com on the basis of a. Types of server for each website. b. SSL Cipher type. c. d. Validity period. Certification authoritys name.

Introduction:Amazon was founded in 1994, spurred by what Bezos called "regret minimization framework", his effort to fend off regret for not staking a claim in the Internet gold rush "In his typically analytic way, Bezos cast his decision in what he calls the "regret-minimization framework." He imagined that he was 80 years old and looking back at his life. And suddenly everything became clear to him. When he was 80, he'd never regret having missed out on a sixfigure Christmas bonus; he wouldn't even regret having tried to build an online business and failed. "In fact, I'd have been proud of that, proud of myself for having taken that risk and tried to participate in that thing called the Internet that I thought was going to be such a big deal. It was like the wild, wild West, a new frontier. And I knew that if I didn't try this, I would regret it. And that would be inescapable." The company began as an online bookstore named "Cadabra.com", a name quickly abandoned for sounding like "cadaver"; while the largest brick-and-mortar bookstores and mail-order catalogs for books might offer 200,000 titles, an on-line bookstore could offer more. Bezos renamed the company "Amazon" after the world's biggest river. Since 2000, Amazon's logotype is an arrow leading from A to Z, representing the desire to sell many products. The domain amazon.com attracted at least 615 million visitors annually by 2008 according to a Compete.com survey. This was twice the numbers of walmart.com. Amazon's initial business plan was unusual: the company did not expect a profit for four to five years; the strategy was effective. Amazon grew steadily in the late 1990s while other Internet companies grew blindingly fast. Amazon's "slow" growth provoked stockholder complaints: that the company was not reaching profitability fast enough. When the dot-com bubble burst and many e-companies went out of business, Amazon persevered, and, finally, turned its first profit in the fourth quarter of 2002: U.S. $5 million, just 1 a share, on revenues of more than U.S. $1 billion, but the profit was symbolically important.

Merchant partnerships
Amazon.com powers and operates retail web sites for Target, Sears Canada, Benefit Cosmetics, Bebe Stores, Timex Corporation, Marks & Spencer, Mothercare and Lacoste. For a growing number of enterprise clients, currently including the UK merchants Marks & Spencer, Benefit Cosmetics' UK entity and Mothercare, Amazon provides a unified multi channel platform from whence a customer can interchangeably interact with the retail website, standalone in-store terminals, and phone-based customer service agents. Amazon Web Services also powers AOL's Shop@AOL.

Product lines
Amazon has steadily branched into retail sales of music CDs, videotapes and DVDs, software, consumer electronics, kitchen items, tools, lawn and garden items, toys & games, baby products, apparel, sporting goods, gourmet food, jewelry, watches, health and personal-care items, beauty products, musical instruments, clothing, industrial & scientific supplies, groceries, and more.

Products and services

Amazon.com has incorporated a number of products and services into its shopping model, either through development or acquisition.

History of Amazon
2001 Honor System and donations The Honor System was originally launched in 2001 to allow customers to make donations or buy digital content, with Amazon collecting 2.9 percent of the payment plus a flat fee of $0.30 USD. 2002 Web Services Amazon launched Amazon Web Services (AWS) in 2002. The service provides programmatic access to many features leveraged behind the scenes on its website.

2004

Amazon also created "channels" to benefit certain causes. In 2004, Amazon's "Presidential Candidates" allowed customers to donate US$5-200 to the campaigns of 2004 U.S. presidential hopefuls. Amazon has periodically reactivated a Red Cross donation channel after such tragedies as 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina. After the 2004 earthquake and tsunami in the Indian Ocean, Amazon set up an online donation channel to the American Red Cross, waiving its processing fee. As of January 2005, over 162,000 individuals had donated over US$13.1 million. Similar channels were set up for the British, Canadian, French, German and Japanese Red Cross organizations. Over 7,000 Britons donated more than US$350,000; 900 Canadians over US$56,000; 660 French over US$23,000; 2,900 Germans over US$145,000; and 1,900 Japanese over US$66,000. 2005 Prime Amazon Prime offers customers free 1-day shipping in the UK, Japan and Germany and free 2day shipping in the United States, for a yearly fee of US$ 79 or 49. The service also offers discounted priority shipping rates. Amazon launched the program in the continental United States in 2005, Japan in June 2007 and the United Kingdom and Germany in November 2007. Shorts Launched in 2005, Amazon Shorts offers exclusive short form content, including short stories and non-fiction pieces from best-selling authors, all available for immediate download at US$.49. As of June 2007, the program has over 1,700 pieces and is adding about 50 new pieces per week.

Mechanical Turk
In November 2005, Amazon.com began testing Amazon Mechanical Turk, an application programming interface (API) allowing programs to dispatch tasks to human processors. 2006 S3 In March 2006, Amazon launched an online storage service called Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3). An unlimited number of data objects, from 1 byte to 5 gigabytes in size, can be stored in S3 and distributed via HTTP or BitTorrent. The service charges monthly fees for data stored and for data transferred.

Discussion boards
In August 2006, Amazon launched product wikis (later folded into Amapedia) and discussion forums for certain products using guidelines that follow standard message board conventions. EC2 In August 2006, Amazon introduced Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2), a virtual site farm, allowing users to use the Amazon infrastructure with its high reliability to run diverse applications ranging from running simulations to web hosting. 2007

Amapedia In January 2007 Amazon launched Amapedia, a collaborative wiki for user-generated content to replace Product Wiki. Unbox In March 2007, Amazon launched an online video on demand service, which has been criticized for its use of digital rights management (DRM). MP3 downloads In September 2007, Amazon launched a new music store (currently in beta) called Amazon MP3, which sells downloadable tracks, all in the MP3 format and most recorded at 256 kilobits per second variable bit rate (VBR).Amazon's terms of use agreements legally restrict use of the music, but Amazon does not use DRM to enforce those terms. Amazon MP3 is selling music from the Big 4 record labels, EMI, Universal, Warner Bros. Records, and Sony BMG, as well as many independents; as of January 2008 they are the only store to sell DRM-free music from all Big 4 labels. Previous to the launch of this service, Amazon made an investment in Amie Street, a similar music store with a variable pricing model based on demand. Vine In August 2007 Amazon launched Amazon Vine, which allows top product reviewers free access to pre-release products from vendors participating in the program. FPS In August 2007 Amazon launched a payment service specifically targeted at developers. Amazon FPS has facilities for developing many different charging models including micro-payments. The service also gives developers easy access to Amazon customers. Kindle In November 2007, Amazon launched Amazon Kindle, an e-book reader which downloads content over "Whispernet," a free EV-DO wireless service on the Sprint Nextel network. Initial offerings include approximately 115,000 books, newspapers, magazines and blogs. The screen uses E Ink technology to reduce battery consumption. Simple DB In December 2007, Amazon introduced Simple DB, a database system, allowing users of its other infrastructure to utilize a high reliability high performance database system. 2008 Amazon MP3 In January 2008 Amazon announced they would be rolling out their Amazon MP3 service to their subsidiary websites worldwide throughout the year. Web Store

Web Store by Amazon allows businesses to create e-commerce websites using Amazon technology. Merchants can customize their sites using their own photos and branding. Sellers pay a commission of 7 percent, which includes credit-card processing fees and fraud protection, and a subscription fee of $59.95/month for an unlimited number of web stores and listings.

Startup page of amazon.com

Before Starting with Finding let we first know about that what is meaning HTTPS, SSL, Validity Period and certificate? 1. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is the standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a web server and a browser. This link ensures that all data passed between the web server and browsers remain private and integral. SSL is an industry standard and is used by millions of websites in the protection of their online transactions with their customers. To be able to create an SSL connection a web server requires an SSL Certificate. When you choose to activate SSL on your web server you will be prompted to complete a number of questions about the identity of your website and your company. Your web server then creates two cryptographic keys - a Private Key and a Public Key. The Public Key does not need to be secret and is placed into a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) - a data file also containing your details. You should then submit the CSR. During the SSL Certificate application process, the Certification Authority will validate your details and issue an SSL Certificate containing your details and allowing you to use SSL. Your web server will match your issued SSL Certificate to your Private Key. Your web server will then be able to establish an encrypted link between the website and your customer's web browser. The complexities of the SSL protocol remain invisible to your customers. Instead their browsers provide them with a key indicator to let them know they are currently protected by an SSL encrypted session - the lock icon in the lower right-hand corner, clicking on the lock icon displays your SSL Certificate and the details about it. All SSL Certificates are issued to either companies or legally accountable individuals. Typically an SSL Certificate will contain your domain name, your company name, your address, your city, your state and your country. It will also contain the expiration date of the Certificate and details of the Certification Authority responsible for the issuance of the Certificate. When a browser connects to a secure site it will retrieve the site's SSL Certificate and check that it has not expired, it has been issued by a Certification Authority the browser trusts, and that it is being used by the website for which it has been issued. If it fails on any one of these checks the browser will display a warning to the end user letting them know that the site is not secured by SSL.

2. Validity Period The validity period is the active lifespan for the certificate. At the end of the validity period, the certificate must be renewed to remain active. A longer validity period typically includes cost savings and you won't need to renew the certificate as often for it to remain active. A shorter validity period provides greater security and integrity because the certificate's common name and organizational information must be re-authenticated more often. Requesting 2 and 3-Year Certificates Note the following restrictions when selecting a 2 or 3-year validity period: A 3-year SSL Certificate is compatible only with a 2048-bit private key (or stronger). When generating your CSR, make sure the generated key is at least 2048 bits. Note: This does not apply to Code Signing IDs. The 2 and 3-year options are not available for Code Signer Pro. For certificate and organizational integrity, your organization will be re-authenticated after two years (with no action required on your part). If your organization name or domain ownership has changed since purchasing this certificate, the certificate may be subject to revocation.

Page show when validity period expired

3. Certification authoritys nameAbbreviated as CA, a trusted third-party organization or company that issues digital used to create digital signatures and key pairs. The role of the CA in this process is to guarantee that the individual granted the unique certificate is, in fact, who he or she claims to be. Usually, this means that the CA has an arrangement with a financial institution, such as a credit card company, which provides it with information to confirm an individual's claimed identity. CAs are a critical component in data security and electronic because they guarantee that the two parties exchanging information are really who they claim to be.

4. HTTPSHypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is a combination of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) with SSL/TLS protocol to provide encrypted communication and secure identification of a network web server. HTTPS connections are often used for payment transactions on the World Wide Web and for sensitive transactions in corporate information systems.

Investigation in Amazon:1. Type Of Server

Amazon EC2 Instance type is used which is run in linux Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) provides the flexibility to choose from a number of different instance types to meet your computing needs. Each instance provides a predictable amount of dedicated compute capacity and is charged per instance-hour consumed. EC2s simple web service interface allows you to obtain and configure capacity with minimal friction. It provides you with complete control of your computing resources and lets you run on Amazons proven computing environment. Amazon EC2 reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server instances to minutes, allowing you to quickly scale capacity, both up and down, as your computing requirements change. Amazon EC2 changes the economics of computing by allowing you to pay only for capacity that you actually use. Amazon EC2 provides developers the tools to build failure resilient applications and isolate themselves from common failure scenarios.

2. SSL Cipher TypeIN Amazon there is TSL also work With SSL Transport Layer Security (TLS) and its predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), are cryptographic protocols that provide communication security over the Internet.TLS and SSL encrypt the segments of network connections above the Transport Layer, using asymmetric cryptography for privacy and a keyed message authentication code for message reliability.

SSL cipher type in AmazonTLSv1, SSLv3, SSLv2 TLS v1.0, SSL v3.0 or SSL v2.0 cipher suites is used respectively. Encryption is used by www.amazon.com
3.

Validity Period-

Amazon have validity period of 2 to 3 years.

4. Certificate authoritys nameCheckout by Amazon currently accepts SSL certificates there are some of the certificate of amazon:-

1. ABAecom (sub., Am. Bankers Assn.) Root CA 2. AddTrust External Root 3. AddTrust Low-Value Services Root 4. AddTrust Public Services Root 5. AddTrust Qualified Certificates Root 6. America Online Root Certification Authority 1 7. America Online Root Certification Authority 2 8. AOL Time Warner Root Certification Authority 1 9. AOL Time Warner Root Certification Authority 2 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. Baltimore CyberTrust Root beTRUSTed Root CA beTRUSTed Root CA - Entrust Implementation beTRUSTed Root CA - RSA Implementation beTRUSTed Root CA-Baltimore Implementation Camerfirma Chambers of Commerce Root Camerfirma Global Chambersign Root Certplus Class 2 Primary CA Certum Root CA Comodo AAA Services root COMODO Certification Authority Comodo Secure Services root Comodo Trusted Services root DigiCert Assured ID Root CA DigiCert Global Root CA

25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49.

DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA DigiNotar Root CA Digital Signature Trust Co. Global CA 1 Digital Signature Trust Co. Global CA 2 Digital Signature Trust Co. Global CA 3 Digital Signature Trust Co. Global CA 4 DST ACES CA X6 DST Root CA X3 Entrust Root Certification Authority Entrust.net Global Secure Personal CA Entrust.net Global Secure Server CA Entrust.net Premium 2048 Secure Server CA Entrust.net Secure Personal CA Entrust.net Secure Server CA Equifax Secure CA Equifax Secure eBusiness CA 1 Equifax Secure eBusiness CA 2 Equifax Secure Global eBusiness CA Firmaprofesional Root CA GeoTrust Extended Validation SSL CA GeoTrust Global CA GeoTrust Global CA 2 GeoTrust Primary Certification Authority GlobalSign Root CA - R2 Go Daddy Class 2 CA

50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74.

GTE CyberTrust Global Root GTE CyberTrust Root CA IPS Chained CAs root IPS CLASE1 root IPS CLASE3 root IPS CLASEA1 root IPS CLASEA3 root IPS Servidores root IPS Timestamping root NetLock Business (Class B) Root NetLock Express (Class C) Root NetLock Notary (Class A) Root NetLock Qualified (Class QA) Root Network Solutions Certificate Authority QuoVadis Root CA QuoVadis Root CA 2 QuoVadis Root CA 3 RSA Root Certificate 1 RSA Security 1024 v3 RSA Security 2048 v3 Secure Global CA SecureTrust CA Security Communication Root CA Sonera Class 1 Root CA Sonera Class 2 Root CA

75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.

Staat der Nederlanden Root CA Starfield Class 2 CA StartCom Certification Authority StartCom Ltd. Swisscom Root CA 1 SwissSign Gold CA - G2 SwissSign Platinum CA - G2 SwissSign Silver CA - G2 Taiwan GRCA TC TrustCenter, Germany, Class 2 CA TC TrustCenter, Germany, Class 3 CA TDC Internet Root CA TDC OCES Root CA Thawte Personal Basic CA Thawte Personal Freemail CA Thawte Personal Premium CA Thawte Premium Server CA thawte Primary Root CA Thawte Server CA Thawte Time Stamping CA TURKTRUST Certificate Services Provider Root 1 TURKTRUST Certificate Services Provider Root 2 UTN DATACorp SGC Root CA UTN USERFirst Email Root CA UTN USERFirst Hardware Root CA

100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124.

UTN USERFirst Object Root CA UTN-USER First-Network Applications ValiCert Class 1 VA ValiCert Class 2 VA VeriSign Class 1 Public Primary Certification Authority VeriSign Class 1 Public Primary Certification Authority - G2 VeriSign Class 1 Public Primary Certification Authority - G3 VeriSign Class 2 Public Primary Certification Authority VeriSign Class 2 Public Primary Certification Authority - G2 VeriSign Class 2 Public Primary Certification Authority - G3 VeriSign Class 3 Extended Validation SSL CA VeriSign Class 3 Extended Validation SSL SGC CA VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G2 VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G3 VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5 VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G2 VeriSign Class 4 Public Primary Certification Authority - G2 VeriSign Class 4 Public Primary Certification Authority - G3 VeriSign Time Stamping Authority CA Visa eCommerce Root Visa International Global Root 2 Wells Fargo Root CA WellsSecure Public Root Certificate Authority XRamp Global CA Root

125.

Security Certificates and Transactions with Amazon Payments

We check the bottom of the certificate chain (usually a domain such as mysite.com) and will not establish an SSL Handshake connection with a site using a Certificate Signature Algorithm that uses MD5 with RSA Encryption.

Introduction
International Business Machines is an American multinational technology and consulting firm headquartered in Armonk, New York. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software, and it offers infrastructure, hosting and services in areas ranging from mainframe computers to nanotechnology. The company was founded in 1911 as the Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation through a merger of four companies: the Tabulating Machine Company, the International Time Recording Company, the Computing Scale Corporation, and the Bundy Manufacturing Company. CTR adopted the name International Business Machines in 1924, using a name previously designated to CTR's subsidiary in Canada and later South America. Its distinctive culture and product branding has given it the nickname Big Blue. In 2011, Fortune ranked IBM the 18th largest firm in the U.S. as well as the 7th most profitable. Globally, the company was ranked the 31st largest firm by Forbes for 2011.Other rankings for 2011

include 1 company for leaders (Fortune), 2 best global brand (Interbrand), 1 green company worldwide (Newsweek), 12 most admired company (Fortune), and 18 most innovative company (Fast Company). IBM employs more than 425,000 employees (sometimes referred to as "IBMers") in over 200 countries, with occupations including scientists, engineers, consultants, and sales professionals. IBM holds more patents than any other U.S.-based technology company and has nine research laboratories worldwide. Its employees have garnered five Nobel Prizes, four Turing Awards, nine National Medals of Technology, and five National Medals of Science. Famous inventions by IBM include the automated teller machine (ATM), the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database, the Universal Product Code (UPC), the financial swap, SABRE airline reservation system, DRAM, and Watson artificial intelligence. The company has undergone several organizational changes since its inception, acquiring companies like SPSS (2009) and PwC consulting (2002), spinning off companies like Lexmark (1991), and selling off product lines like ThinkPad to Lenovo (2005).

History
1880-1929

Thomas J. Watson led IBM from 1914-1956. Starting in the 1880s, various technologies came into existence that would form part of IBM's predecessor company. Julius E. Pitrap patented the computing scale in 1885, Alexander Dey invented the dial recorder in 1888, and a year later Herman Hollerith patented the Electric Tabulating Machine, and Willard Bundy invented a time clock to record a worker's arrival and departure time on a paper tape. On June 16, 1911, these technologies and their respective companies were merged by Charles Ranlett Flint to form the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (C-T-R). The New York City-based company had 1,300 employees and offices and plants in Endicott and Binghamton, New York; Dayton, Ohio; Detroit, Michigan; Washington, D.C.; and Toronto, Ontario. It manufactured and sold machinery ranging from commercial scales and industrial time recorders to meat and cheese slicers, along with tabulators and punched cards. Flint recruited Thomas J. Watson, Sr., from the National Cash Register Company to help lead the company in 1914. Watson implemented "generous sales incentives, a focus on customer service, an insistence on well-groomed, dark-suited salesmen and an evangelical fervor for instilling company pride

and loyalty in every worker". His favorite slogan, "THINK," became a mantra for C-T-R's employees, and within 11 months of joining C-T-R, Watson became its president. The company focused on providing large-scale, custom-built tabulating solutions for businesses, leaving the market for small office products to others. During Watson's first four years, revenues more than doubled to $9 million and the company's operations expanded to Europe, South America, Asia, and Australia. On February 14, 1924, C-T-R was renamed the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), citing the need to align its name with the "growth and extension of [its] activities". 1930-1979

NACA researchers using a IBM type 704 electronic data processing machine in 1957 In 1937, IBM's tabulating equipment enabled organizations to process unprecedented amounts of data, its clients including the U.S. Government, during its first effort to maintain the employment records for 26 million people pursuant to the Social Security Act, and the Third Reich. In 1938, the IBM World Headquarters Building, located at 590 Madison Avenue in New York, New York, was dedicated. In 1952, Thomas J. Watson, Jr., became president of the company, ending almost 40 years of leadership by his father. In 1956, Arthur L. Samuel of IBM's Poughkeepsie, New York, laboratory programmed an IBM 704 to play checkers using a method in which the machine can "learn" from its own experience. It is believed to be the first "self-learning" program, a demonstration of the concept of artificial intelligence. In 1957, IBM developed the FORTRAN (Formula Translation) scientific programming language. In 1961, Thomas J. Watson, Jr., was elected chairman of the board and Albert L. Williams became president of the company. IBM develops the SABRE (Semi-Automatic Business-Related Environment) reservation system for American Airlines.

In 1963, IBM employees and computers helped NASA track the orbital flight of the Mercury astronauts, and a year later, the company moved its corporate headquarters from New York City to Armonk, New York. The latter half of that decade saw IBM continue its support of space exploration, with IBM participating in the 1965 Gemini flights, the 1966 Saturn flights, and the 1969 mission to land a man on the moon. On April 7, 1964 IBM announced the first computer system family, the IBM System/360. Sold between 1964 and 1978, it was the first family of computers designed to cover the complete range of applications, from small to large, both commercial and scientific. For the first time, companies could upgrade their computing capabilities with a new model without rewriting their applications. In 1973, IBM engineer George J. Laurer developed the Universal Product Code.

One of IBM's Blue Gene supercomputers, which were awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation by U.S. President Barack Obama on September 18, 2009 1980-present Financial swaps were first introduced to the public in 1981 when IBM and the World Bank entered into a swap agreement. In 1991, IBM sold Lexmark, and in 2002, it acquired PwC consulting. In 2003, IBM initiated a project to rewrite its company values. Using its Jam technology, the company hosted Internetbased online discussions on key business issues with 50,000 employees over 3 days. The discussions were analyzed by sophisticated text analysis software (e Classifier) to mine online comments for themes. As a result of the 2003 Jam, the company values were updated to reflect three modern business, marketplace and employee views: "Dedication to every client's success", "Innovation that matters - for our company and for the world", "Trust and personal responsibility in all relationships". In 2004, another Jam was conducted during which 52,000 employees exchanged best practices for 72 hours. They focused on finding actionable ideas to support implementation of the values previously identified. In 2005 the company sold its personal computer business to Lenovo, and in 2009, it acquired software company SPSS Inc. Later in 2009, IBM's Blue Gene supercomputing program was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation by U.S. President Barack Obama. In 2011, IBM gained worldwide attention for its artificial intelligence program Watson, which was exhibited on Jeopardy! Where it won against game show champions Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter

Startup page of IBM

Investigation in IBM:1. Type Of Server

There are several types of IBM data server are there Each provides a particular type of support. The following lists the IBM data server client and driver types available to you: IBM Data Server Driver for JDBC and SQLJ IBM Data Server Driver for ODBC and CLI IBM Data Server Driver Package IBM Data Server Runtime Client IBM Data Server Client

Version 1
Initial release in June, 1998. Was primarily a Java Servlet engine.

Version 2
IBM adds JavaBean, CORBA and Linux support. Comes in two editions: Standard Edition (SE) and Advanced Edition (AE).

Version 4.0
This was a J2EE 1.2 certified application server. It inherited the database-based configuration model from V3.x for all but the single-server edition, which already used an XML datastore. AE (Advanced Edition) AEs (Advanced Edition single). Single-server edition that was not able to run in a cluster configuration. AEd (Developer Edition). Functionally equivalent to AEs, but intended only for non-production development use. EE (Enterprise Edition)

Version 5.0
The version released on 19 November 2002. This was a J2EE 1.3 certified application server. It was a major rewrite of the V3/V4 codebase and was the first time WebSphere Application Server was coded from a common codebase. Now WAS across all deployment platforms, from Intel x86 to the mainframe, are substantially the same code. The database-based configuration repository was replaced with a replication XML file-based configuration repository. A service called the Deployment

Manager had the master copy of the cell configuration, and nodes had the file(s) they needed copied from this master server whenever they changed. V5 also included a miniature version of MQ 5.3 called the embedded Java Message Service (JMS) server.

2. SSL Cipher TypeSSL encryption type (SSLEncryptionType) This optional property applies to TCP/IP connections only, and specifies the SSL encryption type. The SSL Enabled property must be set to true. valid encryption types are STRONG, WEAK and ENULL. STRONG and WEAK reflect the strength of the ciphers, which is related to the key length. All ciphers that can be used for export are in the weak category and the others are in the strong category. By default, the encryption type is set to WEAK. When ENULL is specified, the IMS TM resource adapter uses a cipher specification whose name contains the string "NULL." Null encryption enables authentication during the SSL handshaking process. After the handshaking process for a socket completes, which includes the required authentication, all messages flows over that socket. SSL cipher type in IBM-

TLS 1.1 (SSL 3.2)

TLS is also a standard method to protect Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) application signaling

Encryption along with that in IBM.

3.

Validity Period-

IBM website validity dates is greater than 24855 days.

4. Certificate authoritys nameIBM are having approx. 989 certificates but here we are mentioned only some of them:Cognos Business Intelligence
IBM Certified Administrator IBM Certified Administrator - Cognos 10 BI IBM Certified Designer IBM Certified Designer - Cognos 10 BI Reports IBM Certified Designer - Cognos 10 BI Multidimensional Reports IBM Certified Developer IBM Certified Developer - Cognos 10 BI Data Warehouses

IBM Certified Developer - Cognos 10 BI Metadata Models IBM Certified Developer - Cognos 10 BI OLAP Models IBM Certified Developer - Cognos 10 BI Scorecards IBM Certified Developer - Cognos Real-time Monitoring IBM Certified Solution Expert IBM Certified Solution Expert - Cognos 8 BI IBM Certified Solution Expert - Cognos 8 BI Migration IBM Certified Specialist IBM Certified Specialist - Cognos 8 BI

Cognos Financial Performance Management

IBM Certified Advanced Solution Expert IBM Certified Advanced Solution Expert - Cognos TM1 IBM Certified Developer IBM Certified Developer - Cognos 8 Analytic Applications IBM Certified Developer - Cognos 8 Controller IBM Certified Developer - Cognos Financial Statement Reporting IBM Certified Developer - Cognos TM1 IBM Certified Solution Designer IBM Certified Solution Designer - Cognos 10 Planning IBM Certified Solution Developer IBM Certified Solution Developer - Cognos Express 9.0 Xcelerator and Advisor IBM Certified Solution Developer - Cognos Express Reporter v9.0 IBM Certified Solution Expert IBM Certified Solution Expert - Cognos 8 Planning IBM Certified Specialist IBM Certified Specialist - Cognos 8 Controller IBM Certified Specialist - Cognos TM1 Data Analysis IBM Certified Advanced Systems Expert IBM Certified Advanced Technical Expert - Power Systems with AIX v2 IBM Certified Systems Expert IBM Certified Systems Expert - Enterprise Technical Support for AIX and POWER7 v2 IBM Certified Systems Expert - Virtualization Technical Support for AIX and Linux v2 IBM Certified Systems Expert - High Availability for AIX Technical Support and Administration

Certifications for Users

IBM Certified Operator IBM Certified Operator - AIX 6.1 Basic Operations IBM Certified Operator - IBM i 6.1 Basic Operations IBM Certified System Administrator IBM Certified System Administrator - AIX 6.1 IBM Certified System Administrator - IBM i 6.1
IBM Certified Sales Specialist - Power Systems with POWER7 and AIX - v1 IBM Certified Sales Specialist - Power Systems with POWER7 and IBM i - v1 IBM Certified Specialist - Storage Sales V2 IBM Certified Specialist - System x Sales V6

IBM Certified Specialist - System z Solution Sales v5.

Introduction
FedEx Corporation, originally known as FDX Corporation, is a logistics services company, based in the United States with headquarters in Memphis, Tennessee. The name "FedEx" is a syllabic abbreviation of the name of the company's original air division, Federal Express, which was used from 1973 until 2000.

History
FedEx Corporation is a Delaware corporation, incorporated October 2, 1997. FDX Corporation was founded in January 1998 with the acquisition of Caliber System Inc. by Federal Express. With the purchase of Caliber, FedEx started offering other services besides express shipping. Caliber subsidiaries included RPS, a smallpackage ground service; Roberts Express, an expedited shipping provider; Viking Freight, a regional, less than truckload freight carrier serving the Western United States; Caribbean Transportation Services, a provider of airfreight forwarding between the United States and the Caribbean; and Caliber Logistics and Caliber Technology, providers of logistics and technology solutions. FDX Corporation was founded to oversee all of the operations of those companies and its original air division, Federal Express. In January 2000, FDX Corporation changed its name to FedEx Corporation and re-branded all of its subsidiaries. Federal Express became FedEx Express, RPS became FedEx Ground, Roberts Express became FedEx Custom Critical, and Caliber Logistics and Caliber Technology were combined to make up FedEx Global Logistics. A new subsidiary called FedEx Corporate Services was formed to centralize the sales, marketing, customer service for all of the subsidiaries. In February 2000, FedEx acquired Tower Group International, an international logistics company. FedEx also acquired WorldTariff, a customs duty and tax information company, TowerGroup and WorldTariff were re-branded to form FedEx Trade Networks FedEx Corp. acquired privately held Kinko's Inc. in February 2004 and rebranded it FedEx Kinko's. The acquisition was made to expand FedEx retail access to the general public. After the acquisition, all FedEx Kinko's locations exclusively offered only FedEx shipping. In June 2008, FedEx announced that they would be dropping the Kinko's name from their ship centers, with FedEx Kinko's changing to FedEx Office. In September 2004, FedEx acquired Parcel Direct, a parcel consolidator, and re-branded it FedEx Smart Post.

In December 2007, the Internal Revenue Service of the United States 'tentatively decided' that FedEx Ground Division might be facing a tax liability of $319 million for 2002, due to misclassification of its operatives as independent contractors. Reversing a 1994 decision which allowed FedEx to classify its operatives that own their own vehicles, the IRS is auditing the years 2003 to 2006, with a view to assessing whether similar misclassification of operatives has taken place. FedEx denies that any irregularities in classification have taken place, but is facing legal action from operatives claiming benefits that would have accrued had they been classified as employees. On October 22, 2008, the Internal Revenue Service withdrew its tentative assessment of tax and penalties for the 2002 calendar year ($319 million plus interest) against FedEx Ground Package System, Inc. (FedEx Ground) relating to the classification of FedEx Grounds owner-operators for federal employment tax purposes. In June 2009, FedEx began a campaign against UPS and the Teamsters union, accusing its competitor of receiving a bailout in an advertising campaign called "brown bailout". FedEx claims that signing the Federal Aviation Administration re-authorization bill, which would let some of its workers unionize more easily (and, according to the Memphis-based company, "could expose [its] customers at any time to local work stoppages that interrupt the flow of their time-sensitive, high-value shipments, is equivalent to giving UPS a 'bailout'. Independent observers have heavily criticized FedEx's wording, claiming that it was "an abuse of the term". FedEx staff are regulated under the Railway Labor Act.

Startup page of FedEx

Investigation in IBM:1. Type Of Server

Cloud technology is used with DSD server but the exact figure would not be find out.

2. SSL Cipher TypeFedex.com can manage its website ``medium'' encryption cipher suites, currently some of those using 128 bit encryption by using SSL encryption SSL cipher type in Fedex-

SSL v3.0
Encryption is also used by www.Fedex.com.

3.

Validity Period-

Fedex validity period is two calendar months for export / import under a special and exceptional arrangement
and would be renewed again. And the validity period of website is 2-3 years and will be renewed after that time.

5. Certificate authoritys name-

1. Certificate of Authorized Economic Operators Certificate (AEO). 2. FedEx AEO Certificate n: IT AEOF 10 0209 3. International Certificate, recognized among the member States of European Union.

Certificate of Authority Request & Apostille Web server SSL certificates. 4. GeoTrust Universal CA 5. GeoTrust Universal CA 2 6. GlobalSign Root CA

And there is also some other certificates which is having by Fedex.

Special Thanks to Suresh sir for guiding us in completion this project