APPLICATION OF INTEGRALS

EXERCISE 8.1
Q1. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve
2
y x and the lines
1, 4 x x
and above x-axis.
Sol:
Required area
4
3
4
2
1
1
2
Area of the shaded region
3
xdx x
]

]
]

( )
2 14
8 1 square units
3 3

Q2. Find the area of the region bounded by
2
9 , 2, 4 y x x x and the x-
axis in the first quadrant.
Sol:
Required area
Area of the shaded region
4
3
4 3
2
2 2
2
2
3 3
3
y dx xdx x
]

]
]

( )
3 3
2 2
2 4 2 2 8 2 2 16 4 2 square units
]
]

]
]
]
.
Q3. Find the area of the region bounded by
2
4 , 2, 4 x y y y and the y-
axis in the first quadrant.
Sol:
Required Area
Area of the shaded region
4
3
4 4
2
2 2
2
2
2 2
3
x dx ydy y
]

]
]

4 32 8 2
8 2 2
3 3
]

]

]
]
]
square units
Q4. Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse
2 2
1
16 9
x y
+ .
Sol:
Area bounded by the ellipse
( ) 2 Area of the shaded region
4
2
0
3
4 4 16
4
y dx x dx

2 2
2
3
1 16
16 9 4
x y
y x
| `
+

. ,
Q
4
2 2
0
3 4 x dx

4
2 2 2
1
0
4 4
3 sin
2 2 4
x x x

| `
+ ]

. ,
]
]
( )
1
3 0 8sin 1 0

] +
]
3 8 12
2

square units
Q5. Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse
2 2
1
4 9
x y
+ .
Sol:
Area bounded by the ellipse
( ) 4 Area of the shaded region
2 2
2
0 0
3
4 4 4
2
y dx x dx

2 2
2
3
1 4
4 9 2
x y
y x
| `
+

. ,
Q
2
2
2
2 2 1
0
0
4
6 2 6 2sin
2 2
x x x
x dx

]

| `
+ ]

. ,
]
]

1
6 2sin 1 6 2 6
2

]
]
Q6. Find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by x-axis and
3 x y by the circle
2 2
4 x y +
Sol: Here 3 x y or
1
3
y x

represents a straight line passing
through origin and inclined at angle of
30 with positive direction of x axis
and the equation
2 2
4 x y +
represents a circle with centre( ) 0, 0
and radius 2 units.
Solving the equation of line
1
3
y x
and the circle
2 2
4 x y + we get
2 2
2 2
4
4 4 3 3
3 3
x x
x x x + t .
But we have to find the area of the region in the first quadrant only therefore
reject 3 x
When 3 x we get
1 y
. Thus point of intersection is( )
3,1
.
Thus the Required Area
1
Area under the line from 0 to 3
3
y x x x
| `


. ,
( )
2 2
Area under the circle 4from 3 to 1 x y x x + +
3 1
2
0 3
1
4
3
xdx x dx +

2
3
2 2
1
0
3
1 4 4
sin
2 2 2 2 3
x x x x

]
] | `
+ + ]
]
. ,
] ]
]
( )
( )
2
2 1 1
1 3 4 3 3
3 0 0 2sin 1 2sin
2 2 2 3

]
| `

]
+ +
]
]
]
]
. ,
]
3 3
2 2 2
2 2 2 3 3


| ` | `
+

. , . ,
square units.
Q7. Find the area of the smaller part of the circle
2 2 2
x y a + cut off by the
line
2
a
x
.
Sol: The equation of the line is
2
a
x
.(1) and the equation of the circle is
2 2 2
x y a + (2)
By (1) and (2) we get
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2
a a a
y a y a y +
2
a
y t
.
Thus the line
2
a
x
and the circle
2 2 2
x y a + intersects at the points
,
2 2
a a | `

. ,
and
,
2 2
a a | `

. ,
.
The required area ( ) 2 Area of the shaded region in the first Quadrant
2 2
2
2
a
a
a x dx

( )
2 2 2 2 2
By (2) y a x y a x Q
2 2 2
1
2
2 sin
2 2
a
a
x a x a x
a

]
| `
+ ]

. ,
]
]
2 2 2 2 2
2
2 0 2
2 2 2 2 4 8 4
2 2
a a a a a a
a

]
]
+ ]
]
] ]
]
2
1
4 2
a

| `


. ,
square units
Q8. The area between
2
x y and 4 x is divided into two equal parts by the
line
x a
, find the value of
a
.
Sol: As area under
2
x y between 0 x and
x a
is equal to the area under
the curve
2
x y between
x a
and 4 x
4
0
a
a
xdx xdx

4
3 3
2 2
0
2 2
3 3
a
a
x x
] ]

] ]
] ]
3 3 3
2 2 2
2 2
0 4
3 3
a a
] ]

] ]
] ]
3 3
2 2
8 a a
3 3
2 2
2 8 4 a a
2 4
3 3
4 2 a a
Q9. Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola
2
y x and
y x
.
Sol: The given equations are:-
2
y x ..(1)
y x
(2)
By (1) and (2) we get ( )
2
2
0 1 0 x x x x x x
0, 1 0, 1,1 0,1,1 x x x y
Thus the point of intersection are( ) ( ) ( ) 0, 0 , 1,1 , 1,1
Thus the required area
( ) 2 Area of the shade region
{
1 1
2
0 0
2 xdx x dx

1 1
2 3
0 0
2
2 3
x x

] ]


' '
] ]
] ]


1 1 1 1
2 2
2 3 6 3
] | `


]
] . ,
square units.
Q10. Find the area bounded by the curve
2
4 x y and the line
4 2 x y
.
Sol: The given equations are:-
2
4 x y (1)
4 2 x y
(2)
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 0 2 1 0 2, 1 x x x x x x x x + +
When 2 x , by (1) we get
1 y
and when 1 x by (1) we get
1
4
y .
Thus the points of intersections are( )
1
2,1 , 1,
4
| `

. ,
The required area
2
2 2
1 1
2
4 4
x x
dx dx

+


2 2
2 3
1 1
1 1 1 1 1 8 1
2 2 4 2
4 2 4 3 4 2 4 3 3
x x
x

] ] ] ]
| ` | `
+ +
] ] ] ]
. , . ,
] ] ] ]
15 3 9
8 4 8

square units.
Q11. Find the area bounded by the curve
2
4 y x and the line 3 x
The required area
( ) 2 Area of the shaded region in I Quadrant
1
3 3
2
0 0
2 2 4 xdx x dx

3
3 3
2 2
0
2 8
4 3 0
3 3
x
] ]

] ]
] ]
( )
8
3 3 8 3
3

square units.
Q12. Area lying in the first quadrant and bounded by the circle
2 2
4 x y +
and the line 0 x and 2 x is
(a)

(b)
2

(c)
3

(d)
4

Sol: Required Area

2
2
0
4 x dx

2
2
1
0
4
2sin
2 2
x x x

+ ]
]
]
1
0 2sin 1 0 2
2

] +
]
square
units.

(A) is the correct answer.

Q13. Area of the region bounded by the
curve
2
4 y x ,y-axis and the line
3 y
is:
(a) 2 (b)
9
4
(c)
9
3
(d)
9
2
Sol:
Sol:- The required area
3
2 3
3
0
0
1 1 27 9
4 4 3 4 3 4
y y
dy
]
]

]
]
]
]

square units.

The correct answer is (b).

Exercise-8.2
Q1. Find the area of the circle
2 2
4 4 9 x y + which is interior to the parabola
2
4 x y .
Sol:- The given equations area
2 2
4 4 9 x y + (1)
and
2
4 x y (2)
By (1) and (2) we get
2 2
4(4 ) 4 9 4 16 9 0 y y y y + +
( ) ( ) 2 9 2 1 0 y y +
9 1
,
2 2
y y
For
9
2
y by (1) we get
2
9
4 18 0
2
x
| `
<

. ,
which is not
possible.
Thus
1
2
y . By2)
2
1
4 2 2
2
x x
| `
t

. ,
.
Thus the poins of intersection are
1 1
2, and 2,
2 2
| ` | `

. , . ,
The required area ( ) 2 Area of the shaded region in I Quadrant
2
2 2
2
0 0
9
2
4 4
x
x dx dx



' '



2
2 2
2 2
0 0
3 2
2
2 4
x dx x dx
| `


. ,

2
2
3
2 1
0
0
9 9 2 1
2 sin
2 4 8 3 2 3
x x x
x

]
]
| `
+
] ]
. ,
]
]
( )
3
1
2 9 9 2 2 1
2 2 sin 2
2 4 8 3 6

]
| `
]
+
]
]
]
]
. ,
]
1
2 1 9 2 2 2 2
2 sin
2 2 8 3 6

]
| `
+
]
]
. ,
]
1 1
2 9 2 2 2 2 2 9 2 2
sin sin
2 4 3 6 6 4 3

| ` | `
+ +

. , . ,
square units.
Q2. Find the area bounded by the circle ( )
2
2
1 1 x y + and
2 2
1 x y +
which lies to the right of 0 x and to the left of 1 x
Sol: The given equations are
( )
2
2
1 1 x y + (1)
2 2
1 x y + (2)
Subtracting equation (1) from (2)
we get
( )
2
2
1
1 0
2
x x x
Thus by (2)
2
1
1
4
y +
2
3 3
4 2
y y t
Thus the points of intersection
are
1 3
,
2 2
P
| `

. ,
and
1 3
,
2 2
Q
| `

. ,
The required area [ ]
2 Area of the shaded region in the first quadrant
( )
1
1
2
2
2
1
0
2
2 1 1 1 x dx x dx

+
' '


( )
( ) ( )
1
1
2
2
1 2 1
1
0
2
1
1 1
2 1 1 sin 1 2 1 sin
2 2 2 2
x
x
x x x x

]
]
+ + +
]
]
]
]
( ) ( ) ( )
1
1
2 2
1 2 1
1
0
2
1 1 1 sin 1 1 sin x x x x x x
]
]
+ + +
] ]
]
1 1 1 1
1 0 1
2 4 6 2 2 2 4 6

] ]
| ` | `
| ` | `
+ + +
] ]

. , . ,
] ]
. , . ,
] ]
3 3
4 6 2 2 4 6

+ +
3
3 2

| `
2


. ,
square units