Modul Garis Pengaruh

GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BEBAN BERJALAN

DENGAN CARA MATRIKS

Contoh :
Hitung dan gambar bidang garis pengaruh gaya-gaya batang dengan cara matriks !
apabila h = 4 m dan λ = 5 m

6 12 7 13 8

5 6 7 8 11
9 h
10

1 1 2 3 4 5
2 3 4

L=4xλ

Solusi :
P2 P4 P6
6 12 7 13 8
P1 P3 P5

5 6 7 8 11 4m
9
10 m
P8 P10 P12
1 1 2 3 4 5
2 P7 3 P9 4 P11 P13

4x5m

4
α = arc tg = 38,66o
5
sin α = 0,6247
cos α = 0,7809

Analisis Struktur 1
Modul Garis Pengaruh

Beban berjalan P = 1 kN (berarah ke bawah) pada joint-joint :

Joint 1 → F1 s/d F13 selalu = 0
Joint 2 → kondisi pembebanan no 1 (= LC 1)
Joint 3 → kondisi pembebanan no 2 (= LC 2)
Joint 4 → kondisi pembebanan no 3 (= LC 3)
Joint 5 → F1 s/d F13 selalu = 0

6 12 7 13 8

LC 1 :
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
P=1
1 5
1 2 3 4
2 3 4

6 12 7 13 8
LC 2 :

5 6 7 8 9 10 11
P=1
1 5
1 2 3 4
2 3 4

6 12 7 13 8

LC 3 :
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
P=1
1 5
1 2 3 4
2 3 4

Analisis Struktur 2
Modul Garis Pengaruh

NF = 13
NF = NP
NP = 13

Matriks beban luar [ P ] :

P LC 1 2 3

1 0 0 0

2 0 0 0

3 0 0 0

4 0 0 0

5 0 0 0

6 0 0 0
[ P ]13x3 = 0 0 0
7

8 -1 0 0

9 0 0 0

10 0 -1 0

11 0 0 0

12 0 0 -1

13 0 0 0
kN

Analisis Struktur 3
Modul Garis Pengaruh

Persamaan kesetimbangan pada masing-masing joint :

- Joint 6 : ∑ H6 = 0 → P1 – F5 cos α + F7 cos α + F12 = 0
P1 = F5 cos α – F7 cos α – F12
∑ V6 = 0 → P2 – F5 sin α – F7 sin α – F6 = 0
P2 = F5 sin α + F7 sin α + F6

P2

F5 cos α 6 P1 F12
α α F cos α
7

F7 sin α F7
F5 F5 sin α
F6

- Joint 7 : ∑ H7 = 0 → P3 – F12 + F13 = 0 P4

P3 = F12 – F13
P3
F12 F13
∑ V7 = 0 → P4 – F8 = 0 7
P4 = F8

F8

- Joint 8 : ∑ H8 = 0 → P5 – F9 cos α + F11 cos α – F13 = 0

P5 = F9 cos α – F11 cos α + F13
∑ V8 = 0 → P6 – F9 sin α – F10 – F11 sin α = 0
P6 = F9 sin α + F6 + F11 sin α

P6

F9 cos α 8 P5 F11 cos α

F13 α α

F9
F9 sin α
F11 sin α F11

F10

Analisis Struktur 4
Modul Garis Pengaruh

- Joint 2 : ∑ H2 = 0 → P7 – F1 + F2 = 0 F6
P7 = F1 – F2
P8
∑ V2 = 0 → P8 + F6 = 0 P7
F1 F2
P8 = – F6 2

- Joint 3 : ∑ H3 = 0 → P9 – F2 + F3 – F7 cos α + F9 cos α = 0

P9 = F2 – F3 + F7 cos α – F9 cos α
∑ V3 = 0 → P10 + F7 sin α + F8 + F9 sin α = 0
P10 = – F7 sin α – F8 – F9 sin α

F8

F7 F7 sin α
F9 sin α F9
P10
α α F9 cos α
F7 cos α
F2 3 P9 F3

- Joint 4 : ∑ H4 = 0 → P11 – F3 + F4 = 0
F10
P11 = F3 – F4
∑ V4 = 0 → P12 + F10 = 0 P12
P11
P12 = – F10 F3 F4
4

- Joint 5 : ∑ H5 = 0 → P13 – F4 – F11 cos α = 0

P13 = F4 + F11 cos α

F11

α 5
F4 P13
F11 cos α

Analisis Struktur 5
Modul Garis Pengaruh

Matriks Statis [ A ] :

P F 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

1 0 0 0 0 0,7809 0 -0,7809 0 0 0 0 -1 0

2 0 0 0 0 0,6247 1 0,6247 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 -1

4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,7809 0 -0,7809 0 1

[ A ]13x13 = 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,6247 1 0,6247 0 0

7 1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

9 0 1 -1 0 0 0 0,7809 0 -0,7809 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0,6247 -1 -0,6247 0 0 0 0

11 0 0 1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0

13 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,7809 0 0

Analisis Struktur 6
Modul Garis Pengaruh

Matriks Invers [ A ]-1 :

F P 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

1 0.7500 -0.9375 0.7500 -0.6250 0.7500 -0.3125 1.0000 -0.9375 1.0000 -0.6250 1.0000 0.7500 -0.9375

2 0.7500 -0.9375 0.7500 -0.6250 0.7500 -0.3125 0.0000 -0.9375 1.0000 -0.6250 1.0000 0.7500 -0.9375

3 0.2500 -0.3125 0.2500 -0.6250 0.2500 -0.9375 0.0000 -0.3125 0.0000 -0.6250 1.0000 0.2500 -0.3125

4 0.2500 -0.3125 0.2500 -0.6250 0.2500 -0.9375 0.0000 -0.3125 0.0000 -0.6250 0.0000 0.2500 -0.3125

5 0.3201 1.2006 0.3201 0.8004 0.3201 0.4002 0.0000 1.2006 0.0000 0.8004 0.0000 0.3201 1.2006

[ A ]-113x13 = 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -1.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

7 -0.3201 0.4002 -0.3201 -0.8004 -0.3201 -0.4002 0.0000 0.4002 0.0000 -0.8004 0.0000 -0.3201 0.4002

8 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

9 0.3201 -0.4002 0.3201 -0.8004 0.3201 0.4002 0.0000 -0.4002 0.0000 -0.8004 0.0000 0.3201 -0.4002

10 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

11 -0.3201 0.4002 -0.3201 0.8004 -0.3201 1.2006 0.0000 0.4002 0.0000 0.8004 0.0000 -0.3201 0.4002

12 -0.5000 0.6250 0.5000 1.2500 0.5000 0.6250 0.0000 0.6250 0.0000 1.2500 0.0000 -0.5000 0.6250

13 -0.5000 0.6250 -0.5000 1.2500 0.5000 0.6250 0.0000 0.6250 0.0000 1.2500 0.0000 -0.5000 0.6250

Analisis Struktur 7
Modul Garis Pengaruh

Matriks Gaya Batang [ F ] = [ A ]-1 [ P ] :

F LC 1 2 3

1 0.9375 0.6250 0.3125

2 0.9375 0.6250 0.3125

3 0.3125 0.6250 0.9375

4 0.3125 0.6250 0.9375

5 -1.2006 -0.8004 -0.4002

6 1.0000 0.0000 0.0000

[ F ]13x3 =
7 -0.4002 0.8004 0.4002

8 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

9 0.4002 0.8004 -0.4002

10 0.0000 0.0000 1.0000

11 -0.4002 -0.8004 -1.2006

12 -0.6250 -1.2500 -0.6250

13 -0.6250 -1.2500 -0.6250

kN

Kondisi Kondisi Kondisi

Pembebanan 1 : Pembebanan 2 : Pembebanan 3 :
gaya batang gaya batang gaya batang
akibat beban akibat beban akibat beban
berjalan P = 1 berjalan P = 1 berjalan P = 1
arah ke bawah arah ke bawah arah ke bawah
di joint 2 di joint 3 di joint 4

Analisis Struktur 8
Modul Garis Pengaruh

6 12 7 13 8

5 6 7 8 11 4m
9
10

1 1 2 3 4 5
2 3 4

L=4x5m

0,9375
Gp F1 0,6250
dan 0,3125
Gp F2 +

Gp F3 0,9375
0,6250
dan 0,3125
Gp F4 +

Gp F5
0,4002
0,8004
1,2006

1
Gp F6
+

0,8004
Gp F7 0,4002
+
0,4002 LC 3
LC 2
LC 1

Analisis Struktur 9
Modul Garis Pengaruh

6 12 7 13 8

5 6 7 8 11 4m
9
10

1 1 2 3 4 5
2 3 4

L=4x5m

Gp F8

0,8004
Gp F9 0,4002
+
0,4002

1
Gp F10
+

Gp F11
0,4002
0,8004
1,2006

Gp F12
dan 0,6250 0,6250
Gp F13
1,250
LC 1 LC 3

LC 2

Analisis Struktur 10