Académique Documents
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First Edition : 2011 Publisher & Chief Editor D.V. RAGHURAM Executive editor P. SUBHASHINI
LAXMAN KUMAR D
CONTENTS
AWARDS / PRIZES PERSONS APPOINTMENTS DEATHS PLACES SPORTS SPORTS AND THE TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH THEM TROPHIES ASSOCIATED WITH VARIOUS SPORTS & GAMES SUMMITS / CONFERENCES COMMITTEES SCHEMES VISITS / TOURS FINANCE & ECONOMY CAPSULE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES SPACE RESEARCH DEFENCE NEWS 5-26 27-40 41-46 47-50 51-56 57-76 77-79 80-82 83-90 91-93 94 95-106 107-126 127-133 134-138 139-143
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY POLITICAL AFFAIRS INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS NATIONAL AFFAIRS BOOKS - AUTHORS IMPORTANT DAYS IMPORTANT YEARS ABBREVIATIONS
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A WARDS / P RIZES
Appleby Award
Vice-President Hamid Ansari will give away the prestigious Paul H. Appleby Award for distinguished service to public administration for 2010 to Jaipur-based academician and management expert Ramesh K. Arora at the Indian Institute of Public Administration's annual general meeting in New Delhi.
Honorary Doctorate
Bollywood actor Preity Zinta, known for her performances in films like Kal Ho Naa Ho and Veer Zaara, will be conferred a doctorate by a leading U.K. university. Zinta, who has the unique distinction of addressing the Oxford Union on Wednesday, will receive the doctorate from the University of East London. A versatile actor, Zinta has acted in over 30 films in Hindi, Telugu, Punjabi and English. The 35-year-old star made her acting debut with Mani Ratnams Dil Se in 1998 followed by a role in Soldier the same year. These performances earned her a Filmfare Best Female Debut Award, and she was later recognised for her role as a teenage single mother in Kya Kehna (2000). Her first International film role was in the Canadian film Heaven on Earth, for which she was awarded the Silver Hugo Award for Best Actress at the 2008 Chicago International Film Festival.
Peru
Leelavathi Award
Well-known physicist-turned author, journalist and television producer of Indian origin Simon Lehna Singh has been selected by the International Mathematical Union for the Leelavathi Award in recognition of his outstanding contribution to public outreach in mathematics. Named after the immortal mathematical treatise of the great Indian mathematician Bhaskaracharya, the award carries a cash prize of Rs.10 lakh and a citation. It will be presented at the closing ceremony of the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM), which will be held in Hyderabad from August 19 to 27. As of
Robert G. Edwards Medicine Richard F. Heck Chemistry Ei-ichi Negishi Akira Suzuki Peter A. Diamond Economics Dale T. Mortensen Christopher A. Pissarides
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now, the award is a one-time prize. Efforts are under way to make it a regular feature at the future sessions of the ICM. Dr. Singh was selected by a committee of five eminent mathematicians, led by M.S. Narasimhan of the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore.
have made significant contribution in the field of leadership in education and management.
Tagore award
Irom Sharmila who has been observing a fast-unto-death since November 4, 2000, demanding the repeal of the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act was given the Rabindranath Tagore Award2010 on September 11. The award, instituted by the Indian Institute of Planning and Management (IIPM), carries Rs.51 lakh in cash, a gold medal, a citation and a shawl. The IIPM conferred the award on 16 people at a function in Kolkata on August 30. As the bed-ridden Sharmila could not go there, IIPM chairman M.K. Choudhury, Registrar Ratna Choudhury and Dean Tarun Bose came to the J.N. Hospital here to hand over the award to Ms. Sharmila.
Bihari Puruskar
Poet Hemant Shesh has been given the award for his collection of poetry Jagah Jaisi Jagah. The award has been instituted by the K.K. Birla foundation and is given to only Rajasthani writers.
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(Bengali), Esther David (English), Dhirendra Mehta (Gujarati) and M. Borkanya (Manipuri). Uday Prakash (Hindi), Nanjil Nadan (Tamil) and Manoj (Dogri) have won the awards for their short story collections. Keshada Mahanta (Assamese), Rahamath Tarikere (Kannada), Basher Bashir (Kashmiri) and Ashok R. Kelkar (Marathi) won the awards for their books of criticism. The other winners are the former Union Minister M.P. Veerendra Kumar (Malayalam) for his travelogue, Pathani Pattnaik (Oriya) for his autobiography and playwright Bhogla Soren (Santhali). Sahitya Akademi secretary Agrahara Krishna Murthy said the awards for Telugu and Maithili would be announced in a few weeks. He said the books were selected on the basis of recommendations made by a three-member jury in the respective languages. The awards, which include a cash prize of Rs.1 lakh, will be presented to the winners on February 15 next year during the Festival of Letters in the capital. The festival will also include a seminar on the works of Rabindranath Tagore. Akademi is instituting the Yuva Sahitya Puraskar for debutant writers in Indian languages under the age of 35 from next year. Earlier this year, the Akademi had instituted the Bala Sahitya Puraskar for writers of children's literature.
outstanding contribution to Indian cinema. The award comprises of a Swarn Kamal, a cash prize of Rs one million and a shawl. The industry veteran, who entered the film world in 1963 with "Anuragam", is listed as the most prolific producer with 110 films by the Guinness Book of Records. He has the distinction of producing movies in Hindi, Bengali, Oriya, Assamese, Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada, Gujarati, Marathi and Bhojpuri. Some of his well-known films are Premanagar, Dildar and Bandish in Hindi, Srikrishna Tulabharam, Preminchu and Ramudu Bheemudu in Telugu and Asukh and Sudhu Ekbar Bolo in Bengali.
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Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi , Umesh Vasudeo Waghmare, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore and Kalobaran Maiti, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai (Physical Sciences). This year no award is being given in Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary Sciences and Mathematical Sciences.
Best Supporting Actor (Female): Divya Dutta for her performance in Delhi 6. Best Actor in Negative Role: Boman Irani for his role in 3 Idiots. Best performance in Comic Role: Sanjay Dutt for performance in All the Best. Best Music Director: Pritam for Love Aaj Kal. Best Singer (Male): Shaan, for Behti hawa sa tha woh (3 Idiots). Best Singer (Female): Kavita Seth for Iktara in Wake Up, Sid!. Best Lyrics: Swanand Kirkire for 3 Idiots. Best Debut (Female): Jacqueline Fernandez and Mahie Gill share the award for their role in Aladin and Dev D, respectively. Best Debut (Male): Omi Vaidya for his role of Chatur in 3 Idiots and ackky Bhagnani for Kal Kissne Dekha. Lifetime Achievement Award: Veteran filmmaker J. Om Prakash and yesteryear actress Zeenat Aman. Outstanding achievement by an Indian in International Cinema: Anil Kapoor. The awards ceremony was held in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
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Sharma, holding that the process used by the group for production of refined rice bran oil is economical and scientifically proven process. The patent for the process is registered with the Government of India in my name, adds Sharma.
ICC Test World XI: M.S. Dhoni (captain), Virender Sehwag, Simon Katich, Sachin Tendulkar, Hashim Amla, Kumar Sangakkara, Jacques Kallis, Graeme Swann, James Anderson, Dale Steyn and Doug Bollinger. ICC ODI World XI: Ricky Ponting (captain), Sachin Tendulkar, Shane Watson, Michael Hussey, A.B. de Villiers, Paul Collingwood, M.S. Dhoni (wicketkeeper), Daniel Vettori, Stuart Broad, Doug Bollinger and Ryan Harris. PMs Award for Excellence in Public Administration Gulshan Bamra has been given the award for his initiative to involve community in the Naxal-affected areas of Madhya Pradesh.
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Song Written for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media: Jai Ho, written by Gulzar, A. R. Rahman and Tanvi Shah, from Slumdog Millionaire. Record of the Year: Use Somebody, Kings of Leon. New Artist: Zac Brown Band. Song of the Year: Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It), written by Thaddis Harrell, Beyonc Knowles, Terius Nash and Christopher Stewart (Beyonce). Female Pop Vocal Performance: Halo, Beyonce. Male Pop Vocal Performance: Make it mine, Jason Mraz. Pop Performance, Duo Or Group: I Gotta Feeling, the Black Eyed Peas. Pop Collaboration: Lucky, Jason Mraz and Colbie Caillat. Pop Instrumental Performance: Throw Down Your Heart, Bla Fleck. Pop Instrumental Album: Potato Hole, Booker T. Jones. Pop Vocal Album: The E.N.D., the Black Eyed Peas. Solo Rock Vocal Performance: Working on a Dream, Bruce Springsteen. Hard Rock Performance: War Machine, AC/DC. Metal Performance: Dissident Aggressor, Judas Priest. Rock Song: Use Somebody, written by Caleb Followill, Jared Followill, Matthew Followill and Nathan Followill. Rock Album: 21st Century Breakdown, Green Day. Alternative Music Album: Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix, Phoenix. Female R&B Vocal Performance: Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It), Beyonce. Male R&B Vocal Performance: Pretty Wings, Maxwell. Female Country Vocal Performance: White Horse, Taylor Swift. Male Country Vocal Performance: Sweet Thing, Keith Urban. Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media: Up.
was selected for this honour for her poetic collection, Na Thsay Na Aks (Neither shadow nor reflection). She has become the first women poet from Kashmir to be honoured by the Akademi. This was the second collection of Naseems poetry after Derche Machrith (open windows) in 1999.
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Best Supporting Actor (Motion Picture): Christoph Waltz for Inglourious Basterds Best Supporting Actress (Motion Picture): Monique for Precious. Best Screenplay: Jason Reitman, Sheldon Turner for Up In The Air Best Original Score: Michael Giacchino for Up Best Original Song: The Weary Kind from Crazy Heart Best Foreign Language Film: The White Ribbon (Das Weisse Band - Eine Deutsche Kindergeschichte) from Germany Best Animated Film: Up
Best Music Direction: Ajay Atul for Jogwa (Marathi) Best Lyrics: Antaheen (Bengali) Best Male Playback Singer: Hariharan for Jogwa (Marathi) Best Female Playback Singer: Shreya Ghoshal for Antaheen (Bengali) Best Choreography: Chinni Prakash and Rekha Prakash for Jodha Akbar Best Audiography: Pramod J. Thomas for Gandha (Marathi) Best Editing: A. Sreekar Prasad for Firaaq (Hindi) Best Special Effects: Govardhan (Tata Elxsi) Mumbai Meri Jaan (Hindi) Special Jury Award/Special Mention (Feature Film): Bioscope
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P ERSONS
Nicole Faria
India's Nicole Faria has been crowned Miss Earth Talent 2010 after beating 17 other contestants at a talent competition in Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. Ms. Faria, a 20-year-old girl from Bangalore, won the title at the talent show with a scintillating belly dance that combines Oriental and Middle Eastern style. Vietnam's representative Luu Thi Diem Huong was voted among the top five contestants with her performance of folk dances that are inspired by traditional dances in the northern, central and southern region of the country.
round were from China, USA, Botswana, Venezuela and Ireland. First runner up was Miss Botswana Emma Wareus followed by Miss Venezuela Adriana Vasini. The 18-year-old Mills described herself as a positive, spontaneous, open minded and outgoing person on the official Miss World website. The Miss World contestants spent a month in China, travelling to both Beijing and Shanghai before reaching Sanya on the southern Chinese island of Hainan. It was the fifth time in eight years that the beauty contest was held on the popular holiday island. The final marked 60 years since the first Miss World competition was first held in 1951.
Title Holders
Year 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 Miss World Alexandria Mills Kaiane Aldorino Ksenia Sukhinova Zhang Zilin Tat(na Kuchar(ova Unnur Birna Vilhjalmsdottir Mara Julia Mantilla Country Location
Title Holders
Year 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 Country India Brazil Philippines Canada Chile Miss Earth Nicole Faria Larissa Ramos Karla Henry National title Location Nha Trang, Vietnam Boracay, Philippines Angeles City , Philippines Quezon City, Philippines Manila, Philippines Quezon City, Philippines Quezon City, Philippines Quezon City, Philippines Femina Miss India - Earth Beleza Brasil Miss Philippines Earth Miss Earth Canada Miss Earth Chile Miss Earth Venezuela Beleza Brasil Miss Earth Honduras
E RE S
A DI E M
UN M M CO
Peru Ireland Turkey Nigeria India
United States Sanya, China Gibraltar Johannesburg, SouthAfrica Russia Johannesburg, SouthAfrica China Sanya, China Czech Republic Warsaw, Poland Iceland Sanya, China Sanya, China Sanya, China London, United Kingdom Sun City, South Africa London, United Kingdom
Jimena Navarrete
Miss Mexico Jimena Navarrete, 22, was crowned Miss Universe 2010 beating off competition from 82 contestants. Navarrete, dressed in a red gown with a flowing train, impressed judges by highlighting the importance of teaching children about family values. She was followed by Miss Jamaica Yendi Philipps while Miss Australia Jenista Campbell was the second runner-up at the 59th annual pageant held in Las Vegas.
Dania Prince
Alexandria Mills
Miss United States of America Alexandria Mills was crowned Miss World 2010 in Chinas island province Hainan on October 30, beating more than 100 other contestants in the competition which
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Title Holders
Year 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 Country Mexico Venezuela Venezuela Japan Puerto Rico Canada Australia Dominican Republic Miss Universe Location
First woman:
Born and raised in the East Bay, Ms. Harris was elected as the first woman District Attorney in San Francisco's history in December 2003, and as the first African-American woman and South Asian American woman in California to hold the office. She was reelected for a second term in November 2007. Ms. Harris is the daughter of Dr. Shyamala Gopalan, a breast cancer specialist from Tamil Nadu who travelled to the United States from Chennai to pursue her graduate studies at UC Berkeley.
Ximena Navarrete Las Vegas, U.S. Stefania Fernandez Nassau, Bahamas Dayana Mendoza Nha Trang, Vietnam Riyo Mori Mexico City, Mexico Zuleyka Rivera Los Angeles, U.S. Natalie Glebova Bangkok, Thailand Jennifer Hawkins Quito, Ecuador Amelia Vega Panama City, Panama
NS O TI
Hu Jintao
Chinese President Hu Jintao has been named the most powerful person in the world by Forbes, ahead of U.S. President Barack Obama who is ranked second among 68 people who matter, a list that also includes Congress President Sonia Gandhi and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. Ms. Gandhi ranks 9th on the Forbes 2010 list of the Worlds Most Powerful People. Dr. Manmohan Singh comes in at number 18. Indias business tycoons Reliance Industries Chairman Mukesh Ambani, Tata Sons Chairman Ratan Tata and head of ArcelorMittal, Lakshmi Mittal also make the list. Of the 6.8 billion people on the planet, Forbes list comprises the 68 who matter. Jintao, occupies the top slot for being the paramount political leader of more people than anyone else on the planet and one who exercises near dictatorial control over 1.3 billion people, one-fifth of worlds population.
Kamala Harris
Indian-American Kamala Harris won the election for AttorneyGeneral of California. Ms. Harris will be the first woman to hold the office. Daughter of an Indian mother and African-American father, Ms. Harris is the District Attorney for San Francisco. She will replace Democrat Jerry Brown who won the election for Governor of California on November 02. Ms. Harris, who was the only Indian-American candidate publicly endorsed by President Barack Obama, defeated Steve Cooley of the Republican Party in a tough fight.
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Nikki Haley
Having gone from state legislature to Governor of South Carolina in a span of just six years, Nikki Randhawa Haley is being hailed as a rising star on the American political horizon. Daughter of Punjabi Sikh immigrants from Amritsar, Nimrata Nikki Randhawa Haley has become the first Indian-origin woman, and second IndianAmerican after Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal, to become the Governor of a U.S. state. Another Indian-American Kamala Harris won the election for Attorney-General of California. Five other IndianAmericans, all Democrats, bit the dust in the face of an antiestablishment vote.
subversion of State power, a year after being arrested as lead author of Charter 08, a manifesto issued by Chinese intellectuals and activists, calling for free speech and multi-party elections. Liu, a former literature professor, had risen to prominence as a strike leader during the protests at Tiananmen Square in 1989. He was later jailed for 20 months and then spent three years in a labour reeducation camp during the 1990s, as well as months under virtual house arrest.
Ed Miliband
Ed Miliband has won the Labour leadership in England after narrowly beating Brother David in a dramatic run-off vote ahead of the party's conference. Ed won by just over 1% from former foreign secretary David after second, third and fourth preference votes came into play. Mr Miliband, replaces acting leader Harriet Harman in the contest triggered by the resignation of Gordon Brown. The former energy secretary appears to have benefited from a last-minute surge of support.
Nitish Kumar
Nitish Kumar led NDA alliance has won 206 seats to form the government in Bihar. Nithish's triumph in 2010 Assembly polls was the biggest victory for any political leader in the state. Out of 243 Assembly seats, Janata Dal (United) has bagged 115 seats and its ally Bharatiya Janatha Party (BJP) has won 91 seats. Party JDU BJP RJD LJP CONG OTHERS
RE S
2005 88 55 54 10 9 27
Bihar Assembly Polls 2010 GAIN/LOSS 115 +27 91 +36 22 -32 3 -7 4 -5 8 -19
Liu Xiaobo
Jailed Chinese pro-democracy activist Liu Xiaobo has won the Nobel Peace Prize, 2010, for decades of non-violent struggle for human rights. Liu was jailed for 11 years in December 2009, for
Dilip Donde
On May 22, 2010, Commander Dilip Donde of the Indian Navy became the first Indian ever to circumnavigate the globe solo on a sail-boat when he steered into the Mumbai harbour after his arduous effort spanning a little over nine months. Commander Dilip
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Donde, who started the voyage on August 19 2009 on INSV Mhadei, touched base back in India at the Sunk Rock Light House in Mumbai. His boat was ceremonially escorted by a fast attack craft of the Indian Navy, along with speedboats and two tugs operating their water cannons. Vice-President Hamid Ansari, along with Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma and Dondes family members, who were on board INS Delhi, anchored at the finish line, witnessed the historic moment and gave him a rousing reception. The 56-foot-long Mhadei, with 23-tonne displacement, is the first fibre glass yacht constructed entirely in India and boasts of state-of-the-art navigation and communication equipment. The 276day voyage was part of the Navy's daunting Sagar Parikrama project, which aims to revive the old tradition of sea faring. The world record for the fastest solo circumnavigation was set in January 2008 by Frenchman Francis Joyon, at 67 days, 13 hours, 34 minutes and 6 seconds.
Wellington-based Defence Services Staff College as well as the Rangers Course at Fort Benning, USA and the US Army War College, Carlisle. He was commissioned into 2 Rajput Regiment in June 1970 and commanded the same unit when it was positioned along the Line of Control with Pakistan. Experienced in counter insurgency operations, Line of Control and high altitude operations, Gen Singh was awarded the Yudh Sena Medal for his distinguished service during 'Operation Pawan' against the LTTE in Sri Lanka.
C.K. Prahalad
Dr C.K. Prahalad, a globally known influential management thinker, died on April 19, 2010. He shook the corporate world in the US and elsewhere during the past two decades with his offbeat but radical strategies for managing corporations. The most notable among them was his The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid through which he urged MNCs to evolve a business model that would cater to the huge market of worlds four billion poor. He firmly believed that such an approach would help eradicate the scourge of poverty. He stole the limelight with his best seller book The Future of Competition. He stressed that it would not be worthwhile for the companies to foray into unrelated diversifications. The book is widely acknowledged as one of the world's most significant forces in corporate thinking. He was a member of the Blue Ribbon Commission of the United Nations on private sector and development. He was also the first recipient of the Lal Bahadur Shastri Award for contributions to management and public administration, presented by the President of India in 2000.
Mukesh Ambani
Reliance Industries' Chairman and Managing Director Mukesh Ambani has been elected Member to the Board of World Economic Forum. Others elected to the Board are: Alcatel-Lucent's CEO Ben J. Verwaayen and Special Adviser, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and a former Deputy Governor, People's Bank of China, Zhu Min. Mukesh Ambani will bring an extraordinary level of business acumen and his commitment to the ideals of the Forum. He has played a key role, especially related to the integration of India into all our activities.
V.K. Murthy
V. K. Murthy is the first cinematographer, and second Kannadiga after Kannada movie icon Dr Raj Kumar, to get the Dada Saheb Phalke award for his contribution to the film industry. He is known for his work in most Guru Dutt films like Sahib Biwi Aur Ghulam, Kaagaz Ke Phool and Pyaasa. Besides Guru Dutt, Murthy also worked with Pramod Chakravarthy (Naya Zamana, Jugnu),
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Kamal Amrohi (Pakeezah) and Shyam Benegal (Bharat Ke Khoj, a television series). He also shot Indias first cinema-scope movies, Kagaz ke Phool and is also one of the pioneers of colour cinematography.
was actively involved in the freedom struggle and the Goa liberation movement. Though he also wrote in Marathi and Hindi, his contributions to the growth of Konkani were immense. Always at the forefront of the Konkani movement, he struggled to seek recognition for the Konkani language.
Mukesh Ambani
RIL Chairman Mukesh Ambani has topped Forbes magazine's list of the 100 richest Indians for the third year in-a-row, pipping billionaires like L N Mittal and Azim Premji with a net worth of USD 27 billion.
O. P. Bhatt
State Bank of India Chairman O. P. Bhatt has been elected the new Chairman of the Indian Banks' Association (IBA) for 201011. Mr. Bhatt will take charge from M. V. Nair, Chairman and Managing Director of Union Bank. HDFC Bank Managing Director Aditya Puri, Bank of Baroda Chairman and Managing Director M. D. Mallya and Canara Bank Chairman and Managing Director A. C. Mahajan were elected deputy chairmen. Yes Bank Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer Rana Kapoor has been elected Honorary Secretary of the association.
Samy Vellu
Samy Vellu until recently president of the Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC), will be Malaysia's Special Envoy to India and South Asia for Infrastructure with effect from New Year's Day 2011.
Vinod Sharma
Vinod Sharma, political editor of Hindustan Times, is slated to be appointed member of the National Commission for Minorities. He will be a representative of the majority community. He will succeed veteran journalist Dileep Padgaonkar.
Sachin
Milestones have become so routine in Sachin Tendulkars career that it hardly came as a surprise when he touched another one by becoming the first batsman in crickets history to notch up an astonishing 50 Test hundreds. The 37-year-old right-hander, who has spent a remarkable over 20 years in international cricket, has perhaps every batting record that is there to be taken under his belt and adding to the countless tally is the historic hundred that he struck against South Africa in the opening Test at Centurion, on December 19, 2010. Much before his debut on November 15, 1989, Tendulkars precocious talent was there to be seen when he shared an unbeaten 664-run stand with buddy Vinod Kambli in the Lord Harris Shield inter-school game in 1988. Tendulkar is also the only batsman in the world who has scored a double ton in ODIs, a feat he achieved in Gwalior against South Africa in February. This feat was included in Time magazines top 10 sports moments of the year.
Brahma
Brahma assumes charge as Election Commissioner. Sixtyyear-old Harishankar Brahma, a retired IAS officer of 1975 batch from the Andhra Pradesh cadre, assumed charge as Election Commissioner at Nirvachan Sadan. Mr. Brahma, who retired as the Union Power Secretary in April this year, will hold office till April 18, 2015. He is the second person from the North-East to become an Election Commissioner, after J.M. Lyngdoh.
Ravindra Kelekar
Konkani litterateur and Jnanpith Award winner Ravindra R. Kelekar, 85, died. Ravindra Kelekar was born on March 25, 1925 at Cuncolim in south Goa. Influenced by the Gandhian thoughts, he
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Sharad Pawar
Sharad Pawar assumed office as President of the International Cricket Council (ICC) at its annual conference in Singapore. The Union Agriculture Minister and former President of the Board of Control for Cricket in India succeeded David Morgan after serving as the ICC Vice- President since 2008. Mr. Pawar is only the second Indian, after Jagmohan Dalmiya, to have become the highest executive of the world cricket body. Soon after taking over as the seventh President of the ICC for a two-year term.
tucked under his left arm. Sachin appears on the January 2011 page of the calendar with an air superiority fighter Su-30MKI in the background. Sachin is the only person appearing in the calendar, which otherwise carries the pictures of various fighter planes and transport aircraft of the IAF. On September 3, the IAF conferred the honorary rank of Group Captain on Sachin for his cricketing achievements and contribution to the nation. Sachin is the first sportsperson to be conferred a rank by IAF and the first personality with no aviation background to receive the honour.
Prasoon Joshi
Ad-man and lyricist, he has been named as the Chairman of McCann Worldgroup Creative Leadership Council. This is the first time in McCanns history that an Asian has been appointed to the top global creative position.
Kapil Dev
Legendary all-rounder Kapil Dev, who led India to their only ODI World Cup triumph in 1983, has been inducted into the International Cricket Councils Hall of Fame. A commemorative cap was presented to Kapil by ICC President David Morgan, in front of fellow Hall of Famer Clive Lloyd, as well as an audience of ICC officials and other invited guests at the governing bodys headquarters in Dubai. The Hall of Fame, run in association with the Federation of International Cricketers' Associations (FICA), recognises some of the legends of the game.
Prasun Chatterjee
An Indian environmental engineering student whose research has contributed to a new way of detecting toxic lead and copper in water, has won one of the highest US research honours. Chatterjee, a research student at the University of Lehigh, Pennsylvania, received the 2010 C. Ellen Gonter Environmental Chemistry Award from the American Chemical Society's (ACS) Environmental Chemistry Division.
UK Sinha
UK Sinha appointed as the new Chairman of Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Sinha will replace CB Bhave on Feb. 17, 2011. Sinha is now the Chairman and Managing Director of UTI Asset Management Company.
Yesuratnam
Magistrate, A Yesuratnam of Venkatagiri Court in Sree Potti Sreeramulu Nellore District declared judgements in 300 different cases. This is the first time that number of judgements is announced in one single day in the history of Indian judiciary.
He Pingping
He Pingping of China, at 2 feet 5 inches is the worlds shortest man and Sultan Kosen of Turkey, at 8 feet 1 inches is the tallest man.
Sachin Tendulkar
Sachin Tendulkar can now be seen in IAF fatigues along with the Sukhoi fighter aircraft in the forces 2011 calendar. The cricket icon, who was recently conferred the honorary rank of Group Captain, features in the calendar wearing a green flying suit with helmet
Rahat Taslim
Rahat Taslim from Giridih, Jharkhand has become the first contestant to win the prize money of Rs.1 crore in the fourth season of game show Kaun Banega Crorepati.
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John Wakefield
John Wakefield, fondly known as Papa,'the torchbearer of Karnataka's first eco-tourism project the Kabini River Lodge on the banks of the Kabini at Karapur in Mysore district, passed away.
Mazlan Othman
Malaysian astrophysicist, she has been appointed as the head of the UNs little-known Office for the Outer Space Affairs (UUNOOSA). She is officially the worlds first contact for any aliens that may come visiting.
Chinthakindi Mallesham
Chinthakindi Mallesham of Sharajipet in Nalgonda Dist selected by the Forbes Magazine as one of the 'seven most powerful rural enterpreneurs'. Mallesham who dropped the school in eighth class invented Laxmi Asu Machine to ease the work of handloom weavers.
A. Divya
A. Divya is the first woman cadet in the history of the Officers Training Academy, one of Indias premier defence training institutes, to be decorated with its highest award, the Sword of Honour.
A.K. Antony
A.K. Antony became the first Defence Minister to land on the Advanced Landing Ground (ALG) of Nyoma in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir.The ALG, activated in September,2009 for fixedwing aircraft, is 23 km from the Line of Actual Control and close to the Sino-Indian border.
Sudarsan Pattnaik
Orissa-based renowned sand artict, he has won the peoples choice award at the 8th International Sand Sculpture Festival in Berlin, for his creation on global warming.
Arjun Bajpayee
16-year-old resident of Uttar Pradesh's Noida city, he has become the youngest Indian to climb the Mount Everest. He broke the record of Krushnaa Patil,18, from Maharashtra who became the youngest Indian to reach the highest peak in 2009.
Shabana Mahmood
Shabana Mahmood, the Labour candidate for Birmingham Ladywood, in central England, and Yasmin Qureshi, Labour candidate for Bolton South East, in the north-west, became Britain's first women Muslim MPs.
Atul Khare
U.N. Secretary-general Ban Ki-moon has appointed Atul Khare of India as Assistant Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations.
Sanjiv Mehta
Sanjiv Mehta is the new owner of East India Company, the worlds first multinational whose forces once ruled much of the globe, including India.
Sanath Jayasuriya
Sri Lankan cricketer Sanath Jayasuriya made his debut as a lawmaker, with a runaway victory from a parliamentary constituency in Matara district in the south. Jayasuriya won on the ticket of the ruling United People's Freedom Party alliance of the President Mahinda Rajapaksa.
Vim Kochhar
For the first time, an India-born businessman Vim Kochhar has been nominated to the Canadian Senate by Prime Minister Stephen Harper.
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A PPOINTMENTS
post independence era. An erudite man with a keen interest in Economics, Public Finance, Theoretical Physics and Hindu and Buddhist philosophies, he would remain at the helm of the judiciary till September 29, 2012. He started his career as a class IV employee and possesses integrity as the only asset. Justice Kapadia was part of the Constitution bench that in January 2007 declared that laws placed under the protective umbrella of the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution were open to judicial review.
Narsingha Mishra
The Central Government announced the appointment of Narsingha Mishra as another part time member to the 19th Law Commission. He was a senior Advocate in the Orissa High Court. Now the Law Commission has two full-time members and seven part-time members. P Venkatarama Reddy is the Chairman of 19th Law Commission.
Jhumpa Lahiri
Indian - American Pulitzer Prize - winning author Jhumpa Lahiri has been appointed as a member of U.S. President Barak Obama's Committee on the Arts and Humanities, along with five others.
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National Commission for Backward Classes. Justice Rao (74), who hails from Nellore in Andhra Pradesh, was appointed permanent judge of the Andhra Pradesh High Court in July 1986 and he served as Chief Justice of the Himachal Pradesh High Court from November 1997 to April 1998. After his retirement, he has been practising in the Supreme Court. As a panel lawyer for many State governments, he handled several sensitive issues.
Nehchal Sandhu
Bihar-cadre IPS officer of 1973 batch Nehchal Sandhu appointed as Chief of Intelligence Bureau from January 1, 2011. Nehchal Sandhu will succeed Rajiv Mathur of 1972 batch.
R. K. Medhekar
Senior IPS officer R. K. Medhekar will be the new Director General of elite commando force National Security Guard. Medhekar, a 1975 batch officer of Kerala cadre, currently serving as Special Director General of Border Security Force.
Satyanand Mishra
Satyanand Mishra appointed as Chief Information Commissioner to succeed AN Tiwari. The high-level committee headed by Manmohan Singh including Sushma Swaraj and Veerappa Moily decided in favour of Satyanand Mishar.
S. Ramakrishnan
S. Ramakrishnan, Director (Projects), Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, has been appointed Director of Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
P.J. Thomas
P.J. Thomas, former Telecom Secretary, was sworn in as 14th Central Vigilance Commissioner by the President of India.
S.Y. Quraishi
S.Y. Quraishi has been appointed as the 17th Chief Election Commissioner of India. He is the first Muslim to hold the post. Dr. Quraishi earlier held the position of Election Commissioner. In the management of elections, Dr. Quraishi has brought a special focus on peoples participation, voters education and youth involvement in the electoral process through scientific research and interventions. He has been an ardent proponent for lending strength to the grassroots level election functionaries. Born on 11 June 1947, Dr Quraishi completed his Masters degrees from St. Stephens College in Delhi before joining the Indian Administrative Service in 1971. He received a Ph.D for his thesis on Role of Communication and Social Marketing in Development of Women and Children. Dr Quraishi is known for his special contributions in social sector reforms covering health, education, population, drug abuse, and civil society action. He also has a number of books, articles and talks to his credit on issues related to democracy, elections, HIV AIDS and Family Planning, social marketing, women and child development and Youth. His book Social Marketing for Social Change has broken new ground in the field of Development Communication.
P. Venkatarama Reddy
The Centre has appointed Justice P. Venkatarama Reddy, a retired judge of the Supreme Court as chairperson of the 19th Law Commission, which will have tenure up to August 31, 2012.
Dilma Rousseff
Dilma Rousseff has been elected as the first female President of Brazil. 62-year-old economist, Rousseff is a former Marxist guerrilla who was jailed and tortured for three years in early 1970 for fighting against dictatorship in Brazil.
K. Vijay Kumar
K. Vijay Kumar has been appointed as the Director General of Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF).
Ansar Parvez
Ansar Parvez has been name head of IAEA, the UN nuclear watchdog. Head of Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, Ansar Parvez, will remain Chairman for the next 12 months, taking over from Malaysia.
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Naoto Kan
Naoto Kan has been elected as the Prime Minister of Japan. He has become the fifth Prime Minister of Japan in three years, taking the helm as the country struggles to rein in a huge public debt, engineer growth in an aging society, and manage ties with security ally USA and a rising China.
Sonia Gandhi
UPA chairperson and Congress President, she has been appointed as the head of National Advisory Council (NAC), four years after quitting the post over an office-of-profit controversy. She will hold the rank and status of a Cabinet Minister.
Julia Gillard
Julia Gillard scripted history when she was elected as the first woman Prime Minister of Australia. She succeeded Kevin Rudd, who stepped down following revolt against him within the Labour party. The rebellion had been spearheaded by Ms Gillard, opposing his policies on health, education and climate change.
Salil Shetty
Salil Shetty has been appointed as the Secretary-General of Amnesty International. He is the first Indian to be appointed to the job and will succeed Irene Khan in June 2010.
Michelle Bachelet
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon announced the appointment of former Chilean President Michelle Bachelet to head a new U.N. body that will seek to improve the lives of women and girls around the world. The body will be known officially as the U.N. Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women, but officials say it will be referred to as U.N. Women.
Roza Otunbayeva
Roza Otunbayeva has been elected as the first woman President of Kyrgystan. She claimed victory in a referendum in Kyrgyzstan, making her the interim President till 2011, a vote held to decide the legitimacy of her rule after President Kurmanbek Bakiyev regime was ousted in April 2010.
Nitin Noharia
An Indian-American he has taken over as the Dean of Harvard Business School. He is the first person of Indian origin to occupy the prestigious and high profile post.
Julia Gillard
Julia Gillard was sworn in as Australia's first woman Prime Minister after Kevin Rudd was toppled as the leader of the ruling Labour party.
Kamla Persad
A 58-year-old woman of Indian origin, she has been elected as the first woman Prime Minister of Trinidad & Tobago. Her party, Peoples Partnership, won 29 of the 41 parliamentary seats to end the 43-yeaqr-old rule of the ruling party.
Sam Pitroda
Prime Minister has approved the setting up of a National Innovation Council to prepare a road map for the Decade of Innovation 2010-2020. The National Innovation Council would be headed by Sam Pitroda, Adviser to the Prime Minister on Public Information Infrastructure and Innovations. The Council has been given the mandate to evolve an Indian model of innovation focusing on inclusive growth and creating an appropriate eco system conducive to fostedng inclusive innovation. It will delineate appropriate policy initiatives within the government required to spur innovation. It will also promote the setting up of Sectoral Innovation Councils and State Innovation Councils.
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EATHS D EATHS
K.M. Mathew
K.M. Mathew, Chief Editor of the mass-circulation Malayalam newspaper Malayala Manorama, passed away at his residence. He was 93. He had age-related ailments, but was active and at work till a few months ago. Born on January 2, 1917, Mr. Mathew started off as a rubber planter in Chickmagalur in Karnataka. He later went to Bombay to look after another line of the family business. He joined the family-owned Malayala Manorama in 1954 as its General Manager and Managing Editor. Mr. Mathew became the Chief Editor of the newspaper, founded in 1888, in 1973. Mr. Mathew was honoured with the Padma Bhushan in 1998.
Eugenie Blanchard
World's oldest person, named Eugenie Blanchard of French West Indies died at the age of 114.
Jyoti Basu
The CPM patriarch and former Chief Minister of West Bengal, he died on January 17, 2010 at the age of 95. The colossus of Indian politics left behind a void that will be hard to fill, not only in the Left but also national politics. He was born on July 8, 1914 in Kolkata. In 1935 he graduated from the Presidency College of Kolkata with honours in English. Then he went to London to study law and it was here that he was influenced by Communism. In 1940 he joined the then undivided Communist Party of India. He was one of the foundermembers of CPM in 1964. In 1977 he became the Chief Minister of West Bengal and continued to hold the office for 23 straight years, making him the longest-serving Chief Minister in India. He quit as Chief Minister in November 2000. His major achievements as Chief Minister of West Bengal were rural land reforms and entrenching of the Panchayati Raj institutions. Jyoti Basu played a major role in formation of coalition governments at the Centre in 1989, 1996, 1997 and 2004. In 1996, he narrowly missed out on becoming Prime Minister of India after his partys veto.
Homi Sethna
Indian nuclear scientist Homi Sethna has died at the age 86. During his career Sethna held several posts including director of the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre and chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission. During his time with the AEC Sethna presided over India's nuclear experiment at Pokhran in 1974.
M Rajasekhara Murthy
Senior JD(S) leader and Rajya Sabha member M Rajasekhara Murthy died at the age of 88 due to cardiac arrest. Rajasekhara Murthy was a freedom fighter. He was first elected to Rajya Sabha in 1994 and elected to Rajya Sabha recently from Bangalore in 2006.
K.N.Raj
K.N.Raj, widely respected development economist, who was the economic adviser to Prime Ministers from Jawaharlal Nehru to P.V.Narasimha Rao and one of the architects of the Indian plan edifice, passed away. He was 85.
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Cherukuri Lenin
The former international Archer, Cherukuri Lenin died in a road accident. Two of the Archers he had coached won silver medals at the recently concluded Common Wealth Games in New Delhi.
Nanaji Deshmukh
One of the founder members of Bhartiya Jan Sangh, social worker and former member of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sbha. He was 93.
Nirmal Pandey
Hindi films actor. He was 46. A graduate rom National School of Drama, he is best known for his roles in Bandit Queen, Iss raat kee subha nahin and Pyar Kiya to darna kya.
G.P Birla .
Eminent industrialist G.P. Birla passed away. Son of B.M. Birla, who had helped to set up units such as Orient Paper and Industries, Hyderabad Industries and Nigeria Engineering Works. He was also involved in setting up the Birla Institute of Technology in Ranchi, Birla Science and Technological Museum and Birla Archaeological and Cultural Research Institute.
Tahir Hussain
Well-known Hindi film-maker and father of film star Amir Khan. He is known for producing hits like Hum hain rahi pyar ke, Zakhmee, Anamika and Caravan.
Erich Segal
Author of the tear-jerking novel Love Story and screenwriter of the Oscar-winning film version. He was 72.
Arjun Sengupta
Eminent economist and Rajya Sabha MP. He leaves behind a policy footprint that changed the way poverty alleviation programmes are discussed in India.
David Warren
A pioneering Australian scientist who invented the black box after investigating the worlds first jet airliner crash in 1953. He was 85. The challenges of determining the causes of an air crash led him to the idea of a recording device that could withstand a crash where there were no survivors and no witnesses.
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P LACES
Haiti
The capital of this tiny island nation, Port-au-Prince, was hit by an earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter scale on January 13, 2010. More than three lakh people perished in the tragedy. The earthquake caused major damage to Port-au-Prince, Jacmel and other settlements in the region. Many notable landmark buildings were significantly damaged or destroyed, including the Presidential Palace, the National Assembly building, the Port-au-Prince Cathedral, and the main jail. Among those killed were Archbishop of Port-au-Prince Joseph Serge Miot, and opposition leader Micha Gaillard. The headquarters of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), located in the capital, collapsed, killing many, including the Missions Chief, Hdi Annabi.
Chernobyl
Chernobyl now open to tourists. Ukraine announces official tours of the 1986 nuclear disaster site. Visitors would be offered tours inside the 50km exclusion zone set up after reactor four at the plant exploded on April 26, 1986, showering northern Europe in radioactive fallout.
Ocucaje Desert
Buried in Peru's Ocucaje Desert, fossils draw smugglers. Discoveries there include gigantic fossilised teeth from the legendary 50-foot shark called the megalodon, the bones of a huge penguin with surprisingly colourful feathers and the fossils of the Leviathan Melvillei, a whale with teeth longer than those of the Tyrannosaurus rex, making it a contender for the largest predator ever to prowl the oceans.
New Delhi
The Society of Indian Law Firms (SILF) organised the first ever Sports Law Conference in New Delhi, on July 24-25, 2010, to deliberate on various issues related to sports and law in India. Among other things, the conference discussed the Right to Information (RTI) and accountability of sports federations, and legalities involved in staging major sports events like the Olympics, Asian Games, Commonwealth Games.
St Petersburg
On November 21, 2010, Russia called for global efforts to avert extinction of tigers as wildlife activists and officials from 13 countries, including India, gathered at a summit in St Petersburg to discuss ways to double the population of the endangered animal from the existing 3,200. Due to decades of poaching and habitat destruction, there are currently only 3,200 tigers living in the wild, according to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), as against 1 lakh a century ago.
Bengaluru
The Electronic Warfare India Conference (EWIC) was held in Bengaluru. This was the first international conference on electronic warfare to take place in India.
Jaipur
UNESCO has granted the World Heritage status to Jantar Mantar in Jaipur which is a celebrated astronomical observatory built in 18th century. This is Indias 28th and Rajasthans second site (after Keoladev National Park) to be given the World Heritage status.
Davos
Over 2500 global leaders in business and politics gathered in Davos, Switzeraland, for the World Economic Forum. Davos is located on the Landwasser River, in the Swiss Alps, between the Plessur and Albula Range. At 1,560 meters, it is the highest city in Europe.
Tiruchi
V.K. Saraswat, Chairman of Combustion Institute Indian Section (CIIS)and Scientific Adviser to Defence Minister, said that
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ultra super critical thermal technology developed by the BHEL and the NTPC would be used for the first time in the 500-MW Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle power plant coming up at Tiruchi.
Kasaragod
The Kerala government had adopted a slew of measures to help the victims of Endosulfan by banning the use of such pesticides in Cashew Plantation in Kasaragod and efforts are on to promote organic farming.
motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually nutrient-depleted surface water) was reported in the Malabar coast extending from Kozhikode to Mangalore, making the stretch abundant in fish and prawn varieties. The whales could have come in search of food. A few dolphins were also spotted during the period.
Haryana
Narnaul, a non-descript village located in the backwaters of Haryana has got Indias first aero sports centre, which was inaugurated by Chief Minister Bhupinder Singh Hooda, at the local airstrip on January 31, 2010. The centre, named after the late Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, has been set up by the Department of Civil Aviation, Haryana, in collaboration with the Aero Club of India.
Charminar
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to take up repair of Charminar. Three months after it fell, the chunk of lime stucco work on Charminar is in for repair. Charminar meaning "Mosque of the Four Minarets" and "Four Towers" is the most famous mosque and monument in the city of Hyderabad. Sultan Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah , the 5th ruler of the Qutb Shahi dynasty built Charminar in 1591 shortly after he had shifted his capital from Golkonda to what is now known as Hyderabad.
Tembhali
This remote village in tribal-dominated Nandurbar district of Maharashtra is the first place in India whose residents have been issues the Unique Identification Number (UID) or Aadhaar.
Narnaul
Narnaul, a non-descript village located in the backwaters of Haryana has got Indias first aero sports centre, which was inaugurated by Chief Minister Bhupinder Singh Hooda, at the local airstrip on January 31, 2010. The centre, named after the late Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, has been set up by the Department of Civil Aviation, Haryana, in collaboration with the Aero Club of India.
Burj Khalifa
On January 4, 2010, blazing fireworks and dazzling lights marked the opening of the world's tallest tower, Burj Khalifa, formerly known as Burj Dubai. The $1.5 billion, 818 metres (2,684 feet) high structure is an unprecedented engineering marvel. Burj Khalifa has been designed to be the centrepiece of a large-scale, mixeduse development that will include 30,000 homes, nine hotels, 7.4 acres of parkland, at least 19 residential towers, the Dubai Mall, and the 30-acre man-made Burj Khalifa Lake. With more than 160 stories, Burj Khalifa holds the following records: Tallest building in the world Tallest free-standing structure in the world Highest number of stories in the world Highest occupied floor in the world Highest outdoor observation deck in the world Elevator with the longest travel distance in the world Tallest service elevator in the world Not only is Burj Khalifa the worlds tallest building, it has also
Mangalore coast
Two blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus), the largest mammals on Earth, were recently spotted off the Mangalore coast during a marine survey carried out by the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kochi. he blue whales belong to the Rorquals family, which includes the humpback, fin and minke whales. Their skin is greyish blue with light grey mottling on the back. They can grow up to 33 metres in length and weigh up to 200 tonnes. Blue whales are long-distance migrants known to undertake long journeys in search of food and mating grounds. Recently, upwelling (an oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven
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broken two other impressive records: tallest structure, previously held by the KVLY-TV mast in Blanchard, North Dakota, and tallest free-standing structure, previously held by Torontos CN Tower. The Chicago-based Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) has established three criteria to determine what makes a tall building tall. Burj Khalifa wins by far in all three categories. The building has returned the location of Earth's tallest freestanding structure to the Middle East where the Great Pyramid of Giza claimed this achievement for almost four millennia before being surpassed in 1311 by Lincoln Cathedral in England.
decker train has been introduced between Howrah (West Bengal) and Dhanbad (Jharkhand).
Seethampeta
Seethampeta, located in the north - western part of Srikakulam district in Andhra Pradesh and home to the Konda Savaras has now become part of the Food and Agricultural Organisation's (FAO) Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS). GIAHS has begun identifying and then documenting unique agricultural systems across the world to create 'agricultural heritage'.
Vancouver
Vancouver, Canada has been named as the worlds most liveable city. Delhi and Mumbai are placed at 113th and 117th, respectively, in the survey conducted by Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU). Among the top ten are four Australian cities Sydney, Melbourne, Perth and Adelaide. Zimbabwes Harare is lowest ranked.
Palakkad
Palakkad district in kerala is the first fully electrified district in the country.
South Africa
South Africa will host the Champions League Twenty20 cricket tournament in September 2010. In 2009 India had hosted the tournament. The tournament will feature 12 teams, including three from 2010 IPL.
Peace Airport
China is building a new airport near Mount Everest, to be called Peace Airport in Xigaze prefecture in Tibet.
Chennai
International Conference on Biodiversity in relation to food and human security was held in Chennai.
Jalandhar
The Rail Coach Factory (RCF) at Jalandhar has developed Indias first air-conditioned, double-decker prototype coach. The Railways has decided to introduce these coaches on the yuva trains.
Sivaganga
Moser Baer Clean Energy, a subsidiary of Moser Baer Projects, has commissioned a 5 MW solar farm at Sivaganga in Tamil Nadu. It is Indias largest solar farm. The technical expertise was provided by the EPC (engineering procurement commissioning) arm of Moser Baer Solar. International Finance Corporation and the IDBI bank have provided debt for the project. The solar farm has been commissioned using amorphous silicon thin film technology which is best suited for the Indian climatic conditions and is connected to the 110 kVA local grid. The project was awarded by the Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) and is being implemented under the generation- based incentive scheme of the Union Ministry of New & Renewable Energy.
Khedar
The first 600 MW unit of the prestigious Rajiv Gandhi Thermal Power project at Khedar, near Hisar, Haryana became operational on February 10, 2010. The coal handling capacity of the plant, at 2,400 tonnes per hour, is the highest in India.
Kapurthala
The Rail Coach factory, Kapurthala, has rolled out Indias first AC double-decker rake from its premises. The first AC double-
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Indias performance:
Indian competitors came out with flying colours. A record medal haul of 38 gold, 27 silver and 36 bronze medals, the bestever harvest for the country in the Games history, helped India climb to the record-high second position and end the multi-discipline event on a thumping note. The main haul of these 101 medals came from the shooting range, wrestling mat, boxing ring, archery range and, to everyone's surprise, the track and field events. Rifle-shooting ace Gagan Narang scooped up four gold medals, but could not achieve the feat of overhauling five-gold hero of the 2006 Melbourne GamesSamresh Jung. Teenage woman archer Deepika Kumari, daughter of an auto-rickshaw driver, who held her nerves even as the more seasoned Dola Banerjee wilted, to come up with a golden double in the women's recurve event. The track and field events witnessed India's first gold medal in 52 years when Krishna Poonia led a clean sweep of the women's discus throw, Harwant Kaur and Seema Antil won the silver and bronze. The women's 4x400m relay squad struck an unexpected gold with a superb display that pushed Nigeria and England to second and third places. The women shuttlers, led by Saina Nehwal, brought two gold medals to bring down the curtains on the country's competitive show with a bang. Those two gold medals in badminton were vital to help India push England to the third place by the skin of their teeth. Saina Nehwal created history by becoming the first Indian woman to win the singles gold in badminton at the Commonwealth Games. Legendary Prakash Padukone (1978) and the late Syed Modi (1982) were the two men players to win the singles gold in the Games. Jwala Gutta and Ashiwni Ponnappa scripted history by becoming the first Indian pair to win the gold at Commonwealth Games. The men's hockey team, whose fortunes are followed closely by the sports fans of the country, made history by making it to the final for the first time before coming a cropper against world and defending champions Australia in the summit clash. The 8-0 defeat was huge and one of the biggest suffered by the country. Wrestling contingent also did very well, winning 19 medals in the 21 designated event. Among the 19 medals, there were 10
Mascot
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A DI E M
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Silver 55 27 59 17 11 11 10 11 10 10
Bronze 48 36 46 32 10 9 13 9 14 7
The official mascot for the 2010 Commonwealth Games was Shera, an anthropomorphised tiger.
Official song
The official song of the 2010 Commonwealth Games was Jiyo Utho Bado Jeeto. It was composed and performed by the A. R. Rahman. The song's title was based on the slogan of the games, "Come out and play". The song was penned by Mehboob in Hindi with a sprinkling of English words.
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gold, five silver and four bronze medals. Sushil Kumar literally walked his way to gold, while the women wrestlers, participating in the Games for the first time, stole the show with a memorable performance. In the six events for women, India won three gold, two silver and a bronze medal to show their supremacy in the freestyle category. The trio of Alka Tomar, Geeta and Anita won their final bouts with ease, while Babita Kumari and Nirmala Devi missed out on gold, losing their final rounds, but their performance drew praise from all. Geeta became the first Indian women wrestler to bag a gold medal in the Commonwealth Games. India achieved unprecedented success in athletics by bagging 12 medals, including two gold. India's 12 medals were two more than the number it won in all the earlier editions. Krishna Poonia created history by breaking India's 52-yearold Commonwealth Games gold medal jinx by winning the gold medal in women's discus throw. Harwant Kaur and Seema Antil bagged silver and bronze, respectively. Poonia also became the first Indian woman to bag a Commonwealth Games gold after 'Flying Sikh' Milkha Singh won the men's 440 yards race in 1958 edition in Cardiff, Wales. The women's 4X400m relay team of Manjeet Kaur, Sini Jose, Ashwini Akkunji and Mandeep Kaur added another gold in a memorable race, beating strong teams like Nigeria and England. Fancied fisticuff exponents Vijender Singh and Akhil Kumar were ousted early but Indian boxers still delivered a historic golden punch to come up with their best-ever campaign in the Games history. With a hat-trick of gold plus four bronze medals, the Indian ring stylists recorded their best medal haul at the quadrennial multidiscipline sports event, bettering the 2006 campaign at Melbourne by two. Ashish Kumar of India created history by winning a bronze medal in Gymnastics, the first ever medal in gymnastics for India in the Commonwealth Games.
Series title triumph with a 15-21 21-16 21-17 win over the third seed Chinese in a gruelling one hour and 11 minutes summit clash at the Queen Elizabeth Stadium. The girl from Hyderabad won backto-back titles - Indian Open Grand Prix, Singapore Open Super Series and defended the Indonesian Super Series - before clinching the gold medal in the Commonwealth Games in October. Saina played a tactical game after she lost the first game and clawed her way back with some fast-paced rallies and powerful smashes to outwit the Chinese world number five.
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of cricket when it beat Sri Lanka by eight wickets in the third and final match. Sri Lanka claimed the series 2-1, after winning the first match by one wicket and the second by 29 runs.
tury with an unbeaten 53 to help India chase down the 207-run target. Earleir, India won the first Test at Mohali by one wicket. A 81run ninth wicket stand between V.V.S. Laxman and Ishant Sharma set up the opening win. Laxman scripted an unbeaten 73 runs and Ishant Sharma chipped with a contribution of 31 runs.
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beaten the formidable Koreans in the semi-final. Talukdar won bronze in the individual event defeating Athens Olympic champion Marco Galiazzo of Italy 7-3. Deepika Kumari lost the womens recurve final, but the silver medal ensured Deepika her maiden place in the grand final in Edinburgh.
Wrestler Sushil Kumar has become the first Indian to win a gold medal in the World Wrestling Championships, held in Moscow. He defeated Alan Gogaev in the 66-kg freestyle category.
US Open, 2010
Rafael Nadal of Spain defeated Novak Djokovic (Serbia) to win the mens singles title. The win gave him his first US open title and was his ninth Grand Slam win. Kim Clijsters of Belgium defeated Vera Zvonareva (Russia) to take the womens singles title. The mens doubles title was won by Mike and Bob Bryan of USA who defeated Indo-Pak team of Rohan Bopanna and Aisam-ulHaq. The womens doubles title was won by Vania King (USA) and Yaroslava Shvedova (Kazakhistan) while the mixed doubles title was won by Liezel Huber (USA) and Bob Bryan (USA).
notably in that unforgettable first round men's singles between John Isner of the United States and France's Nicolas Mahut, which smashed every existing record in the sport. The Isner-Mahut first round marathon, which stretched over three days, lasted 11 hours five minutes and totalled 183 games before Isner staggered away the winner 6-4, 3-6, 6-7, 7-6, 70-68. The final set alone lasted just over eight hours. Both men shattered the record for aces in one match, previously held by Ivo Karlovic at 78. Isner delivered 112 and Mahut also cracked the century with 103. An exhausted Isner crashed out to Thiemo De Bakker of Holland in the next round, collecting just five games. In the mens singles final Rafael Nadal beat Tomas Berdych 6-3, 7-5, 6-4 to win the title. This was the second Wimbledon title for the Spaniard. Berdych became the first Czech since Ivan Lendl in 1987 to reach the Wimbledon final. The womens singles title was won by defending champion Serena Williams who beat Russias Vera Zvonareva 6-3, 6-2. The victory took her to 13 Grand Slam singles titles, past Billie Jean King, and sixth in the all-time list. In the doubles, the men's title went to an unseeded pair, Austria's Jurgen Melzer and Germany's Philipp Petzschner, playing only their seventh tournament as a team. The women's doubles was won by an American-Kazakh combination, Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova. Also unseeded, they overcame the Russians, Elena Vesnina and Zvonareva, 7-6, 6-2. The mixed double's championship fell to a seeded combination, Leander Paes and Cara Black, the second seeds, who beat Wesley Moodie of South Africa and Lisa Raymond (United States) 6-4. 7-6.
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title, and the twelfth title in that discipline, which this was the fourth win in a row in the women's doubles in the Slams. Venus Williams won her second French Open Women's Doubles title, and the twelfth title in that discipline, which this was the fourth win in a row in the women's doubles in the Slams. Mixed Doubles: Katarina Srebotnik and Nenad Zimonji? were the winners. Srebotnik won her third French Open Mixed Doubles title, and the fourth Slam title in that discipline. Zimonji? won his second French Open Mixed Doubles title, and the fourth Slam title in that discipline.
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Lyo and Merly were the official mascots. The duo ere made up of a red male lion and a blue female Merlion. A contest held to name the two mascots was won by two Singaporeans. It took designers from Cubix International about six months to complete designing the mascots. China topped the medals tally with 30 gold medals, followed by Russia (18) and South Korea (11). India was ranked 58 with 6 silver medals and 2 bronze medals in its kitty. It was during the 119th session of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in Guatemala City on the July 5, 2007 when the IOC decided to create Youth Olympic Games (YOG). The vision of the innovative concept for the new sport event is to inspire young people all around the world to participate in sport and adopt and live by the Olympic values (excellence, friendship, respect). Innsbruck and Seefeld will host the first Winter Youth Olympic Games from January 13-22, 2012.
11, 2010. In 2004, the international football federation, FIFA, had selected South Africa to become the first African nation to host the tournament. The matches were played in ten stadiums in nine host cities around the country, with the final played at the Soccer City stadium in South Africas largest city, Johannesburg. Thirty-two teams were selected for participation via a worldwide qualification tournament that began in August 2007. Golden Ball: Diego Forlan (Uruguay) Golden Boot: Thomas Mller (Germany) Golden Glove: Iker Casillas (Spain) Best Young Player: Thomas Mller (Germany) FIFA Fair Play Trophy: Spain The official mascot for the 2010 World Cup was Zakumi, an anthropomorphised leopard with green hair, presented on 22 September 2008. His name came from ZA (the international abbreviation for South Africa) and the term kumi, which means ten in various African languages. The mascot's colours reflected those of the host nation's playing stripyellow and green. The official song of the 2010 World Cup, "Waka Waka", was performed by the Colombian singer Shakira and the band Freshlyground from South Africa. The song was sung in both English and Spanish. The song is based on a traditional African soldiers song, Zangalewa. Shakira and Freshlyground performed the song at the opening ceremony and at the closing ceremony.
Indonesia Open
Saina Nehwal notched up an incredible hat-trick of titles by successfully defending her Indonesian Open Super Series title with s hard-fought win over Japans Sayaka Sato. She had earlier won the Indian Open Grand Prix and the Singapore Open Super Series.
Singapore Open
Indian ace Saina Nehwal clinched the second Super Series title of her career by winning the Singapore Open with a straightgame triumph over Chinese Taipies Tzu Ying Tai.
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Asia Cup
India defeated Sri Lanka by 81 runs to win the Asia Cup. India had set the Lankans a stiff target of 299 runs. Dinesh Karthik was declared man of the match.
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Previously, Canada hosted the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec and the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta. Canada topped the medals tally with 14 gold, 7 silver and 5 bronze medals. Germany was second, followed by USA. The 2014 Winter Olympics will be held from February 7 to February 23, 2014 in Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russia.
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Over, No Ball, Off Break, On Drive, Out, Outswinger, Over, Mandatory Over, over Pitch, Popping Crease, Rubber, Run Down, Run Out, Short Pitch, Silly Point, Slip, Square Leg, Stone Walling, Straight Drive, Stumped, Short leg, Spin, Swing, Thirdman, Yorker. Croquet: Hoops, Mallet, Peg Out. Cycling: Track Events Draughts: Huff Equestrian: Tent Pegging Football: Advantage Clause, Blind Side, Centre Forward, Corner Kick, Dead Ball, Direct Free Kick, Dribble, Goal kick, Golden Goal, Hat-trick, Marking, OffSide, Penalty Kick, Penalty Shootout, Red Card, Striker, Throw In, Tie-Breaker, Tripping. Golf: Best-ball Foursome, Bogey, Bunker, Caddie, Dormy, Fairway, Fourball, Foursome, Greed Holes, Links, Niblic, Par, Put, Rough, Stymied, Tee, Threesome. Gymnastics: A-bars, Ariel, Blocks, Cone of Swing, Dish, Flairs, Giants, Inlocate, Kip, Planche, Tariff, Tumble, Virtuosity, Wrap. Hockey: Advantage, Back-stick, Bully, Cary, Centre Forward, Centre, Corner, Dribble, Flick, Free-hit, Goal Line, Blue line, Green Card, Halfway Line, Hat-trick, Off-side, Red Car, Roll -in, Scoop, Short Corner, Sixteen-yard hit, Square Pass, Drop pass, Stick, Striking Cirele, Tackle, Tie-breaker, Penalty Corner, Long Corner, Zonal Marking. Horse Racing: Jockey, Punter, Steeplechase, Bookies, Thorough Bred. Judo: Ashi-waza, chui, Dan, Dojo, Gyaku, Hajime, Ippon, Jigotai, Kaeshiwaza, Koka, Makikomi, Nage-waza, O-goshi, Randori, Scarf,
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Tani-Otoshi, Uchi-komvi, Waki-gatame, Yoshi, Yuko. Karate: Age Zuki, Ai-uchi, Aka, Chakugan, Dachi, Encho Sen, Fudotachi, Gedan, Geri, Hajime, Ibuki, Jion, Kakato, Koka, Makiwara, Nidan, Obi, Rei, Sanbon, Shiro, Tobigeri, Ude, Waza-ari, Yoko-geri, Zanshin, Zen-no. Polo: Bunker, Chukker, Mallet. Rowing: Bow, Bucket, Cow, Ergometer, Feather, Paddle, Drop, Regatta. Rugby Football: A Trackle, Lines, Scrum, Touch, Try. Shooting: Bag, Bulls Eye, Marksmanship, Muzzle, Plug. Skiing: Tobogganing. Swimming: Breast Stroke, Crawl. Table Tennis: Anti Loop, Backspin, Chop, Loop, Penhold Grip, Push, Spin, Twiddle. Tennis: Ace, Backhand Stroke, Deuce, Deep Volley, Deuce, Double Fault, Fault, Ground Stroke, Half Volley, Let, Love, Slice, Smash, Topspin, Volley Volleyball: Ace, Base-line, Blocking, Doubling, Foot Fault, Heave, Holding, Jump Set, Lob Pass, Love All, Point, Quick Smash, Scouting, Service, Spike, Tactical Ball, Volley, Windmill Service. Weight Lifting: Clean and Jerk, Bench Press Wrestling: Half-Nelson, Head Lock, Heave, Freestyle, Hold, Rebouts, Scissor. Yachting: Soling Tempest, Flying Dutchman, Tornado
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Cup, Sheesh Mahal Trophy, Sheffield Shield, Singer Cup, Sir Frank Worrel Trophy, Texaco Cup, Titan Cup, Vijay Hazare Trophy, Vijay Merchant Trophy, Vizzy Trophy, Wisden Trophy, Wills Trophy, World Series Cup. Football: African Natons Cup, Airlines Cup, america Cup, Asia Cup, Asian Women's Cup, Bandodkar Trophy, B. C. Roy Trophy, Begum Hazrat Mahal Cup, Bicentennial Gold Cup, BILT Cup, Bordoloi Trophy, Colombo Cup, Confederations Cup, DCM Cup, Durand Cup, European Cup, FA Cup, Federation Cup, G. V. Raja Memorial Trophy, gold Cup, Governor's Cup, Greek Cup, Great Wall Cup, IFA Shield, Independence Day Cup, Indira Gandhi Trophy, Inter-Continental Cup, Jawaharlal Nehru Gold Cup, Jules Rimet Trophy, Kalinga Cup, Kings Cup, Kirin Cup, Lal Bahadur Shastri Trophy, McDowell Cup, Merdeka Cup, Nagjee Trophy, Naidunia Trophy, Nations Cup, NFL Trophy, Nehru Gold Cup, Nizam Gold Cup, Raghbir Singh Memorial Cup, Rajiv Gandhi Trophy, Rovers Cup, Sanjay Gold Cup, Santosh Trophy, Scissors Cup, Sir Ashutohs Mukherjee Trophy, Stafford Cup, Subroto Cup, Supercup Trophy, Todd Memorial Trophy, UEFA Cup, US Cup, Vittal Trophy, Winner's Cup, World Cup. Golf: Canada Cup, Eisenhower Trophy, Inter-Continental Cup, Maekyung LG Fashion Open Trophy, Muthiah Gold Cup, Nomura Trophy, Paralamdi Trophy, President's Trophy, Prince of Wales Cup, Ryder Cup, Solheim Cup, Topolino Trophy, Walker Cup, Waterford Crystal Trophy, World Cup. Hockey: Agha Khan Cup, Allwyn Asia Cup, Azlan Shah Cup, Beighton Cup, Bhim Sain Trophy, BMW Trophy, Bombay Gold Cup, Champions Trophy, Clarke Trophy, Dhyan Chand Trophy, Esanda Champions Cup, European Nations Cup, Gurmeet Trophy, Guru Nanak Cup, Gyanvati Devi Trophy, Indira Gandhi Gold Cup, Intercontinental Cup, Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan Cup, Kuppuswamy Naidu Cup, Lady Rattan Tata Cup (women), Lal Bahadur Shastri Cup, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Gold Cup, Modi Gold Cup, Murugappa Gold Cup, Nehru Trophy, Obaidullah Gold Cup, Prime Minister's Gold cup, Rangaswami Cup, Ranjit Singh Gold Cup, Rene Frank Trophy, Sanjay Gandhi Trophy, Scindia gold Cup, Shriram Trophy, Tunku Abdul Razak Cup, Wellington Cup, World Cup, Yadavindra Cup. Horse Racing: Beresford Cup, Blue Riband, Derby, Grand Natonal Cup.
Kabaddi: Federation Cup Kho-Kho: Federation Cup Netball: Anantrao Pawar Trophy. Polo: Ezar Cup, Gold Cup, King's Cup, President Cup, Prithi Singh Cup, Radha Mohan Cup, Winchester Cup. Rowing: Beefeather's Gin. Rugby Football: Bledisloe Cup; Calcutta Cup, Webb Ellis Trophy. Shootng: North Wales Cup, Welsh Grand Prix. Snooker: Team Tournament Asean Cup. Table Tennis: Asian Cup, Berna Bellack Cup, Corbillion Cup (women), Electra Gold Cup, Gasper-Giest Prize, Grand Prix, Jayalaxmi Cup (women), Kamala Ramanunjan Cup, Marcel Corbillon Cup, Pithapuram Cup (men), Swaythling Cup (men), Travancore Cup (women), U Thant Cup, World Cup. Tennis: Ambre Solaire Cup, A T&T Cup, Champions Cup, ATP President's Cup, Davis Cup, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Cup, Edgbaston Cup, Evert Cup, Federation Cup, Ghafar Cup, Grand Prix, Grand Slam Cup, Nations' Cup, Watson's Water Trophy, Wightman Cup, Wimbledon Trophy, World Cup, World Team Cup. Volleyball: Centennial Cup, Federation Cup, Indira Pradhan Trophy, Shivanthi Gold Cup, World Cup, World League Cup. Weightlifting: World Cup. Wrestling: Bharat Kesari, Burdwan Shield, World Cup. Yachting: America Cup
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SUMMITS / CONFERENCES
India-EU Summit
the leaders said, would help mitigate the risk of excessive volatility in capital flows facing some emerging market economies.
ASEAN-India Summit
The 8th ASEAN-India Summit was held at Hanoi, Vietnam on October 30, 2010. Addressing the heads of the state of ASEAN countries, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said the conclusion of a services and investment agreement between India and ASEAN would be an important step in our goal of comprehensive economic cooperation. With an aim to play a more significant role in the growing economies of the region, India has been pushing its case for having a bilateral pact in services and investment at the earliest. Through this pact, India wants to get a foothold in all ASEAN countries for its growing pharmaceutical industry, besides allowing ease in visa regimes for its IT professionals, healthcare workers and teachers in Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand (ASEAN nations). With an agreement in place for free trade in services and investment, India can offer a bigger share of the pie to these countries in its infrastructure sector that is poised for a major growth.
India and the European Union will sign their much-delayed free-trade pact on goods, services and investment by early next year, with the respective chief negotiators meeting every month to fast-track the process. European Commission president Jose Manuel Barroso and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh announced their intention to wrap up the talks next year, during the ongoing India-EU Summit in Brussels on December 10. "Let us sign the deal in 2011," Barroso said after the meeting. Ministers from both sides will meet in March to finalise the agreement which would be signed by spring, according to a joint report tabled at the summit. The 27-member grouping is India's largest trading partner, with bilateral trade touching $75 billion in 2009-10. The pact is expected to increase two-way trade by 30%. India has so far signed bilateral free-trade agreements with Singapore, South Korea, the 10-member Asean and Sri Lanka. Two more with Japan and Malaysia have almost been finalised.
UN Climate Summit
The UN climate conference at Cancun reached a compromise to set up a 100 billion Dollar Green Fund to fight global warming. The fund is intended to assist poorer nations with low carbon development and protective measures against the effects of global warming. Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said, the major emerging economies -- Brazil, South Africa, India and China - BASIC have welcomed the decision. He said they are very happy with the text and Cancun represents an important step forward. He said that many of India's contributions have been incorporated in the text. The minister pointed out that under the current text, developed countries are subject to stricter scrutiny on their mitigation cuts than developing countries. He also highlighted that no peaking year for carbon emissions has been mentioned in the draft nor a global emission reduction goal set for 2050. Everyone, however, appreciated the efforts of Mexican Foreign Secretary Patricia Espinosa, who worked for two weeks to ensure transparency in the process and help countries work through their differences.
G-20 Summit
The Seoul Action Plan, agreed at the end of the two-day Summit of the G-20 leaders, called for moving towards more marketdetermined exchange rates. An undervalued Yuan or a weak Dollar also has ramifications for India and several other countries in terms of their exports becoming uncompetitive. The G-20 group includes India, the US, China, Germany, France, Brazil, Russia and Japan. In the face of a currency war between the US and China, global leaders, including Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, agreed to refrain from competitive devaluation and bring in exchange rate flexibility to ensure that no country gets undue advantage. These measures,
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ASEAN Summit
The 17th ASEAN Summit was held in Hanoi, Vietnam, on October 28-30, 2010. The meeting was considered a success, with all members agreeing to cooperate with one another in solving the regions economic downturn. The 17th ASEAN Summit focused on the contents of building the community and implementing the ASEAN Charter, external relations and key role of the body, sustainable development and coping with global challenges.
deliberate on various issues related to sports and law in India. Among other things, the conference discussed the Right to Information (RTI) and accountability of sports federations, and legalities involved in staging major sports events like the Olympics, Asian Games, Commonwealth Games. It also discussed gender discrimination in sports, intellectual property rights, importance of transparency in corporate structure of professional sports leagues, future of IPL, besides public relation opportunities and challenges which are concomitant with it, issues relating to infrastructure in developing and maintaining stadiums, training facilities etc.
UN Summit
The UN Summit on the Millennium Development Goals, or MDGs, was held in September 2010 at UN Headquarters in New York, USA.
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Mid-East Summit
US President Barack Obama waded into a new round of Middle East diplomacy September 1, 2010, seeking momentum for revived peace talks clouded by a flare-up of West Bank violence and a deadlock over Jewish settlements. Obama met Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu as he launched a series of one-on-one meetings with Middle East leaders attending a US-led peace summit that culminated with the first direct Israeli-Palestinian talks in 20 months. With Obama's peace bid facing broad skepticism and the clock ticking toward the September 26, 2010 expiration of an Israeli settlement construction freeze, Israel's defence minister sounded a conciliatory note about the prospects for sharing Jerusalem, an issue at the heart of the decades-old conflict. But big obstacles remain to Obama's quest for a peace deal that eluded so many of his predecessors. Hamas militants declared war on the talks even before they began, killing four Jewish settlers in the occupied West Bank, vowing more attacks and underscoring the threat hard-liners pose to the fragile peace process. The summit marked Obama's riskiest plunge into Middle East diplomacy, not least because he wants the two sides to forge a deal within 12 months, a target many analysts call a long shot.
signing an agreement on trade in services and expressing their firm resolve to stamp out terrorism from the region. The next summit would be held in the Maldives in 2011. Facing criticism for the slow pace of development in the region, the SAARC leaders reiterated their commitment to implement the South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) in letter and spirit to boost intra-regional economic cooperation for the prosperity of their people. The closing ceremony of the summit was attended by leaders from all the eight SAARC countriesIndia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. Representatives of nine observer countriesMauritius, South Korea, China, Japan, Iran, the US, the EU, Australia and Myanmarwere also present. The sevenpage Thimphu Silver Jubilee Declaration-Towards a Green and Happy South Asia emphasised the importance of reducing dependence on high-carbon technologies for economic growth and hoped promotion of climate resilience will promote both development and poverty eradication in a sustainable manner.
IBSA Summit
The 2nd India-Brazil-South Africa (IBSA) Summit was held in Brasilia on April 15, 2010. Speaking at the Summit, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said the grouping of leading developing economies must speak against the protectionist policies, which are only short-sighted and self-defeating in the long run. IBSA can contribute to the shaping of the global agenda and highlighting the issues of concern to developing countries.
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Asian Forum
Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population and Development (AFPPD) hosted a conference in Manila, Philippines, in March 2010, on indigenous peoples, climate change and rural poverty.
things, the Speakers role as a mediator and administrator of Parliament and use of technology in disseminating information on Parliamentary proceedings.
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COMMITTEES
The Bimal Jalan committee was set-up to review the ownership and working of capital markets infrastructure institutions (MIIs). One major recommendation of the report is that only banks, insurance companies and domestic financial institutes with a net worth of Rs 1,000 crore be roped in as anchor investors.
Pharmacopoeia Commission
The government decided to set up a Pharmacopoeia Commission in Ghaziabad at a cost of Rs. 14.08 crore for developing indigenous medicines with the aim of raising the country's share in the $62-billion global herbal drug market.
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groups. The experts found that the EOCs were becoming a norm in leading democracies with social and cultural diversities. The group found the South African and British models of particular value.
SCHEMES
Swavalamban Scheme
Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee launched the Swavalamban Scheme of Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) on September 25, 2010. The scheme seeks to provide pension scheme to the un-organised sector. Under the scheme, the Central government will contribute Rs 1,000 per year to each National Pension Scheme (NPS) account opened in year 2010-11 and for the next three years, till 2013-14.
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VISITS / TOURS
talks with Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh and will call on Smt. Pratibha Patil, President of India. Leaders of the two countries had an in-depth exchange of views on bilateral relations and regional and international issues of mutual interest in a sincere and friendly atmosphere and reached broad consensus. The two sides agreed that as the two largest developing countries in the world, India and China shoulder important and historical responsibilities of ensuring their comprehensive and sustainable economic and social development. They also make a vital contribution to advancing peace and development in Asia and in the world at large. India-China relations go beyond their bilateral scope and have acquired global and strategic significance. The two sides welcome each other's peaceful development and regard it as a mutually reinforcing process. They believe that their growing relationship offers increasing opportunities to advance their cooperation. There is enough space in the world for the development of both India and China and indeed, enough areas for India and China to cooperate. The two sides reviewed with satisfaction the comprehensive and rapid progress of India-China relations in the last ten years, and reaffirmed their commitment to abiding by the basic principles and consensus concerning the development of India-China relations set out in the Declaration of Principles for Relations and Comprehensive Cooperation between India and China in 2003, the Joint Statement of India and China in 2005, the India-China Joint Declaration of 2006 and A Shared Vision for the 21st Century of India and China of 2008. The two sides decided to enhance strategic communication, advance functional cooperation, broaden cultural exchanges, and deepen and enrich the India-China Strategic and Cooperative Partnership for Peace and Prosperity on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence, mutual respect and sensitivity for each other's concerns and aspirations.
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Jaitapur in partnership with Indian industry," Prime Minister Manmohan Singh told a joint press conference. The deal is short of a final sale contract, but it means Areva has moved ahead of US and Japanese competitors in the race to sell reactors to India, which aims to tap atomic power for a quarter of its electricity demands by 2050. Deals totalling 15 billion euros (20 billion dollars) have been signed or are about to be signed with Indian companies, Sarkozy's office said, including a leasing agreement for 14 Airbus planes and the modernisation of 51 French-made Mirage fighter jets. Sarkozy came with a delegation of six ministers and around 70 chief executives, including the bosses of aircraft and defence groups Dassault Aviation, aircraft maker EADS, and Areva. The nuclear group hopes to supply six reactors in total for the Maharashtra nuclear plant. The first two are worth 7.0 billion euros, according to the French presidency.
Her visit assumed special significance since this was the first ever visit of by an Indian President to Syria. Several Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs), including those on cultural exchange, were signed during the visit. Her talks with President al-Assad gave a new momentum to the bilateral relations in all fields, particularly on expanding economic and commercial cooperation. The Presidents visit was aimed to bolster a political dialogue between the two countries and discussions were held on bilateral, regional and international issues, including West Asia peace process. Syria has already backed Indias demand for a permanent membership of the United Nations Security Council and has always tried to act as a moderator for toning down Pakistani rhetoric in the meetings of Organisation of Islamic Countries.
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India-specific references and continuously underlined the fast-improving partnership between New Delhi and Washington, was attended by a packed House, which included Vice-President Hamid Ansari, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, Lok Sabha Speaker Meira Kumar, UPA chairperson Sonia Gandhi, Cabinet ministers and members of the two Houses of Parliament. India and the United States pledged to defeat all terrorist networks, including the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), and strengthen international cooperative activities that will reduce the risk of terrorists acquiring nuclear weapons or material. Condemning terrorism in all its forms, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and US President Barack Obama, in a joint statement, issued at the end of the American leaders official engagements in India, called on Pakistan to bring to justice the perpetrators of the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks. They reiterated that success in Afghanistan and regional and global security required elimination of safe havens and infrastructure for terrorism and violent extremism in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The two leaders also emphasised the importance of close cooperation in combating terrorist financing and in protecting the international financial system. Deciding to strengthen and expand the Indo-US global strategic partnership, the Indian PM and Obama called for an efficient, credible and legitimate United Nations to ensure a just and sustainable international order. Singh welcomed President Obamas affirmation that in the years ahead, Washington looked forward to a reformed UN Security Council that included India as a permanent member. On the civil nuclear deal, they reiterated their commitment to build strong bilateral cooperation through the participation of American energy companies in India on the basis of mutually acceptable technical and commercial terms and conditions that enabled a viable tariff regime for the electricity generated. The two leaders also decided to take mutual steps to expand US-India cooperation in civil space, defence and other high-technology sectors commensurate with Indias non-proliferation record and commitment to abide by multilateral export control standards. Key health and Education pacts singed: A promise to help India battle old and emerging infections and another of forging collaborations in higher education were the high points of US President Barack Obamas India visit, which saw two key pacts being
inked in the sectors. On the health front, President Obama and Prime Minsiter Manmohan Singh announced the setting up of the Global Disease Detection India Centre to come up under the MoU between the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Delhi, and the Centre for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta. On the education front, the two sides committed themselves to a higher education summit in New Delhi in 2011 to develop collaborations in the area. Building lab capacity at home for diagnoses of emerging infectious diseases using well characterised reference materials and advanced technology transfer that meets CDC and global standards will be the other major takeaways from health MoU.
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after talks between Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and the 77year-old leader of the military junta. Simultaneously, the EXIM Bank of India extended a line of credit of $60 million to the Myanmar Foreign Trade Bank.
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the Diplomatic Academy of South Africa. Both India and South Africa are keen to increase the two-way trade, which currently stands at $7.5 billion annually. Zuma said he wanted that to grow to $10 billion by 2012.
gurated Chinas first Indian-style Buddhist temple in Luoyang city in Henan province. Skirting contentious issues, she held discussions with the top Chinese leadership. Controversial issues such as Chinese border incursions, stapled visas for Kashmiris, Indian visas for Chinese telecom companies and Sino-Pak ties did not figure in the discussions. Patil sought Chinese support for New Delhi's permanent membership of the UNSC during talks. The Chinese leaders supported India's aspirations for UNSC permanent seat and assured the Indian leader that Beijing would back Indias bid in 2011s election for a non-permanent membership of the UNSC.
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umbrella pact between the National Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) and the Atom Stroy for Kudankulam III and Kudankulam IV nuclear reactors as part of the nuclear cooperation accord between the two sides. The agreement on peaceful uses of nuclear energy is expected to open more avenues of nuclear cooperation between the two countries. The two sides also signed a pact on serial construction of Russian designed nuclear reactors. The most significant accords between the two sides were on the Admiral Gorshkov aircraft carrier that was approved by the Union Cabinet for the purchase of the vessel at $ 2.33 billion and the supply of 29 MIG 29K the sea variant of the fighter used by the IAF valued at $ 1.5 billion.
terrorism. Turkeys position is being seen as a major departure from that of OIC, which is not willing to exclude armed forces from the purview of the convention. On Afghanistan, the Turkish President praised the role being played by India in the reconstruction plan in the embattled nation.
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it, Indias obsession with tobacco continues despite laws to tell the users of its lethal consequences. Though 64 per cent of all adults believe tobacco leads to heart attacks, 35 per cent (one-third) continue to consume tobacco in some form or the other.
India's per capita income grew by 10.5 per cent to Rs 44,345 in 2009-10 against Rs 40,141 in the year-ago period, according to government data. The World Bank, however, pegs India's per capita income at a much higher $1,180 per year. India ranks a poor 161st in the world in terms of per capita incomes. The per capita income was slightly higher than Rs 43,749 as calculated by the Central Statistical Organisation in its advance estimates for FY10. However, per capita income grew by 5.6 per cent last fiscal if it is calculated on the basis of 2004-05 prices, which is a better way of comparison and broadly factors inflation. Per capita income (at 2004-05 prices) stood at Rs 33,588 in FY10 against Rs 31,821 in the previous year, according to estimates of national income. Per capital income means income of each Indian if national income is evenly divided among the country's population of 117 crore (Rs 1.17 billion).
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plified further which was approved by Cabinet yesturday on August 26, 2010. The taxpayers can now get more benefits.
Key Features of New Direct Tax Code (DTC) 2011 Bill:
Tax Exemptions for Salaried People Rs 2 lakh Tax Exemption for Senior Citizens Rs 2.5 lakh Tax for Income between Rs 2 lakh and Rs 5 lakh 10% Tax for Income between Rs 5 lakh and Rs 10 lakh 20% Tax for Income over Rs 10 lakh 30% Rs 1.5 lakh Tax Incentives on Housing Loans will continue The DTC provides for MAT of 20 per cent of book profits of companies The original draft had promised a whole new paradigm in direct taxation, drastically lowering the tax burden while also doing away with most exemptions. A revised draft released in June this year brought back some of the exemptions like the one available for interest on housing loans that the first draft had proposed to get rid of. The speculation that this might force the finance ministry to make the revision of tax slabs also less ambitious to avoid giving away too much revenue has now proved well-founded. Under the original proposal, the 10% slab would have extended up to Rs 10 lakh and the 20% slab up to Rs 25 lakh, meaning that the 30% rate would have applied only to incomes of over Rs 25 lakh per annum. On the plus side for individual taxpayers, withdrawal from provident funds will not be taxed as the original DTC had proposed to do. Also deductions from taxable income will be available for interest on housing loans up to Rs 1.5 lakh per annum and on payments into PF and similar superannuation schemes up to Rs 1 lakh. Also available will be a deduction of up to Rs 50,000 for life insurance and health insurance premiums or tuition fees.
nine per cent growth trend is maintained, India would become USD two trillion economy in 2013-14 fiscal. In the assessment, the PMEAC, headed by noted economist C Rangarajan, said that it is imperative for India to preserve conditions that will enable it to return to the 9 per cent growth trajectory. After slowing down to 6.7 per cent in 2008-09 and 7.4 per cent in 2009-10, the Indian economy is projected to expand at 8.5 per cent this fiscal and by nine per cent in 2011-12. In the first two months of current fiscal, the industrial production recorded an annual growth of 14 per cent. The lead indicators of service sector also suggest increased economic activity, Reserve Bank Governor D Subbarao said in the first quarter credit policy review. If the tax reforms are implemented as planned from next fiscal, the economy would get further push. The gain from GST will propel the country from one-trillion dollar economy to two trilliondollar economy in a short span of time,. Before the global economic slowdown since 2008, the Indian economy grew by over nine per cent for three years in a row from 2005-06 to 2007-08 and expansion was maintained by industry and services sectors.
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the symbol in the Indian Standards is estimated to take about six months while encoding in the Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 will take about 18-24 months. It will be incorporated in software packages and keyboards in use in India. The symbol will standardise the expression for Indian Rupee in different languages, both within and outside the country. It would better distinguish the Indian currency from countries whose currencies are also designated as Rupee or Rupiah, such as Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Indonesia.
Nooyi came in at No 6, while Axis Bank CEO Shikha Sharma and ICICI Bank Managing Director & CEO Chanda Kochhar were ranked 89th and 92nd, respectively. Surprisingly missing from 2010 list is Congress President Sonia Gandhi. She came in at No 13 in 2009.
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Management in Ahmedabad and Kolkata, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade in New Delhi, Institute of Management Technology at Ghaziabad, Management Development Institute at Gurgaon, National Institute of Industrial Engineering in Mumbai and XLRI Jamshedpur.
and export credit.) While the new model will ensure greater transparency, it need not mean lower lending rates for borrowers.
Tobin Tax
Tobin Tax is a levy on all spot conversions of one currency into another. It is imposed to prevent fluctuations in the market due to excessive capital inflows.
New BPLR
From 2010 July 1, banks will move to a new, more transparent regime of loan pricing. They will jettison the Benchmark Prime Lending Rate (BPLR) and price loans off a base rate. Unlike the BPLR that was set somewhat arbitrarily by banks, the base rate will follow an explicit formula that factors in a banks cost of deposits, operating costs (expenses of running its branches, for instance), the cost of statutory drafts on bank funds imposed by the Reserve Bank of India (the Cash Reserve Ratio and Statutory Liquidity Ratio) and the profit margin. The base rate will help borrowers to compare interest rates offered by various banks and make the process of how banks arrive at interest rates for loans more transparent. RBI has stipulated that banks cannot charge below the base rate for most loans. (There are a couple of exceptions like agricultural loans
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cent of the worlds stunted children (whose height is low for their age) live in Asian countries, such as India and Bangladesh, apart from some Africa countries. The highest regional hunger indices suggesting the worst performers are almost the same for South Asian countries, such as India, and Sub-Saharan African nations, such as Congo. India is among countries with hunger levels considerably higher that their gross national income per capita would suggest. Its kind of ironic, Ashok Gulati, Asia director of the Washington- based IFPRI said. The IFPRI hunger index complied in partnership with German NGO Welthungerhilfe, and Concern Worldwide ranks countries on three equally weighted indicators: the proportion of undernourished, the proportion of underweight children under five, and the child mortality rate. The UN Food and Agriculture Organisa6on (FAO) defines hunger as the consump6on of fewer than 1,800 kilocalories a day the minimum required to live a healthy and productive life.
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current trends continue, in 20 years about 60 per cent of all aquifers in the country will be in a critical condition, putting at risk over a quarter of the harvest, concludes the report Deep Wells and Prudence: Towards Pragmatic Action for Addressing Groundwater Overexploitation in India. The report rings alarm bells for policy makers, warning them against status quo. A rainfall deficit in 196366 had decreased Indias food production by 20 per cent, but a similar drought in 1987-88 had very small impact on food production due to widespread prevalence of groundwater, which is now declining. India is the largest groundwater user in the world, exploiting 230 cubic kilometres of groundwater every year over a quarter of the global total. Today, groundwater supports 60 per cent of irrigated agriculture and more than 80 per cent of rural and urban water supplies. Even though there is a major dependence of many sectors on groundwater and it is being overexploited, there is little investment in its management. This inaction has arisen mainly because the solutions often proposed for groundwater management are very controversial, including command-and-control regulation of wells and curbing the supply of free or cheap power for groundwater irrigation.
Union Budget was presented at a time when the Indian economy was on the path of revival and almost all demand indicators had turned significantly positive. Investment and consumption demand was also on a revival mode. The buoyancy in the manufacturing sector and up-tick in import and export were also working well for economic growth prospects. In the current economic scenario, what was required from the Budget was a further push for consumption and investment. The Budget announcements tried to do just that.
Highlights:
Additional Rs 1,65,000 cr for bank re-capitalisation Rs 3000 cr for agricultural impetus Farm loan payments to be extended for six months Fertilizer subsidy to be reduced Rs 100 cr woman farmer fund scheme Coal regulatory authority to be set up Clean energy fund to be established Interest subvention of 2% to be extended for handicrafts and SMEs Rs 200 cr for Tamil Nadu textile sector Interest subvention for housing loans up to 1 lacs Allocation to defence raised to Rs 1.47 lakh cr Defence capex raised to Rs 60,000 cr Divestment target of Rs 25,000 cr Rs 1200 cr assistance for drought in Bundelkhand Rs 48000 cr for Bharat Nirman NREGA scheme allocation raised to Rs 41,000 cr Allocation to health Rs 22,300 cr Allocation for school education up from Rs 26,800 cr to Rs 31036 cr Allocation to power sector at Rs 5130 cr Rs 10,000 cr allocated for Indira Awaas Yojna Social Security Fund to have corpus of over Rs 1000 cr Rs 2400 cr for MSMEs Government to contribute Rs 1000 per month for pension security Rs 5400 cr allocated for urban development Rs 66100 cr allocated for rural development Rs 1900 cr allocated for UID project Gross tax receipts Rs 7.46 lakh cr Government to set up National Mission for delivery of justice
CSO Estimates
The per capita income of India in 2009-10 was Rs 43,749 according to the advance estimates of Central Statistical Organistation. It was Rs 40,141 in 2008-09. After taking inflation into account, per capita income is estimated to grow by 5.4 per cent at Rs 33,540 in 2009-10, against Rs 31,821 during 2008-09.
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15% rise in planned expenditure Fiscal deficit target of 5.5% in FY11 Excise on all non smoking tobacco raised Televisions to be costlier Mobile phones to become cheaper Cement to be costlier Refrigerators to be costlier Jewellery to be more expensive Monorail granted project import status CDs to be cheaper Excise duty on CFL halved to 4% Bank farm loan target: Rs 3.75,lakh crore Nutrient based fertiliser subsidy scheme to come into force from April 1, 2010 To build 20 km of highway every day Income tax on income upto Rs 1.6 lakh: Nil Income tax on income above Rs 1.6 lakh and upto Rs. 5 lakh: 10 per cent Income tax on income above Rs.5 lakh and upto Rs. 8 lakh: 20 per cent Income tax on income above Rs. 8 lakh: 30 per cent
private partnership (PPP) mode or are subject to sanction by the Finance Ministry and Planning Commission.
Highlights:
No increase in passenger fares. Rs.100 reduction in freight per wagon for fertilisers and kerosene. Free travel for cancer patients in 3rd AC classes. Cost-sharing in public-private-partnership (PPP) mode in some gauge-conversion projects. Further extension of Kolkata Metro on priority basis; stations to be named after Bahadur Shah Zafar, Tagore family. Karmabhoomi trains to be introduced for migrant labour. New Janmabhoomi train between Ahmedabad and Udhampur. Special 'Bharat Teertha' train to be run around India to commemorate Rabindranath Tagore's 150th birth anniversary. A special train to be run from West Bengal to Bangladesh to commemorate the anniversary. Railway line to be extended from Bilaspur in Himachal Pradesh to Leh in Jammu and Kashmir. Andaman and Nicobar Islands to get railway line from Port Blair to Diglipur. Sikkim capital Gangtok to be connected by rail from Rangpo. Impact of Sixth Pay Commission recommendations placed at Rs.55,000 crore. Gross earnings in 2009-10 estimated at Rs.88,281 crore. Working expenditure in 2009-10 estimated at Rs.83,440 crore. Expenses during 2010-11 estimated at Rs.87,100 crore. Thrust on expansion in 2010-11 with allocation of Rs.4,411 crore. Net profit of Rs.1,328 crore in 2009-10. Ten automobile ancillary hubs to be created. Policy decision to employ one member of family whose land is requisitioned for railway projects. North-south, east-west dedicated freight corridors to be created. Centre for railway research to be established with Indian Institutes of Technology and Defence Research and Development Organisation. Design, development and testing centre for railway wheels at Bangalore.
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Five sports academies to be set up; astroturf to be provided for development of hockey; employment opportunities for sports persons. Railways to be lead partner for Commonwealth Games.
by former Finance Secretary Vijay Kelkar. The Commission has told governments at the Centre and States to set their fiscal house in order, even as it raised the share of taxes that the States would be entitled to receive over the next five years by 1.5 percentage points. In addition, the Commission, a Constitutional body that is appointed every five years to recommend a tax-sharing formula between the Centre and States, has suggested a roadmap for the introduction of a single-rate goods and services tax (GST), the key indirect tax reform to create a common market in India. Its stringent new roadmap for fiscal responsibility suggests, among other things, that the overall debt of the Centre and States be capped at 68 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) from the current 82 per cent, and 75 per cent recommended by the Twelfth Finance Commission. The Finance Commission has recommended that the Centre reduce debt to 45 per cent of GDP by March 2015, against 54.2 per cent at present. For States the reduction in debt is recommended at 2 percentage points to 25 per cent. The relatively less stringent condition for States comes with the rider that the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act allows the Centre to borrow on behalf of the States to help them counter macro-economic shocks. During the financial crisis, the Centre had relaxed the cap on the fiscal deficit. The Finance Commission has said the Centre should transfer 32 per cent of the taxes it collects to States, against 30.5 per cent at present. The overall ceiling including transfers to local bodies on transfers from the Centres gross revenue has been raised from 38 to 39.5 per cent. Among proposals that provide a thrust to fiscal federalism, the commission has recommended that local bodies receive up to 2.5 per cent of the divisible tax pool. Of this, up to 1 per cent can be incentive-linked. While there is more reason for the States to cheer since the commission proposes an increase in grants, much of it is tied to specific spending programmes such as those for elementary education and environment. There is, however, a performance incentive of Rs 1,500 crore for Assam, Sikkim and Uttarakhand and a grant of Rs 51,800 crore to meet the deficits of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and the north-eastern States (excluding Assam). Like its predecessor, the Thirteenth Finance Commission has recommended a debt relief scheme for the States. The first element is to cap the interest rate on a part of the loans from the
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National Small Savings Fund at 9 per cent from up to 10.5 per cent. This will translate into a benefit of Rs 28,360 crore to the States. In addition, there is a Rs 4,506 crore benefit with the government accepting the suggestion to write off central loans that are not administered by the finance ministry but were outstanding at the end of 2009-10. Including the higher grants-in-aid, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra would be the biggest beneficiaries in terms of share of transfers. Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Jammu and Kashmir would be the top losers. The Finance Commission has projected that tax receipts would see a compounded annual growth rate of over 17 per cent between March 2010 and March 2015, while nominal GDP growth is estimated at 13.2 per cent. Prescribing a zero revenue deficit as the golden rule, the Commission has recommended that the endeavour for all States should be to reach that level by 2014-15.
grown more confident on the international stage and have begun to assert greater influence in Asia, Africa and Latin America, with things like special trade agreements and multi-billion dollar resource deals. Beijing is also beginning to shape global dialogues on a range of issues; for instance, in 2009 it asserted that the dollar must be phased out as the worlds primary reserve currency. While the United States and the European Union are struggling to grow in the wake of the worst economic crisis in decades, China has continued to climb up the economic league tables by investing heavily in infrastructure and backing a $586 billion stimulus plan. There are huge challenges ahead, though. Economists say that Chinas economy is too heavily dependent on exports and investment and that it needs to encourage greater domestic consumption something China has struggled to do. The countrys largely state-run banks have recently been criticized for lending far too aggressively in 2009, while shifting some loans off their balance sheet to disguise lending and evade rules meant to curtail lending growth. China is also locked in a fierce debate over its currency policy, with the United States, European Union and others accusing Beijing of keeping the Chinese currency, the renminbi, artificially low to bolster exports leading to huge trade surpluses for China but major bilateral trade deficits for the United States and the European Union. China says that its currency is not substantially undervalued and that it is moving ahead with currency reform.
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at 25.7% by the committee, as against official estimates of 28.3% and 25.7% for rural and urban population, respectively. In the past, the poverty line was defined in terms of per capita consumer expenditure at 1973-74 market prices and adjusted over time and across States for changes in prices keeping unchanged the original 1973-74 reference poverty line baskets of goods and services. The all-India rural and urban poverty line baskets were derived separately, assuming per capita daily calorie intake of 2,400 for rural people and 2,100 for urban population. The Tendulkar panel has made four major departures from the past practices. It moved away from the calorie intake criteria for determining poverty line. Instead, it tests for adequacy of actual food expenditure near the poverty line to ensure aggregate nutrition, rather than just calories.
applications, reaching 1000 MW by 2017 and 2000 MW by 2020; (b) to create favourable conditions for solar manufacturing capability for indigenous production and market leadership; (c) to achieve 15 million sq metres solar thermal collector area by 2017 and 20 million by 2022; (d) to deploy 20 million solar lighting systems for rural areas by 2022.
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extinct in the wild and have since been re introduced back to nature: the California condor and the black footed ferret in the US, and Przewalskis horse in Mongolia.
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in the 135-km stretch. The minister had support of non-official members of the authority, who had been advocating that no dams small or big be allowed on the river.
port 2009, published by Forest Survey of India, the mangrove cover in the country stands at 4639 km2 out of which 353 km2 is in Andhra Pradesh. Under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Conservation and Management of Mangroves, 100% central assistance is extended to Coastal States/Union Territories, who so request, for implementation of their approved Management Action Plans which comprise components such as Survey and Demarcation, Afforestation and Restoration of Mangroves, Alternate and Supplementary Livelihoods, Protection Measures, Education and Awareness etc. The details of central assistance provided to Coastal States/Union Territories for conservation & management of mangroves during the last three years and the current year.
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India, has been prepared by 220 scientists from 120 research institutions under the Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment (INCCA). It is the first assessment report on the impact of climate change on agriculture, health, water and forests in four regions of the country: Himalayas, Western Ghats, Coastal zone and the NorthEast in 2030. This is the second major publication on INCCA. In May a report on GHG Emissions 2007 was released, making India first developing country to publish such data. Coastal areas are likely to witness maximum increase in temperature while winters are expected to get warmer. India may endure floods 30 per cent more severe in magnitude and heightened drought conditions by 2030, which may affect crop yields, damage dams and harm infrastructure. In fact, the report says that frequency of droughts is already increasing, especially in the Himalayan region where the degree of severity had increased by more than 20 per cent since the 1970s.
that the developing countries strongly support international legallybinding agreements, as the lack of such agreements hurts developing countries more than developed nations. The ministers said that negotiations should follow a two-pronged approach. One track is on long-term cooperative action to combat climate change. The other is for developed countries to commit to what extent they will reduce their greenhouse gas emissions after 2012, when the current commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol runs out. The next BASIC ministerial meeting will be held at the end of July 2010 in Brazil, followed by one hosted by China at the end of October 2010.
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SPACE RESEARCH
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with EADS-Astrium of Europe, was successfully launched November 27, 2010 at 00.09 hours Indian Standard Time (IST) by the European Ariane-5 V198 launch vehicle. The launch took place from the Guyana Space Centre at Kourou in French Guyana. Thirty-five minutes after its lift-off, HYLAS separated from Ariane-5 launch vehicle after reaching its intended Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO). ISRO's Master Control Facility (MCF) at Hassan in Karnataka successfully received radio signals transmitted by HYLAS and the satellite's health is normal. HYLAS satellite developed for Avanti Communications, UK consists of ten high power transponders that use eight in Ka and two in Ku band frequencies. The satellite is designed to deliver high-speed broadband services through its spot beams over Europe. The satellite is expected to be operated from 33.5 deg. W longitude for European coverage.
that is sustained by high-energy particles slamming into the moons surface and kicking up atoms, molecules and ions. Astronomers have counted 62 moons orbiting Saturn. At 1500 km wide, Rhea is the second largest and is thought to be made almost entirely of ice.
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first mission of the organisations Living with a Star Program or LWS one of the NASAs many missions to study the Sun and space environment.
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DEFENCE NEWS
Chandipur off the Orissa coast. The Brahmos-II, a result of an IndoRussian joint venture, can be potentially used for surgical strikes, including at terror camps, without causing collateral damage. It can carry conventional warheads up to 300 kg and effectively engage ground targets from an altitude of just 10 metres. The missile can travel at three times the speed of sound.
INS Vagli
The last of India's Foxtrot-class submarines, INS Vagli retired after 36 years of service. The retirement of INS Vagli will leave only 14 more submarines for India now.
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rapidly gained acceptance as the leading means of propulsion for all types of high-speed marine craft, including ferries, work boats, patrol crafts and pleasure boats. The ships will be based in Goa and tasked with the role of detecting, locating and destroying small, fast-moving enemy surface craft engaged in covert operations. INS Cankarso and INS Kondul are fitted with 30-mm CRN-91 gun built by Ordnance Factory, Medak, and Igla missiles and set of machine guns ranging from light to heavy.
INS Shivalik
On April 29, 2010, India affected a generational shift in its warship-building capability by commissioning INS Shivalik the first indigenously built stealth frigate that is the biggest in its class in the world. The ship, which is 143 metres long, can tactically fire weapons even before the enemy detects it. The hard-to-detect warship will form a crucial component of the Indian Navy. It is equipped with a mix of Indian, Russian, Israeli and western weapons and sensors. Two other such ships INS Satpura and the INS Sahayadari would follow soon. Each ship would carry on board long-range surface-tosurface Klub missiles, area defence missiles Shtil and Barak, antisubmarine torpedoes, 100 mm mounted gun and six-barrelled 30 mm gun. Ships like these would form the core of the Indias battle fleet in the first half of this century. A 250-member crew, including 35 officers, will man INS Shivalik. The new design features give the ship enhanced operational capabilities in terms of survivability, stealth, sea keeping, ship handling and weapons.
Astra
The first night trial of indigenously developed, beyond visual range air-to-air missile Astra' was test-fired from the Integrated Test Range complex at Chandipur.
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civil operators like Pawan Hans and the ONGC. Dhruv is also being used by foreign countries like Ecuador, Nepal, Mauritius and Male. Though LCH is derived from Dhruv, there are differences in design. While in Dhruv pilots sit side-by-side, in the LCH they sit one behind the other. All flight controls, hydraulics and fuel system have been redesigned for the sleeker, heavily armoured LCH.
Artificial kidney
An artificial kidney implant that would work as well as a natural organ is in the offing. The first prototype of the device unveiled by the US researchers could do away with the need for dialysis or donor organs. The device comprises thousands of microscopic filters to remove toxins from the blood and a bio-reactor to mimic the metabolic and water-balancing roles of a real kidney. The implant is being developed jointly by engineers, biologists and physicians led by Shuvo Roy at the University of California, San Francisco. The treatment has already been proven to work for the sickest patients, using a room-sized external model.
Exercise Milan
Exercise Milan was the largest naval war game hosted by India, in February 2010, with the participation of 12 navies of the Asia-Pacific region.
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Brain chip
Scientists have developed a brain chip that will help paralysed patients operate their bionic limbs. The technology employs tiny microchips to sense nerve messages, decode the signals, and turn thought into movement. The scientists hope that, within five years, they will be able to offer robotic devices to patients with damaged spinal cords that will enable them to move their arms or legs at will. A more ambitious idea is not to use robotic devices but to replace the broken connection to the limb with an artificial link. The brain chip would then send signals to an implanted stimulator in the spinal cord. This would generate electrical impulses to make muscles contract and move paralysed limbs.
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According to the New Scientist, the new record-holder for the most precise timekeeper, built at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Colorado, USA, could tick off the 13.7-billion-year age of universe to within 4 seconds. The optical clock monitors the oscillation of a trapped atom of aluminium-27 and is more than twice as precise as the earlier version, reported in 2008.
Anti-influenza vaccine
India launched its first indigenously manufactured antiinfluenza vaccine, Vaxiflu-S manufactured by Zydus-Cadila Healthcare that will protect people against the A (H1N1) flu.
Tianhe-1
The 13 computer cabinets containing the Tianhe-1, China's first domestically-made petaflop supercomputer, have been installed and it is scheduled to begin system debugging and testing in September, according to the National Supercomputing Center in Tianjin.
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generation. It would provide uninterrupted free power supply to six neighbouring villages, Nankari, Bara Sirohi, Singhpur, Bakunthpur, Naramau and Kachchar. The villages are electrified, but the present power supply is highly erratic. The Rs 18-crore project has been taken up as a part of the ongoing golden jubilee celebrations at the institute.
of light. Until now, infra-red germanium lasers required expensive cryogenic cooling systems to operate. The new germanium laser operates at room temperature. To create the germanium laser, the scientists take a six-inch, silvery-gray disk of silicon and spray it with a thin film of germanium. These same disks are actually used to produce chips in today's computers.
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distance of 130 kms from Ahmedabad and covers an area of 635 sq kms. RIL is the operator and has 100 per cent participating interest in the block. The block has 14 exploratory wells and the company is continuing further exploratory drilling efforts in the block. The company says that, based on the acquired 3D seismic data, there are several more prospects with upside potential have been identified in the contract area.
POLITICAL AFFAIRS
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out the 108th amendment to the Constitution for enabling reservation. The Congress-led UPA, the BJP-led NDA and also the Left parties were on the same side as the Parliament authored the historic move, which could upstage several well ensconced politicians but ensure proper representation of women, which languishes at 11 per cent in Lok Sabha. Main points of the legislation: Seeks to reserve one-third of seats for women in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies. Allocation of reserved seats shall be determined by the authority prescribed by the Parliament. One-third of the total seats reserved for SCs and STs shall be reserved for women from these groups in LS and Assemblies. Reserved seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in the State or Union Territory. Reservation of seats for women shall cease to exist 15 years after the commencement of the Act.
Nuclear Damage Claims Commission, which will have one or more claims commissioners for a specified area. The claims commissioner shall have all the powers of a civil court for the purpose of taking evidence on oath, enforcing attendance of witnesses, compelling the discovery and production of documents and other material objects.
N-liabilities Bill
In an important step towards the implementation of the IndoUS civilian nuclear deal, the Union government is to introduce a Bill to facilitate the entry of American companies in the nuclear sector. The Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Bill, 2009 is commonly known as the nuclear liability Bill. The Bill aims at limiting the liability of a nuclear plant operator to Rs 300 crore in the eventuality of an accident and provides for appointing a claims commissioner with powers of a civil court to arbitrate such cases. It also provides for the penalty to be paid by the operator and not the supplier companies, which would mainly be American in this case. The operator would not be liable for any nuclear damages if the incident is caused by grave national disaster of exceptional character, armed conflict or an act of terrorism and is suffered by the person on account of his own negligence. The Bill also provides for the establishment of the
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ballot on October 14th 2010. India's previous spell in the Security Council was way back in 1992. Almost immediately afterwards India's appointment, Indian agent to the United Nations Hardeep Singh Puri put it straight that New Delhi would make use of this couple of year valid span to build assurance and accord a feeling of aplomb to the five non changing associates (famously known as the P-5) - the United States of America, Russia, Britain, France and China. Considering that Brazil, a running affiliate of the United Nation Security Council, and South Africa and Germany, which got appointed with India, on October 14th were as well in contention for a permanent membership, he stated: 'Of course everybody of us will attempt to bring into play the two years we need to render our allies a feeling of aplomb and formulate trust and faith so that they are at ease with our role playing in the United Nation Security Council on a continued period of time'.
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by Foundation of SAARC Writers and Literature (FOSWAL) in association with Ministry of External Affairs (Govt of India) and Chandigarh Administration. FOSWAL, an apex body of SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation), is the only organization in eight countries including India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Maldives and Afghanistan, legally authorized to hold cultural programmes under the SAARC banner and logo.
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marks an improvement of just one rank between 2005 and 2010 though the report, a special 20th anniversary edition, places India among top 10 performers globally in terms of HDI measured on income growth. The category is led by China. India comes 10th after Botswana, South Korea, Hong Kong, Malaysia and Mauritius. China has improved eight notches (from 2005 to 2010) to secure the 89th position. In South Asia, Nepal has gained five places to reach the 138th rank. Maldives has risen four places to 107; Sri Lanka at 91 too has pipped India in the rankings though Pakistan has lost two ranks to fall to 125, while Bangladesh is up one at 129.
evoke their former occupation in music and dance that is evolving in new and creative ways. Today, women in flowing black skirts dance and swirl, replicating the movements of a serpent, while men accompany them on the khanjari percussion instrument and the poongi, a woodwind instrument traditionally played to capture snakes. The dancers wear traditional tattoo designs, jewellery and garments richly embroidered with small mirrors and silver thread. Kalbelia songs disseminate mythological knowledge through stories, while special traditional dances are performed during Holi, the festival of colours. The songs also demonstrate the poetic acumen of the Kalbelia, who are reputed to compose lyrics spontaneously and improvise songs during performances. Transmitted from generation to generation, the songs and dances form part of an oral tradition for which no texts or training manuals exist. Song and dance are a matter of pride for the Kalbelia community, and a marker of their identity at a time when their traditional travelling lifestyle and role in rural society are diminishing. India - Mudiyettu, ritual theatre and dance drama of Kerala: Mudiyettu is a ritual dance drama from Kerala based on the mythological tale of a battle between the goddess Kali and the demon Darika. It is a community ritual in which the entire village participates. After the summer crops have been harvested, the villagers reach the temple in the early morning on an appointed day. Mudiyettu performers purify themselves through fasting and prayer, then draw a huge image of goddess Kali, called as kalam, on the temple floor with coloured powders, wherein the spirit of the goddess is invoked. This prepares the ground for the lively enactment to follow, in which the divine sage Narada importunes Shiva to contain the demon Darika, who is immune to defeat by mortals. Shiva instead commands that Darika will die at the hand of the goddess Kali. Mudiyettu is performed annually in Bhagavati Kavus, the temples of the goddess, in different villages along the rivers Chalakkudy Puzha, Periyar and Moovattupuzha. Mutual cooperation and collective participation of each caste in the ritual instils and strengthens common identity and mutual bonding in the community. Mudiyettu serves as an important cultural site for transmission of traditional values, ethics, moral codes and aesthetic norms of the community to the next generation, thereby ensuring its continuity and relevance in present times.
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China-Japan spat
China suspended high-level exchanges with Japan on September 19, 2010, and promised tough counter-measures after a Japanese court extended the detention of a Chinese captain whose trawler collided with two Japanese coastguard ships. The spat between Asias two largest economies has flared since Japan arrested the captain, accusing him of deliberately striking a patrol ship and obstructing public officers near uninhabited islets in the East China Sea. Beijing viewed the detention as illegal and invalid.
sures to further bring their people closer, during the visit of Pakistans President Asif Ali Zardari to China in July 2010. The two countries pledged to make joint efforts to fight terrorism, and signed six deals of cooperation in the areas of agriculture, healthcare, justice, media, economy and technology.
Hung in Britain
On May 7, 2010, Britain woke up to a hung Parliament, an election outcome that this country last experienced in 1974 when the then Prime Minister Edward Heath tried and failed to persuade the Liberal Party to join him in a coalition. The Conservatives under David Cameron emerged as the single largest party with 306 seats in the 650-member House of Commons, while Labour bagged 258 and Lib Dems 57. Eight NRIs won elections, four each from the Labour Party and the Conservatives. Likewise four Pakistani-origin MPs, Sadik Khan, Khalid Mahmood, Anas Sarwar and a woman lawyer Shabana Mahmood, were successful on behalf of the Labour Party. The LibDems play an extremely important role in the formation of the next government, although they have not been able to
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attract as many votes as they hoped for. They were expecting to win more than 100 seats, but they had to be satisfied with less than 60. However, despite the poor show, they still hold the trump card and are destined to play the role of king-makers. On May 11, Conservative leader David Cameron, who favours a new special relationship with India, took charge as Britains youngest Prime Minister in nearly 200 years, heading a coalition with the support of centrist LibDems, and vowed to put aside party differences and provide a strong and decisive government. He made Liberal Democrats leader Nick Clegg Deputy Prime Minister.
pencil to create patterns and structures as small as 15 nanometre at greatly reduced cost and complexity. According to the scientists, this patterning technique opens new prospects for developing nanosized objects in fields such as electronics, future chip technology, medicine, life sciences, and opto-electronics. The complete 3D map of the world measuring only 22 by 11 micrometre was written on a polymer. It is composed of 5,00,000 pixels, each measuring 20 NM2, and was created in only 2 minutes and 23 seconds.
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Haryana High Court and a former judge of Andhra Pradesh High Court, Justice P.S. Narayana, have been appointed as members. The Tribunal has been constituted on a request sent by Goa in July 2002, for adjudication of the water disputes with Karnataka relating to Mahadayi River. Maharashtra also stands to benefit from its adjudication. The need for setting up the three-member tribunal was being felt since the Union Ministry of Water Resources had tried to resolve the dispute, but was not successful.
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of Hyderabad. The grand presidential suite at the hotel costs Rs 5 lakh per night.
the third place in terms of clean power project investments worldwide. It is likely to attract 169 billion dollar in wind, solar, small hydro, geothermal and marine energy projects in the next decade. Enhanced clean energy policies would increase private investments in India by 48 per cent, tied with the U.K.
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Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs has informed that no data is available for remittance from the Gulf Countries. This information was given by the Minister of State for Finance, Shri Namo Narain Meena in written reply to a question raised in Rajya Sabha.
shops / trainings etc. Moreover, for making the scheme more farmer friendly, Government has recently, modified the scheme and the Modified NAIS has been approved for implementation on pilot basis in 50 districts from Rabi 2010- 11.
MCD record
Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) has become the first municipal body of India to cash in on cutting down carbon emissions warming the planet. A municipal compost plant in south Delhi, run by the private sector ILFS group, generated a first modest cheque of Rs 5 lakh in carbon emission reduction (CER) credits for its plan to keep more than 9,000 tonnes of carbon over the next 10 years by stopping methane leaks from garbage.
NAIS Coverage
548 districts have so far been covered under National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS). Continued efforts are made to create awareness about ongoing NAIS by the implementing agency i.e. Agriculture Insurance Company (AIC) in coordination with implementing States since its inception. The salient activities for campaign involve the publicity of features and benefits of the scheme through advertisements in leading national/local newspapers, telecast through audio-visual media, distribution of pamphlets, participation in agriculture fairs / mela / gosthi and organization of work-
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to Sunni Waqf Board, Nirmohi Akhara and the party representing Ram Lala Virajman. However, the third judge Justice D.V. Sharma ruled that that the disputed site is the birth place of Lord Ram and that the disputed building constructed by Mughal emperor Babur was built against the tenets of Islam and did not have the character of the mosque. The Bench directed maintenance of status quo at the site for three months and invited suggestions from all the parties for demarcation of the land. The judges also dismissed the claims of the Sunni Central Waqf Board over the Babri Mosque due to limitation or becoming time barred as well as the claim of the Nirmohi Akhara. With a 2-1 majority, the Bench held that all the three parties, namely Muslims, Hindus and Nirmohi Akhara were joint titleholders of the property in dispute. Both Justices Sudhir Aggarwal and SU Khan made it clear that the share of the Muslim parties shall not be less than one third of the total area of the premises. ...If while allotting exact portions some minor adjustment in the share is to be made then the same will be made and the adversely affected party may be compensated by allotting some portion of the adjoining land, observed Justice Khan.
Quashing opposition from the Left Bloc and other critics, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh denied that the Bill was railroaded through the House to serve US interests. This Bill is a completion of a journey to end the nuclear apartheid, which the world had imposed on India in the year 1974, he said. The government managed to bring the BJP on board in return for accepting amendments to the controversial Clause 17(b) and dropping the word intent. The new formulation of 17(b), now states that suppliers would be liable where the accident has resulted as a consequence of an act of a supplier or his employees, done to cause nuclear damage, and such act includes supply of equipment or material with patent or latent defects or sub-standard services. The key points of the Bill are: Controversial Clause 17(b) amended by dropping the word intent. Compensation cap to be paid by the operator at Rs 1500 crore provided in the Bill is not the limit. Compensation will be decided by the Claims Commissioner and the operator will have to pay. Government assumes full liability for even a plant not operated by it. The Bill is necessary for full implementation of civil nuclear deal signed with the USA in 2006.
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cials, bureaucrats, academicians, parliamentarians and trainees at military academies. To be established at an estimated Rs 300 crore, the institute would come up on an area of about 200 acres. A sum of Rs 100 crore has been earmarked for land acquisition. The existing defence educational institutions like the National Defence College, New Delhi, College of Defence Management, Secunderabad, National Staff College, Wellington, and National Defence Academy, Pune, would also be affiliated to the INDU. At present, these institutions are attached to various universities across the country.
citizens, local bodies and State governments for focused action on water conservation and augmentation. Water Mission is one of the eight missions in the National Action Plan on Climate Change launched by the Prime Minister in 2009 to tackle the threats of global warming. The government has already launched Energy Efficient and Solar Mission while a draft of Green Mission has been prepared for public consultation.
Project Saraswati
Under Project Saraswati, which is the first of its kind in India, ONGC proposes to dig deep more than half a kilometreinto
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aquifers along the path the ancient Saraswati river is once believed to have taken.
districts where adult female literacy rate is 50 per cent less as per the 2001 census. The final goal, however, is to take national literacy level from 64 per cent to 80 per cent by 2017, and reduce the gender gap from 21 to 10 per cent. In the first phase, Rajasthan has clinched the maximum number of projects for 31 districts. Close behind is Uttar Pradesh with projects for 26 districts, Andhra Pradesh 18, Gujarat 13 and Uttarakhand five.
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in terms of extreme poverty. Pakistan is the only nation in the sector to have achieved the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of cutting poverty by half between 1990 and 2015. It had 73 per cent of the people in extreme poverty 15 years ago; it now has 22.6 per cent as against its MDG target of 29.3 per cent. India is lagging on the front, and must have an annual poverty reduction rate of 4.7 per cent (between 2005 and 2015) against 1.4 between 1990 and 2005 if it wants to meet the MDG target of 27 per cent; so far it has touched only 41.6 per cent. Rural India has 43.8 per cent of the people in extreme poverty as against 36.2 per cent in urban areas.
participation in politics and decision-making, their representation in Parliament and legislatures and their control over economic resources. Gendering Human Development Index in India, released by Women and Child Development Ministry, claims GEM score of 0.497 in 2006 against 0.416 in 1996. Delhi has the highest GEM score and Nagaland the lowest. The highest GEM scorers in India are Andaman and Nicobar, Puducherry, Goa, Andhra and Himachal. The best performers on political participation of women are Punjab, Andaman and Nicobar, Himachal and Haryana. On economic empowerment of women, Chandigarh, Goa, Delhi and Punjab are the best, but in terms of control of economic resources, Meghalaya stands on top.
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As I Lay Dying As You Like It Ashtadhyayi Asian Drama Aspects of the Novel Assignment Colombo Assignment India Atoms of Hope August 1914 August Coup Authors Farce Autumn Leaves Avanti Sundari Babbit Baburnama Baby and Child Back to Methuselah Bandicoot Run Bang-i-Dara Jawaharlal Nehru David Selbourne Norman Mailer Willem Doevenduin George Orwell Count Leo Tolstoy Derek Walcott Aldous Huxley Aldous Huxley George Bernad Shaw Sir Richard Burton V.S. Naipaul Vikram Seth Elia Kazan Arthur Koestler Arthur Koestler Joseph Conrad Sinclair Lewis Kautilya Banyan Tree Beach Boy Beast and Man Beating the Street Beloved Ben Hur Bermuda Triangle Between the Lines Beyond Peace Bhagwat Gita Bharal Aur Europe Bharat Bharati Big Fisherman Big Money Bill the Conqueror Billy Birth of Europe Bisarjan Athenian Constitution Ascent of the Everest William Faulkner William Shakespeare Sir John Hunt Panini Gunnar Myrdal E.M. Forster J.N. Dixit Aristotle Bitter Sweet Black Arrow Black Diaspora Black Sheep Black Tulip Bleak House Blind Ambitions Blind Beauty Bloodline Blood Sport Blue Bird Bone People Book of the Sword Born Free Bostaan Breaking the Silence Breakthrough Brif History of Time Britains True History Broken Wings Bubble Buddha Charitam Bunch of Old Letters Bureaucrazy Butterfield 8 By Gods Decree Byzantium Caesar and Cleopatra Call the Briefing Cancer Ward Canterbury Tales Canvass of Life Caravans Cardinal Castle Catch-22 Catcher in the Rye Centennial Chance Chandalika Noel Coward Robert Louis Stevenson Ronald Segal Honore de Balzac Alexander Dumas Charles Dickens John Dean Boris Pasternak Sidney Sheldon James Stewart Maurice Macterlink Keri Hulme Sir Richard Burton Joy Adamson Sheikh Saadi Anees Jung Gen.Moshe Dayan Stephen Hawking Prem Bhatia Sarojini Naidu Mulk Raj Anand Ashvaghosha Jawaharlal Nehru M.K. Kaw John OHara Kapil Dev W.B. Yeats G.B. Shaw Martin Fitzwater Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn G.Chaucer Sheila Gujral James A. Michener Henry M. Robinson Franz Kafka Joseph Heller J.D. Salinger James Michener Joseph Conrad Rabindranath Tagore
BOOKS - AUTHORS
Authors V.S. Naipaul Satish Gujral I.K. Gujral Tiziano Terzani Alien Nation All for Love
Books A Bend in the river A Brush with Life A Foreign Policy for India A Fortune Teller Told Me A Peep into the Past A Possible India A Reveolutionary Life A Secular Agenda A Simple Path A Suitable Boy A Tale of Two Gardens A Tryst With Destiny Abbot Absalom, Absalom Absalom and Achitophel Acoession to Extinction Adam Bede Adhe Adhure Adonis Adventures of Tom Sawyer Adversary in the House Advice and Consent Aeneid Affluent Society After All These Years After the Dark Night Against the Grain Age of Reason Agni Pariksha Agni Veena Agony and the Ecstasy Airport Ajatshatru Alaska Unbound Alchemist
Lawrence Durrel John Gunther Lewis Carroll Peter Brimelow John Dryden Pearl S.Buck Aldous Huxley Anita Brookner Amar Singh J.K. Galbraith Chester Bowles Henry Fielding J.K. Galbraith Gunnar Myrdal Robert Louis
Vasant Navrekar Partha Chatterjee Laxmi Sehgal Arun Shourie Lucinda Vardey Vikram Seth Octavio Paz Stanley Wolfer Walter Scott William Faulkner John Dryden D.R. Mankekar George Eliot Mohan Rakesh P.B. Shelley Mark Twain lrving Stone Allen Drury Virgil J.K.Galbraith Susan Issacs S.M. Ali Boris Yeltsin Jean Paul Sartre Acharya Tulsi Kazi Nazrul Islam Irving Stone Arthur Hailey Jai Shankar Prasad James Michener Ben Johnson
All Under Heaven Along the Road Altered States Amar Kosh Ambassadors Journal Ambassadors Report Amelia American Capitalism An American Dilemma An Apology for Idlers Stevenson An Autobiography An Eye to China Ancient Evenings Angry Letters Animal Farm Anna Karenina Another Life Antic Hay Ape and Essence Apple Cart Arabian Nights Area of Darkness Arion and the Dolphin Arrangement Arrival and Departure Arrow in the Blue Arrow of Good Arrowsmith Arthashastra
Alexander Solzhenitsyn Mikhali S. Gorbachev Henry Fielding O.Pulla Reddi Dandin Sinclair Lewis Babur Penelope Leach G.B. Shaw Manohar Malgonkar Mohammad lqbal Hugh Tinker Ardesher Vakil Murry Midgley Peter Lynch Toni Morrison Lewis Wallace Charles Berlitz Bill Clinton Kuldip Nayar Richard Nixon Veda Vyas Nirmal Verma Maithili Sharan Gupta Lloyd C. Douglas P.G. Wodehouse P.G. Wodehouse Albert French Robert, S. Lopez R.N. Tagore
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Cherry Orchard Anton Chekhov Chidambara Sumitranandan Pant Child Who Never Grew Pearl S. Buck Childhood Maxim Gorky Children of Gabelawi Naquib Mahfouz Children of the Sun Maxim Gorky China Passage J.K. Galbraith China-Past and Present Pearl S. Buck Chinas Watergate Leo Goodstadt Chinese Betrayal B.N. Mullick Chitra Rabindranath Tagore Chomas Drum K. Shivaram Karanath Christabel Samuel Taylor Coleridge Christmas Tales Charles Dickens Chithirappaavai P.V. Akilandam City of Joy Dominique Lapierre City of Saints Sir Richard Burton Class Erich Segal Climate of Treason Andrew Boyle Clockwork Orange Anthony Burgess Clown Heinrich Boll Cocktail Party T.S. Eliot Colonel Sun Kingsley Amis Common Sense Thomas Paine Communist Manifesto Karl Marx Confessions J.J.Rousseau Confessions of a Lover Mulk Raj Anand Comus John Milton Confidential Clerk T.S. Eliot Conquest of Self Mahatma Gandhi Conservationist Nadine Gordimer Continent of Circle Nirad C.Chaudhuri Coolie Mulk Raj Anand Coup John Updike Court Dancer Rabindranath Tagore Coverly Papers Joseph Addison Cranford Mrs. Gaskell Creation Gore Vidal Crescent Moon Rabindranath Tagore Crescent Over Kashmir Anil Maheshwari Cricket on the Hearth Charles Dickens Crisis in India Ronald Segal Critical Mass William E. Burrows Critique of Pure Reason Immanuel Kant Crossing in River Caryl Phillips Crown and the Loincloth Chaman Nahal Crown of Wild Olive John Ruskin Cry, My Beloved Country Alan Patan Cuckold Kiran Nagar Kar Culture and Anarchy Matthew Arnold Curtain Raisers K. Natwar Singh Damsel in Distress P.G. Wodehouse Dancing with the Devil Rod Barker Dangling Man Saul Bellow Daniel Deronda Geroge Eliot Dark Room R.K. Narayan Dark Debts Karen Hall Dark Home Coming Eric Lustbader Dark Side of Camelot Seymour Hersh Darkness at Noon Arthur Koestler Das Kapital Karl Marx Dashkumar Charitam Dandi Daughter of the East Benazir Bhutto David Copperfield Charles Dickens Day in Shadow Nayantara Sehgal Day of the Jackal Frederick Forsyth Days of his Grace Eyvind Johnson Days of My Yers H.P. Nanda De Profundis Oscar Wilde Deans December Saul Bellow Death and After Annie Besant Death Be Not Proud John Gunther Death in the Castle Pearl S. Buck Death in Venice Thomas Mann Death of a City Amrita Pritam Death of a Patriot R.E. Harrington Death on the Nile Agatha Christie Death of a Salesman Arthur Miller Death Under sail C.P. Snow Debacle Emile Zola Decameron Giovannie Boccaccio Decline of the West O Spengler Democracy Redeemed V.K. Narsimhan Descent of Man Charles Darwin Deserted Village Oliver Goldsmith Desperate Remedies Thomas Hardy Detective Arthur Hailey Dharmashastra Manu Dialogue with Death Arthur Koestler Diana-The Story So Far Julia Donelli Diana-The True Story Andrew Morton Diana Versus Charles James Whitaker Die Blendung Elias Canetti Diplomacy Henry Kissinger Disappearing Acts Terry McMillan Discovery of India Jawaharlal Nehru Distant Drums Manohar Malgonkar Distant Neighbours Kuldip Nayar Divine Comedy A.Dante Divine Life Swami Sivananda Doctor Faustus Christopher Marlowe Doctors Dilemma G.B.Shaw Dolls House lbsen Dolly-The Birth of a Clone Jina Kolata Don Juan George Byron Don Quixote Cervantes Double Betrayal Paula R. Newburg Double Helix J.D. Watson Double Tongue William Golding Double Teeth U.B. Sinclair Earth Emile Zola Earth Mother Pupul Jayakar East of Eden B.N. Mullick East West Salman Rushdie East Wind Pearl S. Buck Edwina and Nehru Catherine Clement Egmont J.W. Von Goethe Eight Lives Rajmohan Gandhi Emile J.J. Rousseau Eminent Churchillians Andrew Roberts Emma Jane Austen Ends and Means Aldous Huxley End of an Era C.S. Pandit End of the Chapter John Forsyte Enemies Maxim Gorky Envoy to Nehru Escott Reid
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Erewhon Samuel Butler Escape John Forsyte Eassay on Life Samuel Butler Essays in Criticism Matthew Arnold Essays On Gita Aurobindo Ghosh Essays of Elia Charles Lamb Eternal India Indira Gandhi Eternity Anwar Shaikh Ethics Aristotle Europa Time Parks Eugenie Grandet Honore de Balzac Everlasting Man G.K. Chesterton Executioners Song Norman Mailer Exile and the Kingdom Albert Camus Eye of the Storm Patrick White Eyeless in Gaza Aldous Huxley Fairie Queene Edmund Spencer Fall of a Sparrow Salim Ali Family Reunion T.S.Eliot Famished Road Ben Okri Far Pavilions M.M.Kaye Faraway Music Svetlana Allilueva Farewell to the Trumpets James Morris Farewell to a Ghost Manoj Das Farewell to Arms Ernest Hemingway Farm House George Orwell Fasana-i-Azad Ratan Nath Sarkar Fathers and Sons lvan Turgenev Faust J.W. Von Goethe Faustus Chirstopher Marlow Fidelio L.Beethoven Fiesta Ernest Hemingway Fifth Column Ernest Hemingway Final Passage Caryl Phillips Fine Balance Rohinton Mistry Fire Next Time James Baldwin First Circle Alexander Solzhenitsyn Flags in the Dust William Faulkner Flames from the Ashes P.D. Tandon Flounder Gunder Grass Follywood Flashback Bunny Reuben Forbidden Sea Tara Ali Baig
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Forsyte Saga John Galsworthy Fortynine Days Amrita Pritam Franklins Tale Geoffrey Chaucer Fraternity John Forsyte Free Mans Worship Bertrand Russell French Revolution Thomas Carlyle Freedom from Fear Aung San Suu Kyi French Leave P.G. Wodehouse Friends, Not Masters Ayub Khan From Hero to Eternity James Jones Frozen Assets P.G. Wodehouse Full Moon P.G.Wodehouse Future of NPT Savita Pande Gambler Fyodor Dostoevsky Gandhi and Stalin Louis Fisher Gardener Rabindra Nath Tagore Garrick Year Margaret Drabble Gathering Storm Winston Churchill Geeta Govind Jaya Dev Ghasiram Kotwal Vijay Tendulkar Ghosts in the Machine Arthur Koestler Girl in Blue P.G. Wodehouse Girl On the Boat P.G. Wodehouse Gita Rahasya Bal Gangadhar Tilak Gitanjali Rabindra Nath Tagore Gladiators Arthur Koestler Go Down Moses William Faulkner Goa Asif Currimbhoy God and the Bible Mattew Arnold Godan Munshi Prem Chand Godfather Mario Puzo Gold Bat P.G. Wodehouse Golden Borough James Frazer Golden Gate Vikram Seth Golden Threshold Sarojini Naidu Gone Away Dom Moraes Gone with the Wind Margaret Mitchell Good Earth Pearl S.Buck Goodbye, Mr Chips James Hilton Gora Rabindra Nath Tagore Grace Notes Bernard Mac Lavarto Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck Grapes and the Wind Pablo Neruda Great Challenge Louis Fischer Great Depression of 1990 Ravi Batra Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald Great lllusion Norman Angell Great Tragedy Z.A. Bhutto Grey Eminence Aldous Huxley Grub Street Henry Fielding Guide R.K. Narayan Gulistan Boston Sheikh Saadi Gullivers Travels Jonathan Swift Gurusagaram O.V. Vijayan Gypsy(poem) Pushkin Hamlet William Shakespeare Hard Times Charles Dickens Harsha Charita Bana Bhatt Hamsters C.P. Snow Handful of Dust Evelyn Waugh Happy Death Albert Camus Harlot High and Low Honore de Balzac Harvest Majula Padmanabhan Heart of Darkness Joseph Conrad Heat and Dust Ruth Prawer Jhabwala Heavy Weather P.G. Wodehouse Henderson the Rain King Saul Bellow Heritage Anthony West Hero of Our Times Richard Hough Heroes and Hero worship Thomas Carlyle Henry Esmond Thackeray Heir Apparent Dr. Karan Singh Higher than Hope Fatima Meer Himalayan Blunder Brig J.P. Dalvi Hindu View of Life Dr. S.Radhakrishnan Hitopadesh R.K.Narayan Hind Swaraj M.K.Gandhi Hindu Civilisation J.M. Barrie Hinduism Nirad C.Choudhury His Excellency Emile Zola Home Comings C.P. Snow Hornets Nest Patricia Cornwell Hot Water P.G. Wodehouse House for Mr. Biswas V.S. Naipaul
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House of Spirits Isabel Allende House Divided Pearl S. Buck Human Factor Graham Greene Human Knowledge Bertrand Russell Humboldts Gift Saul Bellow Humour Ben Johnson Hungry Stones Rabindra Nath Tagore I am not an Island K.A Abbas I Dare Parmesh Dangwal I follow the Mahatma K.M. Munshi Idylls of the King Tennyson Idiot Fyodor Dostoevsky Idols Sunil Gavaskar If I am Assassinated Z.A. Bhutto Imperial Woman Pearl S. Buck In Confidence Anatolyu Dobrynin In Evil Hour Gabriel Garcia Marquez In Search of Identity Anwar el-Sadat In the Bluest Eye Toni Morrison In the Shadow of Pines Mandeep Rai India discovered John Keay India is for Sale Chitra Subramaniam India of Our Dreams M.V. Kamath India Today Rajni Palme Dutt India We Left Hymphry Trevelyan Indian Home Rule M.K. Gandhi Indian Philosophy Dr.S.Radhakrishnan Indias China War Neville Maxwell Century & Beyond Sandy Gordon Indian Mansions Sarah Tiloston India Changes Taya Zinkin India Divided Rajendra Prasad Indian Muslims Prof. Mohd.Mujeeb India, the Critial Years Kuldip Nayar Indo-Pakistan Conflict Russen Brines Indica Megasthenes Indiras India S.Nihal Singh Inferno Alighieri Dante Inner Circle Jonathan First Inside the CBI Joginder Singh Inside the Third Reich Albert Spencer Insider P.V. Narasimha Rao In Memoriam Tennyson Inside Asia John Gunther Inside Europe John Gunther Inside Africa John Gun ther Interpreters Wole Soyinka Intimacy Jean Paul Sartre Intruder in the Dust William Faulkner Invisible Man H.G. Wells Iron in the Soul Jean Paul Sartre Ironhand J.W. Von Goethe Isabella John Keats It is Always Possible Kiran Bedi Ivanov Anton Chekhov Ivanhoe Sir Walter Scott Marriage Chirstopher Anderson Jai Somnath K.M. Munshi Jaguar Smile Salman Rushdie Jajar, Churashir Maa Mahashweta Devi Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte Jankijeevanam Prof. Rajendra Mishra Jazz Toni Morrison Jean Christopher Romain Rolland Jewel Danielle Steel Jhoota Sach Yashpal Jobs for Millions V.V. Giri Joke Milan Kundra Judges Miscellany M. Hidayatullah Julius Caesar William Shakespeare Jurassic Park Michael Crichton Jungle Book Rudyard Kipling Junglee Girl Ginu Kamani Kadambari Bana Bhatt Kamadhenu Kubernath Ray Kamasutra Vatsyayan Kagaz Te Kanwas Amrita Pritam Kamayani Jai Shankar Pandit Kaleidoscope of India Tomoji Muto Kali Aandhi Kamleshwar Kanthapura Raja Rao Kanyadaan Vijay Tendulkar Katghare Main Ram Sharan Joshi Kayakalp Munshi Prem Chand
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Kayar Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai Keepers of the Keys Milan Kundera Kenilworth Sir Walter Scott Killer Angels Michael Shaara Kissinger Years T.N. Kaul Kidnapped R.L. Stevenson Kiratarjuniya Bharavi Kim Rudyard Kipling King Lear Shakespeare Kipps H.G.Wells Koraner Nari Taslima Nasreen Kore Kagaz Amrita Pritam Kubla Khan S.T. Coleridge Kulliyat Ghalib Kumar Sambhava Kalidas La Divine Comedia A. Dante La Peste Albert Camus Lady of the Lake Sir Walter Scott Lady with the Lapdog Anton Chekhov Lady Chatterlys Lover D.H.Lawrence Lajja Taslima Nasreen Lal Bahadur Shastri C.P. Srivastava Last Analysis Saul Bellow Last Orders Graham Swift Last Phase Pyare Lal Last Things C.P. Snow Laws Versus Justice V.R. Krishna lyer Leaders Richard Nixon Leaves of Grass Walt Whitman Lead Kindly Light Cardinal Newman Les Miserables Victor Hugo Latter from Peking Peral S. Buck Letters From the Field Margaret Mead Leviathan Thomas Hobbes Liberty or Death Patrick French Light That Failed Rudyard Kipling Life Divine Aurobindo Ghosh Life is Elsewhere Milan Kundera Lines of Fate Mark Kharitonov Lipika Rabindranath Tagore Living Room Graham Greene Long Walk to Freedom Nelson Mandela Look Back in Anger John Osborne Lord Jim Joseph Conrad Lord of the Files William Golding Lost Child Mulk Raj Anand Lost Honour John Dean Lost lllusion Honore de Balzac Lotus Eaters A.Tennyson Love in A Blue Time Hanif Khureshi Lolita V.Nabokov Lycidas John Milton Macbeth William Shakespeare Magic Mountain Thomas Mann Mahabharata Vyasa Malati Madhav Bhavabhuti Magic Fishbone Charles Dickens Magnificent Maharaja K.Natwar Singh Mahatma Gandhi Girija Kumar Mathur Major Barbara George Bernard Shaw Malavikagnimitra Kalidas Main Street Sinclair Lewis Man, The Unknown Lewis Carroll Man and Superman G.B. Shaw Man for Moscow G.Lynne Man of Property John Galsworthy Man, Beast and Virtue Luigi Pirandello Man eaters of Kumaon Jim Corbett Marriage and Morals Bertrand Russell Mama Terry McMillan Man for All Seasons Robert Bolt Mandarin Simon de Beauvoir Mansfield Park Jane Austen Many Worlds K.P.S. Menon Masters C.P. Snow Mati Matal Gopinath Mohanty Maurice E.M. Forster Mayor of Casterbridge Thomas Hardy Meghdoot Kalidas Mein Kampf Adolf Hitler Momories of Hope Charles de Gaulle Meri Rehen Meri Manzil Krishna Puri Middle March George Eliot Middle Ground Margaret Drabble Midnights Children Salman Rushdie Mill on the Floss George Eliot Million Mutinies Now V.S. Naipaul Mirror of the Sea Joseph Conrad Miser Moliere Mistaken identity Nayantara Sehgal Moby Dick Herman Melville Modern Painters John Ruskin Mother India Katherine Mayo Mod Classics Joseph Conrad Moonlight Sonata L.Beethoven Moonwalk Michael Jackson Moors Last Sigh Salman Rushdie Mother Maxim Gorky Mritunjaya Shivaji Sawant Mrs. De Winter Susah Hill
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Much Ado About Nothing Shakespeare Mudra rakshasa Vishakhadatta Murder in the Cathedral T.S. Eliot Murky Business Honore de Balzac Murder of Aziz Khan Zulfikar Ghose My Days R.K. Narayan My Early Life M.K. Gandhi My Experiment With Truth M.K. Gandhi My Life and Times V.V.Giri My Own Boswell M.Hidayatullah My Father, Deng Xiaoping Xiao Rong My India S. Nihal Singh My Music, My Love Ravi Shankar My Presidential Years R.Venkataraman My Truth Indira Gandhi Mysterious Universe James Jeans My Several Worlds Pearl S. Buck My Sons Father Dom Moraes My South Block Years J.N. Dixit My Struggles E.K. Nayanar Myths of sisyphus Albert Camus My Prison Diary J.P Narayan Naari Humayun Azad Nana Emile Zola Naganandan Harsha Vardhana Naku Thanthi D.R. Bendre Nacked Face Sydney Sheldon Naked Triangle Balwant Gargi Nehru Family and Sikhs Harbans Singh Netaji-Dead or Alive Samar Guha Never At Home Dom Moraes Nice Guys Finish Second B.K. Nehru Nicholas Nickelby Charles Dickens Night Manager John le Carre Nile Basin Sir Richard Burton Nine Days Wonder John Mansfield Nisheeth Uma Shankar Joshi Niti-Sataka Bhartrihari Nineteen Eighty-Four George Orwell 1999-Victory Without War Richard Nixon Nirbashita Narir Kabita Taslima Nasreen North Seamus Heanev Northanger Abbey Jane Austen Nothing Like The Sun Anthony Burgess No Full stops in India Mark Tully Nursery Alice Lewis Carroll Occasion for Loving Nadine Gordimer Odessa File Frederick Forsyth Odakkuzal G.Shankara Kurup Odyssey Homer Oh, Le Beaux Jours Samuel Beckett Old Curiosity Shop Charles Dickens Old Goriot Honore de Balzac Old Man and the Sea Ernest Hemingway Old Path: white Clouds Thich Nht Hanh Olivers Story Erich Segal Oliver Twist Erich Segal Oliver Twist Charles Dickens Omeros Derek Walcott On History Eric Hobswan One-eyed Uncle Laxmikant Mahapatra One World to Share Sridath Ramphal One Upmanship Stephen Potter One World and India Arnold Toynbee One World Wendell Wilkie Only One Year Svetlana Operation Shylock Philip Roth Origin of Species Charles Darwin Oru Desathinte Katha S.K. Pottekatt Other Side of Midnight Sydney Sheldon Othello Shakespeare Our Films, Their Films Satyajit Ray Our India Minoo Masani Out of Dust F.D. Karaka Padmavati Malik Mohammed Jayasi Painted Veil W. Somerset Maugham Painter of Signs R.K. Narayan Pair of Blue Eyes Thomas Hardy Pakistan Crisis David Loshak Pakistan Papers Mani Shankar Aiyer Panchtantra Vishnu Sharma Paradise Lost John Milton Pakistan Cut to Size D.R. Mankekar Paradiso Alighieri Dante Paradise Regained John Milton Passage to England Nirad C.Chaudhuri Passage to India E.M. Forster Past and Present Thomas Carlyle Past Forward G.R. Narayanan Path to Power Margaret Thatcher Patriot Pearl S. Buck Pavilion of Women Pearl S. Buck Peculiar Music Emily Bronte Peter Pan J.M. Barrie Persuasion Jane Austen Pickwick Papers Charles Dickens Pilgrims Progress John Bunyan Pinjar Amrita Pritam Plague Albert Camus Plans for Departure Nayantara Sehgal
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Pleading Guilty Scott Turow Poison Belt Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Politics Aristotle Portrait of India Ved Mehta Possessed Albert Camus Post Office Rabindranath Tagore Power and Glory Graham Greene Power That Be David Halberstan Prathama Pratishruti Ashapurna Devi Prem Pachisi Prem Chand Prelude William Wordsworth Premonitions P.N. Haksar Princess in Love Ann Pasternak Prison Diary Jayaprakash Narayan Prisoner of Zenda Anthony Hope Prisoners Scrapbook L.K. Advani Primary Colors Anonymous Prince Machiavelli Prithviraj Raso Chand Bardai Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen Principia Isaac Newton Professor Charlotte Bronte Profiles & Letters K. Natwar Singh Promises to Keep Chester Bowles Purgatory Alighieri Dante Pyramids of Sacrifice Peter L.Berger Pygmation G.B. Shaw Quarantene Jim Crass Rabbit, Run John Updike Rage of Angels Sydney Sheldon Ragtime E.L. Doctorow Raghuvamsa Kalidas Rajtarangini Kalhana Ram Charit Manas Tulsidas Rangbhoomi Prem Chand Rains Came Louis Bromefield Rain King Saul Bellow Rainbow Pearl S. Buck Rape of the Lock Alexander Pope Ratnavali Harsha Vardhan Razors Edge Somerset Maugham Rebel Albert Camus Rebirth Leonid Brezhnev Red and Black Stendhal Red Star Over China Edgar Snow Rediscovering Gandhi Yogesh Chadha Red Badge of Courage Stephen Crane Remembering Babylon David Malouf Reminiscences Thomas Carlyle Reminiscences Thomas Carlyle Reprieve Jean Paul Sartre Republic Plato Rescue Joseph Conrad Resurrection Leo Tolstoy Return of the Native Thomas Hardy Revenue Stamp Amrita Pritam Rich Like Us Nayantara Sehgal Riding the Storm Harold MacMillan Rights the Man Thomas Paina Ritu Ka Pehla Phool Vijendra Ritu Samhara Kalidas Rivals R.B. Sheridan River Sutra Gita Mehta Road to Folly Leslie Ford Road to Freedom K.K. Khullar Robe Lloyd C. Douglas Robinson Crusoe Daniel Defoe Romeo and Juliet William Shakespeare Room at the Top John Braine Roots Rukh Te Rishi Harbhajan Singh Sader-i-Riyasat Karan Singh Sakharam Binder Vijay Tendulkar Saket Maithili Sharan Gupta Satyartha Prakash Swami Dayanand Smalers Planet Saul Bellow Sanctuary William Faulkner Sands of Time Sidney Sheldon Santa Evita Tomas Eloymartinez Satanic Verses Salman Rushdie Savitri Aurobindo Ghosh Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne Scarlet Pimpernel Baroness Orczy Schindlrs List Thomas Keneally School for Scandal R.B. Sheridan Search for Home Sasthi Brata Second World War Winston Churchill Secret Agent Joseph Conrad Sense of Time S.H. Vatsyayan Sesame and Lilies John Ruskin Seven Summers Mulk Raj Anand
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Tale of a Tub Jonathan Swift Tale of Two Cities Charles Dickens Tales from Shakespeare Charles Lamb Talisman Sir Walter Scott Tamas Bhisham Sahni Tar Baby Toni Morrison Tarkash Javed Akhtar Temple Tiger Jim Corbett Tess of DUrbervilles Thomas Hardy Thank You, Jeeves P.G. Wodehouse The Age of Extremes Eric Holsbawm The Assassination K. Mohandas The Agony and Ecstasy Irving Stone The Beach Tree Pearl S. Buck The Commitments Roddy Doyle The Cardinal Henry Morton Robinson The Chinese Betrayal B.N. Mullick The Congress Splits R.P. Rao The Diplomatic Bag John Ure Ugly Duckling H.C. Anderson Ulysses James Joyce Uncle Toms Cabin Mrs.Hariet Stowe Unconsoled Kazuo Ishiguro Under Western Eye Joseph Conrad Unhappy India Lala Lajpat Rai Universe Around Us James Jeans Until Darkness Parvin Ghaffari Utouchable Mulk Raj Anand Upturned Soil Mikhail Sholokov Uttar Ramcharita Bhava Bhuti Utopia Thomas More Unto This Last John Ruskin Untold Story Gen.B.M.Kaul Valley of Dolls Jacqueline Susanne Vanity Fair Thackeray Vendor of Sweets R.K.Narayan Venisamhara Narayana Bhatt Very Old Bones William Kennedy Victim Saul Bellow Victory Joseph Conrad View from Delhi Chester Bowles View from the UN U Thant Village by the Sea Anita Desai Village Mulk Raj Anand Vinay Patrika Tulsidas Maithili Sharan Gupta Virangana Virginians William Thackeray Voice of Conscience V.V. Giri Voice of Freedom Nayantara Sehgal Voice of the Voiceless Rutsh Harring Waiting for Godot Samuel Becket Waiting to Exhale Terry McMillan Wake up India Annie Besant Walls of Glass K.A. Abbas War and Peace Tolstoy War of the Worlds H.G.Wells Waste Land T.S. Eliot Way of the World William Congreve We, Indians Khushwant Singh We, the People N.A. Palkhivala Wealth of Nations Adam Smith Week with Gandhi Louis Fischer West Wind Pearl S. Buck Westward Ho Charles Kingsley While England Sleeps David Leavitt Whispers of the Desert Fatima Bhutto White House Years Henry Kissinger Widening Divide Rafiq Zakaria Wild Asss Skin Honore de Balzac Winston Churchill Clive Ponting Witness to History Prem Bhatia Witness to an Era Frank Moraes Womans Life Guy de Maupassant World Within Words Stephen Spender Worthy it is Odysseus Elytis Wuthering Heights Emily Bronte Yajnaseni Dr. Pratibha Roy Yama Mahadevi Verma Yashodhara Maithili Sharan Gupta Yayati V.S. Khandekar Year of the Upheaval Henry Kissinger Year of the Vulture Amita Malik Years of Pilgrimage Dr.Raja Ramanna Yesterday and Today K.P.S. Menon Zulfi, My Friend Piloo Mody
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IMPORTANT DAYS
March 23 March 24 March 25 March 27 April 2 April 4 April 7 April 14 April 16 April 17 April 21 April 22 April 23 April 24 April 25 April 26 April 28 April 29 May 1 May 2 May 3 May 4 May 5 May 6 May 7 May 8 May 12 May 15 May 17 May 18 May 19 May 21 May 22 May 23
1 1 4 6
January 24 January 27 January 28 January 29 February 2 February 4 February 6 February 11 February 12 February 14 February 20 February 21 February 22 March 4 March 6 March 8 March 8 March 14 March 15 March 15 March 20 March 20 March 21 March 21 March 22
Global Family Day World Day of Peace World Hypnotism Day World day for War orphans 3rd Sunday of January - World Religion Day National girl child day of India International Holocaust Remembrance Day Data Protection Day World Leprosy Day World Wetlands Day World Cancer Day International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mutilation World Day of the Sick Darwin Day Valentines Day World Day of Social Justice International Mother Language Day International Scouts Day World Kamau's Day Dentist's Day United Nations Day for Women's Rights and International Peace International Women's Day International Day of Action for Rivers World Day of Muslim Culture, Peace, Dialogue and Film World Consumer Rights Day International Day of the Francophonie World Day of Theatre for Children and Young People International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination World Poetry Day World Day for Water
- World Meteorological Day - International Day for Achievers, World Tuberculosis Day - International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade - World Theatre Day - World Autism Awareness Day - International Day for Mine Awareness - World Health Day - Cultural Unity Day, recognized by India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bangladesh and Nepal. - World Entrepreneurship Day (WED) site - World Hemophilia Day - World Creativity and Innovation Day - Earth Day - World Book and Copyright Day - World Day for Laboratory Animals - World Malaria Day - World Intellectual Property Day - International Workers' Memorial Day - World Dance Day - May Day - Labour Day - International Day of Deliberately Unemployed - World Press Freedom Day - International Firefighters' Day - International Midwives Day - International Awareness Day for Osteogenesis Imperfecta - Rabindranath Tagore's Anniversary Day - World Red Cross & Red Crescent Day - International Nurses Day - International Day of Families - World Information Society Day - International Museum Day - World Hepatitis Day - World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development - International Day for Biological Diversity - World Turtle Day
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May 29 - International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers May 31 - World No Tobacco Day 1st Tuesday of May - World Asthma Day 2nd Saturday of May - World Fair Trade Day 2nd Sunday of May - International Mothers' Day June 1 - International Children's Day June 4 - International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression June 5 - World Environment Day June 8 - World Brain Tumour Day June 8 - World Ocean Day June 12 - World Day Against Child Labour June 14 - World Blood Donor Day June 17 - World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought June 18 - International Picnic Day June 19 - World Sickle Cell Day June 20 - World Refugee Day June 21 - World Music Day June 23 - United Nations Public Service Day June 26 - International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking June 26 - International Day in Support of Victims of Torture 3rd Sunday of June - International Fathers' Day July 1 - Doctor's Day, Bidhan Chandra Roy Birth Day 1st Saturday of July - International Day of Cooperatives July 1 - International Reggae Day - Jamaica July 7 - International Cooperative Day July 8 - Writer's Day July 11 - World Population Day July 23 - World Stress Down Day August 9 - International Day of the World's Indigenous People August 12 - International Youth Day August 13 - International Lefthanders Day August 19 - World Humanitarian Day August 23 - International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition September 8 - International Literacy Day
10 - World Suicide Prevention Day 11 - World First Aid Day 15 - International Day of Democracy 16 - International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer September 19 - International Talk Like a Pirate Day September 21 - International Day of Peace, recognized by the UN September 21 - World Alzheimer's Day September 26 - European Day of Languages September 27 - World Tourism Day September 28 - Right to Know Day September 28 - World Rabies Day First Monday of October - World Habitat Day October 1 - International Day of Older Persons October 1 - World Vegetarian Day October 2 - International Day of Non-Violence October 3 - World Smile Day October 4 - World Animal Day October 5 - World Teachers' Day Second Wednesday of October - International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction October 9 - World Hospice and Palliative Care Day October 8 - World Humanitarian Action Day October 8 - World Egg Day - 2nd Friday of October every year October 9 - World Post Day October 9 - Global Jamie Day October 10 - World Mental Health Day October 10 - World Day Against Death Penalty October 14 - World Standards Day October 15 - World Blind Day / World Sight Day October 15 - International Day of Rural Women October 15 - Global Handwashing Day October 16 - National Boss Day (Boss's Day) October 16 - World Food Day, recognized by the UN October 17 - International Day for the Eradication of Poverty
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October 20 - International Day of the Air Traffic Controller October 20 - World Statistics Day October 24 - United Nations Day, recognized by the UN October 24 - World Development Information Day October 27 - World Day for Audiovisual Heritage Third Sunday of November - World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims November 1 - World Vegan Day November 6 - International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict November 8 - Paul S Day November 9 - World Freedom Day November 10 - World Immunization Day November 14 - World Diabetes Day November 16 - International Day for Tolerance November 17 - International Students Day November 19 - International Men's Day November 19 - World Toilet Day November 20 - Africa Industrialization Day November 20 - Universal Children's Day November 21 - World Hello Day November 21 - World Television Day November 25 - International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women November 25 - International Meatless Day November 30 - Computer Security Day December 1 - World Aids Day December 2 - International Day for the Abolition of Slavery December 3 - International Day of Persons with Disabilities December 5 - International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development December 7 - International Civil Aviation Day December 9 - The International Day against Corruption December 10 - Human Rights Day December 11 - International Mountain Day
16 - International Hug a Recovered Invalid Day 17 - International Rabbit's Day 18 - International Migrants Day, recognized by the UN 19 - United Nations Day for South-South Cooperation 20 - International Human Solidarity Day
Important Weeks
March 2127 - Week of Solidarity with the Peoples Struggling against Racism and Racial Discrimination May 2531 - Week of Solidarity with the Peoples of Non-SelfGoverning Territories 4th week of September - International Peace Week October 410 - World Space Week October 2430 - Disarmament Week
Important Years
1961 1965 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1974 1975 1979 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 International Health and Medical Research Year International Cooperation Year International Tourist Year International Year for Human Rights International Year of Love International Education Year International Year for Action to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination World Population Year International Women's Year International Year of the Child International Year of Disabled Persons International Year of Mobilization for Sanctions against South Africa World Communications Year Year of Women in South Africa Year of the United Nations
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International Youth Year International Year of Peace International Year of Shelter for the Homeless International Literacy Year International Space Year International Year of the World's Indigenous People International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal International Year of the Family World Year of Peoples' Commemoration of Victims of the Second World War 1995 - United Nations Year for Tolerance 1996 - International Year for the Eradication of Poverty 1998 - International Year of the Ocean 1999 - International Year of Older Persons 2000 - International Year of Thanksgiving 2000 - International Year for the Culture of Peace 2000 - World Mathematical Year 2001 - International Year of Mobilization against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance 2001 - International Year of Volunteers 2001 - United Nations Year of Dialogue among Civilizations 2002 - International Year of Ecotourism 2002 - International Year of Mountains 2002 - United Nations Year for Cultural Heritage 2003 - International Year of Freshwater 2003 - European Disability Year 2004 - International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition 2004 - International Year of Rice 2005 - International Year for Sport and Physical Education 2005 - International Year of Microcredit 2005 - World Year of Physics 2006 - International Year of Deserts and Desertification 2007 - Year of the Dolphin (extended to 2008) 2007 - International Year of the Scout 2007-2008 - International Heliophysical Year 2008 - International Year of Languages 2008 - International Year of the Potato
2008 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011
International Year of Sanitation International Year of the Frog International Year of Astronomy International Year of Natural Fibres International Year of Reconciliation Year of the Gorilla International Year of the Shark International Year of Communications International Year of Biodiversity International Year of Youth International Year of Forests International Year of Chemistry International Year for People of African descent World Veterinary Year 2011
Important Decades
19761985 1990s 19942004 19972006 20002010 2000-2010 20012010 2001-2010 20032012 20052014 20052014 20052015 - United Nations Decade for Women - International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduc tion - First International Decade of the World's Indigenous People - First United Nations Decade for the Eradication of Poverty - Second International Decade for the Eradication of Colonialism - Bone and Joint Decade - International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-violence for the Children of the World - Decade to Roll Back Malaria in Developing Countries, Particularly in Africa (2001-2010) - United Nations Literacy Decade - United Nations Decade on Education for Sustainable Development - Second International Decade of the World's Indigenous People - Water for Life Decade
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ASCI : Administrative Staff College of India ASCON : Army Static Switched Communication Network ASEAN : Association of South East Asian Nations ASEM : Asia Europe Meeting ASI : Archaeological Survey of India ASK : Aaykar Sampark Kendra ASLV : Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle ASSOCHAM : Associated Chamber of Commerce and Industry ATC : Air Traffic Control ATGM : Anti-Tank Guided Missile ATM : Automatic Teller Machine ATR : Action Taken Report ATS : Anti Tetanus Serum AU : African Union AVARD : Association of Voluntary Agencies for Rural Development AVC : Army Veterinary Corps AVSM : Ati Vishisht Seva Medal AVTAR : Army Vocational Training and Rehabilitation AWACS : Airborne Warning and Control System AWWA : Army Wives Welfare Association BITS : Birla Institute of Technology & Sciences BJP : Bharatiya Janata Party BKKP : Bhartiya Kisan Kamgar Party B2B : Business to Business B2C : Business to Consumer BAC : Business Advisory Committee BAI : Badminton Association of India BALCO : Bharat Aluminium Company ltd BARC : Bhabha Atomic Research Centre BBC : British Broadcasting Corporation BCCI : Board of Control for Cricket in India BCG : Bacillus Calmette-Guerin BCL : Bachelor of Civil law BDO : Block Development Officer BEL : Bharat Electronics Limited BGA : Blue Green Algae BHEL : Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. BHU : Banaras Hindu University : Bureau of Industrial Costs and Prices BIFR : Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction BIMSTEC : Bangladesh, India, Myanmar. Sri Lanka, Thailand Economic Cooperation. BIPPA : Bilateral Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement BIS : Bureau of Indian Standards BKU : Bharatiya Kisan Union BLOB : Binary Large Objects BMW : Bayerische Motoren Warke AG BOAC : British Overseas Airways Corporation BOLT : Build-Own-Lease-Transfer BPE : Bureau of Public Enterprises BPO : Business Process Outsourcing BRAI : Broadcast Regulatory Authorities of India BRIC : Brazil. Russia, India and China BRO : Border Roads Organisation BSE : Bombay Stock Exchange BSF : Border Security Force BSI : Botanical Survey of India BSNL : Bharat Sanchar Nigam BSP : Bahujan Samaj Party CAB : Civil Aeronautics Board CABE : Central Advisory Board for education CACCI : Confederation of Asia-Pacific Chambers of Commerce & Industry CACP : Commission on Agricultural Costs and Prices CADA : Command Area Development Agency CAG : Comptroller and AuditorGeneral CAN : Calcium Ammonium Nitrate CAPART : Council for Advancement of Peoples Action and Rural Technology CAPD : Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis CAPES : Computer-Aided Paperless Examination System CARD : Centre for Astronomical Research and Development CARE : Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere BICP
ABBREVIATIONS
AA
: Anti-Aircraft; Authors Alterations AAAS : American Association of Ad vancement of Science AAFI : Amateur Athletics Federation of Afro-Asian Games AAI : Airport Authority of India AAOU : Asian Association for Open Uni versities APSO : Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity Organisation AASU : All-Assam Students Union ABC : Audit Bureau of Circulations ABM : Anti-Ballistic Missiles ABSU : All Bodo Students Union ABU : Asian Broadcasting Union AC : Alternating Current ACAS : Airborne Collision Avoidance System ACC : Auxiliary Cadet Corps; Air Coordinating Committee ACD : Asian Co-operation Dialogue ACL : Access Control List ACU : Asian Clearing Union ADB : Asian Development Bank ADBS : Advanced Data Broadcast System ADF : Asian Development Fund ADRs : American Depository Receipts AEC : Atomic Energy Commission AERB : Atomic Energy Regulation Board AF : Audio Frequency AFC : Asian Football Confederation AFNET : Air Force Network AFP : Agence France-Presse AIIMS : All India Institute of Medical Sciences AILTA : All India Lawn Tennis Association AIMA : All India Management Association AIMO : All India Manufacturers Organisation AIMPLB : All India Muslim Personal Law Board AINEC : All India Newspaper Editors Conference
AIR : All India Radio AISNEC : All India Small Newspaper Editors Conference AISSF : All India Sikh Students Federation AITUC : All India Trade Union Congress AIWHA : All India Women Hockey Association AJT : Advance Jet Trainer ALGOL : Algorithmic Language ALH : Advanced Light Helicopter AMC : Army Medical Corps AMICE : Associate Member of the Institute of Civil Engineers AMU : Asian Monetary Union ANANDI : Area Networking Development Initiative ANC : African National Congress ANCA : Alternative Nuclear Command Authority ANERT : Agency for Non-Conventional Energy and Rural Technology ANN : Asian News Network AOC : Air Officer Commanding AP : Associated Press APASL : Asia Pacific Association for Study of Liver APCTT : Asia and Pacific Centre for Transfer of Technology APEC : Asia Pacific Economic Community APHLC : All Parties Hill Leaders Conference APM : Administered Price Mechanism APPLE : Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment APPU : Asian Pacific Postal Union APT : Asia Pacific Tele community ARC : Administrative Reforms Commission ARDC : Agricultural Refinance and Development Corporation ARF : ASEAN Regional Forum ARP : Air Raid Precaution ARPANET: Advanced Research Project Agency Network ARTRAC : Army Training Command
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CAS CASE : Conditional Access System : Commission on Alternative Sources of Energy CASI : Centre for the Advanced Study of India CAT : Computerised Axial Tomogra phy CAZRI : Central Arid Zone Research Institute Ltd. CBDT : Central Board of Direct Taxes CBEC : Central Board of Excise and British Customs CBFC : Central Board of Film Certification CBI : Central Bureau of investigation CBM : Confidence Building Measures Central CBR : Central Board of Revenue CBRI : Central Building Research Institute CBSE : Central Board of Secondary Education CBT : Childrens Book Trust CCEA : Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs CCI : Cement Corporation of India CCP : Cabinet Committee on Prices CCS : Cash Compensatory Support C-DAC : Centre for Development of Advanced Computing CDMA : Code Division Multiple Access C-DOT : Centre for Development of Telematics CDRI : Central Drug Research Institute CDROM : Compact Disc-Read Only Memory CDS : Compulsory Deposit Scheme CEC : Chief Election Commissioner CECRI : Central Electro Chemical Research institute CEERI : Central Electronic Engineering Research Institute CENTO : Central Treaty Organisation CENVAT : Central Value Added Tax CEO : Chief Executive Officer CERC : Consumer Education and Research Centre CFC : Chloro Fluoro Carbon CFSL : Central Forensic Science Laboratory CGA : Central Ganga Authority CGF : Commonwealth Games Federation CGHS : Central Government Health Scheme CGI : Common Gateway Interface CGIAR : Consultative Group on Interna tional Agricultural Research CHOGM : Commonwealth Heads of Gov ernment Meeting CHOGRM: Commonwealth Heads of Government Regional Meeting CIA : Central Intelligence Agency CIB : Credit information Bureau CICA : Conference on Interaction and confidence-building Measures in Asia CID : Criminal Investigation Department CIET : Central Institute of Educational Technology CII : Confederation of Indian Industry CIIL : Central Institute of Indian Languages CISF : Central Industrial Security Force CITES : Convention on International Trade on Endangered Species CITU : Centre of Indian Trade Unions CIWTC : Central Inland Water Transport Corporation CKD : Completely Knocked Down CLASP : Child Labour Action and Support Project CLAWS : Centre for Land Warfare Studies CLB : Company Law Board CM : Common Market CMA : Coal Mines Authority CMAG : Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group CMC : Computer Maintenance Corporation CMEA : Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CMERI : Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute CMIE : Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy CMP : Common Minimum Programme CNC : Computerised Numerical Control CNG : Compressed Natural Gas CNN : Cable News Network CNS : Chief of Naval Staff
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CO : Commanding Officer COAS : Chief of Army Staff COL : Commonwealth of Learning COMECON: Council for Mutual Economic Assistance COMESA: Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa COMEX : Commonwealth Expedition COMPS : Coastal Ocean Monitoring and Prediction Centre CONCORD: Council of North Indian States for Cooperation and Regional Development COPO : Citizens Organisation for Public Opinion COPRA : Consumer Protection Act COPU : Committee on Public Undertakings CPC : Civil Procedure Code CPCB : Central Pollution Control Board CPF : Contributory Provident Fund CPHERI : Central Public health Engineering Research Institute CPI(ML) : Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) CPI : Communist Party of India CPI-IW : Consumer Price Index for industrial Workers CPMT : Combined Pre-Medical Tests CPR : Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation CPSU : Communist Party of the Soviet Union CPU : Committee on Public Undertakings CPWD : Central Public Works Department CRIDA : Central Research Institute for Dry-land Agriculture CRISIL : Credit Rating Information Services of India CRPF : Central Reserve Police Force CRR : Cash Reserve Ratio CRRI : Central Road Research Institute CRRID : Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial Development CRY : Child Relief and You CSAT : Civil Services Aptitude Test CSCAP : Council for Security Cooperation in Asia Pacific CSCE : Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe CSIO : Central Scientific Instruments Organisation : Council of Scientific and Industrial Research CSIRO : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CSO : Central Statistical Organisation CSP : Concentrated Solar Power CSSRI : Central Soil Salinity Research I n stitute CST : Central Sales lax CT : Computerised Tomography CTBT : Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty CTO : Central Telegraph Office CTV : Colour Television CV : Curriculum Vitae CVC : Central Vigilance Commission CVR : Cockpit Voice Recorder CVRDE : Combat Vehicles Research Development Establishment CWC : Central Warehousing Corporation CWF : Consumer Welfare Fund CWPC : Central Water and Power Commission CWPRS : Central Water and Power Research Station DA : Dearness Allowance DAE : Department of Atomic Energy DAP : Di-Ammonium Phosphate DAVP : Directorate of Advertising and Visual Publicity DCL : Doctor of Civil Law DDT : Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane DEAL : Defence Electronics Applications Laboratory DEG : German Investment and Development Company DFDR : Digital Flight Data Recorder DGCA : Director General of Civil Aviation DGCEI : Directorate General of Central Excise Intelligence DGMS : Directorate General of Mines Safety CSIR
201
DGTD DHSD DIA DIG DIR DMA DMK DMRC DMRTS DOD DOE DOTS DPBS DPI DPSA DRDO DRES DRF DRI DSB DSC DSIDC DSL DST DTAA DTH DTS DVC DVD DVM DWT EAC EARC EAS ECA ECAFE : Directorate General of Technical Development : Duplex-High Speed Data Service : Defence Intelligence Agency : Deputy Inspector General : Defence of India Rules : Direct Memory Access : Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam : Delhi Metro Rail Corporation : Delhi Metro Rapid Transport System : Department of Ocean Development : Department of Electronics : Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course : Developmental Press Bulletin Service : Director of Public Instruction : Deep Penetration Strike Air craft : Defence Research and Development Organisation : Department of Renewable Energy Sources : Depreciation Reserve Fund : Differential Rate of Interest : Digital Satellite Broadcasting : Distinguished Service Cross : Defence Scientific Information and Documentation Centre : Digital Subscriber Line : Department of Science and Technology : Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement : Direct-to-Home : Digital Theatre System : Damodar Valley Corporation : Digital Versatile/Video Disc : Doctor of Veterinary Medicine : Dead Weight Tonnes : Employment Assistance Centre : Economic Administrative Reforms Commission : Employment Assurance Scheme : Essential Commodities Act : Economic Commission for Asia and Far East : Economic Commission for Europe ECG : Electrocardiogram ECGC : Export Credit and Guarantee Corporation ECHR : European Commission on Human Rights ECM : European Common Market ECOSOC: Economic and Social Council ECS : Electronic Clearance Service EDBI : Educational Development Bank of India EDCIL : Educational Consultants India Ltd. EDI : Electronic Data Interchange EDMS : Electronic Document Management System EEC : European Economic Community EEC : Electro Encephalogram EEZ : Exclusive Economic Zone EFA : Education For All EFF : Extended Fund Facility EGP : Exterior Gateway Protocol EIL : Engineers India Limited EIS : Executive Information System ELJSA : Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay ELSS : Equity Linked Saving Scheme E-mail : Electronic Mailing EMF : Electro Motive Force EMG : Electro Myograni EMS : European Monetary System EMU : European Monetary Union ENS : Eastern Newspapers Society EOU : Export Oriented Units EPCG : Export Promotion Capital Goods EPCH : Export Promotion Council for Handicrafts EPCJ : Enhanced Proliferation Control Initiative EPF : Employees Provident Fund EPO : Earth Parking Orbit EPZ : Export Processing Zone ERM : Exchange Rate Mechanism ERNET : Educational and Research Network ERS : European Remote Sensing ESA : European Space Agency ECE ESC ESIC ESMA ESP EST Est ETT ETV EVM EVR FACT FAO FBI FBTR FBW FCI FCRA FDI FEDEX FEMA FERA FICCI FIEO FIFA FIH FII FIPB FIPC FIR FIRE FLAG FM FMCT FORE FRCP FRCS FRGS FRN FRS
202
: Electronics and Computer Software Export Promotion Council : Employees State Insurance Corporation : Essential Services Maintenance Act : Extra Sensory Perception : Eastern Standard Time : Established : Embryo Transfer Technology : Educational Television : Electronic Voting Machine : Electro video Recording : Fertilizers & Chemicals Travancore limited : Food and Agriculture Organisation : Federal Bureau of Investigation : Fast Breeder Test Reactor : Fly-By-Wire : Food Corporation of India : Foreign Contribution Regulation Act : Foreign Direct Investment : Federal Express : Foreign Exchange Management : Foreign Exchange Regulation Act : Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry : Federation of Indian Exports Organisations : International Football Federation : International Hockey Federation : Foreign Institutional Investors : Foreign Investment Promotion Board : Foreign Investment Promotion Council : First Information Report : Fully Integrated Robotised Engine : Fibre-optic Link Around the Globe : Field Marshal : Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty : Foundation for Organisational Research and Education : Fellow of Royal College of Physicians : Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons : Fellow of Royal Geographical Society : Floating Rate Note : Fellow of Royal Society FTP FTS FTU FTZ GAAP GAEL GAIL GAP GATE GATT GB GCC GCF GCM GDI GDP GEF GEM GHQ GIAS GIC GIEC GIS GIST GLOBE GM GMAT : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : File Transfer Protocol Foreign Travel Scheme Free Trade Union Free Trade Zone Generally Accepted Accounting Practices Global Alliance for The Elimination of Leprosy Gas Authority of India Limited Ganga Action Plan Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering General Agreement on Tariff and Trade Great Britain Gulf Cooperation Council Greatest Common Factor Greatest Common Measure Gender-related Development Index Gross Domestic Product Global Environment Facility Gender Empowerment Measure General Headquarters Gateway Internet Access Services General Insurance Corporation Global Indian Entrepreneurs Conference Global Information System Graphics and Intelligencebased Script Technology Global Learning and Observation to Benefit the Environment General Motors Graduate Management Admission Test Global Maritime Distress and Safety System Global Mobile Personnel Communications System Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Greenwich Mean Time Gorkha National Liberation Front Gross National Product
203
GOC GOI GOP Govt GPF GPO GPRS GRAM GRE GRT GSI GSLV GSM GSP GSTP GTICL HAI HAL HCF HDI HDML HEMRL HESSI HF HHEC HITEC HIV HMI HMT HP HRD HSD HSL HSTS HTCG HTML HTR : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : General Officer Commanding Government of India Grand Old Party Government General Provident Fund General Post Office General Pocket Radio System Geo Reference Area Management Graduate Record Examination Gross Rated Tonnage Geological Survey of India Geo-synchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Global System for Mobile Communication Generalised System of Preferences Global System of Trade Practices Gas Transportation & infrastructure Co. Ltd. Health Action International Hindustan Aeronautics Limited Highest Common Factor Human Development Index Hyper Devices Markup Language High Energy Materials Research Laboratory High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager High Frequency Handicrafts and Handloom Exports Corporation Hyderabad Information Technology Engineering Consultancy Human Immunodeficiency Virus Himalayan Mountaineering Institute Hindustan Machine Tools Harmonic Progression Human Resource Development High Speed Diesel Hindustan Steel Limited High Speed Tram System High Technology Cooperation Group Hyper Text Markup Language High Temperature Reactor HTTP : Hypertext Transfer Protocol HUDCO : Housing and Urban Development Corporation HVNET : High Speed VSAF Network HZL : Hindustan Zinc Limited I&B : Information and Broadcasting IAAF : International Amateur Athletic Federation IAAS : Indian Audit and Accounts Service IAC : Indian Airlines Corporation IAEA : International Atomic Energy Agency IAF : Indian Air Force IAMC : Indian Army Medical Corps IAMR : Institute of Applied Manpower Research IARI : Indian Agricultural Research Institute IAS : Indian Administrative Service IASRI : Indian Agricultural Statistical Research Institute IATA : International Air Transport Association IATP : Income Adjusted to Total Population IBEF : India Brand Equity Fund IBM : International Business Machines IBRD : International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ICAA : International Civil Airports Association ICAAN : Internet Corporation for Assigned Names & Numbers ICADR : The International Centre for Alternate Dispute Resolution ICAI : Institute of Chartered Accountants of India ICAO : International Civil Aviation Organisation ICAR : Indian Council of Agricultural Research ICBL : International Campaign to Ban Landmines ICBM : Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile ICC : International Cricket Council ICCR : Indian Council for Cultural Relations ICCS : International Commission of Control and Supervision ICCW ICDS
204
: Indian Council of Child Welfare : Integrated Child Development Scheme ICE : InfoTech Communications And Entertainment ICFTU : International Confederation of Free Trade Unions ICHR : Indian Council of Historical Research ICJ : International Court of Justice ICMR : Indian Council of Medical Research ICOR : International Capital Output Ratio ICPD : International Conference on Population and Development ICRA : Investment Information and Credit Rating Agency of India ICRC : International Committee of Red Cross ICRIER : Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations ICRISAT : International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ICS : Indian Civil Service ICSI : Institute of Company Secretaries of India ICSSR : Indian Council of social Sciences Research ICSW : Indian Council of Social Welfare ICW : International Council of Women ICWA : Indian Council of World Affairs IDA : International Development Agencies IDBI : Industrial Development Bank of India IDC : Industrial Development Corporation IDD : International Direct Dialing IDE : Integrated deice Electronics IDN : Internationalised Domain Names IDPL : Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuti cals Limited IDRC : International Development Research Centre IDSA : Institute of Defence Studies and Analysis IELTS : International English Language Testing System IES : Indian Economic Service IFA : Indian Football Association IFAD : International Fund for Agricultural Development IFCI IFFCO IFFI IFRI IFRS IFS IFTU IFWJ IGCAR IGIA IGMDP IGNCA IGNFA IGNOU IGNP IHF IIAS IIFT IIIT IIMC IIP IIPA IIPA IIRS IISS IIT ILA ILO : Industrial Finance Corporation of India : Indian Farmers Fertilisers Corporation Limited : International Film Festival of India : Indian Forest Research Institute : International Financial Reporting standards : Indian Foreign Service; Indian Forest Service : International Federation of Trade Unions : Indian Federation of Working Journalists : Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research : Indira Gandhi International Airport : Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme. : Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts : Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy : Indira Gandhi National Open University : Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana : Indian Hockey Federation : Indian institute of Advanced Studies : Indian Institute of Foreign Trade : Indian Institute of Information Technology : Indian Institute of Mass Communications : Indian Institute of Petroleum : Indian Institute of Public Administration : International Intellectual Property Alliance : Indian Institute of Remote Sensing : International Institute of Strategic Studies : Indian Institute of Technology : International Law Association : International Labour Organisation
205
ILS IMAP IMC IMDT Instrument Landing System Internet Mail Access Protocol Indian Medical Council Illegal Migrants Determination by Tribunal Act IMF : International Monetary Fund IMS : Indian Medical Service IMY : Indira Mahila Yojana INA : Indian National Army INL : Indian National League INPEX : Indian National Philatelic Exhibition INS : Indian Navy Ship INSA : Indian National Science Academy INSAT : Indian National Satellite INTACFI : Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage INTELEX : International Teleprinter Exchange INTELSAT: International Telecommunica tion Satellite Consortium INTERPOL: International Criminal Police Organisation INTUC : Indian National Trade Union Congress IOA : Indian Olympic Association IOC : International Olympic Committee IOCOM : Indian Ocean Commonwealth IOR-ARC : Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation IOSCO : International Organisation of Securities Commission IP : Internet Protocol IPBA : Inter-Pacific Bar Association IPC : Indian Penal Code IPCL : Indian Petro-chemicals Corporation Limited IPKF : Indian Peace Keeping Force IPO : Initial Public Offering IPR : Intellectual Property Rights IPS : Indian Police Service IPSA : International Peace & Security Advancement IPU : International Parliamentary Union IQ : Intelligence Quotient IRBM : Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile IRC : International Red Cross IRCI : International Reconstruction Corporation of India : : : : : Indian Railway Construction Company IRCS : International Red Cross Society IRDA : Insurance Regulatory Development Authority IRDP : Integrated Rural Development Programme IREDA : Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency IRNA : Iranian News Agency IRRI : International Rice Research Institute IRS : Indian Remote Sensing IRSE : Indian Railway Service of Engineers ISAF : International Security Assistance Force ISB : Indian School of Business ISBA : International Sea-Bed Authority ISBN : International Standard book Number ISC : Indian Science Congress ISCON : Indian Steel Construction Company ISD : International Subscriber Dialing ISDN : Integrated Services Digital Net work ISI : Indian Standards Institute ISP : Internet Service Provider ISRO : Indian Space Research Organisation IST : Indian Standard Time ISTRAC : ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Centre ITBP : Indo-Tibetan Border Police ITDC : India Tourism Development Corporation ITES : Infotech Enabled Services ITI : Industrial Training Institute ITIR : Information Technology Investment Region ITO : International Trade Organisation ITPO : Indian Trade Promotion Oganisation ITR : Interim Test Range ITU : International Telecommunica tion Union IUCD : Intra-Uterine contraceptive device IUML : Indian Union Muslim League IUPEP : Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication Programme IRCON IVF IWAI TWDP IWRS IYC J&K JAAC JBRI JCC JCO JKLF JMM JNU JPC JRC JRY JVM JVP KBE KMBY KRC KVA KVIC KVS Kw LAC LAN LASER LCA LCD LCH LCM LDC LED LERMS LES LIC LIPS LMG LNG LOAC LPG
206
: In-Vitro Fertilisation : Inland Waterways Authority of India : Integrated Watershed Development Programme : Isolated Word Re-organisation System : Indian Youth Congress : Jammu and Kashmir : Jharkhand Area Autonomous Council : Japanese Bond Research Institute : Junior Chamber of Commerce : Junior Commissioned Officer : Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front : Jhatkund Mukthi Morcha : Jawaharlal Nehru University : Joint Parliamentary Committee : Junior Red Cross : Jawahar Rozgar Yojana : Janata Vidyarthi Morcha : Janata Vimukthi Peramuna : Knight of British Empire : Khetihar Mazdoor Bima Yojana : Konkan Railway Corporation : Kilo-Volt-Ampere : Khadi and Village Industries Commission : Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan : Kilowatt : Line of Actual Control : Local Area Network : Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation : Light combat Aircraft : Liquid Crystal Display : Light Combat Helicopter : Lowest Common Multiple. : Least Developed Countries; Lower Division Clerk : Light Emitting Diode : Liberalised Exchange Rate Management Scheme : Lunar Escape System : Life Insurance Corporation : Language Independent Programme Sub-titles : Light Machine Gun : Liquefied Natural Gas : Line of Actual Control : Liquefied Petroleum Gas LPT : Licentiate in Printing technology Lt. Col : Lieutenant Colonel LTC : Leave Travel Concession LTTE : Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. MAD : Mutual Assured Destruction MAT : Management Aptitude Test MBFC : Mutual Benefit Financial Company MBRS : Multi-Barrel Rocket System MBT : Main Battle Tank MCA : Monetary Compensatory Account MCC : Missile Control Centre MCD : Municipal Corporation of Delhi MCI : Medical Council of India MCOCA : Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act MDA : Market Development Assistance MDMA : Multi Disciplinary Monitoring Agency MDS : Master of Dental Surgery MEA : Ministry of External Affairs MES : Military Engineering Service MFA : Multi-Fibre Agreement MFN : Most Favoured Nation MI : Military Intelligence MIBOR : Mumbai Inter-Bank Offered Rate MIC : Methyle isocyanate MIGA : Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency MISA : Maintenance of Internal Security Act MLA : Member of Legislative Assembly MLC : Member of Legislative Council MMDS : Multi-Channel Microwave Distribution System MMMF : Money Market Mutual Fund MMS : Multimedia Messaging Service MMT : Million Metric Tonnes MMTC : Minerals and Metals Trading Corporation MNAMS : Member of the National Academy of Medical Sciences MNC : Multinational Corporation MNP : Mobile Number Portability
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MODEM MODVAT MONEX MOU MOX MPA MPF : : : : : : : Modulator demodulator Modified Value Added Tax Monsoon Experiment Memorandum of Understanding Mixed Oxide Fuel Master of Public Administration Multinational Protection. Force Multiple Fuel Infection System Member of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission Mass Rapid Transit System Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation Manuscripts Master of Social Work Mahila Sainriddhi Yojna Missile Technology Control Regime Music Television : Narmada Bachao Andolan : National Building Construction Corporation NBDB : National Book Development Board NBFC : Non-banking Finance Company NBS : National Business Register NBT : National Book Trust NCA : National Commission on Agriculture NCAER : National Council of Applied Economic Research NCB : Narcotics Control Board NCBC : National Commission for Backward Classes NCBE : National Confederation of Bank Employees NCC : National Cadet Corps NCDC : National Coal Development Corporation NCERT : National Council of Educational Research and Training NCL : National Centre for Labour NCNA : New China News Agency NCO : Non-Commissioned Officer NCRB : National Capital Region Board NCTE : National Council for Teachers Education NCW : National Commission on Women NDA : National Defence Academy; National Democratic Alliance NDC : National Development Council NDDB : National Dairy Development Board NDMA : National Disaster Management Authority NDRI : National Dairy Research institute NDTF : National Democratic Teachers Front NEC : North-Eastern Council NEDC : National Economic Development Council NEEM : National Elementary Education Mission NEERI : National Environmental Engineering Research Institute NEFA : North East Frontier Agency NEHU : North-Eastern Hill University NEP : New Education Policy NER : North Eastern Railway NES : National Extension Service NEW : Net Economic Welfare NBA NBCC NFAI NFC NFDC
208
: National Film Archives of India : Nuclear Fuel Complex : National Film Development Corporation NFR : Northeast Frontier Railway NGO : Non-Governmental Organisation NGRI : National Geophysical Research Institute NHAI : National Highway Authority of India NHB : National Housing Bank NHPC : National Hydro-electric Power Corporation NHRC : National Human Rights Commission NIB : National investment Bank NIC : National Informatics Centre NICD : National Institute of Communicable Diseases NID : National Institute of Designs NIDC : National Industrial Development Corporation NIDS : National Immunisation Days NIFT : National Institute of Fashion Technology NII : National Institute of Immunology; National Information infrastructure NIIT : National Institute of Information Technology NIM : Nehru Institute of Mountaineering NIMHANS : National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences NIO : National Institute of Oceanography NIPFP : National institute of Public Finance and Policy NIS : Netaji Subhash Institute of Sports NIV : National Institute of Virology NKN : National Knowledge Network NLM : National literacy Mission NLTA : National Lawn Tennis Association NMD : National Missile Defence NMDC : National Mineral Development Corporation NMEP : National Malaria Eradication Programme NMNH : National Museum of Natural History NMR : Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NNP : National Nutrition Policy NOC : No Objection Certificate NPC : National Productivity Council NPCC : National Projects Construction Corporation NPCL : Nuclear Power Corporation of India NPP : National Perspective Plan NPR : National Population Register NPT : Non-Proliferation Treaty NRDC : National Research Development Corporation NREGA : National Rural Employment Guarantee Act NREGP : National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme NRF : National Renewable Fund NRHM : National Rural Health Mission NRI : Non-Resident Indian NRSA : National Remote Sensing Agency NRT : Net Registered Tonnes NRY : Nehru Rozgar Yojana NSAP : National Social Assistance Programme NSC : National Security Council National Saving Certificate NSCI : National Sports Club of India NSD : National School of Drama NSEI : National Stock Exchange of India NSG : National Security Guards NSIC : National Small Industries Corporation NSS : National Service Scheme NSSO : National Sample Survey Organisation NSUI : National Students Union of India NTC : National Textile Corporation NTP : National Temperature and Pressure NTPC : National Thermal Power Corporation NTS : National Testing Service NUJ : National Union of Journalists NVF : National Volunteer Force NWDA : National Water Development Agency NWGP : National Working Group on Power NWRC : National Water Resources Council OAS : Organisation of American States OBC : Other Backward Classes
MPFI : MPLADS : MRTPC MRTS MRVC MSS MSW MSY MTCR MTV NAAI : : : : : : : :
: National Airport Authority of India NABARD : National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development NAC : National Advisory Council NAECL : National Authority on Elimination of Child Labour NAFTA : North America Free Trade Agreement NALCO : National Aluminium Company Limited NAM : Non-Aligned Movement NAMS : National Academy of Medical Science NAPP : Narora Atomic Power Plant NARO : National Amnesty and Redemption Organisation NASA : National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASDAQ : National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation NASSCOM : National Association of Software and Service Companies NATO : North Atlantic Treaty Organisation NAV : Net Asset Value NAWO : National Alliance for Women NAYE : National Alliance of Young Entrepreneurs
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OCS ODA OECD OECF OEEC OGL OIC OIL ONGC OPEC OPF OPV ORT OTCEI OTS P&T PAC PAL PAN PATA PBS PCC PCI PCM PCRA PCS PDA PDPA PBS PEC PERT PESB PETA PFC PFRDA PGA PHC PIA : Overseas Communication Service : Official Development Assistance : Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development : Overseas Economic Cooperative Fund : Organisation for European Economic Cooperation : Open General Licence : Organisation of Islamic Conference : Oil India Limited : Oil and Natural Gas Corporation : Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries : Ordnance Parachute Factory : Oral Polio Vaccine : Oral Rehydration Therapy : Over the Counter Exchange of India : Officers Training School : Posts & Telegraphs : Public Accounts Committee : Phase Alternative Line : Permanent Account Number : Pacific Asia Travel Association : Public Broadcasting Service : Pradesh Congress Committee : Press Council of India : Public Code Modulation : Petroleum Conservation Research Association : Provincial Civil Service : Personal Digital Assistant Preventive Detention Act : Peoples Democratic Party of Afghanistan : Public Distribution System : Projects and Equipment Corporation : Project Evaluation and Review Technique : Public Enterprises Selection Board : People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals : Power Finance Corporation : Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority : Parliamentarians for Global Action : Primary Health Centre : Pakistan International Airways PIB PIL PIM : Press Information Bureau : Public Interest Litigation : Personal Information Management PIN-Code: Postal Index Number Code PIO : Persons of Indian Origin PLO : Palestine Liberation Organisation PLR : Prime Lending Rates PM : Prime Minister PMG : Post Master General PML : Pakistan Muslim League. POTA : Prevention of Terrorism Act POW : Prisoner of War PPF : Planet Protection Fund PRCL : Pipavav Railway Corporation Ltd. PRO : Public Relations Officer PROLOG: Programming Logic PSC : Public Service Commission PSLV : Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PTBT : Partial Test Ban Treaty PTI : Press Trust of India PTO : Please Turn Over PUCL : Peoples Union of Civil Liberties PVC : Param Vir Chakra; Poly Vinyl Chloride PVSM : Param Vishisht Seva Medal PWD : Public Works Department PWG : Peoples War Group QCT : Quality Council of India QMG : Quarter Master General QMT : Quantitative Management Technique QR : Quantitative Restriction R&D : Research and Development RABMN : Remote Area Business Message Network RAD : Research And Development RADAR : Radio Detecting and Ranging RAF : Rapid Action Force RAM : Random Access Memory RAW : Research and Analysis Wing RAX : Random Access Exchange RBI : Reserve Bank of India RBS : Risk Based Supervision RCC : Reinforced Cement Concrete RCI : Rehabilitation Council of India RDA : Rural Development Agency REC : Rural Electrification Corporation REM : Rapid Eye Movement REP : Replenishment Export Permit RI RIA RIMC RITA RITES RMO RMS RNA RNO ROM ROO RPF RPM RPV RRB RRC RSE RSP RSS RTA RTC RTG RTIA SAARC SAC : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
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Rigorous Imprisonment Radio Immuno Assay Rashtriya Indian Military College Regional Trade & Investment Agreement Rail India Technical and Economic Services Resident Medical Officer Railway Mail Service Ribonucleic Acid Resident Naval Officer Read Only Memory Rules of Origin Railway Protection Force Revolutions Per Minute Remote-controlled Pilotless Vehicle Rural Regional Bank Regional Reactor Centre Renewable Source of Energy Rourkela Steel Plant Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh Railway Territorial Army Round Table Conference Radio-isotope Thermo-electric Generator Regional Trade & Investment Area South Asian Association fir Regional Cooperation Space Application Centre Science Advisory Council South African Development Coordination Council South Asian Development Fund South Asian Economic Community South Asia Free Media Association South-Asian Free Trade Agreement South Asians Human Rights Forum Sports Authority of India Steel Authority of India Limited Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty Surface-to-Air Missile South Asian Preferential Trading Arrangement South Asia Regional Fund Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome South Asian Sub-regional Economic Co-operation SAT SATTE SAVE SCBA SCI SCOPE SDI SDO SDR SEATO SEBC SEBI SEPUR SER SEWA SEZ SFC SGAI SHAR SHCIL SIAM SIDBI SIDC SIEMA SIF SIMI SIPRI SIT SITA SITE SLBM SLFP SLR SLV SMS SMTP SPCA : Scholastic Aptitude Test : South Asia Travel and Tourism Exchange : SAARC Audio Visual Exchange : Supreme Court Bar Association : Shipping Corporation of India : Standing Committee of Public Enterprises : Strategic Defence Initiative : Sub-Divisional Officer : Special Drawing Rights : South Fast Asia Treaty Organisation : Socially and Educationally Backward : Securities Exchange Board of India : Self-Employment Programme for the Urban Poor : South Eastern Railway : Self-Employed Womens Association : Special Economic Zone : State Financial Corporation Strategic Forces Command : Students Global Aptitude Index : Sriharikota Tracking Station : Stock Holding Corporation of India Ltd. : Society for Indian Automobile Manufacturers : Small Industries Development Bank of India : State Industrial Development Corporation : Southern India Engineering Manufacturers Association : Stock Index Futures : Students Islamic Movement of India : Stockholm International Peace Research Institute : Special Investigation Team : Suppression of Immoral Traffic Act : Satellite Instructional Television Experiment : Sea-Launch Ballistic Missile : Sri Lanka Freedom Party : Statutory Liquidity Ratio : Satellite Launch Vehicle : Short Messaging Service : Simple Mail Transfer Protocol : Society for the Prevention of to Animals
SADCC : SADF SAEC SAFMA SAFTA SAHR SAI SAIL SALT SAM SAPTA SARF SARS SASEC : : : : : : : : : : : : :
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SPE SPG SRAM SRI SRO SSA SSB SSC SSI SSM START STC STD STEP STF STPI : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Special Police Establishment Special Protection Group Short Range Attack Missile Systems Research Institute Statutory Rules and Orders Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Service Selection Board Staff Selection Commission Supplemental Security Income Small Scale Industry Surface to Surface Missile Strategic Arms Reduction Talks State Trading Corporation Subscriber Trunk Dialing Satellite Telecommunication Experiment Project Special Task Force Software Technology Parks of India Sports Utility Vehicle Saturated Vapour Pressure South-West Africa People Organisation Society for World-wide International Financial Transactions, Technical Advisory Committee Tactics and Aircraft Development Establishment Technical and Further Education Trans-Atlantic Free Travel Agreement Tarapur Atomic Power Station Trunk Automatic Exchange Tactical Collision Avoidance System Telecommunication Consultants India Limited Trade Development Authority Time Division Multiple Access Telugu Desam Party Tax-Deduction at Source Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company Teleprinter Exchange Tata Energy Research Institute Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station Trade Fair Authority of India Thin Film Transistor Trade Guarantee Scheme Tehri Hydro Development Project Temperature Humidity Index TIFR TISCO TMC TMO TNC TNT TNV TOEFL TPDS TRACT TRAI TRIFED TRIMS TRIPS TRP TRYSEM TTCI TTD TTE TULF UAE UAPA UAR UAV UDC UDF UDI UFO UGC UHF UID ULF ULFA UN UNAEC UNCED : Tata Institute of Fundamental Research : Tata Iron and Steel Company : Tamil Maanila Congress : Telegraph Money Order : Transnational Corporation : Tri nitro toluene : Tripura National Volunteers : Test of English as a Foreign language : Targeted Public Distribution System : Transportable Remote Area Communications Terminal : Telecom Regulatory Authority of India : Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India Ltd. : Trade Related Investment Measures : Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights : Television Rating Points : National Scheme of Training for Rural Youth for SelfEmployment : Tea Trading Corporation of India : Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam : Travelling Ticket Examiner : Tamil United Liberation Front : United Arab Emirates : Unlawful Activities : United Arab Republic : Unmanned Aerial Vehicle : Upper Division Clerk : United Democratic Front : Unilateral Declaration Independence : Unidentified Flying Object : University Grants Commission : Ultra High Frequency : Unique Identification : United Legislature Front : United Liberation Front of Assam : United Nations : United Nations Atomic Energy Commission : United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
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UNCLOS : United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea UNCOD : United Nations Conference on Desertification UNCSTD : United Nations Conference on Science and Technology for Development UNCTAD : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNDC : United Nations Disarmament Commission UNDOF : United Nations Disengagement Observer Force UNDP : United Nations Development Programme UNESCO : United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation UNFCC : United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFPA : United Nations Fund for Population Activities UNHCR : United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNI : United News of India UNIC : United Nations information Centre UNICEF : United Nations Childrens Fund UNIDO : United Nations Industrial Development Organisation UNSC : United Nations Security Council UNSCOM: UN Special Commission UNTAG : United Nations Transition Assistance Group UPA : United Progressive Alliance UPC : Under Postal Certificate UPS : Uninterrupted Power Supply UPSC : Union Public Service Commission UPU : Universal Postal Union UTI : Unit Trust of India VAM : Virtual Area Network VAT : Value-Added Tax VCR : Video Cassette Recorder VCRC : Vector Control Research Centre VDIS : Voluntary Disclosure Income Scheme VECC : Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre VHF : Very High Frequency VHP : Vishwa Hindu Parishad VHRR : Very High Resolution Radiometre VHS VIP VIRUS : Video Home System : Very Important Person : Vital Information Resources Under Siege VOA : Voice of America VPP : Value Payable Post VRDE : Vehicles Research and Development Establishment VRS : Voluntary Retirement Scheme VSAT : Very Small Aperture Terminal VSNL : Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited VSP : Visakhapatnam Steel Plant VSSC : Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre WADA : World Anti-Doping Agency WAP : Wireless Application Protocol WASME : World Assembly of Small and Medium Enterprises WAY : World Assembly of Youth WCAR : World Conference Against WCD : World Commission of Dams WCO : World Customs Organisation WEF : World Economic Forum World Environment Forum WFP : World Food Programme WFS : World Food Summit WFTU : World Federation of Trade Unions WHO : World Health Organisation WILL : Wireless in Local Loop WIFO : World Intellectual Property Organisation WMD : Weapons of Mass Destruction WMO : World Meteorological Organisation WPI : Wholesale Price Index WSIS : World Summit on Information Society WTO : World Trade Organisation WWF : World Wildlife Fund WWW : World Wide Web YMCA : Young Mens Christian Association YWCA : Young Womens Christian Association ZBB : Zero-Based Budgeting ZETA : Zero Energy Thermonuclear Assembly ZPG : Zero Population Growth ZS : Zoological Society ZSI : Zoological Survey of India
SUV : SVP : SWAPO : SWIFT TAC TACDE TAFE TAFTA TAPS T AX TCAS TCIL TDA TDMA TDP TDS TELCO TELEX TERI TERLS TFAI TFT TGS THDP THI : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :