A Logical-Reasoning Endeavor

I. Materials Needed
A. Pencil and paper
B. Logical reasoning

II. Procedures
Answer the following questions given the “clues”.

1. Inspector Bob E. Sleuth of the London Police Force is investigating a £1 million robbery at the Two Dot
Diamond Exchange. Five suspects are in custody.

►’Green-faced’ Larry. He gets so carsick police had to walk him to the station.
►’Gun-shy’ Gordon. He has been afraid of guns since he shot off his big toe as a boy.
►’Loud-mouth’ Louise. She is so shy she only leaves her Aunt Jane’s house at night
to rent “Wild World of Wrestling” videos at the corner store.
►’Tombstone’ Teri. She works the graveyard shift running a forklift at a warehouse.
►’Lefty’ McCoy. He lost his left arm in a demolition derby accident.

Inspector Sleuth has uncovered the following clues.

A. The sales clerk told police the robber had a large handgun.
B. A waiting taxi whisked the robber away.
C. The robber wore a large trench coat and a ski mask.
D. The robber clowned around in front of the security cameras.
E. The manager said the robber nervously twiddles his or her thumbs while waiting
for the clerk to stuff diamonds in some sacks.

Who should be booked and held over for trial?

2. Circle the number at the right that is described by the following clues.

A. The sum of the digits is 14. 2660 2570 905

B. The number is a multiple of 5. 1580 1058 1922
C. The number is in the thousands. 1355 1455 770
D. The number is not odd. 2290 2435 1770
E. The number is less than 2411. 1832 860 1680

3. Solve the following number riddle.

A. I am a positive integer.
B. All my digits are odd.
C. I am equal to the sum of the cubes of my digits.
D. I am less than 300.

Who am I?
?
MATH 3433 Modeling: Numeration and Operations Page 3
 B. Use indirect and logical reasoning to solve the following problems.

1. Andrea was visiting her Uncle Roland, who had a large jellybean collection. When
she asked if she could have some, he said yes, if she could solve a problem for him.
He told her that he had three jars, each covered so that no one could see the color of
the jellybeans. One jar was labeled red, the second, green, and the third red & green.
However, he said that no jar had the correct label on it. She could reach into one jar,
take one jellybean, and then she had to tell him the correct color of the jellybeans in
each jar. Which jar should Andrea choose to select from and why?

2. Students in the fifth grade were playing a trivia game involving states, state birds, and state
flowers. They knew that in Alaska, Alabama, Oklahoma, and Minnesota, the flowers were the
camellia, forget-me-not-, pink-and-white lady’s slipper, and mistletoe, and the birds were the
common loon, yellowhammer, willow ptarmigan, and scissor-tailed flycatcher. But they didn’t
know which went with which. They called the library and received the following clues. Use the
clues to complete the table below.

A. The flycatcher loves to nest in the mistletoe.

B. The forget-me-not is from the northernmost state.
C. Loons and lady’s slippers go together, but Minnesota and mistletoe do not.
D. The yellowhammer is from a southeastern state.
E. The willow ptarmigan is not from the camellia state.

State
Flower
Bird
3. Mike said to Linda, “Bet you can’t guess the number of candies I have in this sack.” “Give me a
clue,” she said. “I have more than 50 but less than 125. If you divide them into piles of 8, there
are 2 left over. If you divide them into piles of 7, there is 1 left over,” said Mike. “Oh, that’s
easy, you have candies!” said Linda. What is Linda’s answer and how did she get the
answer so easily?

4. Four married couples are celebrating Thanksgiving together. The wives’ names are Jolene, Jane,
Mary, and Chris. Their husbands are Bob, Rick, Lee, and Lyle. Examine the following clues
and determine who is married to whom.

A. Rick is Jolene’s brother.

B. Mary has two brothers, but her husband is an only child.
C. Lyle is married to Chris.
D. Jolene and Lee were once engaged, but broke up when
Lee met his present wife.

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 5. A social studies quiz consists of five true-false questions numbers 1 through 5.

A. There are more true than false answers.

B. Questions 1 and 5 have opposite answers.
C. No three consecutive answers are the same.
D. Josh knows the correct answer to the second question.
E. From these clues, Josh can determine the correct answer to each question.

What are the correct answers to each of the five questions on the quiz?

6. During the recent Cherokee Cup, the first four horses did well to finish ahead of the opposition. After
Dinner was not last and the horse wearing blue was not third. Bitter Twist was before the horse in green.
Dare Devil came first. Bitter Twist finished before After Dinner. Catch Me wore red but Bitter Twist did
not wear yellow. Can you determine where each horse finished and the colors they wore?

7. The day before yesterday, Alan was 27. Next year he will be 30. How?

8. Jack has a major crush on Jill. During study hall, he finally gathers all of his courage and writes her a
note asking her out on Saturday night. The note passes to five students (who all read it) before it gets to
Jill. Just as Jill gets the note, Mrs. Wilson the teacher confiscates it. After reading the note, she wants to
know all who were involved in the note passing incident. She questions her students, and receives the
following responses.
• The girl studying English passed it to Paul who passed it to the girl in green.
• Josephine passed it to the boy in blue who gave it to Alexis who was reading.
• The girl in black gave it to Jill.
• Jack first gave it to Mary who was studying English.
• The girl in black who was reading got the note from Derrick.
Mrs. Wilson remembers the following facts from study hall.
• Paul was wearing yellow.
• Derrick was studying French.
• The girl in green was studying science.
From the information given by the students, can you determine what color each culprit was wearing, the
subject they were studying and the order that they received the note? Use the chart on the next page to
help you.

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Page 6 Modeling: Numeration and Operations MATH 3433