Seminar Teknologi GSM vs CDMA

Setyo Budianto Manager O&M Network setyo@telkom.co.id www.setyobudianto.com

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Content
Wireless World Market CDMA Technology Overview CDMA Technology Evolution

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Wireless World Market

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Wireless Subscriber in The World

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Key Drivers For Wireles Market Expansion

Global Roaming More Capacity, High Speed Data Medium Speed Data

Multi-Mode Multi-Band CDMA2000 MultiNetwork CDMA-GSM

Capacity/Quality Roaming Mobility

AMPS
1G

TDMA/ GSM

cdmaOne IS-95A
2G

cdmaOne IS-95 B GPRS

WCDMA

2.5G

3G

Time
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Worldwide 2G and 3G Subscriber Trends

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Wireless Handset in India

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CDMA Technology Overview

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Multiple Access Technology

FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)
1 user/narrowband channel 4.8 TCH/Mhz/Cell Capacity depends much on spectrum

TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)

8 Users/Narrowband Channel 10.0 TCH/Mhz/Cell Capacity depends much on spectrum

CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)

N Users/Wideband Channel 8 kbps vocoder : mobile 56.1 TCH/Mhz/Cell fixed 86.2 TCH/MHz/Cell 13 kbps vocoder : mobile 29.6 TCH/Mhz/Cell Capacity depends much on noise level

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CDMA - How does coding work?

A room with several pairs of people with different language The air in the room is the carrier The language is the coding system Other languages are heard as noise New pairs can join to talk in the same room until it is too noisy If people whisper, more conversation can take place

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Frequency Planning
GSM
2 10 3 11 4 12 7 2 1 9 8 10 3 5 11 4 1 12 7 6 10 9 11 8 12 2 1 9 10 3 5 11 4 12 7 6 9 8 1 5 6 2 3 5 4 6 7 8

CDMA
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

4 site, 12 frequency repeat

N=1 frequency repeat

CDMA nearly eliminates cost of frequency planning

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Soft Handoff
The mobile unit is monitored by two or more cell sites Comparing the best quality frames on frame-by-frame basis Take advantage of the moment-by-moment changes Minimizing drop call and noise during handoffs

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CDMA Power Control

Ensures equal receive power from all subscribers
avoids "near-far" problem

Forward and reverse link power control

MS power measured at cell site and MS is commanded to change power in small steps (1.25 msec)

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Path Diversity
GSM
Fading is more likely to cause loss of information = lower speech quality
Receiver

D/A

Fading

CDMA
Effects of fading are mitigated through use of multiple receivers that sum radio signals from different cells and from reflected rays.
Fading

Rake Receiver
Receiver Receiver Receiver

D/A

Audio

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Frequency Diversity
TDMA
30 kHz
-80 dB -90 dB -110 dB -120 dB -80 dB -90 dB -110 dB -120 dB

12 dB Loss
30 kHz

Outgoing Waveform

12 dB Fade

Received Waveform

The entire 30 kHz Channel of TDMA is affected by this same fade. Therefore, total fade to end user is 12 dB

CDMA
1.25 MHz
-80 dB -90 db -110 db -120 db -80 dB -90 dB -110 dB -120 dB

2 dB Loss
1.25 MHz

Outgoing Waveform

12 dB Fade

Received Waveform

This 400 kHz fade of 12 dB only affects 1/3 of CDMA bandwidth. Therefore, total fade to CDMA user is 2 dB

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CDMA 2000 Network Architecture

Circuit Switched Network
BSC1
WIN HLR VMS SMS

MS

BTS1

MSC IWF
PSTN ATM

PC MS

BTS2 BSC2

PDSN/FA

HA Internet

RAN
AAA Server

Application Server

Packet Switched Network

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CDMA Technology Evolution

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Wireless Services Trend

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The 3G Choice is CDMA

IMT-2000 Standard 2 Mbps in fixed or in-building environments 384 kbps in pedestrian or urban environments 144 kbps in wide area mobile environments Variable data rates in large geographic area systems (satellite)

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3G CDMA Evolution
3G CDMA Designed for In-Band Migration and New Spectrum
1.25 MHz
Optimized for Data

CDMA2000 1xEV-DO
IS-856, Rel. 0 Enhancements Rel. A

Dedicated & Optimized For Packet Data 2.4 Mbps Peak Rates All IP Architecture 2G CDMA 2.5G CDMA

QoS, Broadcast, Personal Media, IMM ,2x

Fwd & Rev. Capacity Gains Forward Link: Peak Rate 3.1 mbps Reverse Link: Peak Rate 1.8 mbps

Additional voice capacity doubling - Terminal antenna diversity

1.25 MHz In - Band

Voice & Data

cdmaOne Migration and

IS - 95A IS-95B 64 kbps packet data Channel Concatenation

CDMA2000 1X
IS-2000 Rel. 0 Double voice capacity Fast Fwd Power Control Coherent Uplink 153.6 kbps packet data Turbo Codes Rel. A 307 kbps packet data Simultaneous voice and data Rel. B Rel. C

1xEV-DV
Rel. D

14.4 kbps data Soft Handoff Synchronous Timing

Improvements Forward Link: to data Peak Rate: services. 3.1 mbps More flexible data packet scheduling. Reverse Link: Peak Rate: 1.8 mbps

Designed for New Spectrum

5 MHz
Voice & Data

UMTS (WCDMA)
3GPP Rel. 99 Rel. 4

HSDPA
Rel. 5

HSUPA
Rel. 6

64/384 kbps cs/packet data Improvements Enhanced to data services Up-Link Soft handoff Asynchronous timing More flexible data packet scheduling

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2004

2005

2006
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Mobile Service Evolution

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CDMA2000 Deployment

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CDMA Terminals

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Thai

Traditional Chinese

Russian

Thank You Gracias

Spanish English

Terima Kasih
Merci
French Arabic

Obrigado
Brazilian Portuguese

Grazie
Italian Simplified Chinese

Danke
German

Japanese

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