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ETANOL - BENCENO
UNIVERSIDAD DE CARTAGENA
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA
TERMODINAMICA II
CARTAGENA D.T. y C.
2011
DETERMINACIN PRESION DE ROCO PARA EL SISTEMA ETANOL-BENCENO
Una ecuacin para calcular los coeficientes de actividad es la propuesta por Van
Laar la cual e usada de forma frecuente:
Ln 1=1+x1x22
Ln 2=1+x2x12
de y1
y2
0,0476190
5
0,9523809
5
0,0952381
0,9047619
0,1428571
4
0,8571428
6
0,1904761
9
0,8095238
1
0,2380952
4
0,7619047
6
0,2857142
9
0,7142857
1
0,3333333
3
0,6666666
7
0,3809523
8
0,6190476
2
10
0,4285714
3
0,5714285
7
11
0,4761904
8
0,5238095
2
12
0,5238095
2
0,4761904
8
13
0,5714285
0,4285714
14
0,6190476
2
0,3809523
8
15
0,6666666
7
0,3333333
3
16
0,7142857
1
0,2857142
9
17
0,7619047
6
0,2380952
4
18
0,8095238
1
0,1904761
9
19
0,8571428
6
0,1428571
4
20
0,9047619
0,0952381
21
0,9523809
5
0,0476190
5
22
Para calcular la Presin de Roco a las concentraciones dadas por medio de las
correlaciones pertinentes, se realiz el siguiente procedimiento:
Etanol (2)
A = 13.7819
A = 16.8958
B = 2726.81
B = 3795.17
C = 217.572
C = 230.918
Etanol
Mezcla
=0.210
=0.645
12=0.4275
Tc/K=562.2
Tc/K=513.9
Tc12/K=537.5077488
Pc/kPa=4898
Pc/kPa=6148
Pc12/kPa=5446.228663
Zc=0.271
Zc=0.24
Zc12=0.2555
0
Vc=259cm3mol
Vc=167cm3mo
l
Vc12=209.6475469cm3m
ol
Etanol
Mezcla
Tr=0.62815724
Tr=0.68719595
Tr=0.657013784
B0=-0.80497975
B0=-0.68610122
B0=-0.743405657
B1=-1.07338707
B1=-0.69236159
B1=-0.864958188
B11=-983.295723
B22=-787.15432
B12=-913.4030026
Luego: 12=-56.35596174
ln2=PRTB22+y1212
Obteniendo:
1=0.962596109
2=0.968027604
2sat=0.971253818
x2=0.987094888
empleando la ecuacin de Van Laar, obteniendo para este caso los datos
siguientes:
1= 6.693636573 2=1.000216251
Una vez obtenido los valores de i se calcula el error entre los coeficientes de
actividad,
Para 1 E= 5.5626296- 6.693636573 <0.001
E=1.131006962
Para 2 E=1.00599572- 1.000216251<0.001
E=0.005779469
Con
No
P (kPa)
i= 1=1
X1
X2
P (kPa)
108.41432
0.0509489
0.9490511
5.5626296
1.00599572
113.81436
108.03658
0.1015428
0.89845723
4.5101968
1.02352899
119.99832
107.66147
0.1517853
0.84821496
3.7263442
1.05223174
127.13272
107.28896
0.2016802
0.79831983
3.1331954
1.09209733
134.8926
106.91901
0.2512309
0.74876906
2.6779047
1.1434331
142.81401
106.55161
0.3004412
0.69955883
2.323966
1.20683292
150.29612
106.18673
0.3493144
0.65068564
2.0457377
1.28316492
156.65303
105.82433
0.397854
0.60214604
1.8249288
1.37357091
161.22156
10
105.4644
0.4460634
0.55393663
1.6483038
1.47947555
163.50212
11
105.10691
0.493946
0.50605405
1.5061573
1.60260391
163.28022
12
104.75183
0.541505
0.45849498
1.3912855
1.74500684
160.67247
13
104.39915
0.5887438
0.41125617
1.2982819
1.90909366
156.07615
14
104.04883
0.6356656
0.36433437
1.2230482
2.09767251
150.05083
15
103.70086
0.6822736
0.31772643
1.16245
2.31399825
143.18705
16
103.3552
0.7285708
0.27142919
1.1140726
2.56182877
136.00765
17
103.01184
0.7745604
0.22543956
1.0760443
2.8454901
128.91805
18
102.67076
0.8202455
0.17975448
1.0469079
3.16995125
122.19811
19
102.33193
0.8656291
0.13437094
1.0255267
3.54090975
116.01857
PRIMERA ITERACION
Normalizadas
Con x normalizadas
i y i
No
X1
X2
X1
X2
P (kPa)
0,99582235
5
0,996678299
0,0078941
0,9928683
9
0,007888
08
0,99211192
6,747215
03
1,0001458
8
113.72764
88
0,99374629
6
0,995122836
0,01733744
0,9923832
2
0,017170
53
0,98282947
6,464633
18
1,0006887
6
118.84309
14
0,99134610
6
0,993313294
0,0289058
0,9930735
1
0,028284
13
0,97171587
6,147055
01
1,0018613
9
124.39852
28
0,98872951
7
0,991344182
0,04332554
0,9909986
4
0,041887
77
0,95811223
5,786684
85
1,0040640
2
130.41617
03
0,98604940
9
0,989345453
0,06158858
0,9816063
0,059038
42
0,94096158
5,372636
79
1,0080321
4
136.90060
42
0,98350292
1
0,987480807
0,0852563
0,9597705
8
0,081582
87
0,91841713
4,888733
73
1,0152505
1
143.82033
96
0,98131458
1
0,985932873
0,1173739
0,9195953
3
0,113189
38
0,88681062
4,308456
59
1,0291777
6
151.06815
95
0,97970164
8
0,984874238
0,16587241
0,8522349
5
0,162922
31
0,83707769
3,579984
79
1,0601341
2
158.35418
05
10
0,97882903
4
0,98443087
0,2652697
0,7269636
3
0,267346
09
0,73265391
2,552547
79
1,1627833
7
164.78192
09
11
0.97877037
4
0.984651737
0.57472431
0.4092344
6
0.584093
89
0.41590611
1.306615
58
1.8918519
6
165.94213
42
12
0.97949280
0.985498625
0.73194902
0.2688363
0.731374
0.26862534
1.111482
2.5779992
160.54638
SEGUNDA ITERACIN
Con nuevos valores de
Normalizadas
Con x normalizadas
i y i
No
X1
X2
X1
X2
P (kPa)
0,9938863
96
0,998673426
0,00787158
0,9940990
74
0,0078560
98
0,992143
902
6,7482174
25
1,0001447
05
113.50397
0,9922969
64
0,997289056
0,01714028
1
0,9849741
45
0,0171041
16
0,982895
884
6,4665975
05
1,0006834
62
118.59234
0,9905644
69
0,995776888
0,02824880
8
0,9741389
41
0,0281815
18
0,971818
482
6,1498888
25
1,0018479
75
124.1022
0,9886827
0,994129843
0,04186003
7
0,9608302
96
0,0417477
22
0,958252
278
5,790245
1,0040370
64
130.06625
0,9866514
95
0,992345399
0,05902933
2
0,9438600
05
0,0588592
68
0,941140
732
5,3767459
42
1,0079838
61
136.50619
0,9844827
86
0,990430493
0,08158932
8
0,9212354
15
0,0813595
08
0,918640
492
4,8932214
88
1,0151678
9
143.41523
0,9822136
2
0,988412128
0,11316816
3
0,8891656
36
0,1129046
66
0,887095
334
4,3132316
67
1,0290324
73
150.71642
0,9799412
97
0,986365984
0,16273226
9
0,8385756
21
0,1625197
11
0,837480
289
3,5851242
7
1,0598385
94
158.14734
10
0,9779631
99
0,984530015
0,26625002
1
0,7335880
47
0,2662931
42
0,733706
858
2,5604391
15
1,1614779
02
164.80861
11
0.9777385
78
0.984084746
0.58342387
6
0.4157208
74
0.5839232
76
0.416076
724
1.3069245
75
1.8912240
43
166.08418
12
0.9796785
65
0.98538787
0.73152027
5
0.2685088
63
0.7315202
75
0.268479
725
1.1113490
33
2.5788428
77
160.52897
13
0.9821216
87
0.98711467
0.80554447
8
0.1955305
78
0.8046794
03
0.195320
597
1.0559338
81
3.0542316
29
153.4141
14
0.9846352
41
0.98891797
0.85383837
1
0.1478630
66
0.8523880
86
0.147611
914
1.0310334
24
3.4272484
45
146.09767
15
0.9870706
9
0.990677073
0.88877672
8
0.1132176
21
0.8870077
25
0.112992
275
1.0178470
54
3.7345643
67
139.02262
16
0.9893687
16
0.992342465
0.91552787
1
0.0865212
87
0.9136556
46
0.086344
354
1.0102860
26
3.9946722
15
132.35163
17
0.9915079
31
0.993895053
0.93681104
2
0.0651604
52
0.9349677
58
0.065032
242
1.0057786
5
4.2188051
75
126.13473
18
0.9934850
65
0.995330419
0.95424491
2
0.0476043
75
0.9524834
97
0.047516
503
1.0030620
87
4.4145108
93
120.37238
19
0.9953057
49
0.996651486
0.96886771
9
0.0328782
67
0.9671790
38
0.032820
962
1.0014523
22
4.5871842
59
115.04294
20
0.9969797
9
0.997864726
0.98137885
2
0.0203239
09
0.9797106
39
0.020289
361
1.0005523
49
4.7408450
1
110.11577
21
0.9985186
2
0.998978114
0.99226638
7
0.0094772
31
0.9905392
65
0.009460
735
1.0001196
3
4.8785793
12
105.55755
TERCERA ITERACION
Con nuevos valores de
Normalizadas
Con x normalizadas
i y i
No
X1
X2
X1
X2
P (kPa)
0,9939647
21
0,998733325
0,00785672
3
0,9922034
03
0,007856
251
0,9921437
49
6,7482126
51
1,0001447
1
113.49714
76
0,9923842
08
0,997356146
0,01710564
9
0,9829619
76
0,017104
492
0,9828955
08
6,4665863
64
1,0006834
92
118.58431
73
0,9906669
16
0,995856115
0,02818452
7
0,9718957
08
0,028182
266
0,9718177
34
6,1498681
6
1,0018480
72
124.09224
13
0,9888029
22
0,994223352
0,04175304
5
0,9583421
66
0,041749
07
0,9582509
3
5,7902107
23
1,0040373
23
130.05386
62
0,9867861
65
0,992450761
0,05886785
3
0,9412401
06
0,058861
499
0,9411385
01
5,3766947
39
1,0079844
61
136.49145
62
0,9846202
67
0,990538697
0,08137190
5
0,9187398
18
0,081362
815
0,9186371
85
4,8931550
08
1,0151691
12
143.39920
75
0,9823322
77
0,988506081
0,11291941
2
0,8871785
51
0,112908
351
0,8870916
49
4,3131698
17
1,0290343
51
150.70165
45
0,9800106
71
0,986421251
0,16252505
5
0,8375333
75
0,162515
559
0,8374844
41
3,5851773
29
1,0598355
5
158.13810
1
10
0,9779542
95
0,984522878
0,26610219
4
0,7338900
86
0,266104
248
0,7338957
52
2,5618590
85
1,1612443
2
164.80987
88
11
0.9776913
36
0.984046664
0.58384908
3
0.4161066
03
0.583874
957
0.4161250
43
1.3070121
27
1.8910462
72
166.09153
77
12
0.9796843
56
0.985392563
0.73152916
1
0.2684764
42
0.731525
062
0.2684749
38
1.1113446
45
2.5788706
21
160.52806
61
13
0.9821765
06
0.987159338
0.80472712
0.1953266
34
0.804683
865
0.1953161
35
1.0559311
64
3.0542640
09
153.40585
87
14
0.9847178
95
0.988985684
0.85246100
1
0.1476206
6
0.852391
394
0.1476086
06
1.0310319
75
3.4272762
62
146.08574
36
15
0.9871629
32
0.990753058
0.88709132
1
0.1130002
36
0.887010
109
0.1129898
91
1.0178462
79
3.7345866
86
139.00989
48
16
0.9894590
03
0.992417257
0.91373938
3
0.0863505
03
0.913657
258
0.0863427
42
1.0102856
34
3.9946886
17
132.33973
16
17
0.9915907
77
0.993964071
0.93504605
3
0.0650365
84
0.934968
79
0.0650312
1
1.0057784
64
4.2188163
87
126.12431
24
18
0.9935592
85
0.995392608
0.95255473
3
0.0475193
94
0.952484
128
0.0475158
72
1.0030620
05
4.4151814
2
120.36345
53
19
0.9953727
83
0.996707981
0.96724420
9
0.0328227
91
0.967179
408
0.0328205
92
1.0014522
89
4.5871887
12
115.03523
01
20
0.9970424
29
0.997917828
0.97977220
3
0.0202904
3
0.979710
84
0.0202891
6
1.0005523
38
4.7408475
35
110.10887
13
21
0.9985801
0.99903061
0.99060033
0.0094612
0.990539
0.0094064
1.0001196
4.8785804
105.55105
78
353
18
44
31
CUARTA ITERACION
Con nuevos valores de
Normalizadas
Con x normalizadas
i y i
No
X1
X2
X1
X2
P (kPa)
0,9939671
11
0,998735153
0,00785627
0,9921455
65
0,007856
255
0,9921437
45
6,7482125
11
1,0001447
1
113.49693
94
0,9923869
98
0,997358292
0,01710454
0,9828976
22
0,017104
503
0,9828954
97
6,4665860
36
1,0006834
93
118.58406
09
0,9906703
58
0,995858777
0,02818236
4
0,9718203
32
0,028182
288
0,9718177
12
6,1498675
53
1,0018480
75
124.09190
67
0,9888071
76
0,994226661
0,04174924
9
0,9582541
2
0,041749
109
0,9582508
91
5,7902097
31
1,0040373
31
130.05342
8
0,9867911
97
0,992454698
0,05886179
9
0,9411422
34
0,058861
562
0,9411384
38
5,3766932
97
1,0079844
78
136.49090
57
0,9846257
05
0,990542977
0,08136326
5
0,9186411
53
0,081362
906
0,9186370
94
4,8931531
81
1,0151691
45
143.39857
4
0,9823372
58
0,988510025
0,11290893
0,8870951
81
0,112908
466
0,8870915
34
4,3131678
9
1,0290344
09
150.70103
49
0,9800137
7
0,98642372
0,16251603
4
0,8374865
76
0,162515
61
0,8374843
9
3,5851766
82
1,0598355
87
158.13768
83
10
0,9779538
71
0,984522538
0,26609520
9
0,7339044
22
0,266095
307
0,7339046
93
2,5619263
33
1,1612332
68
164.80993
96
11
0.9776888
88
0.98404469
0.58387078
0.4161269
24
0.583872
12
0.4161278
8
1.3070172
67
1.8910358
38
166.09191
91
12
0.9796846
55
0.985392805
0.73152534
3
0.2684749
47
0.731525
131
0.2684748
69
1.1113445
82
2.5788710
18
160.52801
96
13
0.9821792
47
0.987161572
0.80468612
1
0.1953165
66
0.804683
959
0.1953160
41
1.0559311
07
3.0542646
93
153.40544
64
14
0.9847218
62
0.988988934
0.85239483
0.1476090
89
0.852391
489
0.1476085
11
1.0310319
33
3.4272770
62
146.08517
11
15
0.9871671
66
0.990756546
0.88701391
4
0.1129902
89
0.887010
186
0.1129898
14
1.0178462
54
3.7345874
1
139.00931
06
16
0.9894629
63
0.992420538
0.91366091
5
0.0863430
27
0.913657
313
0.0863426
87
1.0102856
21
3.9946891
76
132.33920
99
17
0.9915942
49
0.993966964
0.93497206
4
0.0650314
0.934968
826
0.0650311
74
1.0057784
57
4.2188167
78
126.12387
56
18
0.9935622
6
0.995395101
0.95248698
0.0475159
91
0.952484
15
0.0475158
5
1.0030620
02
4.4145183
97
120.36309
77
19
0.9953753
56
0.996710148
0.96181908
0.0328206
63
0.967179
421
0.0328205
79
1.0014522
88
4.5871888
68
115.03493
43
20
0.9970447
33
0.997919781
0.97971310
4
0.0202891
99
0.979710
847
0.0202891
53
1.0005523
38
4.7408476
23
110.10861
76
21
0.9985823
0.999032463
0.99054150
0.0094606
0.990539
0.0094606
1.0001196
4.8785804
105.55082
51
65
356
44
18
83
37
En el punto azeotrpico, este valor ser igual a la 1, por lo cual revisamos la volatilidad
relativa para cada una de las composiciones; debemos tambin extrapolar los valores
de xi para y1=0 y para y1=1.
y1=0
Tenemos en este caso que y2=1
As, siendo m relacin entre la diferencia para los datos:
m=yn-yn-1xn-xn-1
m1=y2-y1x2-x1=y3-y2x3-x2
m1=y3-y2x3-x2=5.148979836
m1=y2-y1x2-x1
=6.579854946
Para y1=1
Tenemos que en este caso y2=0.
Utilizando tambin las pendientes para hallar los valores de xi, P y , obtenemos
los siguientes valores:
x1=0.001367864
x2=0.998632136
P=100.9930298
=0.18530152
y2
x1
0.001391
994
x2
0.998608
016
0.992144
0.982895
0.971818
0.958251
0.941138
0.918637
0.887091
0.837484
0.42857 0.57142
0.266088 0.733912
1
9
0.47619 0.52381
0.58387
0.41613
0.52381
0.731525
0.268475
0.195316
0.147608
0.47619
0.666667 0.333333
0.88701
0.11299
0.086343
0.065031
0.047516
0.032821
0.020289
0.009461
0.998632
136
0.001367
864
6.579854
946
6.314355
5
6.048856
1
5.747212
6
5.400612
5
4.996566
0
4.516243
4
3.928363
9
3.171233
2
2.068613
0
0.647918
7
0.403707
7
0.323631
8
0.281400
9
0.254765
5
0.236255
6
0.222574
0
0.212016
5
0.203605
9
0.196738
6
0.191020
1
0.185301
502
113.49649
37
113.49693
94
118.58406
09
124.00919
067
130.05342
8
136.49090
54
143.39857
4
150.70103
49
158.13768
83
164.8099
396
166.0919
191
160.52801
96
153.40544
64
146.08517
11
139.00931
06
132.33920
99
126.12387
56
120.36309
77
115.03493
43
110.10861
76
105.55082
37
100.99302
98
bla 2. Teorema el valor medio, aplicado para utilizar las composiciones y la presin del sistema etanol benceno, en el punto
eotrpico.
y(1)
y(2)
y(medio)
x(1)
x(2)
x(media)
P1
P2
Pmedia
(1)
(2)
4285 0.4761 0.4523 0.2660 0.5838 0.4249 164.8099 166.0919 165.4509 2.0686 0.6479 1.1177
7
9
8
9
7
8
4
2
3
1
2
4
4523 0.4761 0.4642 0.4249 0.5838 0.5044 165.4509 166.0919 165.7714 1.1177 0.6479 0.8514
8
9
9
8
7
2
3
2
2
4
2
6
4523 0.4642 0.4583 0.4249 0.5044 0.4647 165.4509 165.7714 165.6111 1.1177 0.8514 0.9747
8
9
3
8
2
0
3
2
8
4
6
0
4523 0.4583 0.4553 0.4249 0.4647 0.4448 165.4509 165.6111 165.5310 1.1177 0.9747 1.0434
8
3
6
8
0
4
3
8
5
4
0
1
4553 0.4583 0.4568 0.4448 0.4647 0.4547 165.5310 165.6111 165.5711 1.0434 0.9747 1.0084
6
3
5
4
0
7
5
8
1
1
0
0
4568 0.4583 0.4575 0.4547 0.4647 0.4597 165.5711 165.6111 165.5911 1.0084 0.9747 0.9913
5
3
9
7
0
4
1
8
5
0
0
9
4568 0.4575 0.4572 0.4547 0.4597 0.4572 165.5711 165.5911 165.5811 1.0084 0.9913 0.9998
5
9
2
7
4
5
1
5
3
0
9
5
4568 0.4572 0.4570 0.4547 0.4572 0.4560 165.5711 165.5811 165.5761 1.0084 0.9998 1.0041
5
2
3
7
5
1
1
3
2
0
5
1
4570 0.4572 0.4571 0.4560 0.4572 0.4566 165.5761 165.5811 165.5786 1.0041 0.9998 1.0019
3
2
2
1
5
3
2
3
3
1
5
8
4571 0.4572 0.4571 0.4566 0.4572 0.4569 165.5786 165.5811 165.5798 1.0019 0.9998 1.0009
2
2
7
3
5
4
3
3
8
8
5
2
4571 0.4572 0.4571 0.4569 0.4572 0.4571 165.5798 165.5811 165.5805 1.0009 0.9998 1.0003
7
2
9
4
5
0
8
3
0
2
5
8
4571 0.4572 0.4572 0.4571 0.4572 0.4571 165.5805 165.5811 165.5808 1.0003 0.9998 1.0001
9
2
1
0
5
8
0
3
2
8
5
2
4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4571 0.4572 0.4572 165.5808 165.5811 165.5809 1.0001 0.9998 0.9999
1
2
1
8
5
1
2
3
7
2
5
9
4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4571 0.4572 0.4572 165.5808 165.5809 165.5809 1.0001 0.9999 1.0000
1
1
1
8
1
0
2
7
0
2
9
5
4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 165.5809 165.5809 165.5809 1.0000 0.9999 1.0000
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
7
3
5
9
2
4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 165.5809 165.5809 165.5809 1.0000 0.9999 1.0000
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
7
5
2
9
0
4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 165.5809 165.5809 165.5809 1.0000 0.9999 0.9999
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
7
6
0
9
9
4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 165.5809 165.5809 165.5809 1.0000 0.9999 1.0000
4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 0.4572 165.5809 165.5809 165.5809 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
6
6
0
0
0
.457
21
0.457
21
0.457
21
0.457
21
0.457
21
0.457
21
1.000
00
1.000
00
1.000
00