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READING LESSONS:
CONSISTING OF
WITH THE
H§
'vl^&
LONDON:
SAMUEL BAGSTER AND SONS,
WAREHOUSE FOB BIBLES, NEW TESTAMENTS, PEATEE BOOKS, LEXICON'S,
GKAMMAES, CONCOEDANCES, AND PSALTEBS,
15, PATERNOSTER ROW.
nOAAAI iM¥ di/fiTOir rAftTTAI, fita d'Aflamroiciv.
\ /
ADYERTISEMENT.
ELEMENTS
ARABIC GRAMMAR
m
P
.^ C3 fJ ^ 5 -^ '^ rH .S
t
^ 3 D 'D
t^ i^ ^^ '^ *^ '^ *^
5 ^^
I— 1—< -H '-H
g f
( H (
O O O O o ^ ^
o o o o o o
Oi CO
05 O O X^ 00 O C^ CO Tt^ 1—1
OO Oi
I—
CO
O
OQ. -Td +3' TlJ . .bD ^ O^r^ ^ S fl ^ ^
1
Cm
Ain
Ghain ^ ^ s a s ^ o 1
IIeSp^ ^ h-1
^ -^ -^ ^ i\ -q •> -»:
vll
JJ
*>
11. 13=
•>
-^
-H
to CO
1— 1 .— t
t^
I—
GO Oi O
(M
.-'
C^
<M
(M
CO
Ol
Th
C^
VO
(M
CO
oq
1^ CO
IV ELEMENTS OF ARABIC GRAMMAR.
garden.
like th in father.
the throat, and then uttering the sound ka. The cawing
of the rook or crow resembles very nearly the sound given
• Ujuu <<csP>^
VOWELS. Vll
ing signs :
—
SHORT VOWELS.
three
LONG VOWELS:
I -^ a as \jba.
^ -1 u „ j^ bu.
DIPHTHONGS
sound.
enounced, into
1. Gutturals s
L J_c c '
2. Labials ^ a ^ c_j
3. Palatals ^ ^ O
4. Linguals (jJu^(j«(^(^Jj^
5. Dentals la k i J C-? c:.?
lunar letters.
served :
—
(«) (^ before c—> is sounded like a e.g.j.yj^ s-am-ba-ron,
;
(c)
u is not pronounced before any of the letters j, uf
^;frj raj-£-on.
xiv ELEMENTS OF ARABIC GRAMMAR.
the penultima has a long vowel, for then this takes the
is put on the last two syllables, but the chief tone rests on
the penultima.
ri-na.
left to right.
1234567890
\ r r p c 1 V A <i ^
FTTTUKE.
masc. 3 fern. 2 masc. 2 fern. 1 com.
IMPERATIVE. INFINITIVE.
2 masc. •
2 fem. ^o^
Sing.
^
OjC. i
PARTICIPLE.
Plur.
0. fem.
2 com.
PASSIVE VOICE.
PRETERITE.
3 masc. 3 fem. 2 masc. 2 fem. 1 com.
FUTURE.
PARTICIPLE.
masc. fem.
—
THE VERB. XVll
REMARKS.
1. The forms given in the Paradigm, according to
last letter which, in the ordinary future, has Ji. takes here
final letter, except in the 2nd and 3rd i^ui. fern., where
of ^^r^^-yj^.
* See Note, John 23 (0, p. 95.
;
JL. with the last radical, wherever the ordinary one has -:i_,
and rejects the final ^ and ^ in the dual and plur, masc.
forms.
Nasba.
,
oi: ^
Sect. 12.
•.4- i3,- ,
;4
'3'
^'4-
;l
:% i% ^^
^^ ^3-
i%
sB
]:3,- 'A' A' r^^ i^
l^ }f -3
r^ r^
VIEW OF THE THIETEEN CONJUGATIONS. XXI
^ — ^ — ,^.^
^^•^ ^^'^'
:3^ -^^
<^-:) (..-o
s^
^^^ ;t
'3- :^
'''^
fe)*-;:)
:i^
'-=^*
<o-^
<^^*^
:f
% ;C
.^^'
X X X X X
XXll ELEMENTS OF AKABIC GRAMMAR.
tive or intransitive.
being that.
ACTIVE. PASSIVE.
Surd Verbs
Sing.
com.
Dual U 13UJ
Plur.
* to reprove. to coZ/ec^.
t
—
above example.
1 V -
^^
i"
1 '3" ;
j
1 ^i3-> 'i
1 '-^ 'J-
f'i^ll
a'^5 ^ l^ ^-^
I^V]4
1
i1^ 1 ^ ^'-^
l^i'il
's^
I'-V;?
1 -i ti;
<<
. -
J r -* '
d l^a'^H
V^-%
1
i>1 1 ^1^3^ g :J
^
J
CO -*
'^H^^.
1-H <M CO Ti< >0 CO t^ 00 05
XXVUl ELEMENTS OF ARABIC GRAMMAR.
rHi^R:^^;i^^^^rt:;V^^
iHHH^^'^mw^^
r^^4i;H:f::^^^;|:^-^^:
CO Tt< »o CO j:^ 00
(
1—
h4
.'^1W^"^'%;1"^V;-|:
|i3,ij;|*-^*';a53,:j;-.l''y
<
i'^nM;-^''^^^%i-r'5
I?;
M
'>"'^'
1
-'-^
-Piia*' f ^^ '^:T;*'
.-i(M COTj<lCCOt^OOO
;
preterite.
1. Pass. J^^, III. Form, J^l; Pass. J^jl, IV. J^l; Pass.
Pass. Ll^i.
Pass.j-uJl.
;
jUuJl; X. jwJLjI.
^o ^-6^ x-~J ^Oif
FUTURE.
VIII. (j-'t*^.-
terminations, as ^\ mother,
^^l^A^l Ispahan,
drunken woman,
Masculine. Feminine.
SINGULAR.
s^ ^
Nom. iS^j a man. ILl: midioife.
DUAL.
Masculine. Feminine.
PLURAL.
REMARK.
st st
1. The following six nouns, viz. <-->l father^ ^\
and jL. for the oblique, cases. Of^this class are (1)
27 XiUo, 28 JJo.
e. g. ^»^;csy ^
^^^-^^^ ^Ae most famous in battle.
THE PRONOUNS.
Sect. 23.— PERSONAL PRONOUN.
Separate. Inseparable OR ,
Suffixes
SING,
SING.
pers masc. com. fem.
.
masc. com. fem.
1
I.
2 thou.
3 J* Ae, she. U
DCAl.
2 you two. l2
3 they two.
PLUEAJ.. PLURAL.
1 loe.
«-
2 ye.
^
3
^ ^ they.
^ c;*
PEKSONAL PRONOUN. XXxix
REMARKS.
1. The suffixes are attached alike to the noun and
SINGULAR.
DUAL.
Fem. Nom. ,^b* ((^^*) Gen. Ace. ^J* (jjr*^) '^^^^ ^^•
PLURAL.
monstrative pronoun.
)
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS. xH
*^ O v)^
DUAL.
^ Si o- ^i
Masc. ^^tj^J^^.
^
SINGULAR.
Masc. (^^
sit \ which? what'^ tchat sort of one?
Fem. 'ij\ J
* who^ which, that.
'
DUAL.
«^/ -s o«J
Masc. jjl> i
Fern. jjlv.i
rLUEAL.
UjuI fern.
himself.
—
NUMERALS. xliii
Cardinals. Ordinals.
masc. fem masfi. fern,
s ^t s
1 3
2
4
s
5
5- 5 y
6
fi-^o^
10 ^U :>iu
units and the numeral ».i*c for the masc, and ijLs. or
—
xliv ELEMENTS OF ARABIC GRAMMAR.
^xO ^ ^ o
Ijtjs. for the fern.; e. g. jA^ A»-l 11, masc, 'ijLs. \^^^^
11, fern.
s s. " S
4. The rest of the numerals, ^U 100, ^jUjU 200,
i>U (JLjUj 300, i>U ^;u».*^ 500, etc. The thousands are
PARTICLES.
Under this appellation are comprised the adverbs, pre-
future.
as Jc>jJ V.
0^- help for Zaid. The \ of the article is drop-
truth.
as (jwUl 1
^ \ U^ like others believe.
perly ,j^ of, and ^-^ from, the letter ^ being dropped,
case.
1.
J and, also. It also signifies with, as^;J^Ul jU-
ij>*^<s^ '
J the prince came with the army. It likewise dc-
JOSHUA VI.
Verse 1.
<^
fa-qa-la, conj. <—5, and, before pret. 3 pers. masc. sing.,
over Alif of the second word (§ 5, No. 6). For this reason
is not to end in la, but lal, and the consonant terminating this
—
Note. The Tanwin, or Tenwin, is displaced by Damma
whenever (as is the case here) the article is prefixed
to the word.
Verse 2.
°-
fa-ya-ji-hu, conj. u-J before fut. 3 pers.masc. sing., Conj.I.,
I V 1 .Ar
JJiJi ^0 hill.
Mw ooup.
^
Ji, see ver. 1 (»).
Verse 3.
gen. case.
54 VI. V. 3.— JOSHUA.— VI. ?;. 4-
<>
hau-la, prep. (prop, subst. ace. case) R. (J^ to he curved.
Veuse 4.
ver. 3 («).
masc. pi.
I
See ver. 2 («).
"-
Ja-la-ba-tan, ace. case. Comp. ver. 3 {ff).
Jsic ^0 be great.
56 VI. V. 4. — JOSHUA.—VI. v, 5.
^/
man
^y .pV .Sx^f
every people-the ascend-shaU-and ,place-it8
^X^y.""
J*
in
'L>J,^V
city-the-of
Verse 5.
§ 3, note), conj. u-J before pret, 3 pers. masc. sing., Conj. X.,
VI. V. 5. — JOSHUA.— VI. V. 5. 57
*"
sun-du-qi, subst. masc. sing. gen. case.
58 VI. ?;. 5.— J O S H U A. -VI. v. 6.
Verse 6.
jSmxT .
to congregate together.
^ * * ver. 5 (? ^ «).
Verse 7.
" wa-£-a-ha-ru^ conj.j and pret. 3 pers. masc. pi. ver. 5 {^).
p wa-da-ra-bu, conj.j ,
pret. 3 pers. pi. masc. See ver. 3 {*).
J v» O J '
St- y
b
Verse 8.
Verse 9.
VI. r. 9. —J S H U A. — VI. V. 9. 61
'*
tar-fa-^u, fut. A, 2 pers. masc. pi., from ^j.
* as-wd-ta-kum, pi. of ver. 4 (^) with suff. 2 pers. masc. pi.
* See (9).
»•
ia-qu-lu, fut. 1 pers. sing., Conj. I., from Jli, irr., § 16,
Parad. 5.
.
y^^v
10 ^j.^J^-" 1^^" !>r' r^'
round-go-to-caused-he-And .shout-shall- you then , Shout ,you.to
^' y
arose- And .it-in
^^'i'
lodged-and camp-the
Jr '^'
to came-it then
« la-hum^ pref. J with suff., 2 pers. masc. pi. Corap. ver. 5 {9).
Verse 10.
<^
W-rah-hi, see ver. 6 ^ See ver. 3 (» p).
(J).
once, but here one, with wd-hi-da-tan, card. num. fern. ace. case.
anomalous verb.
^
fl-hi, ver. 1 (^), with sufF. 3 pers. masc. sing. (§ 23, rem. 2.)
Veese 11.
Conj. VIII., for ^b'jl (§ 13, No. viii. rem. 2), from ^)o,
advervially.
used distrihutively.
Veese 12.
« ha-mi-lu, pret. 3 pers. masc. pi., Conj . III. Comp. ver. 3 {<^).
d ace. of («). e / i/ See ver. 3 (/ ^ ^).
Veese 13.
« '^
See ver. 2 (^ »).
VI. V. 13.— JOSHUA. —Vl.r. 14. 65
y:^!^
^
j\»
.. >
\^^\^^^ i^\^^
^
i^j-^ ^^^'.. ^
; camp-tbe to returned-and ,one ,time-a second-the
'•
"th-tha-m^ article and num. adj. masc. sing. gen. case,
«
See ver. 10 {^).
Verse 14.
y . 1 W,
to ascend, rise.
* '^;/«;-n, article and subst. masc. sing. gen. case, prop, the
"» s-a-la^ prep., prop. wj9o;i, ^o, etc. Comp. ver. 10 (^).
pression, to define,
* li-s-an-na, conj.
peculiar.
2 See ver. 3 (? ^)
Veese 15.
<^
'd-daf-£.a-ti, the article before the subst. fern. sing. gen.
» See ver. 1 («). * See ver. 7 (^). ' See ver. 9 (^).
Veese 16.
lJ»*
(is) -that
^> aU-snd accorsed city^)(
.i^'^
"this
^^-
be-should that
»
fl-ha, prep.,^ with suff. 3 pers. fem. sing. Comp. ver. 2 (*).
* li-rab-bi, pref.
J before subst. masc. sing. dat. case.
I
H-^-d-la-ml-na, article before subst. masc, pi. of ^Jl^,
gen. case.
masc. 9 y^ , it.
^ V niedia tJ" ^o 5C^/, to buy.
§15.
^J*>iJ to send.
Verse 17.
<^
^n-fu-sa-kum, subst. pi. (of ^/**-^) with suff. 2 pers.
* I
See (« /).
»•
See (/).
masc. pi., Conj. I., from -^s^^is with suff. 3 pers. masc. sing.
Vekse 18.
J and
« wa-kul-lu, conj. ver. 4 (y).
'^
dza-ha-bin, subst. masc. sing. gen. case.
gen. case.
»
qu-du-sun, adj. masc. sing., from {jmSs to he holy.
Verse 19.
'^
fa-ja-la-ha, conj. u-5 and pret. 3 pers. masc. sing.
'^
wa-Ha-ra-hu, conj. j and pret. 3 pers. masc. pi., Conj. I., R.
tH'
peoplerthe shouted ,trumpet8-the-of sound- (the) people-the-of hearing- (the)
^»
See ver. 7 («).
»
* See ver. 4 (^ *).
1 7H See (« ^).
'^
« See ver. 4 (« »).
ver. 4 (y 2).
74 VI. V. 19.— JOSHUA.— VI. B. 20.
y See (^).
2 See («).
fromCXL*.
Vekse 20.
.sword-the-of edge-the-with
case.
76
JOHN II.
c X 0*0
Verse 1.
prep. ^5*.
joyful
" qd-na, proper name, not declined.
governed by ,^
« wa-ka-nat, conj. j and pret. 3 pers. fern, sing., Conj. I.,
Parad. 5, § 16.
Verse 2.
cographers.
Jl-
Verse 3.
for euphony's sake, to join this with the next word. See {^).
c See if).
(§ 11, rem. 1). The verb ^J^ {to be) in the preterite is joined
§ 16, Parad. 5.
Vekse 4.
^ s-ay-yu-hd, interjection.
<*• -^ ^
placed ,8tone-of jars six there were-there-And
Verse 5.
/ 5^-A^, pref. prep. ^-' with suff. 3 pers. masc. sing. (§ 30,
rem. 1).
Verse 6.
e
ha-ju-ra-tin, subst. pi. (irr. ofj-35^), gen. case.
80 II. »). 6.— JOHN.— II. «. 7.
with ^) ace. case, which case is not only used to designate the
fiirpov.
Verse 7.
« md-jan, subst. masc. sing. ace. case, from i\^ for ^yt,
Verse 8.
For the loss of the 3rd radical lJ, see irr. verb, Parad. 9, imp.
* 'l-s-a-na, adverb.
servants-the )(-but , (was) -it whence from knew not-and ,wine- (into)
f fa-wad-dau, conj. t—> and pret. 2 pers. masc. pi., Conj. II.,
yy
from i-i"*^.
Verse 9.
conjugation.
y<-
Jy u ju;io o-j>l^
presents indeed man Every ,him-to said-And ,bridegroom-the
masc. pi.
6, § 16.
Veese 10.
^ s-in-na-md, adverb.
« yd-ti, fut. 3 pers. masc. sing., Conj. I., from s^\ irr.
Parad. 9, § 16.
9 wa-d-dzd, adverb.
* hid-du-ni, pref. i-r>, article and adj. masc. sing. gen. case,
noun, § 23.
»» s-ab-qai-ta, pret. 2 pers. masc. sing., Conj. IV., from
y y yy
uu , prop. ^^JL) to remain, stay.
« See («).
•
Hl-s-a-na, adverb.
Verse 11.
slightest affection.
connected with the preceding pronoun, lit. which her, sc. the
of which him,
§ 11, rem. 1.
Verse 12.
jA&- to descend.
86 II. V. 12. — JOHN.— 11. ^?. 13.
'^
ka-far-na-hu-ma, prop. name.
IV., from /IjJ to stand, irr. Parad. 5, § 16, to which the pre-
Veese 13.
« See
if).
* Jis-hu, i. q. Heb. np2.
. . .
c See if),
^ qa-ru-ha, pret. 3 pars. masc. sing. (§11, rem. 1); for the
Verse 14.
f^
fa-wa-ja-da^ conj. uJ before pret. 3 pers. masc. sing.
<^
ha-s-a-ta, subst. pi. ace. case, irr. from the sing, ^.y,
part, of ^lj,Parad. 5, § 16.
Verse 15.
*>
hab-Uny subst. masc. sing. gen. case. Comp. Heb. ^JH.
'^ wa-s-aJi-ra-ja, conj. j before pret. 3 pers. masc. sing.,
y y y
Conj. IV., from zi/^ to go out.
remove.
case.
Verse 16.
fioTdj-s^ to trade.
Verse' 17.
f^
mak-tu-hun, part. pass, of Conj. I., from t-^J^ to write.
zealous.
Verse 18.
/ tu-rl-nd, fut. 2 pers. masc. sing., Conj. IV. {lSJ^ for i-i'jy
9 hat-ta^ adverb.
Vebse 19.
« hul-lu, imp. masc. pi., Conj. I., from J*=>- ^o sofoe, loosen.
Comp. § 15.
« Veese 20.
Parad. 9, p. 31.
But
^^
S^
? days
^
three
Li^
in
Veese 21.
Verse 22.
to die.
Verse 23.
I prosthetic, for /*-«j), gen. case, with snff. 3 pers. masc. sing.
^ i-idz, conjunction.
masc. pi.
Veese 24.
adverb.
^v^
Vebse 25.
<>
yash-ha-da^ fut. A nashated (after ^^ see § 11, rem. 1,
97
AL Q R A N.
CHAP. LXIV.
so
« bis-mi, pref. ^-'' and subst. masc. sing. gen. case of /»*ji .
Verse 1.
o y
^jJl"' j-fc r ^^^ ^i^*^ J-^ ^^ j-^j
.mighty thing eyery over (is)-he-and
to will.
Verse 2.
masc. pi.
o
'^
fa-min-kum, compd. of 4—3 (and), ^ , and sufF. 2 pers.
masc. pi.
LXIV. V. 2.— ALQORAN.— LXIV. v. 3. 99
fromj^ to see,
Veese 3.
<^
bil-haq-qi, pref. C-J, article, and subst. masc. sing. gen.
Conj. II., from ju» {to cut, divide), media j, which in this
jjlliT-^ ^\c^'
rH-^"^
acquainted
^^
God-and
^j-I-l1j-'
manifest-you
.hearts-the-of state- (the) -with (is) ;
Comp. («).
masc. sing.
*
H-ma-si-ru, article before verbal subst., see ver. 2 (^),
masc. sing., from jw, media t_?, ^o ^Mm, ^wrw round, to be-
long to.
Vekse 4.
to conceal (§ 15).
S y y O J ^^ O O^ y yy ^ y y
C-?1J^* j.^j ^j^\' JU^^ I^IU^
-torment (re8erved-i8)-them-for-and ,doing-their-of punishment- (the) tasted-they-how
« hi-dzd-ti, pref. ^-> before subst. fern. sing. gen. case, from
sing.
Veese 5.
<=
wa-5a-*w, subst. masc. sing., from U3 to announce.
to drive.
j^\ to command.
Verse 6.
'^
tds.-ti-hum, fut. 3 pers. fem. sing., with suff. 3 pers. masc.
^ V> <.0
b
"'
v., from ^j
^ was-tag-na^ conj. j with pret. 3 pers. masc. sing., Conj. X.,
Verse 7.
* lan^ i. q. ^
« 5a-/a, adverb.
104 LXIV. V. 7.— ALQORAN.—LXIV. v. 8.
No. 3) before fut. parag. (§11, No. 3, and note), 2 pers. masc.
2 pers. masc. pi. passive of Conj. II. ; for the R. see ver. 5 {<').
Veese 8.
Comp. § 5, No. 7.
the preceding word), with 3 pers. masc. sing. Comp. ver. 6 (<*).
Verse 9.
j-s-j to cover.
preceding prep.), irr., from the sing, ^-i^, from ^Ls, prop.
»* taj-rl, fut. 3 pers. fem. sing., Conj. I., from c£;^, Parad.
9, § 16.
jO ^ c-o
-<3
j^ , from^;-^ to Jiow,
used adverbially.
Verse 10.
to associate with.
ju ,
prop. jj3 to shine.
.
Verse 11.
ceding. '^
il-ld, adverb.
<^ bi-^idz-ni^ pref. l-> before subst. masc, gen. case, from
4jt)i to permit.
Verse 12.
j^,Parad. 8, § 16.
LXIV. V. 12. — ALQORAN. — LXIV. v. 13. 109
eloquent.
u5) to he manifest.
Veese 13.
adverb, and fut. 3 pers. masc. sing., Conj. V., from J^j to
commend.
Vekse 14.
in invocations.
No. 7.
pi., fromjAsv. J
with suff. 3 pers. masc. pi.
9 ta^-fu, fut. 2 pers. masc. pi. apoc. (after ^^i , § 11, note),
yy h.
\ ^ ^ ^ >
Cx Jo^^o ««o
Verse 15.
s ^ ^ ^
« fam-wa-lu-hum, subst. masc. pi., irr. of Jti», from Jt«
'^
Jit-na-ton, subst. fern, sing., ^^ -'
to try, essay, struggle.
^ t
^ s.aj-run, subst. masc. sing., from^;^i to reward, repay.
Verse 16.
<i
fat-ta-qu, pref. uJ (emphatical) before imp. masc. pi.,
VIII. with irr. § 16, Parad. 4, forj, and Parad. 9, for t/.
'^
was-ma-^u, conj.j, and imp. masc. pi. Conj. I., from ^-^•*:
^-
iva-s-an-ji-quy conj.j and imp. masc. pi., Conj. IV., from
fj^ to go out.
* shuh-ha, subst. masc. sing., ace. case (comp. John, ver. 6/),
Veese 17.
« tuq-ri-du, fut. 2 pers. masc. pi. apoc. (after ^)^ Conj. IV.,
' ^ '' ^
.wiae-the ,mighty-tlie ,manifest-is-what-and
good.
fromji.c to cover.
Verse 18.
he witness.
versation, neither the tenwins nor the vowels are sounded when they
nounced, qid-tu, but quit; *-i-c is not sounded s-il-mi^ but s-ilm.
The exceptions to this rule are, however, very numerous, and can
In France. ^Li ti
ox X Ox
For a sum of money. >»J^lJt>
t^"^^
^ X jOw-O XX Ox^
Notwithstanding the bad weather, b J, ^^y 1 ^jlS' jJj
VOCABULARY OP PREPOSITIONS. 117
Besides my lodging.
By land.
Among authors.
^6 -o •5' J
During the day.
For my sister.
Without recommendation.
In my hand.
118 GRAMMATICAL EXERCISES.
By dint of courage.
G :J G ^
Danube. ^y^Ul ^^ ^
120 GRA3IMATICAL EXERCISES.
•
C. •«'0<«0 ^^
In tlie French tongue. aL^jlgujUiJl <Xxl ^1
C
*^ ^^ O^ « ^
Very early.
^J^ ^Jx.
From Paris.
*L/**:!^V ^j"*
i'Jh'O ^ O^
I have been. ^
He has acted. J*i ji
v» ^cj; -'^
o^ o^o^ o ^
Have you sent it? <ul-jjl Jj&
• •^ O-'
s. ^ o^ • ^^
I have met your brother. cJU-1 l::^U Ul
He has passed.
We walked.
I have found your sister.
Sit down.
He was sitting. UU ^^
He made his escape.
We are here.
I have accompanied your brother. CJ U-l L::-^Jkss^ U
I shall always be glad to ^ £^ ,''
— ^^^^
-
^|
see you. -i!: ^*J^ ^ ^T
He lends money. ^l^jJl u-dLc jjb
-
I ordered my country house ''^ " *r^
to be built. ^y ..^.i^
p^ ltV; ^^^-^
.""i
He is gone. A^ ji
. . o
Dukes are . . , , .
^ ^U \
He is taller.
(iiT*) Jj^^ j^
He is married. ^jjJ y^
J o^ ^
Have you seen him since his arrival? iSya^ Joo <^>J»!
>.-o^ K,<»)^ ^ o.
y^Xj
^^ ^Jk) dj\ Cl^^ IjuuUl
^ -' >
^
From the beginning I foresaw that he would succeed.
o ^ o^ ^o-
^ji4
;;
^^^ ^
Let us have humanity one towards another.
*^-'
v^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ -' ^ .
^\jii
t^ dia^ly CJj^l ,Jcc i^^^ ^
He will recommend your brother for a sum of money.
y y' y '
ij y S y s^
your account. ^ •
^ ^
I ^ •• ^
He lends money at the rate of five per cent.
y O yy O -O ^ -Ji -«0
^'^^ ^-r^^
I'^^U
J ^ ^ o ^
They are come back from ... ... ^ Wt:; [^
o ^ .^cSi
y ^ y y " ^ "y ^
CONSISTING OP
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