Blessie N.

Natulan II-4 BECED

ANCIENT TO ROMAN EDUCATION

CHARACTERISTICS CONTENT
Spiritual and ceremonial Social knowledge

AIM
enculturation conformity

METHODS
participation trial/error observation demonstration

PRIMITIVE EDUCATION

ORIENTAL EDUCATION EGYPTIAN EDUCATION

GREEK EDUCATION (Spartan Education)

Absence or reading and writing Primitive life was tribal complex form of government higher level of culture agriculture was advanced the culture was dependent on the activity of the Nile education was the supreme concern of the state obedience/ discipline resigned as the highest good the education was supervised by the state full rounded development of mind/ body they were the first to study foreign languages and to

centered around the need for maintain a way of life vocational training domestic training literacy training religious training military training physical education

provide skills needed to cope with complex living to preserve the status quo

observation memorization repetition apprenticeship memorization copying of text dictation participation

training a powerful bodies of soldiers

training instruction

(Athenian Education)

reading writing arithmetic

individual excellence

participation imitation memorization

ROMAN EDUCATION

Practical training Vocational training Religious training

Development of vie bonus aimed for linguistic facility/perfection

Declamation Writing Imitation memoriation

out women on schools Roman life was dominated by the family

Moral training

in public speaking debate

MEDIEVAL EDUCATION
CHARACTERISTICS EDUCATIONAL ATTITUDES/ PRACTICES OF JESUS
it was founded on Judaism concerned with religious training -the development of the right relationship between man and God Catechumenal schools were organized for those who desired to become members of the church Cathedral schools remained as the higher schools of Christian learning monastic institutions was developed Monasteries become the centers for literacy, artistic/ scholarly aspects of life

CONTENT
teaching the essentials as found in the sermon on the Mount

AIM
to lift mans way of thinking

METHODS
conservational method gnomic method (use of proverbs) parable

EARLY-CHRISTIAN CHURCH

Church doctrine Church rituals Moral virtues Religious disciple

Moral regeneration of the individual through moral/religious training

Catechetical method Rote recitation Exhortation exposition

MONASTICISM

Reading Writing Arithmetic Astronomy Literacy activities Manual training

Salvation of individual souls

Catechetical method Dictation Meditation memorization

SCHOLASTICISM

limits itself to religious/ intellectual education

theology religious philosophy

CHILVARIC EDUCATION

a complicated system of political and personal relationships called feudalism

social activities military training religious activities physical training reading writing arithmetic religious instructions

GUILD APPROACH TO EDUCATION

the crusaders increased trade/ commerce

SARACENIC APPROACH TO EDUCATION

creation of the scientific spirit of investigation/ improvement of science tools

Koran 3 Rsreading, writing, arithmetic Different sciences

intellectual discipline supports the doctrine of the church by rational argument teach the best ideals on protection of the weak , honesty in everything, courage at all times emphasized vocational training to children so they will be prepared for commerce/ industry To search for knowledge application of scientific facts to the affairs of daily living

lecture repetition disputation examination logical analysis

imitate by example learning by doing

imitation dictation memorization lecture explanation

Scientific method Catechetical method Memorization Lecture travel

RENAISSANCE TO THE AGE OF NATURALISM IN EDUCATION

CHARACTERISTICS INDIVIDUALISTIC HUMANISM
Characterized by freedom of thought, selfexpression/

CONTENT
Literacy Aesthetic education Practical training

AIM
To develop individual personality To get the most

METHODS
Critical thinking Inclusion of play Sufficient motivation

creative activity

Social training

possible out of life

reading

NORTHERN OR SOCIAL HUMANISM

REFORMATION

they stressed piety ahead of learning/moral duty ahead of manners the curricula of social humanism consisted of classical/biblical literature a reform in religious doctrine correct abuses in the church

literacy education religious instruction moral education social education

improvement of human relationships eliminates the ignorance of the common people and hypocrisy of social leaders

individualized instruction use of games and exercise repetition motivation use of praise/rewards imitation repetition question and answer phonetic method use of textbooks

study of the bible physical education singing vocational training Domestic training Vocational training 4 Rs with emphasis on religion Latin classics Moral training

religious moralism living a worthy life on earth

CATHOLIC COUNTERREFORMATION

prepare young women to perform their duties as Christian members of society Domestic and vocational training were in the hands of parents

Religious moralism

Repetition Question and answer Phonetic method Use of textbooks

THE REALISTIC MOVEMENT a. Literacy Realism

They agreed that classical language/literatur e were the ideal means to liberal education Prepare individuals to fit in the society through the study of classical literature An outgrowth of the scientific discoveries rise of formal discipline development of rationalism

Bible study Literacy classics Ancient literature

Complete knowledge and understanding of human society

Conferences Incidental method of teaching Discussions Competition Independent thinking Application of what have been learned Textbook method Inductive method exerimentation

b. Social Realism

c. Sense Realism

Moral training Intellectual training Travel experiences Physical education Scientific training Democratic education physical training moral training intellectual training linguistics mathematics

Prepare aristocratic youth for the life of a gentleman in the world of affairs Develop a harmonious society

FORMAL DISCIPLINE

formation of character provide exercises of body, mind and of selfcontrol

exercise drill memorization reasoning

NATURALISM TO THE 20TH CENTURY

CHARACTERISTICS
NATURALISM Application of natural laws to the educational process CONTENT Informal exercises of the senses, the muscles/the tongue Health training grammar physical education health training teaching of civics physical training nature moral training practical training 3 Rs AIM Preservation of the natural goodness/ virtue METHODS Self-activity individualization

NATIONALISM

recognized that an efficient national system of education promote national goals advocated a child-centered point of view based on a careful study of the child focused on the contribution of education to the preservation/ progress of society prepare the individual for adjustment to society

DEVELOPMENTALISM

preservation/ glorification of the state develop responsible citizenship/ national feeling Unfold the natural capacities of the child

scientific inquiry experimentation

Scientific inquiry experimentation

SOCIOLOGICAL MOVEMENT

A. Social Traditionalism

physical training moral/religious training athletics public speaking activities controversy issues- social, economic/ political activities

gave all pupils an insight into their traditions/ efficiently adapt the individual to the society to prepare the school program for a progressive structuring of the social order

social communication social cooperation student participation

B. Social Experimentalism

the training for intelligence in all phases of human activity

fieldtrip guidance democratic method

PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION

PHILOSOPHY
1. Idealism

AIMS
The development of mind and self Provide the essential knowledge needed to survive in the natural world To fit the man to perform justly, skillfully and magnanimously

CURRICULUM
Mathematics, history and literature Liberal arts curriculum and the math science disciplines All the traditional subjects of the elementary school Academic subjects in arts/sciences for the secondary level Cognitive subjects like history, language, mathematics, logic, literature, humanities, science Common shared experiences of the students Controversial issues in religion, economics, politics and education

METHODOLOGY
Questioning and discussion; lecture, project method Recall, explain, compare, interpret/make inference Assignment, homework, recitations, testing/ evaluation

2. Realism

3. Essentialism

4. Perennialism

The education of the rational person; the search for the dissemination of truth To meet the needs of the growing child To awaken the students consciousness about social problems and to actively engage them in problem solving Cultivates an intensity of awareness in the learner Formulate the rules

Reading, discussion

5. Progressivism 6. Recostructionalism

Group project

Problem-oriented

7. Existentialism 8. Philosophical Analysis

Literature and humanities; history; arts Core curriculum; integrated curriculum

Question and answer

Critical examination