ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Shawn Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

Winter 2009

ASSIGNMENT #1 (DUE: FEBRUARY 9, 2008)

Instructions: To demonstrate comprehension of the subject matter and to prepare for the final examination, include a handwritten sample calculation for each unique calculation required in each problem. For repetitive calculations, the use of electronic calculation packages (e.g. Excel, Matlab) are allowed. Sufficient information, which may include text, tables or figures, must be included to demonstrate the problem set requirements have been satisfied. Problem 1-1 Calculate the unfactored hoop stress for a 406.4 mm (16) nominal outside diameter pipeline with D/t ratios (15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 45) using Barlow, Thin Wall and Lams (for inside and outside diameter) equations for the following conditions: (a) Internal pressure of 10 MPa and external pressure of 0 MPa [5] (b) Internal pressure of 10 MPa and external pressure in 200 m water depth assuming gravitational 2 3 constant of 10 m/s and water density of 1000 kg/m . [5] (c) Is the Barlow stress equation conservative or unconservative? [5] (d) What specific characteristic can be observed for the hoop stress calculated using thin wall theory in comparison with Lams equation? [5] Problem 1-2 Consider a thick-walled pipeline with a 406.4 mm (16) nominal outside diameter and 20.3 mm wall thickness. Use Lams equation to plot the distribution of tangential stress and radial stress as a function of the pipeline wall thickness using the dimensionless ratio (r/a) for the following load cases: (a) Internal overpressure where Pi = 20MPa and Pe = 10MPa [10] (b) External overpressure where Pi = 10MPa and Pe = 20MPa [10] Use 10 data points through thickness. Compare with the results from thin wall theory. Problem 1-3 A jacket platform is located in 50m water depth. The 609.6mm diameter pipeline, with an initial assumed 14.1mm wall thickness and 50mm concrete weight coating, connects the subsea manifold to the production facility. The total pipeline length is 50km. The pipeline profile is schematically illustrated 3 in the following figure. The offshore linepipe is DSAW grade 450 and has a density of 7850kg/m . The 3 pipeline has concrete weight coating with a density of 3050 kg/m . The corrosion allowance is 3mm. The design pressure is 13.5MPag and referenced at the topside tie-in flange with an elevation of 25m at mean sea level (MSL). Assume the inlet temperature at the subsea tie-in with the manifold of 100C is constant along the pipeline length. The oil has an API of 38, viscosity of 10 centipoise and wax appearance 3 temperature of 20C. The oil density (kg/m ) can be determined by the expression

= 1000

kg 141.5 m 3 131.5 + API

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ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Shawn Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. Winter 2009

Design Pressure El.: +25m

B El.: -75m

A El.: -225m

C El.: -750m

(a) Does the pipeline have negative buoyancy? Assume the water density is 1025 kg/m . [5] (b) At points B and C, are wall thickness requirements for pressure containment met? [15] (c) At points B and C, are wall thickness requirements for system test pressure met? [10] Problem 1-4 Consider the following offshore single-phase natural gas pipeline system located outside the 500m excursion zone. Pipeline diameter Linepipe grade Linepipe fabrication Initial ovality Water density 914.4mm 450 UOE 0.01 3 1025kg/m

(a) Illustrate graphically the variation in the collapse pressure, propagating pressure and allowable external pressure as a function of the nominal D/t ratio (20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45) for the installation case with pmin = 0. [10] (b) As a function of D/t ratio (20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45) compare the collapse pressure and propagation pressure predicted by Langner (1999) ) OTC 10711 with DNV OS-F101. [15] (c) If the numerical procedures of Langner (1999) were used in the analysis rather than DNV OS-F101, would the design be comparatively conservative? (Yes or No). [5]

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