THE FUTURE OF MOORING

Contents
Introduction

Location and Capacity

Global Market

Quality + HSE

Integrated Management System

Quality Management

HSE Management

10

Research and Development

11

New Products

14

High Strength Qualities

14

VGW

15

Engineering

16

Coatings

16

Straight Tension Fatigue

17

Structural Integrity

18

Design

19

Torsion - OPB

20

SCC

21

Process

22

Qweld

22

Geminis Cell

23

Proof Load 2700 Tns

23

DQT
UT Robot - Pman
Mooring Chains
Offshore Mooring Chains
Chain dimensions
Studless chain loads metric
Stud chain loads metric
Studless chain loads imperial
Stud chain loads imperial
Comparison between stud
and studless chain
Mooring Accessories
Offshore Mooring shackles
Standard Products
LLLC and H offshore shackles
Tailor made plates and connectors
Marine Chains and Accessories
Mechanical properties
Equipment Tables
Loads for ships
Shackles
Anchors
About our people

24
25
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
41
42
43
44
46
49
53
1

Vicinay Cadenas Galdames Factory

Guggenheim Museum

Euskalduna Auditorium

Vicinay Cadenas - Bilbao factory

Letter from Vicinay Cadenas S.A. Managing Director

These few words are to introduce our

customers to the extensive range of our
capabilities, not only as regards the people
working in Vicinay but also the knowledge
net to which our customers and suppliers,
working closely with universities and
technical research, all contribute.

those who work in the industry, either in

operating companies, or in engineering,
design and inspection organisations.

Since the world in which we live is in a state

of continuous change, it may happen that you
cannot find what you are looking for in this
catalogue. Should this occur, you can rest
assured that we will find a way to provide a
satisfactory solution.

The business activities of Vicinay Cadenas

are not separate from Corporate Social
Responsibility and in this line we have
subscribed to the Global Compact of the
United Nations by which we are obliged to
work in all the fields related to human rights,
workers rights and environmental rights
gathered in that Global Compact.

Vicinay Cadenas, with its roots in the

eighteenth century, has grown into a modern
company with a mission to provide products
and services, which respect the planet, to all

Our business is fascinating and starts here.

May we invite you to share and benefit from
it and, indeed, become part of our story.
Luis Caada

Location
and Capacity
Vicinay Cadenas is located in Vizcaya Northern Spain,
with plants for the manufacture of chain and accessories

Chain Manufacture
100% output of high tech chain for the offshore
industry. Located in Bilbao, chains from 60
mm up to 185 mm bar diameter are made,
(individual links up to 210 mm.) with no
restrictions as to length or weight.
Present manufacturing capacity allows us to
supply 36,000 tonnes a year in qualities R5,
R4S, R4, R3S, R3 and ORQ as well as VGW
tailor made to customer needs.
Accessory Manufacture
Located in Galdames, Northern Spain, this
plant manufactures accessories for the
offshore industry from standard D-Type
Shackles to specialised H-type shackles,
LLLC links, plates and connecting pieces
made to customers requirements.
4

Present production capacity is 1200 tonnes

of forged pieces per year.
Present maximum forged weight per
component is 3000 kilos.
For special designs cast components may be
delivered.
Qualities R5, R4S, R4, R3S, R3 and ORQ as
well as tailor made to customer requirements.
Engineering
Offshore assistance. Several of our engineers
are OPITO and OLF qualified.
Chain loading / unloading assistance.
Fatigue testing on chain up to 186 mm in wet
media and 0,2-0,8Hz.
Special methods testing.
FEA, Fatigue, OPB, Torsion, SCC calculations
Mooring design support.

1990 to 2007 Milestones

Products
2006: Project initiation of a new chain and
fittings quality, R6, with loading capacity of
1200 MPa.
2005/6: over 30,000 tonnes contracted for
R5/RQ5 and R4S products for permanent
moorings and drilling rigs.
2005: delivery of moorings for the
Independence Hub project ; 127 mm diameter
and 117 mm diameter in RQ5.
2005: First manufacturer worldwide approved
to manufacture R5/RQ5 products by ABS, DNV
and LRS.
2003: delivery of moorings for the Belanak
FPSO; 132 mm diameter RQ3 VGW chain
with 5d pitch.
2003: delivery of moorings for the Thunder Horse
project, 9000 tons 146 mm diameter RQ4.
2002: delivery of moorings for the Holstein
SPAR; 171 mm diameter RQ4.
2002: delivery of moorings for the Nakika
project ; chains protected with TSC and TSA.
2000: delivery of moorings for the Terranova
project ; 178 mm diameter R3.
1996: First manufacturer worldwide VGW
chain. Petrojarl I.
1990: First manufacturer of Studless chain.
delivery of moorings for the Veslefrikk B
project.

Process
2007: Vicinay fatigue equation approved by
DNV.
2007: Start up of a brand new forging factory
in Galdames (Northern Spain).
2006: Opening of our in-house engineering
office with Jonathan Fernandez.
2006: Initiation of a singular gigacycles project
with the collaboration of Professor Battias
(ITMA) Paris and Professor Arana (UPV).
2004: Initiation of an ambitious project about
SCC and fracture mechanics under the
guidance of Professor Arana.
2004: World wide launch of an Ultrasonic
robot inspectioning more than 90 % of the
transversal section of a link.
2002: Launch of a 2700 metric tonnes
continuous Testing process.
2000: Start - up of an ambitious fatigue project
in sea water in collaboration with Labein
Research Centre.
1998: Launch of the continuous Geminis
Fabrication system. Start of self Fatigue
Project.
1997: Introduction of QWELD Reliability,
traceability system.
1996: Launch of the exclusive DQT Double
Quenching and Tempering Heat Treatment
system.
5

MAIN OFFICES [ ]

Global Market

Spain (Bilbao) Vicinay Cadenas Head Quarters

USA by Vicinay International.
UK by DN Consultancy Services.
Norway by Vicinay Cadenas Northern Europe.
Singapore by Vicinay Cadenas Singapore.

VICINAY MARINE S.L.

MANUFACTURING FACILITIES [ ]

Vicinay Cadenas has a presence world-wide

Our commitment is to assist our customers

from project concept to installation, in their
on site and to the highest professional
standard. We can offer alternative ideas and
designs to ensure mooring safety and often
save money.
We can help with design calculations and
then make the products in accordance with
these specific requirements. Customers are
kept regularly updated on delivery dates.

AGENCIES [ ]
- France.
- The Netherlands.
- Chile.
- Vietnam.

- Taiwan.
- Korea.
- Egypt
- Malaysia.

- Italy.
- Australia
- India

Spain (Bilbao) Vicinay Cadenas Head Quarters

Brazil (Niteroi) Brasilamarras
China (Foshan) FMAC

Integrated Management System

Quality Management
HSE Management

Integrated Management
Systems
Vicinay Cadenas has integrated its internal management
practices for the control of quality, the environment and
health and safety into one fully comprehensive system

This integration ensures that the following

processes are consulted, contribute to and
pool their know-how as regards :
Management Review Systems.
Document Development and Control.
Training and Competence Evaluation.
Internal and External Auditing.
Continuous Improvement System, which is
based on Analysis and Corrective and
Preventive Actions.
Vicinay Cadenas has its Integrated
Management Systems audited and certified
by the most prestigious classification societies
and organizations: American Bureau of
Shipping, Bureau Veritas, American Petroleum
Institute, Det Norke Veritas and Lloyds
Register Q.A.
8

Quality
Management
As far back as 1986 the Vicinay Cadenas quality system
has been certified

From that time we developed a company

policy of continuous improvement and this
has enabled us to comply at the highest level
with the rules and standards of the industry
as well as fulfil the requirements of our
customers.

LIST OF APPROVALS

Vicinay Cadenas is the only

chain manufacturer approved
by LR under Materials Quality
Scheme. This allows Vicinay
Cadenas to certified its
products on behalf of LR

American Bureau of Shipping (ABS)

up to 180 mm. diameter R3-R3S-R4-R4S & R5
Bureau Veritas (BV)
up to 180 mm. diameter R3-R3S-R4 & R4S
Det Norske Veritas (DNV)
up to 180 mm diameter R3-R3S-R4-R4S & R5
Germanischer Lloyd (GL)
up to 180 mm diameter R3-R3S-R4 & R4S
Lloyds Register Quality Assurance (LRQA)
up to 180 mm diameter R3-R3S-R4-R4S & R5
9

HSE
Health, Safety & Environmental Management

To ensure that health and safety aspects as

well as sustainability are reflected in every
activity we undertake, Vicinay Cadenas has
incorporated a number of systems against
accident and contamination.
In developing a suitable methodology, Vicinay
Cadenas was able to ensure that its HSE
management system complied satisfactorily
with the requirements of both ISO 14001 and
10

OHSAS 18001. Current certificates are held

from both these organisations.
Prevention of risk at work together with our
anti-contamination policies, enable Vicinay
Cadenas to offer its customers full compliance
with their own requirements for safe
manufacturing practice and respect for the
environment.

Research and Development

New Products
Engineering
Process

12

Research
and Development

Vicinay Cadenas dedicates significant

personnel and financial resources to develop
new products and processes, both in-house
and in collaboration with customers,
universities and technological centres. These
developments add value to our customers
projects. Our main areas of work are:

Products:

Engineering:

Processes:

Designed to offer our customers

economic and technical solutions
High strength qualities
VGW chain
Coatings

To provide service to our customers,

supporting product development
and increasing our knowledge of
chains and accessories which will
add to our product improvement
program
FEA (Finite Element Analysis)
Design
Torsion
OPB (Out of Plane Bending)
SCC (Stress Corrosion Cracking)

For improving product traceability

and Quality
Qweld
DQT (Double Quench Tempering)
PMan
Geminis Cell
P2700
Ultrasonic Robot

13

New Product
R5 R4S Extra high strength qualities
Vicinay Cadenas has developed, in collaboration with
Sidenor, the Classification Societies and customers, new
products for the offshore industry.

These new qualities are being used on:

The main advantages of using these products

include:
Decrease in diameter but maintain the same
strength with less weight
Increased homogeneity of tensile and
impact properties
Increased wear resistance
If fatigue life is a significant factor, chain
quality can be upgraded
Reduction in weight of the mooring system
increases payload
Increased fatigue life
14

Unit types
Mooring type

Drilling Rigs
Temporary

Field
INDEPENDENCE HUB
BLIND FAITH
PERDIDO
SEVAN 2
ESPADARTE
OUDNA
PAUL ROMANO
DEEPSEA ATLANTIS
O.MONARCH

FPSO/FSO/FPU
Permanent

Unit type
Semi Submersible
Semi Submersible
Spar
SSP
FPSO
FPSO
Driller
Driller
Driller

Spars
Permanent

Semi submergibles
Permanent

Diameter
127/117 mm
127 mm
134 mm
125/120 mm
120 mm
142 mm
70 mm
84 mm
82,5 mm

Loading Buoys
Permanent

Quality

Tonnage

R5
R4S
R5
R5
R4S
R5
R5
R5
R5

2300 tons
1740 tons
1700 tons
1900 tons
1287 tons
2179 tons
1325 tons
2596 tons
1600 tons

VGW Variable Geometry

and Weight Chain
The factors which most influence Vicinay
Cadenas are, first, the intention to remain the
leader in supplying the requirements of the
industry and, second, to retain sufficient
flexibility and ability to find solutions to
problems of which our customers may
presently be unaware. VGW chain had both
these factors, being used to solve problems
which our customers had encountered both
during the concept and design stage, as well
as in service.

WGW Chain Supplied

DIAMETER

Qty

Weight

BELANAK
VGW Strength Optimised

132 mm

R3S

3.825 tons

BETARA
VGW Saving
Sevan 2
VGW Strength Optimised

127 mm
117 mm
125 mm

R3

960 tons

R5

1820 tons

OUDNA
VGW Saving

142 mm

R5

908 tons

Sevan 3
VGW Strength Optimised

147 mm

R4

136 tons

Thunder Hawk
VGW Strength Optimised

127 mm

R5

470 tons

92 mm

R4

425 tons

FIELD

The concept underlying VGW chain is to

improve the mooring systems response to
the critical environmental factors of the field
or reduce the weight of the mooring system.
VGW chain can resolve difficulties
associated with these, by offering a range of
possibilities. The examples shown below use
chain of the same grade:

BALDER
VGW EWP

VGW Saving:
Would be used to reduce the weight of
the mooring line by up to 7.5%, increasing
the structures payload, but maintaining
the same breaking strength, fatigue life
and corrosion safety factors.

Contour painted in red = Standard link

Shaded in grey = VGW link

VGW Strength Optimised:

While maintaining mooring line weight,
it is possible to increase the nominal
chain diameter by up to 4%, which in
turn increases the breaking strength,
fatigue life and corrosion safety factors
by the same amount.

VGW EWP (Equal Weight and Pitch)

Can be used to modify the design of chain
already in service, by changing the link
design from Studlink to Studless, but
maintaining the same weight of the chain
per metre. This is done by adding the
weight of the stud (no longer required)
to the diameter of the link, which will
increase the fatigue life and corrosion
safety margin.

By using a variety of the options outlined above and changing the grade of chain, significant increases in mechanical capacity or cost reductions can be achieved.
15

Coatings

Over recent years, Vicinay Cadenas has made significant

research into the problem of corrosion which occurs at
various points in mooring lines.

As a result of these investigations, we

developed an installation to coat chain with
Thermal Sprayed Aluminium (TSA). This
coating is applied in accordance with the
strictest standards and quality controls to
ensure that the critical values required in
customer specifications are reached.
At the same time, Vicinay Cadenas has
developed a series of products for chain
protection, based on coatings with a
ceramic base.
16

These coatings are already in service at

various sites and, to date, are working as
required.
Vicinay Cadenas has also developed antiabrasion coatings applied to the elbows of
the links to prevent interlink wear. These
coatings of ceramic carbide are applied
with Thermal Sprayed Carbide process
(TSC).

Engineering

Straight Tension Fatigue

Straight tension fatigue

Since many years, we are conducting a
continuous full scale fatigue test program on
grade R4 and R5 chains, at the facilities of
the Labein research centre. The tests are
carried out in salt water, on a variety of chain
sizes from 70 to 151 mm diameter, and
frequencies, from 0.8 to 0.2 Hz.
As a result, T-N or S-N fatigue curves are
obtained. For instance, DNV has approved
the following S-N curve, for Vicinay Cadenas
grade R4 and R5 studless chains, shown here.
N x S3 = 1,41 x 1011
17

Structural Integrity

We help our clients by solving design and

engineering problems, and assessing the
structural integrity of chains and connectors,
which are selected to meet certain strength
and fatigue requirements, and the standards
of the classification societies.
Normally, chains and connectors are designed
as if they will be working under straight
tension. Sometimes, however, their structural
integrity needs to be assessed under special
operating conditions, which can be more
demanding.
For example, chains and other components
can be analyzed in detail when operated with
topsides hardware such as fairleads, bending

18

shoes, chain stoppers, and trumpets or when

subjected to other forces, including torsion,
out-of-plane bending fatigue, or special
handling during installation.
Full scale testing, critical assessments and
finite element analysis (FEA) techniques are
used to assess the structural integrity of
chains and connectors. In house, Vicinay
Cadenas uses the leading nonlinear program
Abaqus to perform these types of detailed
studies, which can be useful during the early
design stage to identify the most reliable and
cost-effective choice, and improve the
reliability of the mooring system.

Design

The extensive use of multi-component

mooring lines necessitates the use and design
of tailor-made solutions to join the anchors,
chains, wires, and polyester elements that
make up a mooring system. Using the proper
fittings, mooring components of a diverse
nature can be effectively connected.

Once the conceptual engineering design plans

define how the equipment will be connected,
3D CAD tools are used in house to build the
prototypes and check the interfaces among
the components. It is important for offshore
personnel or remotely operated vehicles to
assemble and detach connectors quickly during
installation. Therefore, special fittings or kits
are sometimes specified.
Detailed design optimizes component sizing
and allows weight savings to be achieved while
maintaining the necessary safety factors. With
this in mind, the recently introduced grade R5
steel, with a tensile stress over 1,000 MPa, has
been an excellent choice on numerous projects
during the past two years.

The strength and fatigue of connectors for

permanent systems need also to be
documented by testing and/or analysis, often
with an additional corrosion allowance.
Once the design is approved and classified,
manufacturing drawings are generated,
and then the connectors are forged,
machined and heat treated at Vicinays forging
plant in Galdames.

19

Torsion

Chain often becomes twisted during

installation or even in service. Typical
moorings can include wire or fibre rope
together with chain, and while chain is
intrinsically torque balanced (i.e. it does not
generate significant torque or twist under
axial loading), other elements may induce
twist in a mooring line.
Chain can become twisted between
accessory equipment, such as between
fairleads, winches or chain jacks. Chain
behaves non-linearly when twisted, torque
magnitude being dependent on the amount
of twist and the axial loading.
As there is no design guidance or predictive
information on the behaviour of torsioned
chains, Vicinay Cadenas, in collaboration with
the University of Reading, has made an
investigation to assess the torque-twist
response of chain. We performed numerical
calculations which showed very close
agreement with the test program carried out
by the University. As a result we obtained a
design procedure and calibrated finite
element models, which enable the stresses,
to which links are subjected under differing
combinations of torque and axial loading, to
be examined.

20

Chain Out of Plane

Bending (OPB) fatigue
The OPB mechanism occurs when a link is bent
out of its main plane, transverse forces being
countered by interlink locking. Under relatively
high axial loading, turning or sliding between
adjacent links can become difficult and the links
themselves become locked together, acting as
a beam.
The OPB fatigue mechanism can cause
unexpectedly rapid failure, which may occur
when links become twisted in a section of chain
under tension, predominantly in the
link adjacent to the one that is locked.
This typically can occur at chain hawser or
stop-off points.
The OPB stresses or change in respect to normal
tension stress, occur close to the elbows of the
link. In a normal chain length, stress increases
with the bending moment until the bending angle
reaches around 1 degree when one link will
slide or roll against the other and the stress
settles to a constant. When mooring design or
topside equipment might induce this problem,
the OPB fatigue life needs to be assessed during
the design stage, using stress data obtained
from tests or from calibrated finite element
modelling. Vicinay Cadenas is participating in
an on-going JIP with the aim of producing a
standardised design methodology.

Stress Corrosion Cracking

Failure from the combined action of tensile

stress and corrosion is known as Stress
Corrosion Cracking (SCC).
SCC failures in some alloys are generally
believed to result from hydrogen
embrittlement (HE). When hydrogen occurs
on the surface of steel due to corrosion or
cathodic action, the presence of H2S (and
other compounds) tends to cause hydrogen
atoms to enter the steel rather than form
hydrogen molecules which cannot. Once in
the steel, hydrogen atoms diffuse to areas of
high triaxial stress or to microstructures
where they become trapped and decrease
the steels ductility. Although there are several
kinds of cracking problem that can occur in
steel, delayed brittle fracture resulting from
the combined action of corrosion in an
aqueous sulphide environment and tensile
stress (failure may occur at stresses far below
the yield stress) is the phenomenon known

as SCC. In some cases, however, failure may

be the result of localised anodic corrosion
processes that may or may not involve
hydrogen. Failure of this type is the result of
anodic stress corrosion cracking. Such
failures have historically been termed SCC
even though their cause may not be hydrogen.
When the steel is located in an aqueous
environment containing hydrogen sulphide
(H2S), the cracking phenomenon is generally
termed sulphide stress cracking (SCC) . In
recognition of the variations of temperature
and different materials with this compound,
this phenomenon is also called environmental
cracking (EC) .
SCC of metals exposed to oilfield environments
containing H2S was recognised as a materials
failure problem in 1952. Laboratory data and
field experience have demonstrated that even
extremely low concentrations of H2S may be

sufficient to lead to SCC failure in susceptible

materials. In some cases, H2 S can act
synergistically with chlorides to produce
corrosion and cracking (SCC and other mode)
failures. However, laboratory and operational
experience also give materials engineers the
knowledge of how to best select and specify
materials with a minimum susceptibility to SCC.
The need to understand more completely the
variables involved in the EC of metals in the
field and better correlation of data has
become apparent for several reasons. New
design requirements by the oil and gas
production industry call for higher strength
materials, that in general, are more
susceptible to EC than lower strength alloys.
These design requirements have resulted in
a extensive development program undertaken
by Vicinay Cadenas to obtain more resistant
alloys and/or better heat treatment.
21

Process
Qweld

In collaboration with the Labein Technological Centre,

Vicinay Cadenas has developed an integrated process
control system for chain fabrication

The data system records the history of all the

fabrication phases and processing of each
link, together with information as to the
materials used, link type and work personnel
undertaking the various operations.
Thus, traceability of all links is assured.
Data on Processes

Load, Elongation and Dimensional Control

information is recorded automatically.
Non-Destructive Testing.
Despatch.
Real time
All data can be reviewed in real time by an
authorised person.

Reception of Raw Material.

Bar Cutting.

Information

Cutting is undertaken against fabrication

orders.

Data from a variety of departments is collated

in daily, monthly or annual reports for
management purposes.

Welding.
More than 30 parameters are automatically
recorded, processed and managed every
10 ms.

22

R&D&I

Heat Treatment.

Using a variety of statistical methods and

systems analyses of the Data Base, a powerful

Proof and Break Load Testing.

tool is created to assist in our R & D work.

Geminis Cell

Proof Load 2700 Tns.

This is a new concept which enables us to

manufacture lengths of chain to any length
required, without having to use joining links
or shackles.
Links are checked internally and inspected
immediately after fabrication which enables
us to control the process in each line and
ensure its quality.

Continual advances at Vicinay Cadenas as

regards new qualities and increases in
diameters have made it necessary for Vicinay
Cadenas to develop a new testing machine
with a capacity of 2700 tonnes. This machine
allows us to know the characteristics of the
chain produced and its response as regards
its elasticity module and maximum
break load capacity.

23

DQT (Double Quench and Tempering)

In 1995, Vicinay Cadenas, with the support of the University
of the Basque Country, introduced a new heat treatment
concept for mooring chains, known as DQT.

Since this system was developed, all R4 and

new Quality R5 as well as all large diameter
chain of whatever quality are processed
through DQT furnaces.
The heat treatment process consists of two
complete heat treatments, each consisting
of one cycle of heat treatment for quenching,
one cycle for austenization and one for
tempering, each complete with controlled
temperature water cooling. All the furnaces
are fired with natural gas.
The full DQT process is automatically
controlled by computer which can detect up
to 200 separate hold points and continuously
record all critical parameters. This enables
Vicinay Cadenas to maintain complete
traceability over all the heat treatment
process.
24

The main characteristics of the DQT treatment

system are that it :
provides the best treatment for coarse
grained steel, present in the weld and heat
affected zones.
provides quenching treatment to regularise
grain size areas.
minimises austenite retention.
optimised ductility and impact resistance.
Second treatment guarantees no change in
grain size areas.

Ultrasonic Robot

PMan (Predictive Maintenance)

The defects which are most likely to be found in

links due to the manufacturing process are those
in a plane parallel to the weld area.
The parallel nature of the defects does not favour
their detection with a single sensor at 45, so Vicinay
Cadenas developed a semi-automatic system
using 4 sensors, two of which examine the upper
part of the weld plane and the others the lower.
A data base stores the results of the previous
calibrations and inspections made on each of the
links, using easily understandable colour coding.

In Vicinay Cadenas we have, over the years,

instituted a system of predictive maintenance.

The advantages that this system has over the

conventional are:
that the system is semi-automatic as opposed
to manual.
that inspection of the complete section of the
link is made as against only its perimeter.
that inspection is made using 6 channels,
duplicating the defect's image.
that the image of the defect shown in colour is
readily accessible.
that a print out of each link inspected can be
done.
that there is total traceability thanks to data takeup and storage on the Oracle data base.
that the system frees the work force from doing
repetitive and unergonomic tasks.

This system requires that periodic checks are

made with the aim of replacing any elements
which may suffer breakdown in the short term.
To achieve this, Vicinay Cadenas, in
collaboration with the technology centres in
its locality, has designed a system so that we
know with some precision when an element
is nearing the end of its useful life.
The PMAN project consists of a data
gathering system and visual referencing of a
number of parameters, which allow us to
know the status of our installations on a day
to day basis.

On a global scale, we are the only chain

manufacturer which has this system.
Heat Treatment

Prof load machine

25

26

Offshore Mooring Chains

Chain Dimensions
Comparison

Offshore Mooring
Chains
Vicinay Cadenas mooring chains are well known and
respected in the industry and together with our customers,
classification societies, suppliers, universities and centres
of technological excellence

List of references
FIELD
We have been able to break through the
limitations in mooring line In 1989, in
conjunction with DNV and our customer, we
started supplying studless chain for the
Vesslefrik project. Following this, we further
developed the studless chain design which
has become the prime component in
permanent mooring systems where chain is
used. This enabled our industry to have
confidence in a safe and reliable product,
eliminating problems of stud looseness and
loss, which together with a saving in weight,
reduces costs and increases payloads on
floating structures. In this field, Vicinay
Cadenas has supplied the largest chains ever
made to the strictest standards.
28

HOLSTEIN

PETROBRAS
TERRANOVA
ATLANTIS
WOOLYBUTT

DIAMETER

QUALITY

CHAIN TYPE

208 mm
188 mm
171 mm
182 mm
178 mm
171 mm
162 mm

R4
R4
R4
R3
R3
R4
R3

Studless End Link

Enlarged Studless Link
Studless Common Link
Studlink
Studless
Studless
Studless

See page 14 and 15 for other singular references

MILESTONES
Longest chain length made: 2400 metres of 76 mm with a weight of 304 tonnes
- SCARABEO 5 and 8
Heaviest chain length made: 1050 metres of 150 mm diameter with a weight of
485 tonnes Gja Project

6,75xd

6xD1

6xd

6xd

6xD1

Chain Dimensions

D1=1,1xd
3,6xd

D1=1,1xd

3,6xD1

3,35xd

3,35xD1

4xd

1,2xd

Stud Common Link

Stud Enlarged Link

Studless Common Link

Studless Enlarged Link

End Link

fig 102

fig 103

fig 101

fig 103

fig 104

R5
Quality Assurance ISO 9000
Ultimate Strength Mpa min.
Yield strength Mpa min
Reduction of area % min.
Elongation % min
Design temperature C
Impact Joules (average of three min.)
Proof load kN min
Break load kN min.

B
W
Stud chain
Studless chain*

Required
1000
760
50
12
-20
58
42
0,0251*Z
0,0223*Z
0,0320*Z

R4S
Required
960
700
50
12
-20
56
40
0,0240*Z
0,0213*Z
0,0304*Z

Table as per DNV OS-302

( ) Alternative test temperature for special application
Z= d2(44-0.08d)
Other intermediate qualities as ORQ +10, ORQ+20 may be considered
Stud welding is not allowed for R4S, and R4 qualities. Other qualities at clients discretion
* ABS loads for studless chain is 70% of the break load as per ABS Certification of Offshore
Mooring Chain

R4
Required
860
580
50
12
-20
50
36
0,0216*Z
0,0192*Z
0,0274*Z

R3S

R3

API ORQ

Required
770
490
50
15
-20
(0)
45
(65)
33
(53)
0,0180*Z
0,0174*Z
0,0249*Z

Required
690
410
50
17
-20
(0)
40
(60)
30
(50)
0,0156*Z
0,0156*Z
0,0223*Z

Required
641
40
17
0
(-15)
58
(40)
49
(36)
0,0140*Z
0,0140*Z
0,0211*Z
Chain weight per meter
Stud chain = 0,0219 * d2
Studless chain= 0,02 * d2

29

Studless Chain Loads metric.

Break Load
Chain
Diameter
mm

30

R5
ABS-DNV
kN

Proof Load

R4S
ABS-DNV
kN

R4
ABS-DNV
kN

R3S
ABS-DNV
kN

R3
ABS-DNV
kN

API
API
kN

Chain
Diameter
mm

R5
ABS-DNV
kN

R4S
ABS-DNV
kN

R4
ABS-DNV
kN

R3S
ABS-DNV
kN

R3
DNV
kN

R3
ABS-IACS
kN

API
API
kN

Chain
Diameter
mm

Weight
kg/m

54
56
58
60
62

3703
3966
4237
4516
4802

3517
3768
4025
4290
4562

3170
3396
3628
3867
4112

2881
3086
3297
3514
3737

2580
2764
2953
3147
3347

2441
2615
2794
2978
3166

54
56
58
60
62

2580
2764
2953
3147
3347

2465
2640
2820
3006
3196

2222
2380
2542
2710
2881

2013
2156
2304
2455
2611

1805
1933
2066
2201
2341

1712
1834
1960
2089
2221

1620
1735
1854
1976
2101

54
56
58
60
62

58
63
67
72
77

64
66
68
70
73

5096
5397
5706
6021
6507

4841
5127
5420
5720
6182

4364
4621
4885
5156
5572

3965
4200
4440
4685
5064

3551
3761
3976
4196
4535

3360
3559
3762
3970
4291

64
66
68
70
73

3551
3761
3976
4196
4535

3392
3593
3798
4008
4331

3058
3238
3423
3613
3904

2771
2935
3102
3274
3538

2484
2631
2782
2935
3172

2357
2496
2639
2785
3010

2230
2361
2496
2634
2847

64
66
68
70
73

82
87
92
98
107

76
78
81
84
87

7009
7351
7877
8418
8971

6658
6984
7484
7997
8523

6001
6295
6745
7208
7682

5454
5720
6130
6550
6981

4884
5123
5490
5866
6252

4621
4847
5194
5550
5916

76
78
81
84
87

4884
5123
5490
5866
6252

4665
4893
5243
5603
5972

4205
4411
4726
5051
5383

3811
3997
4283
4577
4878

3417
3584
3840
4104
4374

3242
3400
3643
3893
4149

3066
3216
3446
3683
3925

76
78
81
84
87

116
122
131
141
151

90
92
95
97
100

9539
9924
10512
10911
11520

9062
9428
9987
10366
10944

8167
8497
9001
9343
9864

7422
7722
8180
8490
8964

6647
6916
7326
7604
8028

6289
6544
6932
7195
7596

90
92
95
97
100

6647
6916
7326
7604
8028

6349
6606
6997
7263
7668

5723
5954
6307
6547
6912

5187
5396
5716
5933
6264

4650
4838
5125
5319
5616

4412
4590
4862
5047
5328

4173
4342
4599
4774
5040

90
92
95
97
100

162
169
181
188
200

102
105
107
111
114

11932
12560
12984
13847
14506

11336
11932
12335
13154
13780

10217
10754
11118
11856
12420

9285
9773
10103
10775
11287

8315
8753
9048
9650
10109

7868
8282
8561
9130
9565

102
105
107
111
114

8315
8753
9048
9650
10109

7942
8360
8643
9217
9655

7159
7536
7790
8308
8703

6488
6829
7060
7529
7887

5817
6123
6330
6750
7071

5519
5809
6005
6404
6709

5220
5495
5681
6058
6346

102
105
107
111
114

208
221
229
246
260

117
120
122
124
127

15174
15852
16308
16768
17466

14415
15059
15493
15930
16592

12993
13573
13964
14358
14955

11807
12334
12690
13048
13591

10574
11047
11365
11686
12171

10005
10452
10753
11057
11516

117
120
122
124
127

10574
11047
11365
11686
12171

10100
10551
10855
11161
11626

9104
9511
9785
10061
10479

8251
8619
8868
9118
9497

7397
7728
7950
8175
8515

7018
7331
7542
7755
8078

6639
6935
7135
7336
7641

117
120
122
124
127

274
288
298
308
323

130
132
137
142
147

18171
18645
19844
21061
22294

17262
17713
18852
20008
21179

15559
15965
16992
18033
19089

14139
14508
15441
16388
17347

12663
12993
13829
14677
15536

11981
12294
13085
13887
14700

130
132
137
142
147

12663
12993
13829
14677
15536

12095
12411
13209
14019
14839

10903
11187
11906
12637
13376

9880
10138
10790
11454
12122

8858
9089
9674
10267
10868

8404
8623
9178
9741
10311

7950
8157
8682
9214
9753

130
132
137
142
147

338
348
375
403
432

152
157
162
165
168

23540
24799
26068
26833
27601

22363
23559
24764
25491
26221

20156
21234
22320
22976
23633

18317
19297
20284
20879
21477

16405
17282
18166
18699
19234

15522
16352
17188
17693
18199

152
157
162
165
168

16405
17282
18166
18699
19234

15669
16507
17351
17861
18372

14124
14879
15641
16100
16560

12800
13484
14174
14590
15008

11476
12089
12708
13081
13455

10887
11469
12056
12410
12765

10299
10850
11405
11739
12075

152
157
162
165
168

462
493
525
545
564

171
175
178
180

28371
29400
30173
30689

26952
27930
28665
29155

24292
25174
25836
26278

22076
22877
23479
23880

19771
20488
21027
21387

18707
19386
19896
20236

171
175
178
180

19771
20488
21027
21387

18884
19569
20084
20428

17022
17640
18104
18414

15427
15986
16407
16687

13831
14333
14709
14961

13121
13598
13955
14194

12412
12863
13201
13427

171
175
178
180

585
613
634
648

Stud Chain Loads metric.

Break Load
Chain
Diameter
mm

Proof Load

R5
ABS-DNV
kN

R4S
ABS-DNV
kN

R4
ABS-DNV
kN

R3S
ABS-DNV
kN

R3
ABS-DNV
kN

API
API
kN

54
56
58
60
62

3703
3966
4237
4516
4802

3517
3768
4025
4290
4562

3170
3396
3628
3867
4112

2881
3086
3297
3514
3737

2580
2764
2953
3147
3347

2441
2615
2794
2978
3166

64
66
68
70
73

5096
5397
5706
6021
6507

4841
5127
5420
5720
6182

4364
4621
4885
5156
5572

3965
4200
4440
4685
5064

3551
3761
3976
4196
4535

76
78
81
84
87

7009
7351
7877
8418
8971

6658
6984
7484
7997
8523

6001
6295
6745
7208
7682

5454
5720
6130
6550
6981

90
92
95
97
100

9539
9924
10512
10911
11520

9062
9428
9987
10366
10944

8167
8497
9001
9343
9864

102
105
107
111
114

11932
12560
12984
13847
14506

11336
11932
12335
13154
13780

117
120
122
124
127

15174
15852
16308
16768
17466

130
132
137
142
147

Chain
Diameter
mm

R5
ABS-DNV
kN

R4S
ABS-DNV
kN

R4
ABS-DNV
kN

54
56
58
60
62

2904
3111
3323
3542
3767

2777
2974
3178
3387
3602

2499
2677
2860
3048
3242

3360
3559
3762
3970
4291

64
66
68
70
73

3997
4233
4475
4723
5104

3822
4048
4279
4516
4881

4884
5123
5490
5866
6252

4621
4847
5194
5550
5916

76
78
81
84
87

5498
5766
6179
6602
7037

7422
7722
8180
8490
8964

6647
6916
7326
7604
8028

6289
6544
6932
7195
7596

90
92
95
97
100

10217
10754
11118
11856
12420

9285
9773
10103
10775
11287

8315
8753
9048
9650
10109

7868
8282
8561
9130
9565

14415
15059
15493
15930
16592

12993
13573
13964
14358
14955

11807
12334
12690
13048
13591

10574
11047
11365
11686
12171

18171
18645
19844
21061
22294

17262
17713
18852
20008
21179

15559
15965
16992
18033
19089

14139
14508
15441
16388
17347

152
157
162
165
168

23540
24799
26068
26833
27601

22363
23559
24764
25491
26221

20156
21234
22320
22976
23633

171
175
178
180

28371
29400
30173
30689

26952
27930
28665
29155

24292
25174
25836
26278

R3S
ABS-DNV
kN

Chain
Diameter
mm

Weight
kg/m

R3
DNV
kN

R3
ABS-IACS
kN

API
API
kN

2083
2231
2383
2540
2701

1805
1933
2066
2201
2341

1712
1834
1960
2089
2221

1620
1735
1854
1976
2101

54
56
58
60
62

64
69
74
79
84

3440
3643
3851
4064
4392

2867
3036
3209
3387
3660

2484
2631
2782
2935
3172

2357
2496
2639
2785
3010

2230
2361
2496
2634
2847

64
66
68
70
73

90
95
101
107
117

5257
5514
5908
6313
6729

4731
4962
5317
5682
6056

3942
4135
4431
4735
5046

3417
3584
3840
4104
4374

3242
3400
3643
3893
4149

3066
3216
3446
3683
3925

76
78
81
84
87

126
133
144
155
166

7482
7784
8246
8559
9036

7154
7443
7884
8184
8640

6439
6699
7096
7365
7776

5365
5582
5913
6138
6480

4650
4838
5125
5319
5616

4412
4590
4862
5047
5328

4173
4342
4599
4774
5040

90
92
95
97
100

177
185
198
206
219

102
105
107
111
114

9359
9851
10184
10861
11378

8949
9420
9738
10385
10879

8054
8478
8764
9347
9791

6712
7065
7304
7789
8159

5817
6123
6330
6750
7071

5519
5809
6005
6404
6709

5220
5495
5681
6058
6346

102
105
107
111
114

228
241
251
270
285

10005
10452
10753
11057
11516

117
120
122
124
127

11902
12434
12792
13153
13700

11380
11889
12231
12576
13099

10242
10700
11008
11319
11789

8535
8916
9173
9432
9824

7397
7728
7950
8175
8515

7018
7331
7542
7755
8078

6639
6935
7135
7336
7641

117
120
122
124
127

300
315
326
337
353

12663
12993
13829
14677
15536

11981
12294
13085
13887
14700

130
132
137
142
147

14253
14625
15565
16520
17487

13628
13984
14883
15796
16720

12265
12585
13395
14216
15048

10221
10488
11162
11847
12540

8858
9089
9674
10267
10868

8404
8623
9178
9741
10311

7950
8157
8682
9214
9753

130
132
137
142
147

370
382
411
442
473

18317
19297
20284
20879
21477

16405
17282
18166
18699
19234

15522
16352
17188
17693
18199

152
157
162
165
168

18464
19452
20447
21047
21649

17655
18599
19551
20125
20701

15890
16739
17596
18112
18631

13241
13949
14663
15094
15525

11476
12089
12708
13081
13455

10887
11469
12056
12410
12765

10299
10850
11405
11739
12075

152
157
162
165
168

506
540
575
596
618

22076
22877
23479
23880

19771
20488
21027
21387

18707
19386
19896
20236

171
175
178
180

22253
23061
23667
24072

21278
22050
22630
23017

19150
19845
20367
20715

15959
16538
16972
17263

13831
14333
14709
14961

13121
13598
13955
14194

12412
12863
13201
13427

171
175
178
180

640
671
694
710

31

Studless Chain Loads imperial.

Break Load
Chain
Diameter
inches

32

R5
ABS-DNV
Kips

R4S
ABS-DNV
Kips

R4 RQ4
ABS-DNV
Kips

Proof Load

R3S RQ3S
ABS-DNV
Kips

R3RQ3
ABS-DNV
Kips

API
API
Kips

Chain
Diameter
inches

R5
ABS-DNV
Kips

R4S
ABS-DNV
Kips

R4
ABS-DNV
Kips

R3S
ABS-DNV
Kips

R3
ABS-DNV
Kips

RQ3
ABS-IACS
Kips

API
API
Kips

Chain
Diameter
inches

Weight
lbs/ft

2 1/8
2 3/16
2 1/4
2 5/16
2 3/8

828
875
922
971
1021

790
835
880
927
974

712
752
793
835
878

647
684
721
759
798

580
612
646
680
715

548
579
611
643
676

2 1/8
2 3/16
2 1/4
2 5/16
2 3/8

580
612
646
680
715

554
585
617
649
683

499
527
556
585
615

452
478
504
530
558

405
428
452
476
500

385
406
428
451
474

364
384
405
427
449

2 1/8
2 3/16
2 1/4
2 5/16
2 3/8

39
42
44
46
49

2 1/2
2 5/8
2 11/16
2 3/4
2 7/8

1124
1231
1286
1342
1457

1073
1175
1227
1281
1391

967
1059
1106
1154
1253

878
962
1005
1049
1139

787
862
900
940
1020

744
815
852
889
965

2 1/2
2 5/8
2 11/16
2 3/4
2 7/8

787
862
900
940
1020

751
823
860
897
974

677
742
775
809
878

614
672
702
733
796

550
603
630
657
714

522
572
598
624
677

494
541
565
590
640

2 1/2
2 5/8
2 11/16
2 3/4
2 7/8

54
60
63
66
72

3
3 1/16
3 1/8
3 3/16
3 1/4

1576
1637
1699
1762
1825

1504
1562
1621
1681
1742

1356
1408
1461
1515
1570

1232
1280
1328
1377
1427

1103
1146
1189
1233
1278

1044
1084
1125
1167
1209

3
3 1/16
3 1/8
3 3/16
3 1/4

1103
1146
1189
1233
1278

1054
1095
1136
1178
1220

950
987
1024
1062
1100

861
894
928
962
997

772
802
832
863
894

732
761
789
818
848

693
719
747
774
802

3
3 1/16
3 1/8
3 3/16
3 1/4

78
81
85
88
92

3 5/16
3 3/8
3 1/2
3 9/16
3 5/8

1890
1955
2088
2156
2224

1803
1865
1992
2057
2123

1625
1681
1796
1854
1913

1477
1528
1632
1685
1739

1323
1368
1462
1509
1557

1251
1295
1383
1428
1473

3 5/16
3 3/8
3 1/2
3 9/16
3 5/8

1323
1368
1462
1509
1557

1263
1307
1396
1441
1487

1139
1178
1258
1299
1341

1032
1068
1140
1177
1215

925
957
1022
1056
1089

878
908
970
1001
1033

830
859
918
947
977

3 5/16
3 3/8
3 1/2
3 9/16
3 5/8

95
99
106
110
114

3 3/4
3 13/16
3 7/8
3 15/16
4

2364
2435
2507
2579
2652

2256
2323
2392
2461
2531

2033
2094
2156
2218
2281

1848
1903
1959
2016
2073

1655
1704
1754
1805
1856

1566
1613
1660
1708
1756

3 3/4
3 13/16
3 7/8
3 15/16
4

1655
1704
1754
1805
1856

1580
1628
1676
1724
1773

1425
1467
1511
1554
1598

1291
1330
1369
1409
1448

1158
1192
1227
1263
1299

1098
1131
1164
1198
1232

1039
1070
1101
1133
1165

3 3/4
3 13/16
3 7/8
3 15/16
4

122
126
130
135
139

4 1/8
4 1/4
4 3/8
4 1/2
4 5/8

2801
2952
3105
3262
3420

2672
2816
2963
3112
3263

2409
2538
2671
2805
2941

2189
2307
2427
2549
2673

1960
2066
2174
2283
2394

1855
1955
2057
2160
2265

4 1/8
4 1/4
4 3/8
4 1/2
4 5/8

1960
2066
2174
2283
2394

1872
1973
2076
2181
2287

1688
1779
1871
1966
2061

1529
1612
1696
1781
1868

1371
1445
1521
1597
1675

1301
1371
1443
1515
1589

1231
1297
1365
1433
1503

4 1/8
4 1/4
4 3/8
4 1/2
4 5/8

148
157
166
176
186

4 3/4
4 7/8
5
5 1/8
5 1/4

3581
3744
3909
4076
4245

3417
3573
3730
3890
4051

3080
3220
3362
3506
3651

2799
2926
3055
3186
3318

2507
2621
2736
2853
2971

2372
2480
2589
2700
2812

4 3/4
4 7/8
5
5 1/8
5 1/4

2507
2621
2736
2853
2971

2394
2503
2614
2725
2838

2158
2256
2356
2457
2558

1956
2045
2135
2226
2319

1753
1833
1914
1996
2079

1664
1739
1816
1894
1972

1574
1645
1718
1791
1865

4 3/4
4 7/8
5
5 1/8
5 1/4

196
206
217
228
239

5 3/8
5 1/2
5 5/8
5 3/4
5 7/8

4416
4588
4762
4937
5114

4214
4378
4544
4711
4879

3798
3946
4095
4246
4398

3451
3586
3722
3859
3997

3091
3211
3333
3456
3579

2925
3039
3154
3270
3387

5 3/8
5 1/2
5 5/8
5 3/4
5 7/8

3091
3211
3333
3456
3579

2952
3067
3184
3301
3419

2661
2765
2870
2975
3082

2412
2506
2601
2696
2793

2162
2247
2332
2417
2504

2051
2131
2212
2293
2375

1940
2016
2093
2170
2247

5 3/8
5 1/2
5 5/8
5 3/4
5 7/8

251
262
275
2087
299

6
6 1/8
6 1/4
6 3/8
6 1/2

5291
5470
5650
5830
6012

5049
5219
5391
5563
5736

4551
4704
4859
5014
5170

4135
4275
4416
4557
4698

3704
3829
3954
4081
4208

3504
3623
3742
3861
3981

6
6 1/8
6 1/4
6 3/8
6 1/2

3704
3829
3954
4081
4208

3538
3657
3777
3898
4019

3189
3296
3405
3514
3623

2890
2987
3086
3184
3283

2591
2678
2766
2855
2944

2458
2541
2625
2708
2793

2325
2404
2483
2562
2642

6
6 1/8
6 1/4
6 3/8
6 1/2

312
325
339
353
367

6 5/8
6 3/4
6 7/8
7

6194
6376
6559
6742

5910
6084
6258
6433

5327
5483
5641
5798

4841
4983
5126
5269

4335
4463
4591
4719

4102
4223
4344
4465

6 5/8
6 3/4
6 7/8
7

4335
4463
4591
4719

4141
4263
4385
4507

3732
3842
3953
4063

3383
3482
3582
3682

3033
3122
3211
3301

2877
2962
3047
3132

2722
2802
2882
2963

6 5/8
6 3/4
6 7/8
7

381
395
410
425

Stud Chain Loads imperial.

Break Load
Chain
Diameter
inches

R5
ABS-DNV
Kips

R4S
ABS-DNV
Kips

R4 RQ4
ABS-DNV
Kips

Proof Load

R3S RQ3S
ABS-DNV
Kips

R3RQ3
ABS-DNV
Kips

API
API
Kips

Chain
Diameter
inches

R5
ABS-DNV
Kips

R4S
ABS-DNV
Kips

R4
ABS-DNV
Kips

R3S
ABS-DNV
Kips

R3
ABS-DNV
Kips

RQ3
ABS-IACS
Kips

API
API
Kips

Chain
Diameter
inches

Weight
lbs/ft

2 1/8
2 3/16
2 1/4
2 5/16
2 3/8

828
875
922
971
1021

790
835
880
927
974

712
752
793
835
878

647
684
721
759
798

580
612
646
680
715

548
579
611
643
676

2 1/8
2 3/16
2 1/4
2 5/16
2 3/8

652
689
727
765
804

624
659
695
732
769

561
593
625
658
692

468
494
521
549
577

405
428
452
476
500

385
406
428
451
474

364
384
405
427
449

2 1/8
2 3/16
2 1/4
2 5/16
2 3/8

43
45
48
51
54

2 1/2
2 5/8
2 11/16
2 3/4
2 7/8

1124
1231
1286
1342
1457

1073
1175
1227
1281
1391

967
1059
1106
1154
1253

878
962
1005
1049
1139

787
862
900
940
1020

744
815
852
889
965

2 1/2
2 5/8
2 11/16
2 3/4
2 7/8

886
970
1013
1058
1148

847
927
969
1011
1098

762
835
872
910
988

635
696
727
758
823

550
603
630
657
714

522
572
598
624
677

494
541
565
590
640

2 1/2
2 5/8
2 11/16
2 3/4
2 7/8

59
65
69
72
79

3
3 1/16
3 1/8
3 3/16
3 1/4

1576
1637
1699
1762
1825

1504
1562
1621
1681
1742

1356
1408
1461
1515
1570

1232
1280
1328
1377
1427

1103
1146
1189
1233
1278

1044
1084
1125
1167
1209

3
3 1/16
3 1/8
3 3/16
3 1/4

1242
1290
1339
1388
1438

1187
1233
1280
1327
1375

1069
1110
1152
1194
1237

891
925
960
995
1031

772
802
832
863
894

732
761
789
818
848

693
719
747
774
802

3
3 1/16
3 1/8
3 3/16
3 1/4

86
89
93
97
100

3 5/16
3 3/8
3 1/2
3 9/16
3 5/8

1890
1955
2088
2156
2224

1803
1865
1992
2057
2123

1625
1681
1796
1854
1913

1477
1528
1632
1685
1739

1323
1368
1462
1509
1557

1251
1295
1383
1428
1473

3 5/16
3 3/8
3 1/2
3 9/16
3 5/8

1489
1540
1645
1698
1752

1423
1473
1573
1624
1676

1281
1325
1416
1462
1508

1068
1105
1180
1218
1257

925
957
1022
1056
1089

878
908
970
1001
1033

830
859
918
947
977

3 5/16
3 3/8
3 1/2
3 9/16
3 5/8

104
108
116
121
125

3 3/4
3 13/16
3 7/8
3 15/16
4

2364
2435
2507
2579
2652

2256
2323
2392
2461
2531

2033
2094
2156
2218
2281

1848
1903
1959
2016
2073

1655
1704
1754
1805
1856

1566
1613
1660
1708
1756

3 3/4
3 13/16
3 7/8
3 15/16
4

1862
1918
1975
2032
2089

1781
1834
1888
1943
1998

1603
1651
1699
1749
1798

1336
1376
1416
1457
1498

1158
1192
1227
1263
1299

1098
1131
1164
1198
1232

1039
1070
1101
1133
1165

3 3/4
3 13/16
3 7/8
3 15/16
4

134
138
142
147
152

4 1/8
4 1/4
4 3/8
4 1/2
4 5/8

2801
2952
3105
3262
3420

2672
2816
2963
3112
3263

2409
2538
2671
2805
2941

2189
2307
2427
2549
2673

1960
2066
2174
2283
2394

1855
1955
2057
2160
2265

4 1/8
4 1/4
4 3/8
4 1/2
4 5/8

2206
2325
2446
2570
2695

2110
2223
2339
2457
2576

1899
2001
2105
2211
2319

1582
1668
1754
1843
1932

1371
1445
1521
1597
1675

1301
1371
1443
1515
1589

1231
1297
1365
1433
1503

4 1/8
4 1/4
4 3/8
4 1/2
4 5/8

162
172
182
192
203

4 3/4
4 7/8
5
5 1/8
5 1/4

3581
3744
3909
4076
4245

3417
3573
3730
3890
4051

3080
3220
3362
3506
3651

2799
2926
3055
3186
3318

2507
2621
2736
2853
2971

2372
2480
2589
2700
2812

4 3/4
4 7/8
5
5 1/8
5 1/4

2821
2950
3080
3211
3345

2698
2820
2945
3071
3198

2428
2538
2650
2764
2878

2023
2115
2209
2303
2398

1753
1833
1914
1996
2079

1664
1739
1816
1894
1972

1574
1645
1718
1791
1865

4 3/4
4 7/8
5
5 1/8
5 1/4

214
226
238
250
262

5 3/8
5 1/2
5 5/8
5 3/4
5 7/8

4416
4588
4762
4937
5114

4214
4378
4544
4711
4879

3798
3946
4095
4246
4398

3451
3586
3722
3859
3997

3091
3211
3333
3456
3579

2925
3039
3154
3270
3387

5 3/8
5 1/2
5 5/8
5 3/4
5 7/8

3479
3615
3752
3890
4029

3327
3456
3587
3719
3852

2994
3111
3228
3347
3467

2495
2592
2690
2789
2889

2162
2247
2332
2417
2504

2051
2131
2212
2293
2375

1940
2016
2093
2170
2247

5 3/8
5 1/2
5 5/8
5 3/4
5 7/8

274
287
301
314
328

6
6 1/8
6 1/4
6 3/8
6 1/2

5291
5470
5650
5830
6012

5049
5219
5391
5563
5736

4551
4704
4859
5014
5170

4135
4275
4416
4557
4698

3704
3829
3954
4081
4208

3504
3623
3742
3861
3981

6
6 1/8
6 1/4
6 3/8
6 1/2

4169
4309
4451
4593
4736

3986
4121
4256
4392
4529

3587
3709
3830
3953
4076

2989
3090
3192
3294
3396

2591
2678
2766
2855
2944

2458
2541
2625
2708
2793

2325
2404
2483
2562
2642

6
6 1/8
6 1/4
6 3/8
6 1/2

342
356
371
386
401

6 5/8
6 3/4
6 7/8
7

6194
6376
6559
6742

5910
6084
6258
6433

5327
5483
5641
5798

4841
4983
5126
5269

4335
4463
4591
4719

4102
4223
4344
4465

6 5/8
6 3/4
6 7/8
7

4879
5023
5167
5311

4666
4803
4941
5079

4199
4323
4447
4571

3499
3602
3706
3809

3033
3122
3211
3301

2877
2962
3047
3132

2722
2802
2882
2963

6 5/8
6 3/4
6 7/8
7

417
433
449
466

33

Comparison between Stud and Studless Chain

From the point of view of

34

Requirements

mooring system
mooring system
mooring system
mooring system
mooring system

1
2
3
4
5

mooring system
mooring system
mooring system
mooring system
mooring system
mooring system
manufacturer
manufacturer
manufacturer
manufacturer

Recommended chains

Reason

Greater elasticity
Greater restoring force
Lower dead weight in the mooring line
Access for shackle and accessory connection
Versatility similar to end links

Studless
Studless
Studless
Studless
Studless

Lower Young modulus

Lower weight per meter
Lower weight per meter
More interior link space
Completely open links

6
7
8
9
10

Greater safety factor with the same weight per meter in the catenary
Higher breaking load
Transition through windlasses and fairleads
Higher proof loads in grade R3
Higher proof loads in grade R4

Studless
Both
Both
Both
Stud link

Larger possible diametter with less weight per meter

11
1
2
3
4

Gretaer stiffness in the mooring line

Better inspection of the weld
Easier manipulation of the links for inspection of the crown area
Suppression of the mass effect in heat treatment (if any)
Elimination of the stud location problems

Stud link
Studless
Studless
Studless
Studless

Higher elasticity modulus

Totally free access
Greater manouverability due to the lack of stud
Homogeneous section throughout the link
Lack of stud

Less permanent deformation

manufacturer
manufacturer
service & maintenance
service & maintenance
service & maintenance

5
6
1
2
3

Oversizing of the link in the weld zone

No links with stud looseness
Eliminate premature fatigue due to loose studs
Reduce in-service inspections
Reduce inspection costs

Studless
Studless
Studless
Studless
Studless

Elimination of the flattening and material expansion in the weld zone

Lack of stud
Since there is no stud, there is no notch effect
Since there is no stud, the risk of deterioration is reduced
It is not necessary to repair loose studs

service & maintenance

service & maintenance
service & maintenance
service & maintenance
service & maintenance

4
5
6
7
8

Eliminate galvanic reaction between the stud and the link

Increase reliability of the chain over time
Handling and connectability with D shackles and hooks
Handling and manoeuvreability through a bending shoe
Handling and manoeuvreability with a bell hook

Studless
Studless
Studless
Both
Both

Without a stud, there is no possibility of reaction

There are no causes to affect the condition of the chain
Better access for the through pin. Minimal requirements and restrictions
Certain restrictions should be met
Certain restrictions should be met

service & maintenance

Handling and manoeuvreability in a chain stopper

Both

Certain restrictions should be met

Offshore Mooring
Shackles
Standard shackles
LLLC and H
offshore shackles
Tailor made plates
and connectors

Offshore Mooring Shackles

In July 2006 , Vicinay Cadenas moved its plant from Lejona
to Galdames (Northern Spain).

The factorys new site has enabled us to

install state of the art equipment and process
system and to supply more than 1000 tonnes
of fittings and accessories per year.
The Galdames plant features two installations
organized in the following manner:
The main building in which the processes of
material reception, cutting, forging and fitting
take place has the following equipment:
Two cutting lines.
Two new heat treatment furnaces.
36

A 1000 ton press for large dimension pieces.

Two smaller presses for smaller pieces.
A 1500 ton hammer.
A machine shop with lathes, drill presses,
etc.
An area for finish grinding equipped with
individual, sound proofed cabins.
The finishing building where final finishing,
inspection, dimensional control, trial fittings
and preparation for shipment takes place is
equipped with a final inspection cabin (with
various techniques of MP and US) and an
area for dimensional control.

Standard Product
Kenter Shackle

Slim Kenter Shackle

fig 105/1

fig 105/2

Offshore Joining Shackle D type

fig 107 LTM

7,1xd

3,4xd
1,6xd

4xd

6xd

4xd

6xd

1,3xd

4,2xd

1,29xd
1,3xd 1,4xd 1,3xd

4,2xd

1,52xd

1,2xd

We have also increased our engineering

process and design capabilities, which allow
us to supply a larger range of accessories
including Kenter shackles, Slim Kenter
shackles, D-type shackles, LLLC installation
links, H offshore shackles, Chain / polyester
rope connectors, subsea connectors,
standard and special plates, as well as tailor
made solutions.
All the above is carried out to the highest
quality standards and as required by our
customers, Classification Societies, and our
own requirements, R5 and R4S qualities
included. For proof load and break load tables,
please refer to the Mooring Chains section.

2,8xd

Offshore Special Joining Shackle D type

Offshore Anchor Shackle D type

Offshore End Joining Shackle D type

H Offshore Shackle for Common Links

fig 107 H LTM

fig 108 LTM

fig 109 LTM

fig 713

2,8xd

3,1xd

1,15xd
1,2xd 1,4xd 1,2xd

1,4xd
3xd

3,35xd

1,4xd

1,15xd

1,4xd

1,2xd

3xd

8,2xd

1,4xd
1,4xd 2,4xd 1,4xd

1,24xd 1,4xd 1,24xd

8,6xd

8,7xd

5,2xd

1,4xd

1,6xd

1,8xd

7,04xd

4,6xd

Oval Shape equivalent

to normal section 1,24xd

3,4xd

1,2xd

3,35xd

1,18xd

37

LLLC
Installation Link

LLLC Connecting Link

fig 713

Proof Load
Breaking Load

6xd

LLLC Installation Link

Easy connectability
Same geometry as common link
Manufacture in R5, R4S and R4
Manufactured mooring line installation

3,35xd

H Offshore Shackles
This robust component is extremely flexible.
Not only can it be used as an almost universal
connector, it can be used to adjust lengths
during installation.
It will connect :
to Common Links of the same or different
diameters.
to Piles.
to Closed or Open Wire Rope Sockets.
to Polyester Rope Thimbles.
It can also be used as a Subsea Connector
and can be designed with a strong lifting point
for installation and recovery.
38

R5
0,0223 * Y
0,03186 * Y

Y = D2 (44-0,08D)
D = d * 0,6
d = nominal diameter of the LLLC

R4S
0,0213 * Y
0,0304 * Y

R4
0,0192 * Y
0.0274 * Y

Tailor Made Plates

and Connectors

Vicinay Cadenas has the capability of

supplying any type of plate for use offshore.
Below are shown some examples :

Offshore Connector

ROV shackle + KIT

Y shackle

Special offshore connector

Spool shackle

Triplate - I

Guide frame Plate

Round plate

Union plate

Hanger

Node

Special offshore + triplate

Plate

Any other connector

designed to customer need

Triplate II

39

40

Biscay bridge - World Cultural Heritage

Mechanical properties
Equipment tables
Loads for ships
Shackles
Anchors

Mechanical
Properties
For the shipping industry, Vicinay Cadenas
supplies a wide range of anchor chain from
38 mm. dia. Up to 122 mm. dia. together with
acessories and anchors for the shipping
industry. The traditional high quality of our
products is well known and preferred by the
major shipping companies.
With factories in Brasil and China, supply is
assured quickly and efficiently, wherever it
is needed.

Mechanical Properties
Grade 1

Grade 2

NR

NR

Quality assurance
Ultimate Tensile Strength

Grade 3
NR

45

310

74

490

100

690

Ksi

Mpa

Ksi

Mpa

Ksi

Mpa

Reduction of area
Elongation

25% (1)

22%

*(2)

*(3)

17% (4)

Impact values average in base

0 C (5)

Material charpy v-notch

44

59

ftlbs

(1) When tensille strength is between 310 Mpa

and 400 Mpa elongation 30%
(2) For DNV at room temperature 27 Joules
(3) For DNV at 0 C 27 Joules
(4) For DNV Weld zone 14%
(5) For DNV Weld zone 49 Joules
Mpa = N/mm

6xd

6xD1

6,75xd

For more details check the rules

D1=1,1xd
3,6xd

42

3,6xD1

4xd

1,2xd

Stud Common Link

Stud Enlarged Link

End Link

fig 102

fig 103

fig 104

Ship Chain Equipment Tables

Equipment Number

Exceed
ing

Not
Exceed
ing

50
70
90
110
130
150
175
205
240
280
320
360
400
450
500
550
600
660
720
780
840
910
980
1060
1140
1220
1300
1390
1480
1570
1670
1790
1930
2080
2230
2380
2530
2700
2870
3040
3210
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5500
5800
6100
6500
6900
7400
7900
8400
8900
9400
10000
10700
11500
12400
13400
14600

70
90
110
130
150
175
205
240
280
320
360
400
450
500
550
600
660
720
780
840
910
980
1060
1140
1220
1300
1390
1480
1570
1670
1790
1930
2080
2230
2380
2530
2700
2870
3040
3210
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5500
5800
6100
6500
6900
7400
7900
8400
8900
9400
10000
10700
11500
12400
13400
14600
16000

Equipment Letter

LR

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
A*
B*
C*
D*
E*
F*
G*
H*
I*
J*
K*
L*
M*
N*
O*

Stud Link Chain Cables for Bower Anchor

ABS

DNV

U6
U7
U8
U9
U10
U11
U12
U13
U14
U15
U16
U17
U18
U19
U20
U21
U22
U23
U24
U25
U26
U27
U28
U29
U30
U31
U32
U33
U34
U35
U36
U37
U38
U39
U40
U41
U42
U43
U44
U45
U46
U47
U48
U49
U50
U51
U52
U53
U54
U55
U56
U57
U58
U59
U60
U61
U62
U63
U64
U65
U66
U67

a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
A*
B*
C*
D*
E*
F*
G*
H*
I*
J*
K*
L*
M*
N*
O*

GL

102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168

Total
Length
m
220
220
247,5
247,5
275
275
302,5
302,5
330
357,5
357,5
385
385
412,5
412,5
440
440
440
467,5
467,5
467,5
495
495
495
522,5
522,5
522,5
550
550
550
577,5
577,5
577,5
605
605
605
632,5
632,5
632,5
660
660
660
687,5
687,5
687,5
715
715
715
742,5
742,5
742,5
742,5
742,5
742,5
770
770
770
770
770
770
770
770
770
770
770
770
770

Stockless Bower Anchor

Diameter
Grade 1
mm

Grade 2
mm

Grade 3
mm

14
16
17,5
19
20,5
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
73
76
78
81
84
87
90
92
95
97
100
102
105
107
111
114
117
120
122
124
127
130
132
137
-

12,5
14
16
17,5
17,5
19
20,5
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
73
76
78
81
84
84
87
90
92
95
97
100
102
105
107
111
111
114
117
120
124
127
132
137
142
147
152
157
157
162
-

20,5
22
24
24
26
28
30
30
32
34
36
36
38
40
42
44
46
46
48
50
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
73
76
78
78
81
84
87
87
90
92
95
97
97
100
102
107
111
114
117
122
127
132
132
137
142
147
152
157
162

Number

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

Weight per
Anchor
kg
180
240
300
360
420
480
570
660
780
900
1020
1140
1290
1440
1590
1740
1920
2100
2280
2460
2640
2850
3060
3300
3540
3780
4050
4320
4590
4890
5250
5610
6000
6450
6900
7350
7800
8300
8700
9300
9900
10500
11100
11700
12300
12900
13500
14100
14700
15400
16100
16900
17800
18800
20000
21500
23000
24500
26000
27500
29000
31000
33000
35500
38500
42000
46000

43

Loads for Ships

Proof Load

Chain Diameter
mm

44

Grade 1
kN

Grade 2
kN

Breaking Load

Grade 3
kN

Chain Diameter
mm

Grade 1
kN

Grade 2
kN

Grade 3
kN

Chain Diameter
mm

Minimun Weight
kg per length
of 27.5 m

16
17,5
19
20,5
22
24
26
28

76
89
105
123
140
167
194
225

107
127
150
175
200
237
278
321

150
179
211
244
280
332
389
449

16
17,5
19
20,5
22
24
26
28

107
127
150
175
200
237
278
321

150
179
211
244
280
332
389
449

216
256
301
349
401
476
556
642

16
17,5
19
20,5
22
24
26
28

160
190
225
265
300
360
420
490

30
32
34
36
38

257
291
328
366
406

368
417
468
523
581

514
583
655
732
812

30
32
34
36
38

368
417
468
523
581

514
583
655
732
812

735
833
937
1050
1160

30
32
34
36
38

565
635
720
800
895

40
42
44
46
48

448
492
538
585
635

640
703
769
837
908

896
981
1080
1170
1280

40
42
44
46
48

640
703
769
837
908

896
981
1080
1170
1280

1280
1400
1540
1680
1810

40
42
44
46
48

995
1100
1200
1320
1440

50
52
54
56
58

686
739
794
851
909

981
1060
1140
1220
1290

1370
1480
1590
1710
1810

50
52
54
56
58

981
1060
1140
1220
1290

1370
1480
1590
1710
1810

1960
2110
2270
2430
2600

50
52
54
56
58

1560
1675
1820
1935
2075

60
62
64
66
68

969
1030
1100
1160
1230

1380
1470
1560
1660
1750

1940
2060
2190
2310
2450

60
62
64
66
68

1380
1470
1560
1660
1750

1940
2060
2190
2310
2450

2770
2940
3130
3300
3500

60
62
64
66
68

2220
2365
2550
2695
2890

70
73
76
78
81

1290
1390
1500
1580
1690

1840
1990
2150
2260
2410

2580
2790
3010
3160
3380

70
73
76
78
81

1840
1990
2150
2260
2410

2580
2790
3010
3160
3380

3690
3990
4300
4500
4820

70
73
76
78
81

3030
3290
3555
3755
4035

84
87
90
92
95

1810
1920
2050
2130
2260

2580
2750
2920
3040
3230

3610
3850
4090
4260
4510

84
87
90
92
95

2580
2750
2920
3040
3230

3610
3850
4090
4260
4510

5160
5500
5840
6080
6440

84
87
90
92
95

4395
4760
5005
5200
5570

97
100
102
105
107

2340
2470
2560
2700
2790

3350
3530
3660
3860
3980

4680
4940
5120
5390
5570

97
100
102
105
107

3350
3530
3660
3860
3980

4680
4940
5120
5390
5570

6690
7060
7320
7700
7960

97
100
102
105
107

5760
6130
6505
6885
7140

111
114
117
120
122

2970
3110
3260
3400
3500

4250
4440
4650
4860
5000

5940
6230
6510
6810
7000

111
114
117
120
122

4250
4440
4650
4860
5000

5940
6230
6510
6810
7000

8480
8890
9300
9720
9990

111
114
117
120
122

7715
8085
8445
9110
9240

124
127
130
132
137

3600
3750
3900
4000
4260

5140
5350
5570
5720
6080

7200
7490
7800
8000
8510

124
127
130
132
137

5140
5350
5570
5720
6080

7200
7490
7800
8000
8510

10280
10710
11140
11420
12160

124
127
130
132
137

9700
10040
10420
10910
11720

142
147
152
157
162

4520
4790
5050
5320
5590

6450
6840
7220
7600
7990

9030
9560
10100
10640
11170

142
147
152
157
162

6450
6840
7220
7600
7990

9030
9560
10100
10640
11170

12910
13660
14430
15200
15970

142
147
152
157
162

12515
13295
14695
15475
16210

Loads for Ships

Proof Load

Chain Diameter
inches

Grade 1
(Lbs)

Grade 2
(Lbs)

Breaking Load

Grade 3
(Lbs)

Chain Diameter
inches

Grade 1
(Lbs)

Grade 2
(Lbs)

Grade 3
(Lbs)

Chain Diameter
inches

Minimun Weight
lbs per length
of 15 fathoms

3/4
13/16
1.
1.1/8
1.1/4
1.3/8
1.1/2
1.5/8

23800
27800
41800
52600
54500
77500
91700
108000

34000
39800
59700
75000
92200
111000
131000
153000

47600
55700
83600
105000
129000
155000
183500
214000

3/4
13/16
1.
1.1/8
1.1/4
1.3/8
1.1/2
1.5/8

34000
39800
59700
75000
92200
111000
131000
153000

47600
55700
83600
105000
129000
155000
183500
214000

68000
79500
119500
150000
184000
222000
262000
306000

3/4
13/16
1.
1.1/8
1.1/4
1.3/8
1.1/2
1.5/8

480
570
860
1080
1350
1630
1940
2240

1.3/4
1.7/8
2.
2.1/16
2.1/8

123500
140500
159000
168500
178500

176000
201000
227000
241000
255000

247000
281000
318000
337000
357000

1.3/4
1.7/8
2.
2.1/16
2.1/8

176000
201000
227000
241000
255000

247000
281000
318000
337000
357000

352000
402000
454000
482000
510000

1.3/4
1.7/8
2.
2.1/16
2.1/8

2590
2980
3360
3570
3790

2.3/16
2.1/4
2.5/16
2.3/8
2.1/2

188500
198500
209000
212000
142000

269000
284000
299000
314000
356000

377000
396000
418000
440000
484000

2.3/16
2.1/4
2.5/16
2.3/8
2.1/2

269000
284000
299000
314000
356000

377000
396000
418000
440000
484000

538000
570000
598000
628000
692000

2.3/16
2.1/4
2.5/16
2.3/8
2.1/2

4020
4250
4490
4730
5270

2.5/8
2.11/16
2.3/4
2.7/83.
3.

265000
277000
289000
314000
340000

379000
396000
413000
449000
485000

530000
554000
578000
628000
697000

2.5/8
2.11/16
2.3/4
2.7/83.
3.

379000
396000
413000
449000
485000

530000
554000
578000
628000
679000

758000
792000
826000
897000
970000

2.5/8
2.11/16
2.3/4
2.7/83.
3.

5820
6110
6410
7020
7650

3.1/16
3.1/8
3.3/16
3.1/4
3.5/16

353000
366000
380000
393000
407000

504000
523000
542000
562000
582000

705000
732000
759000
787000
814000

3.1/16
3.1/8
3.3/16
3.1/4
3.5/16

504000
523000
542000
562000
582000

705000
732000
759000
787000
814000

1008000
1046000
1084000
1124000
1163000

3.1/16
3.1/8
3.3/16
3.1/4
3.5/16

7980
8320
8660
9010
9360

3.3/8
3.1/2
3.9/16
3.5/8
3.3/4

421000
450000
465000
479000
509000

602000
643000
664000
685000
728000

843000
900000
929000
958000
1019000

3.3/8
3.1/2
3.9/16
3.5/8
3.3/4

602000
643000
664000
685000
728000

843000
900000
929000
958000
1019000

1204000
1285000
1327000
1369000
1455000

3.3/8
3.1/2
3.9/16
3.5/8
3.3/4

9730
10500
10900
11300
12000

3.13/16
3.7/8
3.15/16
4.
4.1/8

524500
540000
556000
571000
603000

750000
772000
794000
816000
862000

1049500
1080000
1111000
1143000
1207000

3.13/16
3.7/8
3.15/16
4.
4.1/8

750000
772000
794000
816000
862000

1049500
1080000
1111000
1143000
1207000

1499000
1543000
1587000
1632000
1724000

3.13/16
3.7/8
3.15/16
4.
4.1/8

12450
12900
13300
13700
14600

4.1/4
4.3/8
4.1/2
4.5/8
4.3/4

636000
669000
703000
737000
772000

908000
956000
1004000
1053000
1102000

1272000
1338000
1405000
1474000
1543000

4.1/4
4.3/8
4.1/2
4.5/8
4.3/4

908000
956000
1004000
1053000
1102000

1272000
1338000
1405000
1474000
1543000

1817000
1911000
2008000
2105000
2204000

4.1/4
4.3/8
4.1/2
4.5/8
4.3/4

15400
16200
17100
18000
18900

4.7/8
5.
5.1/8
5.1/4
5.3/8

807000
842000
878000
914500
951000

1153000
1203000
1255000
1307000
1359000

1613000
1685000
1757000
1830000
1903000

4.7/8
5.
5.1/8
5.1/4
5.3/8

1153000
1203000
1255000
1307000
1359000

1613000
1685000
1757000
1830000
1903000

2305000
2407000
2509000
2613500
2718000

4.7/8
5.
5.1/8
5.1/4
5.3/8

19900
20900
22000
23000
24000

5.1/2
5.5/8
5.3/4
5.7/8
6.

988500
1026000
1064000
1102000
1140000

1412500
1466000
1520000
1574500
1629000

1977500
2052000
2128000
2204000
2280000

5.1/2
5.5/8
5.3/4
5.7/8
6.

1412500
1466000
1520000
1574500
1629000

1977500
2052000
2128000
2204000
2280000

2825000
2932000
3039000
3148000
3257000

5.1/2
5.5/8
5.3/4
5.7/8
6.

25050
26100
27000
28050
29100

6.1/8
6.1/4
6.3/8

1179000
1217500
1256000

1684000
1739500
1795000

2357000
2434500
2512000

6.1/8
6.1/4
6.3/8

1684000
1739500
1795000

2357000
2434500
2512000

3367000
3478000
3589000

6.1/8
6.1/4
6.3/8

3020
31300
32400

45

Standard Shackles
Marine Joining Shackle D type

Marine Anchor Shackle D type

Marine End Joining Shackle D type

Kenter Shackle

fig 107

fig 108

fig 109

fig 105/1

1,4xd

6xd

8,6xd

4xd

1,24xd

1,4xd

1,2xd
1,3xd 1,4xd 1,3xd

1,2xd

5,2xd

8,7xd

4,6xd
1,8xd

1,6xd

7,1xd

3,4xd

1,4xd

1,3xd

1,3xd

1,4xd
1,4xd 2,4xd 1,4xd

2,8xd

1,4xd
1,2xd 1,4xd 1,2xd

3,1xd

4,2xd

3xd

1,52xd

Special Shackles

3,8xd

Swivel

Swivel Shackle

Swivel Shackle

Detachable Anchor Connecting Link

fig 110

fig 507

fig 710

fig 108

3,8xd
1,2xd

E1

3,6xd

H1

4,4xd
d
D

9,7xd

6,3xd

10,85xd

E1

1,4xd

E
H
4,7xd

46

1,2xd

6,2xd

1,5xd

Weight of shackles
Chain diameter

inches
.
.
.
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7

3/4
13/16
7/8
15/16
1/16
1/8
3/16
1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/6
5/8
11/16
3/4
13/16
7/8
15/16
1/16
1/8
3/16
1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/6
5/8
11/16
3/4
13/16
7/8
15/16
1/16
1/8
3/16
1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/6
5/8
11/16
3/4
13/16
7/8
15/16
1/8
1/4
3/8
1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8
1/8
1/4
3/8
1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8
1/8
1/4
3/8
1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8

Kenter shackle
fig. 105

Joining shackle
fig. 107

Anchor shackle
fig. 108

End shackle
fig. 109

Swivel
fig. 110

Complete swivel
fig. 08F

Swivel shackle
fig. 507

mm

kg

kg

kg

kg

kg

kg

kg

19
20,5
22
24
25,5
27
28,5
30
31,5
33,5
35
36,5
38
39,5
41,5
43
44,5
46
47,5
49
51
52,5
54
55,5
57
58,5
60,5
62
63,5
65
66,5
68
69,5
71,5
73
74,5
76
77,5
79,5
81
82,5
84
786
87,5
89
90,5
92
93,5
95
97
98,5
100
101,5
105
108
111
114,5
117,5
120,5
124
127
130
133,5
136,5
140
143
146
149,5
152,5
155,5
159
162
165
168
171,5
174,5
178

1,1
1,3
1,6
2,1
2,6
3
3,5
4,2
4,8
5,8
6,5
7,5
8,4
9,5
11
12,3
13,5
15
16,5
18
20,5
22,3
24,2
26,3
28,5
30,8
34
36,7
39,4
42,3
45,3
48,3
51,6
56,2
59,8
63,6
67,5
71,6
77,3
81,8
86,4
91,2
97,5
103
108
114
119
125
131
140
147
154
161
179
194
211
231
250
270
294
316
339
367
392
423
451
480
515
546
579
619
655
692
730
777
818
869

1,7
2,2
2,7
3,5
4,2
5
5,8
6,8
7,8
9,4
10,8
12,2
13,8
15,5
17,9
20
22,1
24,4
26,9
29,5
33,3
36,3
39,5
43
46,5
50,3
55,6
59,8
64,3
69
73,8
78,9
84,3
91,8
97,6
103,8
110
117
126
133
141
149
159
168
177
186
195
205
215
229
240
251
262
291
316
343
377
407
439
479
514
551
597
638
689
734
781
839
890
944
1009
1067
1128
1190
1266
1334
1416

2,5
3,1
3,8
5
6
7,1
8,4
9,8
11,3
13,6
15,5
17,6
19,8
22,3
25,8
28,7
31,9
35,2
38,8
42,5
48
52,3
57
61,8
67
72,4
80,1
86,2
92,6
99,3
106,4
113,6
121,4
132,2
140,7
149
159
168
182
192
203
214
230
242
255
268
281
295
310
330
345
361
378
418
455
494
544
586
632
688
739
793
859
918
991
1056
1123
1206
1280
1357
1451
1535
1622
1712
1821
1918
2036

1,6
1,9
2,4
5
3,8
4,5
5,2
6,1
7,1
8,5
9,8
11
12,4
14
16,2
18
20
22,1
24,3
26,7
30
32,8
35,7
38,8
42
45
50,2
54
58
62,4
66,7
71,3
76,1
82,9
88,2
93,8
100
106
114
121
128
135
144
152
160
168
177
185
195
207
217
227
237
263
286
311
341
369
397
433
465
499
540
577
623
664
706
758
805
854
912
965
1020
1076
1145
1206
1280

2,8
3,5
4,4
5,6
6,8
8
9,4
11
12,7
15,3
17,5
19,8
22,5
25
29
32,5
36
39,5
43,5
48
54
59
64
69,5
75,5
81,5
90
97
104,5
112
120
128
137
149
159
169
179
190
205
217
229
242
259
273
287
302
317
333
349
372
389
407
426
471
513
557
611
660
712
776
834
894
969
1035
1117
1190
1267
1360
1443
1530
1636
1730
1828
1930
2053
2163
2295

6,4
7,8
9,8
12,8
15,4
18,2
21,9
24,9
28,4
34,7
39,6
44,8
50,7
56,6
65,4
72,3
81,4
89,2
99
109
122
134
147
158
173
185
204
220
237
254
272
292
311
338
361
383
406
431
465
492
520
548
588
619
651
685
719
756
792
844
883
923
967
1069
1164
1264
1386
1498
1616
1761
1892
2028
2199
2348
2534
2700
2875
3086
3274
3472
3712
3925
4148
4379
4658
4908
5207

9
11,3
13,9
18,1
20,9
25,8
30,6
35,4
40,9
49,2
56,2
63,7
71,9
80,7
93,6
104
115
128
140
154
174
190
206
224
243
262
290
312
335
360
385
412
440
479
510
542
575
610
658
696
736
776
833
878
924
971
1020
1071
1123
1196
1252
1310
1370
1516
1650
1792
1966
2125
2292
2498
2683
2878
3117
3332
3595
3831
4077
4377
4646
4926
5266
5570
5885
6212
6608
6961
7388

47

Standard arrangement for ships

48

Anchors
Other stockless anchors
Hall

Spek

AB Stockless

fig 113

fig 603

fig 401

AC 14

Byers

fig 402

fig 115

49

Proof test load for standard anchors

50

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

50
55
60
65
70

23,6
25,2
27,1
28,9
30,7

550
600
650
700
750

125
132
140
149
158

2200
2300
2400
2500
2600

376
388
401
414
427

4800
4900
5000
5100
5200

645
653
661
669
677

7800
8000
8200
8400
8600

861
877
892
908
922

17500
18000
18500
19000
19500

1390
1410
1440
1470
1490

75
80
90
100
120

32,4
33,9
36,3
39,1
44,3

800
850
900
950
1000

166
175
182
191
199

2700
2800
2900
3000
3100

438
450
462
474
484

5300
5400
5500
5600
5700

685
691
699
706
713

8800
9000
9200
9400
9600

938
949
961
975
987

20000
21000
22000
23000
24000

1520
1570
1620
1670
1720

140
160
180
200
225

49,1
53,3
57,4
61,3
66,8

1050
1100
1150
1200
1250

208
216
224
231
239

3200
3300
3400
3500
3600

495
506
517
528
537

5800
5900
6000
6100
6200

721
728
735
740
747

9800
10000
10500
11000
11500

999
1010
1040
1070
1090

25000
26000
27000
28000
29000

1770
1800
1850
1900
1940

250
275
300
325
350

70,4
74,9
79,6
84,2
88,8

1300
1350
1400
1450
1500

247
255
262
270
278

3700
3800
3900
4000
4100

547
557
567
577
586

6300
6400
6500
6600
6700

754
760
767
773
779

12000
12500
13000
13500
14000

1110
1130
1160
1180
1210

30000
31000
32000
34000
36000

41990
2030
2070
2160
2250

375
400
425
450
475

93,4
97,9
103
107
112

1600
1700
1800
1900
2000

292
307
321
335
349

4200
4300
4400
4500
4600

595
604
613
622
631

6800
6900
7000
7200
7400

786
795
804
818
832

14500
15000
15500
16000
16500

1230
1260
1270
1300
1330

38000
40000
42000
44000
46000

2330
2410
2490
2570
2650

500

116

2100

362

4700

638

7600

845

17000

1360

48000

2730

Proof test load for HHP anchors

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Mass of Anchor

Proof test load

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

Kg

kN

38
41
45
49
53

23,2
25,2
27,1
28,9
30,7

413
450
488
525
563

125
132
140
149
158

1650
1725
1800
1875
1950

376
388
401
414
427

3600
3675
3750
3825
3900

645
653
661
669
677

5850
6000
6150
6300
6450

861
877
892
908
922

13125
13500
13875
14250
14625

1390
1410
1440
1470
1490

56
60
68
75
90

32,4
33,9
36,3
39,1
44,3

600
638
675
713
750

166
175
182
191
199

2025
2100
2175
2250
2325

438
450
462
474
484

3975
4050
4125
4200
4275

685
691
699
706
713

6600
6750
6900
7050
7200

936
949
961
975
987

15000
15750
16500
17250
18000

1520
1570
1620
1670
1720

105
120
135
150
169

49,1
53,3
57,4
61,3
66,8

788
825
863
900
938

208
216
224
231
239

2400
2475
2550
2625
2700

495
503
171
528
537

4350
4425
4500
4575
4650

721
728
735
740
747

7350
7500
7875
8250
8625

999
1010
1040
1070
1090

18750
19500
20250
21000
21750

1770
1800
1850
1900
1940

188
206
225
244
263

70,4
74,9
79,6
84,2
88,8

975
1013
1050
1088
1125

247
255
262
270
278

2775
2850
2925
3000
3075

547
557
567
577
586

4725
4800
4875
4950
5025

754
760
767
773
779

9000
9375
9750
10125
10500

1110
1130
1160
1180
1210

22500
23250
24000
25500
27000

1990
2030
2070
2160
2250

281
300
319
338
356

93,4
97,9
103
107
112

1200
1275
1350
1425
1500

292
307
321
335
349

3150
3225
3300
3375
3450

595
604
613
622
631

5100
5175
5250
5400
5550

786
795
804
818
832

10875
11250
11625
12000
12375

1230
1260
1270
1300
1330

28500
30000
315000
33000
34500

2330
2410
2490
25570
2650

375

116

1575

362

3525

638

5700

845

12750

1360

36000

2730

51

52

World Corporate Games, Bilbao 2007. Bilbao Maritime Museum - 171 mm. dia chains

About our people

The 200 people working in Vicinay Cadenas share the
same hopes and enthusiasm to satisfy our customers, who
every year trust us to supply safe and suitable products,
to assist them with calculations or to provide the best long
- term solution to a particular problem.

To infuse this determination throughout our

organisation has become a major driver of
the management team in Vicinay Cadenas,
which quickly realised that a happy workforce
serves the customer better and improves the
social environment in which to develop this
company ethos.
To achieve this goal, we set aside time to
make sure that we talk to one another,
54

communicate ideas and suggestions, carefully

consider all possible options for particular
projects together, so that acting as an unified
team we are able to give our fullest attention
to the demands made on us. By doing this,
we are able to offer our customers and its
company personnel who visit us, complete
confidence that their requirements will be
met and that they will receive our total cooperation.

We in Vicinay Cadenas look to the future and

for this we are creating a personnel structure
across age and competence, so that even
when some staff are out of the office, others
are there to make sure the business goes on,
in such a way that the customer is unaware
of any change.
Some of the activities which bring together
our ability to act more and more as one team
with all the increased efficiency and
dedication to our customers that this entails,
are :
Daily management dialogue with all staff in
the factory complex
Daily Newspaper
Christmas Card contest for children of our
employees

Annual report on performance and

improvements
Sharing information on Strategic and
Management Plans
To seek a balance in processes management
so that 50% are female and personnel
younger than 40 years old.
To enable factory personnel to attend
meetings with customers.
Compliance with the Global Compact to
improve our commitment to ethical,
environmental and social policy management
issues both inside our organisation and to
impart these concepts to our customers and
suppliers.
All these activities have been instituted over
the last 2 to 15 years.
55

A company of Vicinay Marine S.L.

Coordination and Contens: Alejandra Azcona / Pedro Garate. Vicinay Cadenas S.A.
Design and Production : Varenga

A company of Vicinay Marine S.L.

Vicinay International
lesmoncus@vicinayusa.com
Vicinay UK
dnicolcs@yahoo.co.uk
Vicinay Singapore
pgarate@vicinaycadenas.com.sg
Vicinay Northern Europe
hjh@vicinay.no

Particular de Sagarduy, 5
48015 Bilbao Spain
Tel.: +34 944 891 130
Fax: +34 944 891 140
email: comercial@vicinaycadenas.com
www.vicinaycadenas.com