Code No: R05321303 Set No.

1
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS
(Electronics & Control Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. A feedback system is characterized by the closed loop transfer function

s2 +3s+3
T (s) = s3 +2s 2 +3s+1

Construct a state model for this system and also give the block diagram represen-
tation for the same. [16]

2. (a) Consider
 the system   
−1 0 1 0
Ẋ =  1 −2 0  X + 1 U

0 0 −3 1
and output 
y= 1 1 1 X
Transform the system into observable canonical form.
(b) The state equations of a system are given below. Determine whether the
system
 is completely controllable
  andobservable.
−6 −18 −6 2
Ẋ =  2 3 1  X +  −3  u
 −4 −8  −3 7
y= 1 3 1 X [8+8]

3. What are the different types of non-linearities. Explain each of them in detail. [16]

4. Determine the type of singularity for each of the following differential equations.
Also locate the singular points on the phase plane ẍ + 3ẋ + 2x = 0. Draw the phase
trajectory. [16]

5. Determine the stability of the origin of the following system.

ẋ1 = x2
ẋ1 = −g(x1 ) + x2 [16]

6. A single-input
 sytem 
is described
 by  the following state equation.
−1 0 0 10
Ẋ =  1 −2 0  X +  1  u
0 1 −3 0
Design a state feedback controller which will give closed loop poles at -1±j2, -6.
Draw a block diagram of the resulting closed loop system. [16]

7. (a) Find the curve with minimum arc length between the point x(0) = 0 and the
curve θ(t) = t2 − 10t + 24
(b) Discuss state variable and control inequality constraints. [8+8]

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Code No: R05321303 Set No. 1
8. (a) Explain formulation of the optimal control problem.
(b) Explain formulation of the optimal control problem for the minimum-time
problem. [8+8]

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Code No: R05321303 Set No. 2
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS
(Electronics & Control Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Obtain the state space representation of the system shown in Figure 1 in which x1 ,
x2 , x3 constitute the state vector. Also find transfer function matrix. [16]

Figure 1
2. (a) Consider
 the system   
−1 0 1 0
Ẋ =  1 −2 0  X + 1 U

0 0 −3 1
and output 
y= 1 1 1 X
Transform the system into observable canonical form.
(b) The state equations of a system are given below. Determine whether the
system
 is completely controllable
  andobservable.
−6 −18 −6 2
Ẋ =  2 3 1  X +  −3 u
 −4 −8  −3 7
y= 1 3 1 X [8+8]

3. Derive the expression of describing function for deadzone non-lineartiy. [16]

4. Consider a system with an ideal relay as shown in figure 4b. Determine the singualar
point. Construct phase trajectories, corresponding to initial conditions,

(a) c(0)=2, ċ(0) = 1 and

(b) c(0) = 2, ċ(0) = 15 .
Take r=2 Volts and M=1.2 Volts. [16]

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Code No: R05321303 Set No. 2

Figure 4b
5. 
Find a Lyapunov
 function
  for the following system .
ẋ1 −1 1 x1
= [16]
ẋ2 2 −3 x2
6. What is a Reduced-orfder observer? Derive the equations of Reduced order ob-
server?
[16]

7. (a) Given
ẋ = −x + u
x(0) = x0 ,
x(2) = x1
Find u* that minimizes
R2
J = (x2 + u2 ).dt
0

(b) Discuss minimization of function. [8+8]

8. Suppose that the system ẋ1 (t) = x2 (t); ẋ2 (t) = µ(t) is to be controlled to minimize
the performance measure the
R2
J(x1 , u) = 12 u2 dt. Find a set of necessary condtions for optimal control. [16]
0

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Code No: R05321303 Set No. 3
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS
(Electronics & Control Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. For the system shown in Figure 1, choose υ1 (t) and υ2 (t) as state variables and
obtain the state variable representation. The parameters of the system are given
as R=1MΩ; C=1µF. Find the state transition matrix. [16]

Figure 1
2. Consider
 the system   
−1 0 1 0
Ẋ =  1 −2 0  X − 0 U

0 0 −3 1
and output 
y= 1 1 0 X
Transform the system into
(a) controllable canonical form and
(b) observable canonical form. [8+8]
3. Derive the expression of describing function for deadzone non-lineartiy. [16]
4. Linear second order servo is described by the equation ë + 2τ wn ė + wn2 e = 0, where
τ =0.15, wn = 1 rad/sec e(0)=1.5 and ė (0) = 0. Determine the singular point.
Construct the phase trajectory, using the method of isoclines. [16]
5. Determine whether the folowing quardratie form in negative difenate or positive
definite.
Q = −x2 − 3x22 − 11x23 + 2 x1 x2 − 4x2 x3 − 2x1 x3 [16]
6. What is a Reduced-orfder observer? Derive the equations of Reduced order ob-
server?
[16]
7. (a) The functional given by
Rt1
J(x) = (2x + 12 ẋ2 ) dt
1

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Code No: R05321303 Set No. 3
x(1) = 2, x(t1 ) = 2, t1 > 1 is free.
Final the extremals.
(b) Discuss the application of Euler-Lagrange equation and derive the equation.
[8+8]

8. Formulate the two point boundary -value problem which when solved, yields the
optimal control u∗ (t) for the system
ẋ1 = x2
ẋ2 = x1 + (1 − x21 ) x2 + u
x(0) = [ 1 0 ]T
R2
J = 12 (2x21 + x22 + u2 ) dt
0
when

(a) u(t) is not bounded and

(b) |u(t)| ≤ 1.0 [8+8]

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Code No: R05321303 Set No. 4
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS
(Electronics & Control Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. A feedback system is characterized by the closed loop transfer function

s2 +3s+3
T (s) = s3 +2s 2 +3s+1

Construct a state model for this system and also give the block diagram represen-
tation for the same. [16]
2. Block diagram representation of a linear time-invariant system is given in figure 2.
Verify its complete controllable and observable conditions. [16]

Figure 2
3. The block diagram of a system with hysteresis is shown in Figure 3. Using describ-
ing function method, determine whether limit cycle exists in the system. If limit
cycles exists, determine their amplitude and frequency. [16]

Figure 3
4. Linear second order servo is described by the equation ë + 2τ wn ė + wn2 e = 0, where
τ =0.15, wn = 1 rad/sec e(0)=1.5 and ė (0) = 0. Determine the singular point.
Construct the phase trajectory, using the method of isoclines. [16]
5. Determine the stability of the following system using Lyapunov method.
ẋ1 = x2
ẋ2 = −x1 − x21 .x2 [16]

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Code No: R05321303 Set No. 4
6. (a) Show that the zero‘s of a scaler system are invariant under linear state feedback
to the input.
(b) For a single input system explain pole placement by state feedback. [8+8]

7. (a) Given
ẋ = −x + u
x(0) = x0 ,
x(2) = x1
Find u* that minimizes
R2
J = (x2 + u2 ).dt
0

(b) Discuss minimization of function. [8+8]

8. (a) Explain formulation of the optimal control problem.

(b) Explain formulation of the optimal control problem for the minimum-time
problem. [8+8]

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