Water Pollution

Anthropogenic ( man made) causes Std IX

Some Pollutants
Sewage Heavy metals Solid waste

What do you think this image depicts?

Source: http://desip.igc.org/populationmaps.html accessed November 2008

WATER STRESS

Increase in Population

Power
water evaporation from reservoirs of large hydro power projects

Industry
Increase demand for goods

Domestic
bathing, flushing, washing, cooking, drinking

Agriculture
People require food to eat Every item that we use needs water for production

'It's not just excess consumption. Man is creating further water stress by polluting fresh water sources.'

WATER POLLUTION

Tourism and religion Run off from agricultural fields

Untreated industrial wastes

Air pollutants dissolve in rainwater

Domestic waste water generation and treatment ( in million litres per day MLD)
State / UT Andaman & Nicobar Andhra Pradesh Assam Bihar & Jharkhand Chandigarh Delhi Gujarat Goa Haryana Himachal Pradesh Karnataka Wastewater generation 8 1271 222 1363 272 2700 1709 20 330 13 1036 Wastewater treatment 0 208 0 135 91 1927 701 0 303 3 387 Untreated wastewater 8 1063 222 1228 181 773 1008 20 27 10 649

Source: Springs of Life, published by World Water Institute

Domestic waste water generation and treatment ( in million litres per day MLD)
State / UT Kerala Madhya Pradesh & Chattisgarh Wastewater generation 428 1159 Wastewater treatment 0 227 Untreated wastewater 428 932

Maharashtra
Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Orissa Pondicherry Punjab

4692
24 30 4 20 374 36 616

499
0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4193
24 30 4 20 374 36 615

Source: Springs of Life, published by World Water Institute

Domestic waste water generation and treatment ( in million litres per day MLD)
State / UT Rajasthan Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh & Uttaracnchal West Bengal Wastewater generation 1055 1094 22 2292 2113 Wastewater treatment 27 290 0 772 372 Untreated wastewater 1028 804 22 1520 1741

India

22903

5942

16961

Source: Springs of Life, published by World Water Institute

Increase in Population

More food required to feed the growing millions'

Fertilizers and pesticides

Converting forests into croplands

Fewer Forests

Water Pollution

Fewer forests
Topsoil washed out into freshwater sources and reduced recharge of water into the ground

Agriculture
Fertilizers and pesticides easily dissolve in water. They enter surface water sources through rainwater and irrigation runoff and also percolate into the

ground to contaminate groundwater sources.

World agricultural area under irrigation Global fertilizer consumption

Source: http://www.earthpolicy.org/Updates/2008/ Update72_data.htm#fig11

Source: http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/global_fertilizer_consumption, cartographer: Philippe Rekacewicz, UNEP/GRID-Arendal

Increased Demand for Animal Products

Overgrazing soil washed out into freshwater sources Animal bathing in freshwater sources Animal faeces pollutes water and soil Water pollution caused by food processing industries

INCREASED INDUSTRIALISATION
Increase in Population

Lets look around us ..

Increase demand for goods

Clothes we wear dyes and bleaches Paper, paper, paper everywhere Leather bags and shoes Batteries Metal plating Paints Plastics Pharmaceuticals

More Industrialisation

All these industries are highly water polluting

Increased industrialization results in

Increased mining for Raw Materials

Mining is a highly polluting industry The Damodar river travels through
6 coal fields, 183 coal mines, 28 iron ore mines, 33 limestone mines, 5 copper ore mines, 84 mica mines and Numerous graphite, silver and uranium extracting units.

Water in this river is polluted beyond repair

Increased solid waste generation

Lifestyle changes Use and throw culture Higher aspirations Change in packaging

Disregard for natural resources

Inadequate waste management systems

Increased solid waste generation water pollution

Waste dumped in surface water bodies

Waste dumped in open landfills toxic materials leach into soil and groundwater
Waste burnt air pollutants dissolve in rainwater and pollute surface water sources or seep into ground water aquifers

Additional stress in urban areas

Lakes, tanks, and ponds being destroyed. Land filled for construction purposes. Unsustainable extraction of groundwater in urban areas, affecting groundwater quality.

Receive sewage that cannot be handled by sewage treatment plants.

Disposal of solid and liquid wastes above or into groundwater aquifers.

Tourism and water pollution Hotels

Laundry detergents, bleach, hot water Landscaping fertilizers, pesticides Cleaning and washing Waste generation Kitchen

Travelers
Sanitation Bathing in rivers Waste generation (use and throw) Most tourism is close to water sources and areas of rich biodiversity

Religion and Water pollution

Idol immersion Paints contain many heavy metals Bathing in holy rivers
More than10 million people bathe in the Ganga daily! During the annual Kumbh Mela, more than a million people take a dip in Allahabad alone!

Dead bodies Prayer materials

Conflicts and Water Pollution

Production of arms Death toll

Bombs heavy metals

Municipal services (water supply, sanitation, waste mgmt) dont function in areas of conflict

Does Man Pollute Water?

This is what a young person like you has to say:

Source: http://www.unep.org/geo2000/pacha/fresh/fresh.htm

If you had a bottle of life-preserving fluid on which your life depended, would you pour into it all your sewage and rubbish, along with any other poisonous chemicals you could find? And yet, that is exactly what we are doing to our water supply all over the world.

Not just Fresh Water, We are polluting our Oceans too

Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/38.htm accessed December 2008

Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/39.htm accessed December 2008

Play

LINK TO THE GAME

A game to check how much you have learnt

Play

Divide the class into 5 teams. Team A selects 2 people who will guess the answer. These 2 people turn their face to the wall or go out of the room, so that they cant see the clue.

The other members of Team A (and the rest of the class) see the clue.
Team A has to act out the clue for the 2 guessers. Either all members of Team A can act it out (very boisterous, but all children are involved) or a representative is selected to do the acting.

If the guessers got the right answer in 30 secs, they get 5 points If the guessers get the right answer in 60 secs, they get 3 points

Otherwise
The chance then goes to Team B and so on. Rules: No mouthing of words

Round 1
Team A Agriculture
Team B Domestic use

Team C Reservoir
Team D Population Team E Industrial production

Round 2
Team A Energy Demand
Team B Over exploitation

Team C Urbanization
Team D Lifestyle Team E Lake destruction

Team A Fertilizer runoff Team B Sewage disposal

Team C Industrial waste water

Team D Pesticides Team E Domestic waste water

Round 3

Round 4
Team A Idol immersion
Team B Tourism

Team C mining
Team D Conflicts Team E Animal products