ANTENNA & ITS APPLICATION IN AMATEUR RADIO ( HAM )

By Indranil Maji

KEYS OF THE PRESENTATION :

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Introduction. What is an ANTENNA? General categories of antenna with example & visualization. Ham radio is an important application of antenna.

1. INTORDUCTION
A STATION IS ONLY AS EFFCTIVE AS ITS ANTENNA SYSTEM.
Low power good communication quality High power poor communication quality Good ANTENNA. Poor ANTENNA.

2. WHAT IS AN ANTENNA?

An antenna (or aerial) is a transducer that transmits or receives electromagnetic waves. Antenna used for any types of wireless communication. Length of antenna should be matched proportional of the wave length of the transmitting signal.

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Tower safety. level Second

SAFETY FIRST to edit Master text styles Click

Electrical Third level Fourth level safety. Fifth level Lightning protection. R.F. Radiation safety.

OVERVIEW & PARAMETERS

Resonant frequency :
Works over a range of frequencies , centered on this frequency, called the resonant frequency. Radiated or absorbed power is maximum at this frequency.

Gain :
This parameter measures the degree of directivity of the antenna's radiation pattern.

LOW GAIN DIRECTION HIGH GAIN

RADIATION IN ALL UNIDIRECTIONAL RADIATION

RADIATION PATTERN :
Pattern of the relative field strengths of the field emitted by the antenna.

IMPEDANCE :
Impedance matching reduces S.W.R. (standing wave ratio) and transfer maximum power through the each part of the antenna. S.W.R.= (Power)max : (Power)min

EFFICIENCY :
Ratio of actually radiated power and the given power to terminals of antenna.

BANDWIDTH :
Range of frequencies over which it is effective , usually centered on the resonant frequency.

RADIATION ANGLE :
Reference plane is Earth. High frequency Low frequency Angle decreases. Angle increases.

3. GENERAL CATEGORIES OF ANTENNA WITH EXAMPLE & VISUALIZATION

1.

Omni-directional Antenna :
Radiates equally in all direction. Example:

5/8 Lambda vertical antenna (Gain- 3dB) Vertical dipole antenna GP antenna (Gain o dB) Inverted Vee antenna Horizontal loop antenna Long wire antenna

OMNI DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS

2.

Directional Antenna : Radiates more in one or two direction than other direction. Example : Yagi antenna Quad antenna Log periodic antenna Horizontal dipole antenna (bidirectional) Disc antenna Fish bone antenna

DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS

4. HAM RADIO IS AN IMPORTANT APPLICATION OF ANTENNA

Amateur Radio or Ham Radio is both a to edit Master text s Click hobby and a service of communication. level Second Communicate directly without any involvement of satellite.

Third level

Fourth level Fifth level

The term amateur differentiate it fromcommercial and professional twoway radio services.

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Second level

Third level

Fourth level
Fifth level

FIELD OF ANTENNA
To radiate or receive R.F. signal

from any Transceiver , antenna is very essential. Special antenna used where well designed director & reflector used. Generally 5/8th, 1/4th , 1/10th lambda antennas are used. Antenna tuner, tunes the

DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANTENNAS

HAM STATION

Now time for Question