Basic Electrical Safety

Basic Electrical Safety Energized Electrical Work (EEW)

Show Video: Electrical Safety for Qualified Electrical Workers

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Table of Contents
Module 1: Safety Roles and Responsibilities Module 2: Basic Electrical Terms Module 3: Current and the Human Body Module 4: Electrical Accident Injuries Module 5: Electrical Hazards Module 6: Emergency Response Steps

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Module 1 Safety Roles and Responsibilities

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Basic Electrical Safety Safety Roles and Responsibilities

Module 1 Topics
What role do employees and management play in safety? What is a safety violation? What are the procedures for reporting safety violations?

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Basic Electrical Safety Safety Roles and Responsibilities

What is managements role in safety?
Management must: Create and maintain a safe work environment. Determine and arrange for appropriate safety training. Regularly inspect work areas and equipment for hazards and take immediate corrective action when necessary.
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Basic Electrical Safety Safety Roles and Responsibilities

What is managements role in safety?
Management must also: Enforce company safety procedures. Report and correct safety violations or accidents. Be a safety role model.

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Basic Electrical Safety Safety Roles and Responsibilities

What is the employees role in safety?
Follow all safety procedures as detailed in specs. Report all safety hazards and violations. Ensure all employees (including contractors and vendors) comply with safety procedures.
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Basic Electrical Safety Safety Roles and Responsibilities

What is the employees role in safety?
Recognize electrical hazards and make sound judgments on your ability to do a job safely. Be qualified and trained to work on electrically energized equipment for your job.
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Basic Electrical Safety Safety Roles and Responsibilities

A situation in which:

What is a safety violation?

The task being performed contradicts the stated policy, training, or good common sense (not wearing proper PPE for the job). Personal safety is impacted by the way a person works (not following specs to fix equipment or using shortcuts).
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Safety is owned by you!

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Basic Electrical Safety Safety Roles and Responsibilities

What are the procedures for reporting safety violations? If you observe a safety violation, you should: STOP the violation, if possible. REPORT, verbally, the situation to the supervisor in charge immediately. RECORD the details in written memo form. FOLLOW-UP with the supervisor on what is being done.
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Module 2
Basic Electrical Terms

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Basic Electrical Safety Basic Electrical Terms

Topics What are the definitions of these terms? Electricity Current Voltage Resistance Amps Volts
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Ohms Direct current Alternating current Conductor Insulator

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Basic Electrical Safety Basic Electrical Terms What is electricity?

It is composed of the simplest form of matter, the electron.

Electrons spin around the nucleus of an atom and are easily broken away. When an electron is broken away and sent on a circuit, we have an electrical system.

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Basic Electrical Safety Basic Electrical Terms How does electricity flow?
The flow of electrons in an electrical circuit is called current.

Current flow in a circuit is similar to

water flowing through a hose.

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Basic Electrical Safety Basic Electrical Terms How does electricity flow?
Water flow depends on the amount of pressure supplied by the pump, and the width and friction of the hose. Current flow depends on pressure produced by the generator, and the characteristics of the circuit.
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Basic Electrical Safety Basic Electrical Terms What are voltage and resistance?
The amount of current that flows in a circuit depends on voltage and resistance: The "pressure" that pushes electrons through a circuit is called voltage. The opposition the circuit offers to the flow of electrons is called resistance.
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Basic Electrical Safety Basic Electrical Terms How is electricity measured?

The "pressure" (voltage) that "pushes" electrons through a circuit is measured in volts. The flow of electrons (current) passing a given point is measured in amperes (amps). The opposition to the flow of electrons (resistance) is measured in ohms.
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Basic Electrical Safety Basic Electrical Terms What is an electrical conductor?

A material having many free electrons that can move easily. A good conductor; for example, copper wire allows billions of electrons to flow in the same direction, thus providing a great path for energy to electrical systems and equipment.
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Basic Electrical Safety Basic Electrical Terms What is an electrical insulator?

A material having few free electrons that cannot move easily. Rubber, dry wood, porcelain, and clay are good insulators. Insulators prevent electricity from flowing where it should not flow and control the flow of electricity in order to WSO prevent accidents.

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Basic Electrical Safety Basic Electrical Terms

What are Direct and Alternating currents?
Direct Current (DC):
Current that flows in one direction and voltage never changes, like a car battery.

Alternating Current (AC): Current that changes

direction at a regular rate, like electrical current supplied to your home.

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Module 3 Current and the Human Body

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Basic Electrical Safety Current and the Human Body

Module 3 Topics How does current enter and travel through the human body? How does current affect the body? How can you protect yourself from electrical current?
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Basic Electrical Safety Current and the Human Body

How does current enter the body?
Typical points of entry are the hands and feet as they come in contact with electrical current. Moisture beneath a ring or watch will decrease the skin's resistance and allow current flow.

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Basic Electrical Safety Current and the Human Body

How does current travel through the body?
The body, composed mostly of water, is a conductor of electricity, so current travels easily. Current travels the path of least resistance to complete its circuit. This path could be through upper limbs or between upper and lower limbs. If this includes the heart and respiratory systems, it can result in serious injury.
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Basic Electrical Safety Current and the Human Body How does alternating current affect the body?
At .4 mA: No sensation. At 1.1 mA: A slight tingling sensation. At 1.8 mA: Shock. At 16 mA: Painful shock. Loss of muscle control can cause the person to lock on to the source. Above 23 mA: Severe injuries and possible death.
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Basic Electrical Safety Current and the Human Body How can you protect yourself from electrical current?
Understand the basics:
How current flows through a circuit (the greater the current the greater the danger). Which materials are conductors and which are insulators. How small measurements of electrical current can still be very dangerous, especially if there is low resistance such as wet conditions or not wearing WSO PPE.

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Basic Electrical Safety Current and the Human Body How can you protect yourself from electrical current?
Make repairs unless the power is off and is disconnected by following proper CoHE procedures.

When working around electrical equipment, NEVER:

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Basic Electrical Safety Current and the Human Body How can you protect yourself from electrical current?

When working around electrical equipment, NEVER: Use equipment or appliances with frayed cords. Operate, repair, submerge or work with equipment in or around water.

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Basic Electrical Safety Current and the Human Body How can you protect yourself from electrical current?
Remove all conductors such as metal jewelry and watches. Remove pagers and portable phones. Use required PPE such as insulated tools, gloves, and floor mats. Keep your skin dry! Use warning signs and protective barriers.
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When working around electrical equipment, ALWAYS:

Module 4
Electrical Accident and Injuries

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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Accident and Injuries

Module 4 Topics What are the primary and secondary injuries resulting from electrical accidents? What factors determine the severity of an injury from electrical current?
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Electrical Safety Electrical Accident and Injuries

What injuries are caused from electrical accidents?

There are two categories:

Primary injuries--physical damage directly to the body from the electrical current (1st -3rd degree burns) and arc/flash Secondary injuries--physical damage to the body resulting from accidents caused by the shock (head injuries from a fall).
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Electrical Safety Electrical Accident and Injuries Primary Injuries

Burns: Can vary in degree from minor surface blisters to 1st to 3rd degree burns. High voltage electrical burns can cause such extensive injury that amputation may become necessary. Types of burns include electrical, thermal, and arc/flash burns. High current use often causes extremely hot surfaces.
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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Accident and Injuries Primary Injuries

Electrical Burns
May occur as current passes through the body and generates heat. Often appear at the points of entry and exit. If internal, may damage or burn tissue and vital organs.
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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Accident and Injuries Primary Injuries

Respiratory Failure
Electrical current can disturb the normal function of nerves and muscles including the heart and lungs. If chest muscles remain contracted, breathing can stop. CPR is required immediately to restore breathing.
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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Accident and Injuries

Ventricular Fibrillation

Primary Injuries
Electrical current can cause a rapid irregular contraction of the heart muscle and lack of synchronism between heartbeat and pulse. Can lead to immediate heart and/or respiratory failure requiring CPR. Sometimes symptoms may not appear until later; if you receive a shock, report it to the nurse immediately to ensure no problems exist.

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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Accident and Injuries What are secondary injuries?
Injuries to the body resulting from accidents caused by electrical current:
Falls from high places can cause concussions, broken bones, or lacerations. During shock, the reflex actions of muscles may cause falls or sudden moves into other hazards.
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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Accident and Injuries What determines the severity of injuries from electrical shock?
The amount of current or amperage passing through the body. The current path through the body. The frequency of the current (ac or dc). The duration of the current flow. The intensity of the arc/flash
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Module 5
Electrical Hazards

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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard

Topics
What is an electrical hazard? What are physical hazards? What are behavioral hazards? When are behaviors hazardous at work?

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Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard

What is an electrical hazard? An electrical source of danger. A potential risk for an electrical accident.

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Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard

Electrical Hazards in the Workplace
What are some examples of common electrical hazards in the workplace? What action should be taken to correct them? Classify which are behavioral hazards and which are physical hazards.

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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard What are the types of electrical hazards?
A situation with the potential for human injury.
Electrical hazards can be:

Physical hazards (unsafe condition) Behavioral hazard (unsafe Act)

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Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard Physical Hazards (Unsafe Conditions)

Wet floors. Bare or frayed wires Overloaded circuits An electrical cord under rug or tarp. Energized equipment with exposed circuits. Storage of flammables near electrical outlets or equipment. Area not barricaded during electrical work
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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard Behavioral Hazard

Not following specs or safety precautions. Observing other employees not following specs and failing to correct the unsafe behavior.
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Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard Behavioral hazard

Indifference. Lack of knowledge. Working stressed or fatigued Taking shortcuts or risks. Not following specs or directions. Not de-energizing. Not locking-out. Working alone. Removing ground prong. Thinking, It cant happen to me.
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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard

Protection Against Hazards Passive: Does not require any action by the worker to be effective. Active: Requires action by the worker in order to be effective.
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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard

Passive Protection Passive protection is used as the first line of defense: Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs). Covers and shielding. Grounding or earthing. Interlocks.
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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard

Active Protection Wearing PPE. Use of insulated tools/mats. Use of fiberglass ladders only. Barricading the work area. Applying secondary grounding. Knowledge of the task to be performed. Not using metal fish tapes. Removal of jewelry before beginning work. Use of proper illumination. Removal of combustibles in area. WSO

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Basic Electrical Safety Electrical Hazard

STOP and THINK about the hazards: Before you try to fix an electrical problem. Before you operate any piece of electrical equipment.

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Module 6
Emergency Response Steps

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Basic Electrical Safety Emergency Response Step

Module 6 Topic What are the proper steps for responding to an electrical accident?

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Basic Electrical Safety Emergency Response Step

Step #1: Turn off the Power Find the Emergency Machine Off (EMO) button and turn off the power. Know in advance where these buttons are located.

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Basic Electrical Safety Emergency Response Step Step #2: Safely Free the Person
If it is not possible to find the EMO switch, attempt to safely free the person with proper equipment such as a body hook, non-conductive harness, or other non-conductive object to pry or knock the person free. Never attempt to pull the person away by hand; you could also lock onto the source. WSO

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Basic Electrical Safety Emergency Response Step Step #3: Call for Help
Pick up the phone and call for help. Be sure you know (ahead of time) the emergency number at your site. P3P43911 and P1P27111/7171
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Basic Electrical Safety Emergency Response Step Step #4: Do Not Leave the Person
Stay with the person until help arrives. Inform people in the area in order to avoid further injuries.

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Basic Electrical Safety Emergency Response Step Emergency Response Steps Review
Step #1: Turn off the Power Step #2: Safely Free the Person Step #3: Call for Help Step #4: Do not Leave the Person

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SERIOUS ELECTRICAL INJURIES

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SERIOUS ELECTRICAL INJURIES

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SERIOUS ELECTRICAL INJURIES

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Thank you

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Control Of Hazardous Energy LOCK OUT / TAG OUT

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LOCKOUT KIT

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Course Outline:
1. Introduction 2. Types of Hazardous Energies 3. Lockout/Tagout Procedures

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Introduction
Course Goal: Control of Hazardous Energies is designed for employees who are required to lockout/tagout equipment. It explains the types of potential hazardous energies in students work areas. Students will learn how to control hazardous energies by performing lockout/tagout procedures.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

What is a hazardous energy?
Any form of energy, in an uncontrolled state, which presents a POTENTIAL for injury or damage. As a part of ATP commitment to safety, the Control of Hazardous Energies program is to be strictly followed to ensure the safety of its employees.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Types of Hazardous Energies
Electrical: voltage, current, static electrical potentials, RF Chemical: reaction, fire, explosion Mechanical: shearing, rolling, crushing, pinching Thermal: hotter than 140F/60C, colder than 32F/0C Potential or stored energy: batteries, springs, capacitors Other: laser, ionizing & non-ionizing radiation, pneumatic, hydraulic, gravitational, pressure
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Show Video: Lockout/Tagout: Controlling the Beast

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Electrical Lockouts

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Mechanical Lockouts

Hasps / Cable Lockouts

Gate Valve Lockouts

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Ball Valve Lockouts

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Terms and Definitions

Lockout:

The placement of a physical restraint energy isolating device, which ensures that the equipment cannot be operated or cannot release a hazardous energy.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Terms and Definitions

Tagout:

The placement of a warning/ identification tag on an energy isolating device to indicate that the equipment must not be operated. It also identifies the person who applied the lock/tag. WSO

Control Of Hazardous Energy

Terms and Definitions

Energy Control Point: The single point at which hazardous energy flow can be effectively and positively blocked so that it can no longer cause injury or loss of resources. There may be more than one Energy Control Point on a tool. WSO

Control Of Hazardous Energy

Terms and Definitions, continued

Affected person: A person who operates or maintains equipment that may be locked/tagged out. Also, a person who works in an area where equipment is being serviced. Authorized person: A person who locks/tags out machines or equipment in order to perform servicing or maintenance. Danger Zone: The area or work space where, if the hazardous energy was inadvertently released, the energy could potentially cause injury.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

COHE Alternative Method

Exception when lockout/tagout is not required or is impractical during maintenance activities Alternative means must enable employees to service the machine without being exposed to hazardous energy Must be approved by governing body before lockout/tagout requirement is discontinued WSO

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Situations Requiring Lockout/Tagout
Servicing, maintaining, or repairing any equipment where hazardous energies are present. Working on electrical circuits and systems to prevent the risk of electrical shock, flash, or blast. Working near other hazardous energies that could result in the unintentional release of stored energy, causing injury.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Guideline Requirements
Lockout/tagout is required when the work requires an employee to place any part of his/her body into an area where a danger zone exists. Only authorized persons are allowed to perform lockout/tagout on equipment. All equipment using hazardous energies must be capable of accepting lockout/tagout.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Lockout/Tagout Rules
Lockout/tagout devices shall not be used for any purpose other than controlling hazardous energies. Do not remove someone elses lock or tag. Use only approved locks and tags and include the following information: Employee name Any other information required by your site EHS.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

What steps should you follow to do lockout/tag out safely?
Lockout/tag out is done in 4 easy steps: 1. Prepare for application. 2. Apply COHE devices. 3. Prepare for re-energization. 4. Remove the COHE devices.

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Step 1: Prepare for Application
Read and understand the equipmentspecific procedures. Obtain the lockout/tag out devices. Notify Affected Employees. Locate the energy control point for each hazardous energy. Stop and/or shut off the equipment. Isolate the equipment from all hazardous energies sources.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Step 2 Apply Lockout/Tag out Devices

: Apply the lockout/tag out device to the energy control point in the off position

Dissipate, drain, or safely release any stored energy. Verify that ALL energy sources have been isolated. Attempt to restart. Test with meters, gauges, Remember to do a 3-point check to ensure your volt meter is working properly
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Step 3: Prepare for Re-Energization
Inspect work area for removal of nonessential items. Ensure all safety controls have been replaced (interlocks, valves, guards, covers, etc.). Notify Affected Employees before re-energization. Ensure personnel are in a safe location before re-energizing system.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Step 4: Removal of Lockout/Tagout Devices
Remove locks and tags Remove blocks, blinds, etc. if applicable. Re-energize the equipment/system. Communicate to all affected personnel that the equipment has been re-energized.

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

The Custodial Lockout
May also be known as equipment lockout or operational lockout. Provides protection to systems, equipment, and/or machinery ONLY--no employees. Requires different locks and tags than the locks and tags used for Controlling Hazardous Energies.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Equipment Used for Lockout/Tagout
Lockout/tagout devices must be standardized. Locks must be unique with a single key, and not used for any other purpose. Tags must: Be durable and withstand the environmental conditions encountered in the workplace. Be used whenever a lock is placed. Contain specific employee information. Be secured to the energy control point.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Special Situations
Abandoned locks Contract workers Multiple workers Lock boxes Change of shift

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Special Situations: Abandoned Locks
The lock may not be cut until:

All forms of hazardous energy are identified to be at zero hazardous energy level. The Abandoned Lock Removal Form has been completed and procedures followed.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Special Situations: Contract Workers
Contractors will inform their ATP Sponsors of their control of hazardous energies program. All contractor procedures must meet OSHA requirements, as well as ATP expectations. The ATP Sponsor will ensure that the contractor has an understanding of ATP Control of Hazardous Energies program, as well as specific procedures that may affect him/her.
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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Special Situations: Multiple Workers
Always use a multi-lock hasp and/or lock box. Never remove anyone elses lock and tag. Never rely on anyone elses lock and tag. Each lock will have a single key and the key must be held by the person who applied the lock.

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Special Situations: Lock Boxes
The Tool Owner, Project Manager, or person supervising the lockout must:
Apply a lock and tag to each hazardous energy control point. Place the key(s) to the lock(s) in a lock box. Affix his/her own lock and tag to the lock box.

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Control Of Hazardous Energy

Special Situations: Lock Boxes cont.
Authorized Persons working on the locked system must:
Affix their lock and tag to the lock box prior to beginning work. Use a multiple lockout hasp or lock box if more than one employee needs to lock out. All personnel exposed to potential danger zones shall apply their own lockout/tagout device. Verify that the systems they are working on are de-energized and that the lock is on the correct isolation device. Remove their lock and tag when they have completed their work. Stop work and inform the person supervising the task of start and stop times as well as any issues found. WSO

Control Of Hazardous Energy

Special Situations: End or Change of Shift
If work is extended beyond one shift, or a relief person is needed to complete the work, a handoff must be coordinated between both parties. Both parties must be in attendance. The new shift worker must secure the source or lockout point with his/her own lock and tag and verify zero energy (always refer back to the applicable Energy Control Procedure). The current shift worker must remove his/her own lock and tag. Keys shall never be exchanged or passed between employees. WSO

Thank you

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