A PROJECT REPORT ON

MUSICIAL BELL
Submitted in partial fulfillment of board of Technical Education of Rajasthan, Jodhpur SESSION:- 2010-2011 GUIDED BY
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:-

Mr. Vijay Kumar Yadav (Project Incharge)

SURENDRA SHARMA

A PROJECT REPORT ON

MUSICIAL BELL
Submitted in partial fulfillment of board of Technical Education of Rajasthan, Jodhpur SESSION:- 2010-2011 GUIDED BY:Mr. Vijay Kumar Yadav Mr. Manoj Sharma

SUBMITTED TO: Mr. Vijay Kumar Yadav (Project Incharge)

SUBMITTED BY:SURENDRA SHARMA

MUSICIL
BELL

ABSTRACT: WHY WE CHOOSE THIS:I chose the musical bell because Iknow its thory and component very well.and I am interested with musical instrument.Ihave also ablity of any CKT on PCB.In other rPCB.In other reaion ,it is also used in intertantement purpose ,many people is like to do intertantement so it is a popular project, It is not so costly its all component is also aviable in market.

SUMMARY:We know that IC UM3481/UM3482 is used many purpose such as tone generator,rhythm generator,modulator,run off control,oscillator&pri amplifier so very few number of component is required for this CKT.C1 &R1 act the timing componentsfor the built in oscillator.The tx Q1 is used to drive the loudspeaker.Touch switch s one end is connected to positive point with 100K resistor & other end is connected with a diode to IC s pin no 4.The CKTworks from two chargable cell and produce enough sound.

FUTURE:Musical bell is the basic principle for typical bell, to the future of musical bell is very good . So the musical bell will have large marketing in future. So the future of this project is bright.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I , SURENDRA SHARMA take this opportunity to pay my thanks to Shri Manish Sharma (Head of Electronics & Communication Department), Govt. Polytechnic College, Alwar to allow me to take the project training and report in Department and also thanks to Mr. Vijay Kumar Yadav the incharge for granting me the permission and guidance to accomplish the project training in Electronics lab at Electronics & Communication department , Govt. Polytechnic College, Alwar.

At last it is my Duty to thanks the staff for their successful of my project training.

SURENDRA SHARMA EL. FINAL YEAR 2010-11 GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE ALWAR (RAJ.)

GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, ALWAR (RAJASTHAN) ELECTRONICS DEPARTMENT PROJECT REPORT 2011

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Project entitled MUSICIAL BELL has been completed to my satisfaction by SURENDRA SHARMA under my guidance and supervision. They have completed their project in the given duration of 24 working days. Starting from June 2011 to July 2011. These performances during the project were found excellent.

(Mr. Vijay Yadav) Sr. Lecturer & Project Incharge

WHAT IS THE PROJECT & AIM OF THE PROJECT

The meaning of project is to give physical resistance to the vibrating brain ideas and through. Project is a great source to dovelop technical skill in the technical students. During the, students goes through different problem and experiences a step through the ladder of theory. Thus he gets adequate practical knowledge of economics to go at field a very important aim of the project is that it should be feasible and economic as possible.

Actually the words project consist of seven alphabets each of them have their on separate meaning.

P FOR PLANNING:Planning is must to start work or scheme. If planning is good and impressive, half work is done. R FOR REALIBLE SOURCE:Practical and theoretical material and an able guidance assistance are achieved from different sources to prompt the function of planned area. O FOR OVERALL EXPENSES:Over all expenses to provide final design to any project also considerable these expect are analyzed and method of working of project.

J FOR JOINT EFFORT: Joint efforts are much necessary for program and results of any project. Many times some problems as book, notes etc. are sold for conventional source. E FOR ECONOMIC TIME FEASIBILITY:It is important planned scheme in how much economic and timed feasible. It is necessary to analyze the estimate time for completion of the project. C FOR CONTRUCTION:After analyzing the project complete project report work is done to give logical distance to planned scheme. T FOR TESTING:Testing is done before submitting the project and after testing the gadget is ok for use.

PROJECT REPORT PROCESS

PROJECT ORGANISING:The project training program is intended for students who have completed their final year in Polytechnic College. This is the awareness & practical experience program that will be conducted by Electronics Department Govt. Polytechnic College, Alwar during the 27 June 2011 to July 2011, for all of students of Final year Electronics Department, Govt. Polytechnic, Alwar (RAJ.)

PROJECT PROCESS:The project training process will be based on scheduled as detailed under:1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Discussion seminar by H.O.D. Group Selection Project Selection Project Complication Project Testing Report Submission Presentation Evaluation Certificate & Award

CONTENTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. INTRODUCTION &THEORITICAL DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATION OF COMPONENT LIST WORKING PRINCIPLE PROJECT DESCRIPTION COMPONENT TESTING RESULT CONCLUTION BIBLIOGRAPHY SOURCE/COURTSEY

THERITICAL DESCRIPTION

THEORITICAL DESCRIPTION:This ckt produce a musical tone whenever someone push the switch,designated as push switch in the ckt.The ckt works from two chargable cell.and produce enough sound. The ckt uses ICUM3481/UM3482 commonly used in musical ckt.The IC contains a rom with 12 musical tones. IC UM3481 produce different tones such as;*Jingle bell *Santa claus is coming to town *Silent night/Holy night *Joy to the world *We wish you a Marry chrismas ICUM3482 also produceones different tone such as *Rabbits *Oh my darling *Butter fly

*London bridge is falling down *Are you sleeping *Happy birthday

SPECIFICATION OF COMPONENT LIST

1. SEMICONDUCTORS IC UM3481/UM3482 TRANSISTOR - BC187/BC147 DIODE - 1N4007

2. RESISTERS R1 R2

- 12 K ohms (1 Pc.) - 100 K ohms (1 Pc.)

3. CAPACITORS C1

- 47 PF

4. MISELLANEOUS IC BASE BATTERY BELL SWITCH PCB SOLDERING IRON SOLDERING WIRE JUMPER WIRE FLUX

- 16 PIN (each 1 Pc.) - 3 VOLT - (each 1 pc) - Small & Big (1 Pc.) - 25W (1 Pc.) - as required - as required - as required

PROJECT DESCRIPTION
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:The circuit diagram of MUSICAL BELL is given below: -

Circuit diagram of musical bell

DETAIL OF COMPONENTS
In the figure of Musical bell there are many components are included in this circuit. The individual detail of each component is given below:-

RESISTOR:Resistor are used extensively in electronic circuit for getting appropriate voltage and to drop the excess voltage across them & for the same reason resistors are used here also, generally the carbon film type resistors are used. Resistors are passive component as they can t amplify or process any electrical signal. Resistor is a two terminal device. Resistor used here fixed resistor that is there value can t be changed.

Colour coding of resistor

Carbon film resistor

Carbon film resister also called cracked carbon film resister and manufactured by depositing carbon film by decomposition of suitable hydrocarbon on a ceramic substrate. Thus carbon is produced become integral of ceramic rod. The value of resister is then set by spiriting the film of form a continuous long path between ends.

Different types of resistors

CAPACITOR:Capacitors are used as storage element storing for electrical energy in them. They may be fixed or variable, but here fixed value capacitors are used. Capacitor basically consist of two metal plate cold electrodes separated by an insulator called the dielectric. Electrolytic capacitor used very thin film aluminum on tantalum oxide as it dielectric found by an electrolytic process. Mica capacitor consist of thin sheet of mica places between the electrodes of copper on thin lead foil the damped together to ensure a perfect contact and place in backlight for protection against moisture.

Electrolytic capacitor

internal structure of capacitor

Non-polar cap

Various types of capacitors

DIODES:Diode is a semiconductor device. Generally P-N junction diodes are used & in our project,the P-N junction diodes are used. The P-N junction diodes are work in the two modes in forward bias & reverse bias. The circuit employs the diodes in forward bias. This is a device, which allows to flow current only in one direction. Here IN4007 diodes are used. These diodes are made by different techniques like as alloy junction, diffusion, point contact, epitaxial growth etc.

VARIOUS TYPES OF DIODES

TRANSISTORS:Transistor is a semiconductor device. Twotype of transistors are used in electronic circuits, these are P-N-P & N-P-N transistor. Here we used 2N3904 N-P-N transistor. The transistors are work as amplifier and switch. Here the transistors are used as a switch. The transistor is work, when a voltage is applied on the base of transistor. The transistors are used in three configurations. First is common collector, second is common emitter & third is common base. The transistor is work in three regions, these are active region, saturation region &Cut-offregion. In active region, both junction of transistor are forward bias. In saturation region, one junction is forward bias and second is reverse bias. In cut-off region, both junctions are in reverse bias. Various techniques are used to manufacture the transistor like as alloy junction, epitaxial growthetc.

Various types of Transistors

Power supply:The power supply unit provided a constant 3v supply to entire unit. There are two 1.5 volt rechargeable batteries (cells) used in this circuit .These cells are connected in series with each other.

Chargeable cell

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD:PCB is used to reduce the size of circuit it contents a Bakelite sheet having a thin copper coating which conduct and appropriated path are provided from component via tracks instead of wires. In general PCB matrices of copper is block is these with wholes for components leads and connection are made by using jumper wire instead of copper track. Here we use general PCB.

Printed circuit board(PCB)

COMPONENT TESTING

TESTING OF ICs:ICs should be tested before mounting on PCB. For this purpose IC tester is used. IC tester is a device used to test different type of ICs. We test IC um3481/um3482 from IC tester.

TESTING OF CAPACITOR &RESISTOR:The value of resistance & capacitance can be find with suitable colour coding. The resistance value can be tested with multimeter. The resistance are tested by using the multimeter .For testing of capacitor using multimeter a battery is required.

TESTING OF POWER SUPPLY:3V can be test by multimeter by set it 20V range of DC voltage. It show about 9V then power supply is correct.For testing the dc voltage the black lead is work as ground lead and red lead is work as positive lead.

TESTING OF DIODE:Diodes are also tested with multimeter. In forward condition diode shows small resistance whether in reverse condition diode shows infinite resistance. It is also tested with CRO that show forward & reverse characteristics of diode.

TESTING OF TRANSISTOR:-

Transistors are also tested using multimeter. The multimeter is selected in resistance range to test the transistor.For this we connect the black lead of multimeter to the each terminal of the transistor with red lead to other terminal, when the deflection is come , that terminal is known base terminal .

After this we set the multimeter in the higher resistance range then connect the the red lead to base and black lead to other terminal of transistor, when the deflection is come ,that terminal is known as collector of transistor and the remaining terminal is known as emitter terminal of transistor.

Thus we have tested all the component of the project before mounting on the PCB.

RESULT

We have design our project MUSICIAL BELL . After assembling the MUSICIAL BELL project, We have found that this project is working accurately.

CONCLUSION

We have gained a wonderful experience and practical knowledge in this project, although the period provided was very short for allotted tesk. Yet we wanted to do many things in details. After doing this project we got sufficient confidence for doing such type of project works for industrial application. We are really thankful to Mr. VIJAY YADAV sir for giving excellent view about and also in deciding project. We are also thankful during our project work.

PROJECTORS

# SURENDRA SHARMA

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. ELECTRONICS COMPONENT & SHOP PRACTICE

K.R. NAHAR

2. LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT 3. PULSE WAVE & SHAPING CIRCUITS 4. ELECTRONICS DEVICE & -

GAYAKAWAD RAJUL SINGHAL SANJEEV GUPTA

CIRCUIT 5. DIGITAL CIRCUITS & IC FABRICATION R.P. JAIN

SOURCE/COURTSEY

Project Taken from site

www.elecircuit.com

Component from shop

- Shakti Electronics
Road No. 2, Alwar(Raj.)

Estimated Cost

- Rs. 400/-