Code No: R05320205 Set No.

1
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. Explain Slepian’s theory of arc interruption and discuss its limitations. How does
energy balance theory, explain the process of arc interruption? [8+8]

2. (a) Compare the arc rupture in oil and air blast circuit breakers and summarize
the relative advantages and disadvantages of these types of switch gear.
(b) Explain the operating duty of a circuit breaker. [8+8]

3. With the help of neat sketch explain the principle of operation of Differential relays.
[16]

4. Explain with a diagram, the application of the Merz-Price circulating current sys-
tem to the protection of alternators. What precautions must be taken in installing
this system? [8+8]

5. Describe with a neat sketch, the operation of Buchholtz relay. [16]

6. (a) Explain over-current protection of feeders.

(b) How is the protection system graded with respect to the time of operation of
relays. [8+8]

7. (a) Explain the phenomenon of arcing ground.

(b) Suggest some methods to minimize the effect of this phenomenon with neat
sketch. [6+10]

8. (a) How over head transmission lines are protected from lightning strokes.
(b) Why ground wire is provided as the top lost conductor in high voltage trans-
mission lines. [6+10]

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Code No: R05320205 Set No. 2
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain briefly about various Switch gear components.

(b) Give the importance of ratings and specifications of Circuit Breaker. [8+8]

2. (a) Compare the arc rupture in oil and air blast circuit breakers and summarize
the relative advantages and disadvantages of these types of switch gear.
(b) Explain the operating duty of a circuit breaker. [8+8]

3. Distinguish between Over current relays, Directional relays and Differential relays?
[16]

4. Discuss the unbalanced loading and overload protection in alternators. ‘Overload

protection is not necessary for alternators’ ? Justify yourself? [8+8]

5. What is Buchholtz relay? Which equipment is protected by it? For what types of
faults is it employed? Discuss its working principle. [4+2+2+8]

6. (a) Explain over-current protection of feeders.

(b) How is the protection system graded with respect to the time of operation of
relays. [8+8]

7. (a) Discuss about effectively grounded system and ungrounded system.

(b) A 132 kV, 3-Phase, 50Hz, 100km long transmission line has a capacitance of
0.012µF per km per phase. Determine the inductive reactance and kVA rating
of the arc suppression coil suitable for this line. [8+8]

8. (a) What are volt time curves.

(b) What is their significance in power system studies. [8+8]

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Code No: R05320205 Set No. 3
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Explain the terms Recovery voltage, Restriking voltage and RRRV.

Derive an expression for the restriking voltage in terms of system capacitance and
inductance. [8+8]

2. (a) Compare the arc rupture in oil and air blast circuit breakers and summarize
the relative advantages and disadvantages of these types of switch gear.
(b) Explain the operating duty of a circuit breaker. [8+8]

3. Define the following terms and explain their significance in distance protection

(a) Reach of a distance relay.

(b) Under reach. [8+8]

4. Explain with a diagram, the application of the Merz-Price circulating current sys-
tem to the protection of alternators. What precautions must be taken in installing
this system? [8+8]

5. (a) Discuss earth fault protection for transformers.

(b) A 3-phase transformer rated for 33kV/6.6kV is connected star-delta and the
protecting current transformer on the low voltage side have a ratio of 400/5.
Determine the ratio of the current transformer on the HV side. [6+10]

6. (a) What are the requirements of protection of lines?

(b) Write short notes on the following: [10+6]
i. Fault bus protection
ii. Translay scheme.

7. (a) Discuss ungrounded system and resonant grounded system.

(b) Write short notes on Protection against arcing grounds. [8+8]

8. (a) Explain clearly why lightning arresters are used.

(b) Explain about lightning absorbers and diverters. [6+10]

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Code No: R05320205 Set No. 4
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Discuss the performance of a circuit breaker when capacitive currents are
interrupted?
(b) Ina system of 132kV, the line to ground capacitance is 0.01µF and the in-
ductance is 5H. Determine the voltage appearing across the pole of a Circuit
Breaker. If a magnetizing current of 5ampes (instantaneous value) is inter-
rupted. Determine also the value of resistance to be used across the contacts
to eliminate the restriking voltage. [8+8]

2. (a) What are the necessary auxiliaries of ABCB? Describe compressed air system
for supplying compressed air to the air blast circuit breakers?
(b) Explain current chopping in VCB. Explain the function of RC surge suppres-
sors used with vacuum switchgear for motor switching. [8+8]

3. Explain the terms

(a) Current setting

(b) Plug setting multiplier
(c) Time- setting multiplier
(d) Primary protection and back up protection. [4+4+4+4]

4. (a) Explain how the inclusion of a resistance in the neutral earthing circuit of an
alternator affects the performance of the differential protection of the three-
phase stator.
(b) Describe how protection is provided in large turbo-alternators against earth-
fault in the rotor [8+8]

5. What is Buchholz relay? Discuss its working principle? For what types of faults is
it employed? [16]

6. With a neat sketch discuss the differential scheme for bus zone protection. [16]

7. (a) Discuss the advantages of grounding the neutral of the system.

(b) A 33kV, 50 Hz network has a capacitance to neutral of 1.0µF per phase.
Calculate the reactance of an arc suppression coil suitable for the system to
avoid adverse effect of arcing ground. [8+8]

8. (a) How over head transmission lines are protected from lightning strokes.

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Code No: R05320205 Set No. 4
(b) Why ground wire is provided as the top lost conductor in high voltage trans-
mission lines. [6+10]

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