TMS 402/602-16 Building Code Requirements and Specification for Masonry Structures Containing TMS 402-16 Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (Formerly also designated as ACI 530 and ASCE 5) TMS 602-16 Specification for Masonry Structures (Formerly also designated as ACI 530.1 and ASCE 6) and Companion Commentaries ‘Agvancing the knowedge of masonry ‘The Masonry Society 105 South Sunset Sreet, Suite Q ‘Longmont, CO 8050"Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021 ABSTRACT Building Code Requirements and Specification for Masonry Structures contains two standards and their commentaries: Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures designated as TMS 402-16 (and formerly designated as TMS 402/ACI SBOIASCE 5) and Specification for Masonry Structures designated as TMS 602-16 (and formerly designated as TMS GO2IACT 530.1/ASCE 6). These standards are produced by The Masonry's Society's Committee TMS 402/602 and were formerly developed trough the joint sponsorship of The Masonry Society (TMS), the American ConereteInsitate (ACI, and the Structural Engineering Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers (SEUASCE) through the Masonry Standards Joint Committee (MSIC).In late 2013, ACI and ASCE relinquished their rights to these standards to TMS who tas served asthe lead sponsor ofthe Standards for a number of years. Since then, the Committe has operated solely under the sponsorship of The Masonry Society, and the Committees name, andthe names of the standards, wee re-designated. The Code covers the design and constuction of masonry structures while the Specification is concemed with minimum construction requirements for masonry in structures. Some of the topies covered in the Code are: definitions, contract documents; quality assurance; materials; placement of embedded items; analysis and design; stength and serviceabili flexural and axial loads; shear; details and development of reinforcement; walls; columns; pilasters; beams and lintels, seismic design requirements; glass unit masonry; veneers; and autoclaved aerated concrete masonry. An empirical design method and a prescriptive: method. applicable to buildings meeting specific location and construction criteria are also included. The Specification covers subjects such as quality assurance requirements for materials; the placing, bonding and anchoring of masonry; and the placement of grout and of reinforcement. This Specification is meant to be moaified and referenced in the Project Manual. The Code is writen as legal document and the Specification as a master specification required by the Code. The commentaries present background details. commitice considerations, and research data used to imPrinted by Jessica Yee trom jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021 Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (TMS 402-16) TABLE OF CONTENTS SYNOPSIS AND KEYWORDS, pg. C-ix PART 1 — GENERAL, pg. C-1 CHAPTER I — GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, pg. C- 1.1 — Scope. cr LLL Minimum requirements i ne Col 11.2 Governing building code cl 113 Slinformation “Cs 1.2 —Contract documents and calculations. AFTER, UNNI ANRITSU EB apm corn 202) mn 3.1.1 Procedures, 3.1.2 Qulifications. 3.1.3 Acceptance relative to strength requirements 3.2 — Construction considerations 3.2.1 Grouting, minimum spaces 3.22 Embedded conduits, pipes, and sleeves PART 2— DESIGN REQUIREMENTS, pg. C-29 CHAPTER 4 GENERAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS, pg, C29 4.1 — Loading C29 4.1.1 General aap 2 - C29 4.12 Load provisions. cata pei 629 4.13 Lateral load resistancs os 7 C29 4.14 Load transfer at horizontal connections... C29 AAS Other effects. C30 4.1.6 Lateral load distribution C30 4.2 —Material properties 42.1 General. 4.22 Elastic moduli 423 Coefficients of thermal expansion, 424 Coetficients of moisture expansion for clay masonry. 42.5 Coefficients of shrinkage 426 Coefficients of creep 427. Prestressing steel... Printed by Jessica Yee trom jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmslip.com on 3 ea “TMs 40246 4.3 —Seetion properties... 43.1 Stress calculations: 43.2 Stiffness... 43.3 Radius of gyration 43.4 Bearing area 4.4 — Connection to structural frames. 4.5 —Masonry not lai in running bond.. C39 |APTER S — STRUCTURALMEMBERS, pg. C-41 5.1 — Masonry assemblies. cal 5.1.1 Intersecting walls. Cal 5.1.2 _ Effective compressive width per ba cad 5.13 Concentrated loads. 5.14 Multiwythe masonry 5.2— Beams. 52.1 General beam design 52.2 Deep beams. — Columns _— 53.1. General column design . aca C56 53.2 Lightly loaded columns... cs? 54— Pilasters C39 55 — Corbels i dessive Yee't yretpcomvon 9122/2004 cs9 55.1 Loadbearing Cobeb/ vores vee om esee yor@anstp es 552 Non-load-bearing corbels. C59 ‘CHAPTER 6— REINFORCEMENT, METAL ACCESSORIES, AND ANCHOR BOLTS, pg C-63 6.1 —Reinforcement. 6.1.1 Embedment Size of reinforcement Placement of reinforcement. Protection of reinforcement. Development... Splices. Shear reinforcement. Standard hooks and bends for reinforcing bar, stirups, nd tes Embedment of flexural reinforcement 1 f 1 1 1 fl i i 62 —Metal accessories. 62.1 Protection of metal accessories 63 — Anchor bots. 63.1 Placement. 6.32 Projected area for axial tension 6.3.3 Projected area for shear. 634 Effective embedment length for headed anchor bols 63.5 Effective embedment length of bent-bar anchor bolt. 6.36 Minimum permissible effective embedment length 63.7 Anchor bolt edge distance... Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsilp.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES: (CHAPTER 7 — SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS, pg. C-85 DA Scope 72__ General analysis... 7.2.1 Element interaction 722° Load path 723 Anchorage design. 724 Drift limits 73__ Element classification 73.1 Nonpartcipating elements 73.2 Paricipating elements 7.4__ Seismic Design Category requirements... 74.1 Seismic Design Category A requirements, 742. Seismic Design Category B requirements... Category C requirements PART 3— ENGINEERED DESIGN METHODS, pg. C-101 CHAPTER 8 — ALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN OF ABONRY| pg) CABi 8.1 — General. BAL Scope 8.12. Design strength 8.1.3 Anchor bolts embedded in grout S4 Shen ses PUMPS on ese yeep coon 7222027 8.2— Unreinforced masonry 82.1 Scope. 822 Design criteria. 8.23 Design assumptions. 824 ‘compression and flexure, 825 tension 826 8.3 — Reinforced masonry ... 83.1 Scope... 83.2 Design 833 Steel reinforcement — Allowable stresses. ‘Axial compression and flexure. 835 Shear.. (CHAPTER 9 —STRENGTH DESIGN OF MASONRY, pg. C-123 9.1.2. Required strength 9.1.3 Design strength 4 Strength-reduetion factors 5 Deformation requirements {6 Anchor bolts embedded in grout 7. Shear strength in multiwythe masonry '8 Nominal bearing strength 9 Material properties... Printed by Jessica Yee trom jessica yee@gmsiip.com on 3122/2021 ca “C127Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsilp.com on 3122/2021 2 — Unreinforced (plain) masonry 9.2.1 Scope 92.2 Design erteria 923 Design assumptions 9.24 Nominal flexural and axial strength 925 Axial tension 9.2.6 Nominal shear strength 9.3 — Reinforced masonry 93.1 Scope 93.2. Design assumptions. 933. Reinforcement requirements and details. 93.4 Design of beams and columns. 9.3.5 Wall design for out-of-plane loads 9.3.6 Wall design for in-plane loads CHAPTER 10— PRESTRESSED MASONRY, pe, CISL 10.1 — General casi 10.1.1 Scope. csi 10.2 — Design methods... cis 10.2.1 General. e132 102.2 After transfer. c-152 103 ~ Permit steven pressing enor: : cis 103.1, Jacking foree.. — C152 103.2. Immediately after transfer C132 10.33 Post-tensioned masonry members C132 10.3.4 fective prptitth by Jessice efron jossice-yeetgmsip:con on 922/202 153 10.4 —Axial compression and flexure casa VOA.L General reno 10.42 Allowable stress level load requirements 10.4.3. Strength requirements 10.5 — Axial tension 10.6 — Shear 10.7 — Deflection 10.8 —Prestressing tendon anchorages, couplers, and end blocks 10.9 — Protection of prestressing tendons and accessories... 10.10 — Development of bonded tendons (CHAPTER 11 STRENGTH DESIGN OF AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE (AAC) MASONRY, pg. C-161 HL General C161 ILL Scope. . C-l61 11.1.2. Required strength z see C16] 11.13. Design strength C-161 L114 Strength of joins... C-161 ILLS. Strength-reduction factors C162 11.16 Deformation requirements C162 11.1.7 Anchor bolts. C163, 11.1.8 Material properies. C163 11.1.9 Nominal bearing strength 11.1.10Corbels Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES, cw 1.2 —Unreinforeed (plain) AAC masonry. M21 Scope. 11.22 Flexural strength of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry members... 11.23 Nominal axial strength of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry members 11.24 Axial tension. 11.2.5. Nominal shear strength of unreinforced (piain) AAC masonry members. 11.26 Flexural cracking. 11.3 ~ Reinforced AAC masonry. 11.3.1 Scope. 11.32 Design assumptions, 11333 Reinforcement requirements and details. 11.34 Design of beams and columns. 11.3.5 Wall design for out-of-plane loads. 1136 Wall design for in-plane loads PART 4— PRESCRIPTIVE DESIGN METHODS, pg. C-179 CHAPTER 12— VENEER, pg. C-179 12.1 — General c-79 12.1.1 Scope... C179 12.12 Design of anchored veneer c9 12.1.3 Design of adhered veneer. “C181 12.14 Dimension stone. -C-181 12.15 Aamochoed ered pour rmooty wee csi 12.146 General design requirement... csi Printed by Jessica Yee rom jessica yee@gmsp.com on 12.2 — Anchored Veneer C182 122.1 Alternative design of anchored masonry veneer el C182 1222 Prescriptive requirements for anchored masonry veneer oy i sone C82, 123 — Adhered Veneer . C189 12.3.1. Alterative design of adhered masonry veneer C189 1232 Prescriptive requirements for adhered masonry veneer C189 CHAPTER 13— GLASS UNIT MASONRY, pg. C-191 13.1 — General. C19 13.1.1 Seope. ra ei 5 . ron C191 13.12 General design requirements 7 z > ven C191 TB.D3 Units neni C191 13.2—Panel Size. C191 13.2.1 Exterior standard-unit panels = . von C192 132.2 Exterior thin-unit panels C193, 1323 Interior standard-unit panels c-193 13.24 Interior thin-unit panels... C194 1325 Curved panels. : C194 13.3 — Support ese c-194 133.1 General requirements ss esate rernnee CDA 1332 Vertical oa semen C194 1333 Lateral C194 13.4 — Expansion joins C195 13.5 — Base surface treatment C195 Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021cat 13.6 — Mortar 13.7 — Reinforcement (CHAPTER 14 — MASONRY PARTITION WALLS, pg. C-197 14.1 — General 14.1.1. Scope. 14.12. Design of partition walls, 14.2 — Prescriptive design of partition walls 14.2.1. Permitted types of masonry 1422 General 1423 Limitations 14.3 — Lateral support 143.1, Maximum 1 and ht 1432 Cantilever walls 143.3. Support members 14.4 — Anchorage . 14.4.1 General. fine 14.4.2. Imersecting masonry partition walls . 14.4.3. Anchorage to structural members... 14.5 — Miscellaneous requirements. 14.5.1 Chases and recesses 14.5.2. Lap splices Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica.yee@gmelip.com an 3/22/2021 Printed by ica Yee from jessica yee@gmelip.com on 3/22 TMs 402.46 C195 C195 C197 c.197 197 c-197 c-197 c-197 C-198 c-199 C199) C199 C200 e201 C201 C201 C201 ©-202Printed by Jessica Yee trom jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES. omit PART S— APPENDICES, pg. C-203, APPENDIX A — EMPIRICAL DESIGN OF MASONRY, pg. C-203 Al — General ‘ C203 ALD Scope sn C203 A.L2 Limitations C203 A2—Height.. 207 A3 — Lateral stability C207 ‘AB. Shear walls. C207 32. Roofs AA — Compressive stress requirements c-209 ‘AA Calculations. C209 ‘A42 Allowable compressive stresses. . nnaenne ©2209 AS —Lateral support a Bi .. 5 C212 ‘ASL Maximum I and ht e212 AS2_ Cantilever walls ‘AS Support members A.6 —Thickness of masonry ‘AGL. General A62. Minimum thickness C213 A63 Foundation walls C214 AGA Foundation piers... c2l4 inte by JeaSica VES Hoi jessica Vebwaialp Cori GH AT —Bond - cca C218 AL General cals ‘A7.2 Bonding with masonry headers. cals AT3 Bonding with wall ties or joint reinforcement nrarnnr itt cas ALTA. Natural or cast stone... . C216 AB — Anchorage .. ABL. General ncn ‘A82_ Intersecting walls. ‘A83_ Floor and roof anchorage. A84 Walls adjoining structural framing, A.9 — Miscellancous requirements A9.1 Chases and recesses ‘92 Lintels APPENDIX B— DESIGN OF MASONRY INFILL, pg, C-221 B.I — General B.1.1 Scope B12 Required strength B.13. Design strength 2 B.1.4 Strengthereduction factors... BLS Limitations B.2.—Non-partcipating infills : . C23 B.2.1__In-plane isolation joints for non-partcipating infills C23 B22 Design of for non-participating infills for out-ofsplane loads C23 Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021rinted by Jessica Yee from jessica yeo@gmsiip.com on 3122/2021 coi B.3 — Participating infill B31 General ae 7 B.3.2__In-plane connection requirements for participating infills 3.3 Out-of plane connection requirements for participating inils. B.34 Design of for participating infils for in-plane force B.3.5 Design of frame members with participating infills for in-plane loads B.3.6 Design of participating infills for out-of-plane forces... APPENDIX C — LIMIT DESIGN METHOD, pe. C-229 C— General se C.1 — Yield mechanism. C.2.—Mechanism strength (C3. —Mechanism deformation EQUATION CONVERSIONS, pg. C-231 CONVERSION OF INCH-POUND UNITS TO SI UNITS, pg: ©-243 PREFIXES, pg. C-243, REFERENCE FOR THE CODE COMMENTARY, pg. C-245 Printed by Jessica Yee from jossica.yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021 TMs 402.46 C224 C224 C224 ens e225 227 227 o29 ©2290 C230 ©230Printed by Jessica Yee trom jessica yee@gmsilp.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES, ome Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (TMS 402-16) SYNOPSIS This Code covers the design and construction of masonry structures. It is written in such form that it may be adopted by reference in a legally adopted building code. Among the subjects covered are: definitions; contract documents; quality assurance; ‘materials; placement of embedded items; analysis and design; strength and serviceability; flexural and axial loads: shear; details and development of reinforcement; walls; columns; pilasters; beams and lintels; seismic design requirements; glass unit masonry; and veneers. An empirical design method applicable to buildings meeting specific location and construction criteria are also included. The quality, inspection, testing, and placement of materials used in construetion are covered by reference to TMS 602-16 Specification for Masonry Structures and other standards Keywords: AC, masonry, allowable stress design, anchors (fasteners): anchorage (structural); autoclaved aerated concrete masonry, beams; building codes; cements; clay brick; clay tile; columns; compressive strength; conerete block; concrete brick: ‘construction; detailing; empirical design; flexural strength; glass units; grout; grouting: infills; joints; loads (forces); limit design; masonry: masonry cements; masonry load bearing PaniorhiaosepsiamXRe Aiemanigsninty MRLATRAUPROTy hese pilasters; prestressed masonry, quality assurance; reinforced masonry; reinforcing steel; seismic requirements; shear strength; specifications; splicing; stresses; strength design, structural analysis; structural design; tes; unreinforced masonry; veneers; wall. Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021rinted by Jessica Yee from jessica. yee@gmslip.com on 3122/2 TMS 402.46 ‘This page is intentionally left blank. Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2024 9722/2021 Printed byPrinted by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY ca PART 1: GENERAL CHAPTER 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS TMS 402 CODE 44 —Scope LLL Minimum requirements is Code provides minimum requirements for the structural design and construction of masonry consisting of masonry units bedded in mortar. Print 1.1.2 Governing building code This Code supplements the legally adopted building code and shall govern in matters pertaining to structural design and construction of masonry. In areas without a legally adopted building code, this Code defines the minimum acceptable standards of design and construction practice. 113 SV information SI values shown in parentheses are not part of this Code. The equations in this document are for use with the specified inch-pound units only. Printed by Jessica Ye COMMENTARY 4.4 —Scope LLL Minimum requirements This Code governs structural design of both structural and non-structural masonry. Examples of non= structural masonry are masonry veneer, glass unit ‘masonry, and masonry partitions. Structural design aspects of non-structural masonry include, but are not Timited to, gravity and lateral support, and load transfer to supporting members. ‘Masonry structures may be required to have enhanced structural integrity as part of a comprehensive design against progressive collapse due to accident, misuse, sabotage or other causes. General design guidance addressing this issue is available in Commentary Section 14 of ASCE 7. Suggestions from that Commentary, of specific application to many masonry structures, include by Jessica Yee from jessica Raed Lites Wo-soesideration of plan layout to ‘incorporate returns on walls, both interior and exterior; use of load-bearing interior walls; adequate continuity of walls ties, and joint rigidity; providing walls capable of beam action; ductile detailing and the use of compartmentalized construction. 1.13. Slinformation ‘The equivalent equations for use with SI units are provided in the Equation Conversions table in Par 5 ‘om jessica. yee@amsllp.com on 3/22/2021Prin from jessice 2 TMS 402 CODE 4.2— Contract documents and calculations 1.2.1 Show all Code-required drawing items on the project drawings, including: @) Name and date of issue of Code and supplement to which the design conforms. ) © Loads used for the design of masonry structures. ‘Specified compressive strength of masonry at stated ages ‘or stages of construction for which masonry is designed, for each partof the structure, except for masonry designed in accordance with Par 4 or Appendix A. Size and location of structural members. (a (6) Details of anchorage of masonry to structural ‘members, frames, and other construction, including the yyee@gmsip.com on 9/22/2021 Ms 402.46 COMMENTARY 1.2— Contract documents and calculations. The provisions for preparation of project drawings, project. speciction, and issuance of permits are, in general, consistent with those of most legally adopted building codes and are Intended as supplements to those codes. This Code is not intended to be made a part of the contract documents. The contractor should not be required through contract documents 10 assume responsibility for design (Code) requirements, unless the construction entity is acting in a design-build capacity. 1.2.1. This Code lists some of the more important items of information that must be included in the project drawings or project specifications, This is not an all inclusive list, and additional items may be required by the building oficial type, size, and locatiiofadbbyateanica Yee from jessica. yee@gmsiip.com on 3/22/2021 Details of reinforcement, including the size, grade, type, lap splice length, and location of reinforcement Reinforcing bars tobe wekied and welding requirements Provision for dimensional changes resulting from ‘clastic deformation, creep, shrinkage, temperature, and moisture. ® (ny (i) Size and permitted location of conduits, pipes, and sleeves, 1.2.2 Each portion of the structure shall be designed based on the specified compressive strength of rmasoney for that part of the structure, except for portions designed in accordance with Part 4 or Appendix A. 1.2.3 The contract documents shall be consistent with design assumptions. 1.24 Contract documents shall speci ‘minimum level of quality assurance as defined in Section 3.1, or shall include an itemized quality assurance program ‘that equals of exceeds the requirements of Section 3.1 1.2.2 Masonry design performed in accordance with ‘engineered methods is based on the specified compressive strength ofthe masonry. For engineered masonry structural adequacy of masonry construction requires that the compressive strength of masonry equals or exceeds the specified strength. Masonry design by prescriptive approaches relies on rules and masonry compressive ‘strength need not be verified. 1.23 The contract documents must accurately reflect design requirements, For example, joint and opening, locations assumed in the design should be coordinated with locations shown on the drawings. 1.24 Verification that masonry construction conforms to the contract documents is required by this Code. A program of quality assurance must be included in the contract documents to satisfy this Code requirement.Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES AND CONMENTARY os TMS 402 CODE COMMENTARY 1.3—Alternative design or method of © 1.3—Alternative design or method of construction construction The provisions of this Code and the TMS 602 Specification referenced within this Code are not intended to prohibit a design or exclude a method of construction ‘within the scope of this Code and the Specification but not specifically prescribed therein, provided such design or ‘method of construction has been approved by the authority having jurisdiction, 4.4 — Standards cited in this Code Standards of the American Concrete Institute, the American Society of Civil Engineers, ASTM International, the American Welding Society, and The Masonry Society cited in this Code are listed below with their serial designations, including year of adoption or revision, and are declared to be part of this Code as if fully set forth in this document, ‘TMS 602-16 — Specification for Masonry Structures. ANSI A137.1-12 —Standard Specification for Ceramic Tile ASCE 7-16 — Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures ASTM AAIGIAI6M-1GsneSigd Sop TowRelation SORE Sea Maa Pentel Cacia ASTM A2I/AM2IM-IS — Standard Speciation for Sire-Releved Sel Wire for Prestressed Concrete ASTM. ATOGATIGM-I6 — Stodard Speciation fr Deformed and Pin Low-Allay Stel Bas for Concete Rehercenent ASTM AT2I/A720M-15 — Stand Speci Steg Stel Bars fr rested Conse ASTM C3413 — Standard Specification for Structural lay Load-earng Wall Tie ASTM Cs5ui4a — Stand Spesifeton fr Concrete Building Brick ASTM C62-I3a — Standard Speciation for Bulking Brick Solid Masonry Units Made from Cay o Shale) ASTM C7314 — Standard Spesfstion for Calcium Site Bick Sandie Bch) ASTM C90-14 — Stand Spsfation or Loadbeaing Concrete Masonry Units ASTM C126415 — StndarSpecifeton for Ceramic Claed Sra Clay Facing Tile, Facing Bch nd Solid Masonry Unis 1 for High- New methods of design, new materials, and new uses ‘of materials must undergo a period of development before being specifically addressed by a code. Hence, valid systems or components might be excluded from use by implication if means were not available to obtain acceptance. This section permits proponents to submit data substantiating the adequacy of their system or component toa board of examiners. 1.4 — Standards cited in this Code ‘These standards are referenced in this Code. Specific Gates are listed here because changes to the standard may result in changes of properties or procedures Contact information for these organizations is given below: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, VA 20191 wwweasee org, sica yeeaymsiiau dion Starnbods Institute (ANSD) 25 West 43rd Street, ‘New York, NY 10036 wowansi ong ASTM International 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 wow astm.org “American Welding Society (AWS) 8669 NW 36" Street, Suite 130 ‘Miami, Florida 33166-6672 wwwaws.org ‘The Masonry Society (TMS) 105 South Sunset Stret, Suite Q Longmont, Colorado 80501-6172 ‘www.masonrysociety.org Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/20214 ‘rms 40246 TMS 402 CODE COMMENTARY ASTM C140/140M-15 !" — Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units ASTM C216-IS — Standatd Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made fom Clay or Shale) ASTM €426-15 «| — Standard Test Method for Linear Drying Shrinkage of Concrete Masonry Units ASTM 476-10 — Standard Specification for Grout for Masonry [ASTM ©482-02 (2014) — Standard Test Method for Bond Strength of Ceramie Tie to Portland Cement Paste ASTM (652-15 — Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale) ASTM 744-14 — Standard Specification for Prefaced CConerete and Calcium Silieate Masonry Units ASTM 1006-07 (2013) — Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Masonry Units ASTM C1088-14 — Standard. Specification for ‘Thin Veneer Brick Units Made from Clay or Shale ASTM C140S-15 — Standard Specification for Glazed Brick (Single Fred, Brick Units) ASTM C1611/C161 Mon cast i a Sump Fw of sa ae ese Ne MOM sie yecenpmatn com on zr ASTM C1634-15 — Standard Specification for Concrete Facing Brick ASTM C1693-11 — Standard Specification for Autoclaved ‘Aerated Concrete (AAC) ASTM E111-04 (2010) — Standard Test Method for Young's Modulus, Tangent Modulus, and Chord Modulus ASTM. B488.96 (2003) — Standard Test Methods for ‘Strength of Anchors in Concrete and Masonry Elements AWS D L4/DLAM: 2011 — Stuctual Welding Code — Reinforcing Stel Printed by Jessica Yee trom jessice.yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY CHAPTER 2 NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS TMS 402 CODE 2.4 —Notation Ay = cross-sectional area ofan anchor bolt, in? (mm) Ai = bearing area, in. (mn?) Az ~ gross cross-sectional area ofa member, in? (mn?) Ay = neteross-sectional area of a member, in. (mn?) Ane = net erosssectional area between the neural axis of bending and the fiber of maximum compressive strain calculated at the nominal ‘moment capacity ofthe section, in? (mm?) dm net shear ares, in? (mm) Am ~ area of prstressing see, in? (mn?) Aw projected tension area on masonry surface of a Fight circular cone, in.2 (mam?) Ap = projected shear area on masonry surface of one Aw half of aright circular cone, in. (mn?) area_of nonprestressed longitudinal tension reinforcement, in? (mm?) area of reinfordent placed win the fap, cach end of the lapped reinforcing bars and transverse to ther, in. (mm?) cross-sectional area of reinforcement within the net shear area, perpendicular to and crossing the horizontal shear plane, in? (mm?) total area of laterally tied longitudinal reinforcing steel, in? (mm) cross-sectional area of shear reinforcement, in? (mm?) loaded area, in? (mm?) supporting bearing area in? (mm?) depth of an equivalent compression stress block at nominal strength, in. (mm) allowable axial load on an anchor bolt, Ib (N) allowable axial tensile load on an anchor bolt ‘when governed by masonry breakout, Ib (N) nominal axial strength of an anchor bolt, Ib (N) rorninal axial tensile strength of an anchor bolt when governed by masonry breakout, Ib (N) nominal axial tensile strength of an anchor bolt when governed by anchor pullout, Ib (N) nominal axial tensile strength of an anchor bolt ‘when governed by steel yielding, Ib (N) COMMENTARY 24 — Notation ‘Notations used in this Code are summarized here, Iggsica yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021 Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsilp.com on 3/22/2021 osoo be but Go D a TMS 402 CODE allowable axial tensile load on an anchor bolt ‘when governed by anchor pullout, Ib (N) allowable axial tensile load on an anchor bolt ‘when governed by steel yielding, 1b (N) allowable shear load on an anchor bot, Ib (N) allowable shear load on an anchor bolt when ‘governed by masonry breakout, Ib (N) allowable shear Toad on an anchor bolt when ‘governed by masonry crushing, Ib (N) ‘nominal shear strength of an anchor bolt Ib (N) ‘nominal shear strength of an anchor bolt when ‘overned by masonry breakout, Ib (N) nominal shear strength of an anchor bolt when {governed by masonry crushing, 1b (N) nominal shear strength of an anchor bolt when governed by anchor pryout Ib (N) nominal shear strength of an anchor bolt when governed by steel yielding, Ib (N) allowable shear load on an anchor bolt when governed by anchor pryout, Ib (N) Yee from jessica.yeet COMMENTARY allowable sheas Adis 8) SsaRe VEO WE EBsica. yee@amslip.com on 9/22/2021 governed by steel yielding, Ib (N) width of section, in. (mm) {otal applied design axial force on an anchor bolt, TiN) strength level axial load on an anchor bot, Ib (N) total applied design shear force on an anchor bolt TiN) sirength level shear load on an anchor bolt, Ib ow ‘width of wall beam, in. (mm) ‘width of unit web, in. (mm) deflection amplification factor distance from the fiber of maximum compressive strain to the neutral axis, in. (mm) dead load or related internal moments and forces distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of tension reinforcement, i, (mm) nominal diameter of reinforcement or anchor bolt in, (mm) actual depth of a member in direction of shear considered, in. (mm) ‘ws 40246Suse Se frau hug hy bss he Ie ke h Ruc TMS 402 CODE specified compressive strength of clay masonry fo conerete masonry at the time of prestress transfer, psi (MPa) stress in prestressing tendon at nominal strength, psi (MPa) specified tensile strength of prestressing tendon, psi (MPa) specified yield strength of prestressing tendon, psi (MPa) ‘modulus of rupture, psi (MPa) = modulus of rupture of AC, psi (MPa) calculated tensile or compressive stress in reinforcement, psi (MPa) effective stress in prestressing tendon after presiress losses, psi (MPa) splitting tensile strength of AAC as determined in accordance with ASTM C1006, psi (MPa) ‘calculated shear stress in masonry, psi (MPa) specified yield strength of steel for reinforcement and anchors, psi (MPa) COMMENTARY ‘modulus of rigigiilaPBY JUREWY YEE HER "fassica,yee@gmslip.com on 3122/2021 psi (MPa) effective height of column, wal, or pilaster, (mm) vertical dimension of infill in. (mm) height of entire wall or of the segment of wall ‘considered, in. (mm) moment of inertia of bounding beam for bending in the plane of the infil in. (ram') moment of inertia of bounding column for bending in the plane of the infil, in. (mam') ‘moment of inertia of cracked cross-sectional area ‘of a member, in. (mm*) effective moment of nerta, in (mm*) moment of inertia of gross cross-sectional area of a member, in (mm*) ‘moment of inetia of net cross-sectional area of ‘member, in (mam') ratio of distance between centroid of flexural ‘compressive forces and centroid of tensile forces to depth, d dimension used to calculate reinforcement development, in. (mm) = dimension used to calculate reinforcement evelopment for AAC masonry, in. (mam) Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021 mms 40246Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY or TMS 402 CODE COMMENTARY load effects of earthquake or related internal ‘moments and forces Euc * modulus of elasticity of AAC masonry in compression, psi (MPa) Fix = modulus of elasticity of bounding beams, psi (oa) Fic = modulus of elasticity of bounding columns, psi (Pa) FE, = affect of horizontal seismie forces Eq = modulus of elasticity of masonry in compression, psi (MPa) Fy = modulus of elestcty of prestessng tee, psi (MPa) E, = modulus of elasticity of steel, psi (MPa) FE, = affect of vertical seismic forces € = eccentricity of exial load, in (mm) ¢) = projected leg extension of bent-bar anchor, ‘measured from inside edge of anchor at bend to farthest point of anchor in the plane ofthe hook, in, (mm) ey = eccentricity of Py, in. (eum) F, = allowable comPriatevebstrseesicaihiptettoreestssica yeo@gmslp.com on 3/22/2021 axial load only, psi (MPa) Fy = allowable compressive stress available to resist flexure only, psi (MPa) Fy = allowable shear-riction stress, psi (MPa) F, —~ allowable tensile or compressive stress. in reinforcement, psi (MPa) F. = allowable shear stress, psi(MPa) Fe = allowable shear stress resisted by the masonry, psi (MPa) = allowable shear stress resisted by the shear reinforcement, psi (MPa) fe calculated compressive stress in masonry due t0 axial load only, psi (MPa) fi = caleulated compressive stress in masonry due to flexure only, psi (MPa) fe specified unit compressive strength of the clay ‘masonry or conerete masonry header based on net cross-sectional area, psi (MPa) Fg = specified compressive strength of AAC masonry, psi (MPa) Se specified compressive strength of grout, psi (MPa) Fn ~ specified compressive strength of clay masonry or ‘concrete masonry, psi (MPa) Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica. yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsiip.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY oo TMS 402 CODE COMMENTARY k. = coefficient ofereep of masonry, per psi (per MPa) 4k, = coefficient of ireversible moisture expansion of clay masonry iy = coefficient of shrinkage of concrete masonry ky = coefficient of thermal expansion of masonry per degree Fahrenheit (degree Celsius) L live load or related internal moments and forces lear span between supports, in. (mm) b effective embedment length of headed or bent anckor bots, in. (ram) kg = anchor bolt edge distance, in. (mm) ue development length or lap length of straight reinforcement, in. (mm) k equivalent embedment length provided by standard hooks measured from the start of the hook (point of tangeney), in. (mm) lug = effective span length fora deep bear, in. (ma) lag plan length of infill, in. (mm) 4 clear span of the prestressed member in the direction ofthe presiressing tendon, in. (mm) ae inied by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2 1 = Length of entre Wall oro the Seghnent of waif"? ¥°°@a™=1 considered in direction of shear force, in. (mm) ‘maximum moment at the section under consideration, in-lb (N-mm) ‘M, = maximum moment in member due to the applied allowable stress level loading for which deflection is calculated, in-Tb (N-mm) ‘Mc = nominal eracking moment strength, in-lIb (Nem) My = nominal moment strength, in.-Ib (N-mm) ‘M, = moment under allowable stress level loads, including P-delta effects, at midheight of a ‘member, in-Ib (N-mm) M, = strength level moment, magnified by second= order effects where required by the Code, in-Ib (N-mm) M,» = strength level moment from first-order analysis, inslb (N-mm) n modular ratio, E¥/Em Ne = strength level compressive load acting normal to shear surface that is associated with the V loading ‘combination case under consideration, I (N) compressive force acting normal to shear surface, Ib¢Ny P= axial load, Ib (N) Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@amelip.com on 3/22/2021 10 TMs 402-46 TMS 402 CODE COMMENTARY P, = allowable axial compressive force in a reinforced ‘member, Ib (N) P, = Euler buckling load, Ib (N) P, = nominal axial strength, Ib (N) Pye = prestressing tendon force at time and location relevant for design, Ib (N) Py = strength level axial load, Ib (N) Py = strength level load from tributary floor or roof areas, Ib (N) Pe = strength level load from weight of wall area tributary to wall section under consideration, 1b “ — = first moment about the neutral axis of an area ‘between the exireme fiber and the plane at which ‘the shear stress is being calculated, in.” (mm') Qc = the effect of horizontal seismic. forces from the base shear ony = nominal outoFplane flexural capacity of infill per unit area, psf (Pa) qe = velocity pressure determined in accordance with ASCE 7, psf (kPa) k= response moa fiRigd RY. Heslep Yee from jessica yee@amalp.com on 3122/2021 r radius of gyration, in. (mm) = snow load or related internal moments and forces S, = section modulus ofthe net cross-sectional area of ‘a member, in. (mm) 5 spacing of reinforcement, in. (mm) 8 ‘otal linear drying shrinkage of concrete masonry units determined in accordance with ASTM C426 1 © nominal thickness of member, in (mm) specified thickness of infill, in. (ram) net thickness of infil, in, (ram) specified thickness of member, in, (mm) v shear stress, psi (MPa) V = shear force, Ib (N) Vig = limiting base-shear strength, Ib (N) Yaa = nominal shear strength provided by AAC masonry, 1a) Y= nominal shear strength, Ib (N) wy = nominal shear-riction strength, Ib (N) Vous = nominal horizontal in-plane shear strength of infil, te (N)Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsilp.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY ont TMS 402 CODE COMMENTARY Von = nominal shear strength provided by masonry b(N) Vos = nominal shear strength provided by shear reinforcement, Ib (N) Ky sirength level shear load, Ib (N) = base-shear demand, Ib (N) W = wind load or related intemal moments and forces Ws = dimension of the structural wall strip defined in Section A.5.1 and shown in Figure A.5.1-1 Wy = dimension of the tributary length of wall, defined in Section A.S.1 and shown in Figure and A.S.1-1 wig = width of equivalent strut, in. (mm) ‘Whew = horizontal projection ofthe width ofthe diagonal strut, i. (rom) ww = outofiplane strength level uniformly distributed load, Ibn. (Nimm) z imeral lever arm between compressive and tensile forees in a deep beam, in. (ram) (docs = horizontal arching parameter for infill, Ib? (N°) Foes = vertical arching parameter for infill Ib?2* (N°) Be = ratio of aca offyinfersupgetsnisMse Wiehsjeasica yee@ymsllp.com on 3/22/2021 of tension reinforcement ata section y reinforcement size factor ye = routed shear wall factor 4 calculated story dif, in. (mm) A, = allowable story drif, in. (mm) 6 moment magnification factor One = displacements calculated using code-preseribed seismic forces and assuming elastic behavior, in. (mm) 6 horizontal deflection at midheight under allowable stress level loeds, in. (mm) & = deflection due to strength level loads, in. (min) f= drying shrinkage of AAC é— maximum usable compressive strain of masonry € = lap splice confinement reinforcement factor Gro = angle of infill diagonal with respect to. the horizontal, degrees Aus = characteristic stiffness parameter for infill, in." (en) > coefficient of fiction Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsllp.com on 3122/2021n srz2r2021 ned by J ea2 Hue = coefficient of friction of AAC P= reinforcement ratio nox = maximum flexural tension reinforcement ratio 9 = strength-reduction factor v ‘magnification factor for second-order effects Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica. yoo@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021 lip.com on 3/22/2021 Printed by Jessica Yee trom jessica yeo@:Printed by Jessica Yee from jes BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY TMS 402 CODE 2.2— Definitions Anchor — Metal rod, wire, or strap that secures ‘masonry to ts structural support. Anchor pullout — Anchor failure defined by the anchor sliding out of the material in which it is embedded without breaking out a substantial portion of the surrounding, material Area, gross cross-sectional — The area delineated by the out-to-out dimensions of masonry in the plane under consideration. Area, net cross-sectional —The area of masonry unit, grout, and mortar crossed by the plane under consideration based on out-to-out dimensions. Area, net shear — The net area that is effective in resisting shear. Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica Autoclaved aerated concrete Low-density cementitious product of calcium silicate hydrates, whose ‘material specifications are defined in ASTM C1693. Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry — Autoclaved aerated conerete units manufactured without reinforcement, Set on a mortar leveling bed, bonded with thin-bed mortar, placed with or without grout, and placed with or without reinforcement. Backing — Wall or surface to which veneer is attached. Bed joint — The horizontal layer of mortar on which a rmasonty unit is lai, Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsp.com on 3 ica. yee@gmsilp.com on 3 COMMENTARY 2.2 — Definitions For consistent application of this Code, terms are defined that have particular meanings in this Code. The Gefinitions given are for use in application of this Code only and do not always correspond to ordinary usage. Other terms are defined in referenced documents and those ‘definitions ar applicable. Ifany term is defined in both thi ‘Code and in a referenced document, the definition in this Code applies. Referenced documents are listed in Section 14 and include ASTM standards. Terminology standards Jude ASTM C1232 Standard Terminology of Masonry and ASTM C1180 Standard Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit Masonry. Glossaries of masonry terminology are available from several sources within the industry (BIA TN 2 (1999); NCMA TEK 1-4 (2004); and IMI(1981)), Area, net shear — The net shear area for a partially ‘routed flanged shear wall is shown in Figure CC-2.2-1. For ‘members without flanges, the net shear area isthe net cross- sectional area Direction of Applied Shear Force: Net Shear Area Figure CC-2.2-1 — Net shear areaes TMS 402 CODE Beam — A member designed primarily to resist lexure and shear induced by loads perpendicular to its longitudinal Bond beam — A horizontal, sloped, or stepped member that is fully grouted, has longitudinal bar reinforcement, ‘constructed within a masonry wall Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica, aa Yee from jessica yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021 ‘ms 40246 COMMENTARY Beam — A beam usually spans horizontally, although it ‘may have another orientation in space. For the gravity load resisting system, beams primarily resist flexural and shear loads. However, a beam may be required to resist axial loads. Bond beam — This reinforced member is usually constructed horizontally, but may be sloped or stepped to match an adjacent roof, for example, as shown in Figure cC-2.2.2. ote: (1) Masonry wal (2) Fully grouted bond beam with reinforcement (3) Sloped top of wal (4) Length of noneontact lap spice (6) Spacing velwoen bars in noncontac lp spice (©) Steppes Bond Beam (not to scale) Figure CC-2.2-2— Sloped and stepped bond beamsPrinted by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmslip.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY ous TMS 402 CODE Bonded prestressing tendon — Prestessing tendon encapsulated by prestressing grout in a corrugated duc that is bonded tothe surrounding masonry through grouting Bounding frame — The colurans and upper and lower bbeams or slabs that surround masonry infill and provide structural support Building official — The officer or other designated authority charged with the administration and enforcement of this Code, or the building official's duly authorized representative Cavity — A continuous air space, between wythes, which may contain insulation. Cavity wall — A non-compasite masonry wall consisting of two or more wythes, atleast two of which are separated by a continuous air space: air space(s) between ‘wythes may contain insulation; and separated wythes must bbe connected by wall ties Collar joint — Vertical longitudinal space between ‘wythes of composite masonry that is filled with mortar oF rout. Column — A structural member, not built integrally into a wall, designed primarily to resist compressive loads parallel to its longitudinal axis and subject to dimensional limitations. Composite action — Transfer of stress between ‘components of a member designed so that in resisting loads, the combined components act together asa single member. Composite masonry — Multiwythe masonry members with wythes bonded to produce composite action. Compressive strength of masonry — Maximum compressive force resisted per unit of net cross-sectional area of masonry, determined by testing masonry prisms or a function of individual masonry units, mortar, and grout, in accordance with the provisions of TMS 602. Cormecior — A mechanical device for securing two or ‘more pieces, paris, or members together, including anchors, wall tes, and fasteners Contract documents — Documents establishing the required work, and including in particular, the project drawings and project specifications. Corbel — A projection of successive courses from the face of masonry. Cover, grout — thickness of grout surrounding the outer surface of embedded reinforcement, anchor, or tc Cover, masonry — thickness of masonry units, mortar, and grout surrounding the outer surface of embedded reinforcement, anchor, or te. Cover, mortar — thickness of mortar surrounding the ‘outer surface of embedded reinforcement, anchor, or tie. COMMENTARY Column — Generally, a column spans. vertically, though it may have another orientation in space. Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica.yee@gmelip.com on 3/22/2021 Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@gmsilp.com on 3/22/2021os TMS 402 CODE Deep beam — A beam that has an effective span-to- depth ratio, fd, less than 3 fora continuous span and less than 2 fora simple span, Depth — The dimension of plane ofa cross section perpen member measured in the arto the neutral axis. Design story drifi — The difference of deflections at the top and bottom of the story under consideration, taking into account the possibilty of inelastic deformations as defined in ASCE 7. Inthe equivalent lateral force method, the story drift is calculated by multiplying the deflections determined from an clastic analysis by the appropriate deflection amplification factor, Ci ftom ASCE 7. Design strength — The nominal strength of a member ‘multiplied by the appropriate sirength-reduction factor. Diaphragm — & roof or floor system designed to transmit lateral forces to shear walls or other lateral-force- resisting elements Dimension, nominal — "The specitied dimension plus an allowance for the joints with which the units are to be laid ‘Nominal dimensions are usually stated in whole numbers nearest tothe specified dimensions. Thickness is given first, followed by height and then length Dimensions, specified — Dimensions specified for the Tits 40246 COMMENTARY Dimension, nominal — Nominal dimensions are usually used to identify the size of a masonry unit. The permitted tolerances for units are given in the appropriate material standards. Permitted tolerances for joints and masonry conséruction are given in the Specification, Dimensions, specified — Specified dimensions are ‘manufacture or constructiéniiéd byidgestesor enctniner jessica, yoodbotnatlpsedrioonevlen/2Uletlations. Effective height — Clear height of a member between lines of support or points of support and used for calculating the slenderness ratio of a member. Effective height for unbraced members shall be calculated, Effective prestress — Stress remaining in prestressing tendons afterall losses have occurred. Foundation pier — A vertical foundation member, not built integrally into a foundation wall, empirically designed to support gravity loads and subject to dimensional limitations. Glass unit masonry units bonded by mortar. Masonry composed of glass Grow’ — (1) A plastic mixture of cementitious ‘materials, aggregates, and water, with or without admixtures, initially produced to pouring consistency without segregation of the constituents during placement. (2) The hardened equivalent of such mixtures. Grout, self-consolidating — A highly fluid and stable grout typically with admixtures, that remains homogeneous when placed and does not require puddling, or vibration for consolidation. Head joint — Vertical mortar joint placed between ‘masonry units within the wythe at the time the masonry units are laid, Printed by Jessica Yee trom jessica yPrinted b Yee from jessi a. yee@gmsllp.com on 3/22/2021 BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY oar TMS 402 CODE Header (bonder) — § masonry unit that connects two ‘or more adjacent wythes of masonry. Infill — Masonry constructed within the plane of, and bounded by, a structural frame, Ifill, net thickness — Minimum total thickness of the net cross-sectional area of an infill Infl, nom-partcipating — Infill designed so that in- plane loads are not imparted to it from the bounding frame, Infill, participating — Infill designed to resist in-plane COMMENTARY Infill, net thickness ~The net thickness is shown in Figure CC-2.2-3, tee Vertical Section through Hollow Unit in infill Wall Figure CC-2.2-3 — Thickness and net thickness ofan infill toads imparted tot by iNPOUlaiaig Ieee Yee fom jessica yee@gmellp.com on 3/22/2021 Inspection, continuous — The Inspection Agency's full-time observation of work by being present in the ate ‘where the work is being performed, Inspection, periodic — The Inspection Agency's part- time or intermittent observation of work during construction by being present in the area where the work has been or is being performed, and observation upon ‘completion ofthe work. Laterally restrained presiressing tendon — Prestressing tendon that is not free to move laterally within the cross seetion of the member. Laterally unrestrained presiressing tendon — Prestressing tendon that is free to move laterally within the ‘ross section of the memier. Licensed design professional — An individual who is licensed to practice design as defined by the statutory requirements ofthe professional licensing laws of the state or Jurisdiction in which the project is to be constructed and who isin responsible charge ofthe design; in other documents, also referred o as registered design professional. intel — See Beam, Inspection, continous — The Inspection Agency is reqired tobe onthe projet site whenever masonry tasks reauiring continuous inspection ae in progress. Inspection, periodic — During construction requiring periodic inspection, the Inspection Agency is only required to be on the project site intermittently, and is required to ‘observe completed work The frequency of periodic inspections should be defined by the ArchitecVEngineer as part of the quality assurance plan, and should be consistent with the complexity and size ofthe project. Licensed design professional — For convenience, the Commentary uses the term “designer” when referring tothe licensed design professional. Lintel — The term “lintel” generally refers to a horizontal member over an opening, chase. or recess. Masonry lintels are required to be designed in accordance with the beam provisions of this Code. Printed by Jessica Yee from jessica yee@amslip.com on 3/22/2021