Geri Madanguit Alana Herst Jamie Schmid

1) Observations Qualitative - Different Chemicals - Copper Chloride is blue - Iron Chloride are orange rocks - Calcium Chloride are small white balls - Sodium Chloride is a fine white grain - Aluminum is silver 2) Variables: a. Independent: Type of chloride b. Dependent: Temperature of the mixture when aluminum has been added c. Control: Copper Chloride mixture 3) Constants : Amount of water, amount of chemicals, size of beakers 4) Hypothesis a. If you remove the copper from copper chloride and replace it with another chemical, then it will not react to the aluminum. 5) Procedure a. Pour 50ml of water into each of the four beakers b. Add the 3.00 grams of copper chloride to the first beaker and stir until it is dissolved in the water c. Add the 3.04 grams of sodium chloride into the second beaker and stir until it is dissolved d. Add the 3.05 grams of iron chloride to the third beaker and stir until dissolved Quantitative - Copper Chloride: 3.00 grams - Sodium Chloride: 3.04 grams - Calcium Chloride: 3.01 grams - Iron Chloride: 3.05 grams - Four beakers with 50 ml of water - Four aluminum foil balls: 1.75 grams each - 3 minutes total for the mixture to set with aluminum

e. Add the 3.01 grams of the calcium chloride to the fourth beaker and stir until dissolved f. Place the thermometer into the beaker with the copper chloride. Let the mixture sit for 10 seconds before putting in the aluminum. g. Add the aluminum to the copper chloride; let it sit for 3 minutes total. Keep the thermometer in the copper chloride for the full 5 minutes and record the temperature h. Repeat steps f and g for each chemical Qualitative - In Copper Chloride, the aluminum turned red and the mixture from blue green to grey. The aluminum is partly broken apart. - The aluminum is still silver in the sodium chloride. The mixture is still clear, but slightly foggy - The iron chloride turned the water orange. The aluminum is still silver. The aluminum is still intact. - The calcium chloride turned the water a foggy white. The aluminum is still silver and intact Safety Precaution: Use goggles when working with the chlorides Use gloves because some of the chlorides are skin irritants Dont stick hand in reaction, please use temperature device Quantitative -The mass of the aluminum in the copper chloride increased to 7.71 grams -The mass of the aluminum in the sodium chloride increased to 6.49 grams -The mass of the aluminum in the iron chloride increased to 5.49 grams -The mass of the aluminum in the calcium chloride increased to 6.91 grams

Conclusion As a group, we did an experiment. This experiment tested the aluminum in different environments. We were trying to solve what was the difference between the chlorides: copper chloride, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and iron chloride. These chlorides were each 3.00 grams and they were each poured into 50 mL of water. Each aluminum ball was 1.75 grams. Once the aluminum was placed into each of the mixtures, they had their own individual reaction. The aluminum in the copper chloride mixture turned red and corroded onto the aluminum. When we put aluminum in the mixtures containing sodium chloride, iron chloride, and calcium chloride, there was no physical change. We individually filtered each aluminum ball. The masses changed because even after filtration, there was still some water residue on the aluminum that had not been completely removed. This is shown because the mass of the sodium chloride ball increased to 6.49g. The calcium chloride increased to 6.91g, and iron chloride increased to 5.49g. We are unsure if this is because water absorbed into the aluminum, or if the water chemically bonded to the aluminum. The red residue created by the combination of copper and aluminum had a different mass than the original aluminum. The original aluminum was 1.75 grams and the mass after the reaction was 7.71g. This increase is more of an increase than the other aluminum balls. Did the copper chemically bond to the aluminum and raise the mass? Or was it because water chemically bonded to the aluminum? The copper chloride mixture increased temperature when the aluminum was added. However, the qualitative observation of the red copper attachment to the aluminum makes us believe otherwise because it appears as though the composition of the aluminum changed. We are unsure whether this proves that the change in the aluminum was physical or chemical. The other chemicals combined with chloride did not react to the aluminum; they showed no significant temperature change. This shows that it was not the chloride that created the reaction with the aluminum, but the copper. Another solution could be that the chloride causes a reaction but only when combined with copper.