UNCLASSIFIED

OA 9608
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
t
UNCLASSIFIED
1
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING PROGRAM HISTORY
(U) The Pershing development program was initiated in January 1958. Martin Marietta Aerospace was awarded the prime
contract in March 1958. The first Pershing battalion was activated at Fort Sill in June 1962 and deployed in Europe in 1964.
The Pershing I (PI) system was mounted on M-474 (modified M-113) tracked vehicles.
(U) Initial assignment of the quick reaction alert (ORA) mission to Pershing units in Europe was in 1965. To increase the
system's ability to shoot, move, and communicate in the QRA role, the Pershing Ia system was developed. This system replaced
the tracked vehicles with wheeled vehicles, including an improved erector launcher allowing a faster rate of fire, and was initially
deployed in Europe in 1969. Additional system improvements, including the automatic reference system (ARS) and sequential
launch adapter (SLA), were fielded in 1976. The ARS provided automatic alignment of the missiles inertial reference system with-
out presurveyed sites, and the SLA allowed countdown and launching of three missiles without moving the launch equipment and
cables.
(U) The 400th Pershing missile was fired by a German crew at the White Sands Missile Range on 15 October 1980. At that
time, the Army Pershing program manager noted that the Pershing system had established a commendable record in schedule, cost,
and reliability, making it a top contender for the most successful major weapon system developed by the United States.
UNCLASSIFIED
2
t
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING PROGRAM HISTORY
1958 START OF PERSHING DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
1963 INITIAL DEPLOYMENT (ON SCHEDULE)
-CONUS 2 BNS (1 TRAINING- 1 KOREA)
- EUCOM 3 BNS
FRG (GERMAN AIR FORCE) 2 WINGS
1965 QUICK REACTION ALERT (ORA) MISSION ASSIGNED
1969 Pia DEPLOYMENT
ONE CONUS BN INACTIVATED
1973 MODULAR IMPROVEMENTS (DIGITAL GUIDANCE)
1976 ARS/SLA ISSUED
1980 400TH PERSHING MISSILE FIRING
1983 SCHEDULED Pll DEPLOYMENT
ALL PERSHING PROGRAM MILESTONES ON SCHEDULE
3
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING
(U) The Pershing I (PI) weapon system entered development in 1958. It was deployed with US units in 1963 and German
units in 1965. The system was deployed on tracked vehicles for cross-country mobility. An inertial guidance system provided the
required accuracy. The three USAREUR PI battalions were organized with four launchers per battalion and 187 men per missile-
on-a-launcher.
(U) In 1965, the Army was directed to pursue a program that would make Pershing suitable for the Quick Reaction Alert
(ORA) role. This resulted in the development of the Pershing Ia (Pia) system which was deployed in 1969. The Pia program fea-
tured modernized ground support equipment and significantly increased the firepower of the Pershing force by increasing the
number of launchers in each US battalion and German wing from 4 to 36. This allowed a dramatic reduction from 187 to 41 men
per missile-on-a-launcher in a battalion. The PI tracked vehicles were replaced by wheeled vehicles for Pia to provide the increased
reliability required for the ORA role. Pia maintained the same warhead yields, accuracy, and range as the previous PI system.
(U) A repackaging effort of the missile and power station was completed in 1974 to provide easier access to missile compo-
nents, reduce maintenance, and improve reliability. A new digital guidance and control computer combined the functions of the
analog control computer and the analog guidance computer into one package. The mean corrective maintenance time was de
creased from 8.7 hours to a requirement of 3.8 hours. The reliability from 32 hours mean time between failures to a requirement
of 65 hours.
(U) Further improvements to the reliability, survivability, and responsiveness of the Pia system were realized in 1976-77
with the fielding of the automatic reference system (ARS) and the sequential launch adapter (SLA). The ARS uses a North
seeking gyro to provide directional reference for the Pia guidance system. This increases the system survivability by eliminating
the requirement for presurveyed launch sites. The SLA reduces reaction times by allowing the programmer test station to launch
up to three missiles without having to move or recable.
(U) Pershing II (PII) is an evolutionary modernization of the Pia system currently in the field. New motor stages and a
terminally guided reentry vehicle (RV) will give Pll significantly increased range and an order of magnitude improvement in
accuracy compared to Pia. The increased accuracy allows low yield warheads to be used that are consistent with SACEUR policy
to reduce collateral damage while maintaining high weapon effectiveness. Pll has a planned IOC date of December 1983.
UNCLASSIFIED
4
5
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING'S MISSION IN EUROPE
(U) Pershing Ia is now deployed with three U.S. battalions in Europe and two Federal Republic of Germany Air Force wings.
Each battalion and wing has 36 mobile launchers. During peacetime operations, a portion of the Pia assets are deployed on the
QRA mission. The remainder are conducting field training or are maintained in kasernes awaiting alert. The system is designed
to be highly mobile, permitting its dispersal to clandestine sites in times of alert or war. It is deployed at distances greater than
100 km behind the FEBA or political border. Owing to its mobility and setback, Pershing is one of the most survivable theater
nuclear weapons currently in Europe.
(U) Deployment of PII will be similar to that of Pia. The quantity of erector launchers will be the same as Pia, with TOE
reductions in the areas of vehicles, cables, and personnel. Through these reductions, the fielded system will exhibit greater
flexibility and increased survivabil ity.
UNCLASSIFIED
6
FRANCE
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
ESSEN


HANNOVER

FEDERAL
REPUBLIC
OF
GERMANY
ePORZ WAHN
GEl LEN KIRCHEN
Cl e BONN
e FRANKFURT
BERLIN
n
EAST GERMANY
0 HEILBRON (3/84)
STUTTGART O SCHWABISCH (56 BDE 1/411
e GMUND
0
NEU ULM (1/81)
SWITZERLAND
1
AUGSBURG

MUNCHEN

0 U.S. KASERNE
6 FRG KASERNE
POLAND
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
AUSTRIA
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) U.S. Pll SYSTEM FORCE STRUCTURE
(U) The Pershing II force structure, basically the same as Pia, is made up of a CONUS Battalion, and in West Germany the
56th Field Artillery (Pershing) Brigade plus a theater support platoon.
(U) The Conus Battalion provides a rotational base for Pershing personnel returning from Europe and provides support for
Pershing firing activities in CONUS.
. (U) The 56th Brigade consists of three field artillery (Pershing) battalions, a maintenance battalion, and an attached infantry
battalion (security).
(U) The battalions are made up of a headquarters and service battery and four firing batteries with 9 launchers each. Each
battery has three firing platoons with three missiles each. In peacetime the four batteries in each battalion rotate through four
alert readiness conditions, the highest being the assumption of a quick reaction alert status. At random times, during peacetime,
batteries would move to the field under battalion control to maintain tactical proficiency.
(U) During periods of tension (POT) one battery out of each four is moving at any one time, allowing 75 percent of the
force to maintain target coverage. Three firing platoons actually maintain geographical separation for increased survivability
during the movements. While deployed in platoon positions or while moving each platoon is capable of receiving a release message,
independent of battery or battalion operations, and autonomously executing a fire mission.
(U) The maintenance battalion provides all logistics, maintenance, and aviation support to the 56th Brigade. Direct support
and limited general support for all mission essential equipment is provided by the forward support companies assigned at each FA
battalion location.
(U) The infantry battalion provides physical security at the Pershing ORA sites in peacetime. During periods of tension the
infantry battalion provides the outside perimeter security for the Pershing platoons in the field.
UNCLASSIFIED
8
I
FA BN
PERSHING
I
I I
HOAND FIRING
SVC BTRY BATTERY
-
I
PLT PLT
UNCLASSIFIED
PERSHING II SYSTEM
FORCE STRUCTURE
I
FA BDE
CONUS BN
PERSHING II
I
56TH BDE
HQ
I I
HOAND FWD SPT
HOCO CO(DS)
I
PLT
THEATER
SUPPORT
PLATOON
------,
1
r __ .__.,
SUPPORT INFANTRY I
BN
BN I
l
'--------'
I
MAINT AVIATION
AND SPT
SUPPLY CO co
NOTE: TOE BASED ON Pta SUPPORT
BATTALION ORGANIZATION
UNCLASSIFIED
9
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING II EFFECTIVENESS
(U) Against a spectrum of targets varying from very soft to extremely hard, it can be seen that with the accuracy of Pia,
even with high yield nuclear warheads, the probability of kill (PK) starts to degrade rapidly as target hardness increases. On
very hard targets, it is necessary to plan multiple strikes to improve PK.
(U) The pinpoint accuracy of PII (even with much smaller nuclear yields) provides a significant improvement in PK,
particularly against hard point or underground targets.
(U) A recent study shows that against a particular target array, the improved accuracy combined with the lower yield
warheads planned for PII results in an order of magnitude reduction in unwanted civilian collateral casualties.
UNCLASSIFIED
10
PROBA-
BILITY
OF KILL
SOFT
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
PERSHING II SYSTEM ACCURACY AND TAILORED YIELDS
GREATLY INCREASE MILITARY EFFECTIVENESS AND
REDUCE UNWANTED COLLATERAL DAMAGE
I I
MEDIUM
RAIL
MILLIONS OF
CIVILIAN
COLLATERAL
CASUALTIES
CHOKE GROUND
POINTS
I I
HARD
UNCLASSI-FIED
11
UNCLASSIFIED
Pia & AC
PRESENT
NOP
INCAPACITATING
-1 --!CASUAL TIES
V/7;1 FATALITIES
Pll
UNCLASSI F IE 0
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) SHAPE REQUIREMENTS
(U) PII was originally planned to have the same range as Pia. This PII system using Pia motors was tested during the
Advanced Development program. Between the completion of the Advanced Development program and the start of full scale
engineering development, SHAPE requested that OSD direct the following three specific requirements to be incorporated into
the system to satisfy their needs:
1 (U) Extend the range of PII to cover targets in the western Soviet military districts.
2 (U) Transport and launch PII from a modified Pia launcher, which makes it appear similar to the Pia that
has been visible to the German populace for many years.
3 (U) Design the missile and launcher so that either the long range two stage missile or a short range missile
using only the first stage of the two stage version could be launched from the same launcher. The short
range single stage missile should have the same range as the present Pia missile. This configuration is
now designated as PI b.
UNCLASSIFIED
12
t
UNCLASSIFIED
Pll RANGE INCREASED TO ENCOMPASS WESTERN SOVIET .
MILITARY DISTRICTS
Pta LAUNCHER BE RETAINED AND MODIFIED FOR Pll
Pll MISSILE AND LAUNCHER DESIGNED FOR REMOVAL OF
SECOND STAGE, CREATING A SYSTEM HAVING Pia RANGE (PI b)
UNCLASSIFIED-
13
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING OPERATIONAL CYCLE
(U) The primary mission in the SACEUR Scheduled Plan takes one of two forms: peacetime or an increased state of
readiness called period of tension. Different levels or techniques of tasking are used for these mission forms. The peacetime
quick reaction alert (ORA) role requires that for each battalion (wing) one firing battery (or a portion thereof) be on combat
alert status (CAS) on a permanent hard site, covering assigned targets. Full criteria sites are provided for each battalion. These
facilities are sufficient to house and store all the battalion assets and to be the location for the battery assigned to CAS.
(U) In peacetime the four batteries of each battalion rotate through four states or conditions of alert readiness, the highest
being that of the CAS battery. The purposes of this rotation are to assume the CAS status, to share the burden of CAS responsi-
bility, to provide time for field tactical training and equipment maintenance, and to give ample leave and pass time to personnel
without adverse impact on operational requirements.
(U) During periods of increased tension, the firing batteries of each battalion are deployed to previously unused field
tactical sites. At these sites, they assume responsibility for coverage of all assigned targets. During transition from the peace-
time to full combat status, coverage is maintained on the highest priority targets that are assigned to the peacetime CAS bat-
teries.
(U) Once all firing batteries are at their field sites, the firing elements of the battalions are deployed by platoons, which
are separated from each other geographically to reduce vulnerability. The platoons then move to new firing positions on a random
schedule to increase survivability.
UNCLASSIFIED
14
t
ORA OPERATIONS
MINIMUM MAINTENANCE
FIELD TRAINING
BACKUPORA
PRE-COMBAT ALERT STATUS
PREPARE TO ASSUME ORA
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pla/PII COMPARISON
(U) Shown is a summary and comparison of the major hardware for Pia and PI I. The Pia missile is a two stage, surface-
to-surface, ballistic missile with an all inertial guidance system. This type of guidance places the warhead in a preselected
ballistic trajectory. The warhead section is a conical reentry structure with an ablative material over the aluminum substruc-
ture. The warhead is a nuclear airburst/surface burst (AB/SB) system. The minimum range of Pia is 185 km and its maxi-
mum range is 740 km. The Pia launch weight is 10,244 pounds. The Pia erector launcher is pulled by a M757, 5-ton
tractor; a davit located on the erector launcher is used in warhead mating operations.
(U) The PII missile is similar in physical dimension to the Pia missile, but is heavier, weighing approximately 16,400
pounds. The PII missile places the reentry vehicle (RV) in a ballistic trajectory to a predetermined altitude above the target.
At the predetermined altitude, the terminal guidance in the RV is activated, steering the RV to the target. The Pll warhead
is also a nuclear AB/SB warhead with all the modern nuclear safety, command, and control features. The Pll launcher is a
modified version of the Pia launcher. The major changes to the launcher were removal of the davit and cable mast, redesign
of the warhead pallet and EL control panel, and upgrading of the EL running gear. A 10-ton crane was added to the EL
10-ton M.A.N. tractor along with a 30 kW diesel powered generator to provide primary system power.
UNCLASSIFIED
16
P RSHINti
REENTRY
VEHICLE
SECOND
STAGE
FIRST
TAGt
WEIGHT
lENGTH
OIAM TE R
tO 244 l8
4151N.
401N
a t t t ~ t J ; HA141
CHARACTERISTICS Pta U.S. Pll
RANGE (MAX) 1.0 20
GUIDANCE INERTIAL RADAR TERMINAL
ACCURACY (CEPt 10 TIMES BETTER
WARHEAD AB/SB ABiSB
MEN/LAUNCHER IBDEI 41 36
LAUNCHER M790 M790 (MODIFIEDI
. UNCLASSIFIED
17
PERSHING II
WEIGHT
lENGTH
OIAMET A
l t 4 ' l
418 IN
40 IN
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY
(U) The concepts and design for Pll have drawn on over 20 years of Pershing weapon system experience to provide maxi-
mum system flexibility to the user.
(U) The Pia inertial guidance system and reentry vehicle are replaced with a new. highly accurate. terminally guided and
controlled reentry vehicle. The improved accuracy of Pll accommodates air burst/surface burst warheads with reduced. multiple
nuclear yields.
(U) The Pll missile has been designed to provide flexibility with respect to its range capabilities. By removing or installing
this PII second stage. the system maximum range can be controlled and is visibly verifiable.
(U) Pll provides flexibility in targeting through the use of magnetic tape cartridges with a number of different preselected
targets stored on a single tape. This feature makes target changes as simple as inserting new data through a keyboard or inserting
a different target tape cartridge. New targets may be engaged by generating a target scene in the reference scene generation facility
located with each battalion or if required, the Pll guidance provides an inertial only backup capability to the radar area correlator.
(U) The ground support equipment provides the capability for centralized operations from the platoon control central
(PCC) or by removing the remote launch control unit (RLCU) each erector launcher may operate independently provided the
necessary communications are available.
(U) In addition to standard and quick countdowns similar to those in Pla,PII provides a hot hold capability. The hot hold
allows the system to be counted down and held just prior to remote for extended periods of time permiting extremely rapid
launch upon release.
UNCLASSIFIED
18
i
J
WARHEAD
- AIRBURST/SURFACE BURST
- MULTIPLE YIELDS
RANGE
-TWO STAGE MISSILE
-SINGLE STAGE MISSILE
TARGETING
- PRE-PROGRAMMED TARGETS
- TARGETS OF OPPORTUNITY
19
FIRING MODE
-PLATOON
-AUTONOMOUS LAUNCHER
COUNTDOWN MODES
-STANDARD
-QUICK
-HOT HOLD
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) MAJOR PII ADVANCEMENTS
(U) The Pershing weapon system entered development in 1958 and was deployed in 1963. Since that time it has under-
gone numerous modular improvements that have significantly increased the system's operational performance. PII is a
modular i mprovement to the currently fielded system which will again significantly enhance Pershing' s operational performance.
UNCLASSIFIED
20
.
l
I
I
J.
_ _UNCLASSIFIED
MISSlLE GUIDANCE PLATFORM GYROCOMPASSES
NO PTS REQUIRED
THREE MISSILES CAN BE COUNTED SIMULTANEOUSLY
NO HIGH PRESSURE AIR
NO CONDITIONED AIR (COLD)
ALL POWER IS 50 OR 60 CYCLES
FIFTY LESS CABLES PER PLATOON
MISSILE HANDLING CRANE ON LAUNCHER PRIME MOVER
ALL PLATOON GENERATORS ARE STANDARD 30 KW
AT 60 CYCLES
AUTONOMOUS CAPABILITY
-UNl:LASSIFIED
?1
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll MAJOR EQUIPMENT
(U) The major Pll hardware is shown on this chart. The hardware shown on the left side represents the forward area equip-
ment and consists of the missile, the erector launcher with prime mover, the platoon control central (PCC), the reference scene
generation facility (RSGF), and the power source.
(U) The rear area hardware is shown on the right side of the chart and includes the system components test station (SCTS) ,
rear area power unit, electrical shop set, and mechanical shop set. Missile slings and containers are also shown.
UNCLASSIFIED
22
UNCLASSIFIED
FORWARD AREA EQUIPMENT
REAR AREA EQUIPMENT
ll
ERECTOR LAUNCHER
10. TON TRACTOR
~ ~ J
., - -- fl.' (:!- - ii(.
PLATOON CONTROL CENTRAL
REFERENCE SCENE GENERATION FACILITY
RADAR
SECTION
WARHEAD ----
SECTION
GUIDANCE AND
CONTROU
ADAPTER
SECTION
SECOND STAGE-
PROPULSION
SECTION
FIRST STAGE
PROPULSION
SECTION
MISSILE
RV
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
TEST STATION
l--e:::::;,------'l ~ ~
(!) ELECTRICAL f
SHOP SET
L , . 1 . - - - - - J ~
.iJ MECHANICAL
SHOP SET
REAR AREA
POWER UNIT
0
.
.
SUPPLY
OFFICE
0
.
'--
PRESERVATION
AND PACKAGING
CONTAINERS AND MISSILE SLINGS
~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~
UNCLASSIFIED
23
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING II TWO STAGE TRAJECTORY
(U) PI I, a modular improvement to the Pia weapon system, replaces the inertial guidance system and reentry vehicle (RV)
with a new, highly accurate, terminally guided RV. Two new propulsion sections provide range capabilities not available in Pia.
(U) Prior to launch, the missile is referenced in azimuth by its gyrocompassing inertial platform. After launch, the missile
follows an inertially guided trajectory until RV separation. Attitude and guidance commands during powered flight (except for
roll _ attitude) are executed via the swivel nozzles in the two propulsion sections. Roll control is provided by two movable air vanes
on the first stage during first stage flight and by the RV air vanes during second stage flight. The first stage also has two fixed air
vanes for stability during first stage powered flight.
(U) The midcourse phase of the trajectory is initiated at RV separation and continues until the terminal phase begins. At
the beginning of the midcourse phase, the RV is pitched down to orient it for reentry and to reduce its radar cross section. Mid-
course attitude is controlled by the RV vane control system during atmospheric exit and reentry, and by a reaction control system
during exoatmospheric flight.
(U) At a predetermined altitude above the target, the terminal phase begins. A velocity control maneuver (pull up, pull
down) is executed under inertial guidance control to slow down the RV and achieve the proper impact velocity. The radar cor-
relator system is activated and the radar scans the target area. Radar return data are compared to prestored reference data and
the resulting position fix information is used to update the inertial guidance system and generate RV steering commands. The
RV is maneuvered to the target by the RV vane control system.
UNCLASSIFIED
24
r

I
"
I
l
R.
4
RV I
ORIENTATION
SWITCH CONTROL l, - REENTER I
VCS RCS , \J........ ......... ATMOSPHERE
I
// MIDCOURSE ................ , I!
TE I/ - PHASE ', : '.:.' ..,._
RV SEPARATION I \ .;; .. .. . ]';1 .. : .. ;,. ........ ..... )
FIRST"" 1

STAGE ' f -
SEPARATIONIJ I. \
START I
UPDATES , _J k_ . ....- UNCLASSIFIED
I -PULL UP I
#
I
PuLLoowN -- /
I
TERMINAL
PHASE
/) BOOST
<C.4 PHASE
ALTITUDE MAPPING MODE--
I ,
'
PRE LAUNCH
PHASE
FIRST CORRELATOR UPDATES----
IMPACT CONTROL - --
UNCLASSIFIED
25
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll RADAR AREA COR RELATOR
(U) The highly accurate terminal guidance technique used by the PII RV is radar area correlation. Basically, this technique
compares live radar video return to a prestored reference scene of the target area and determines RV position errors with respect
to its trajectory and target location. These position errors are used to update the inertial guidance system, which in turn sends
commands to the vane control system to guide the RV to the target.
(U) At a predetermined altitude, the radar unit is activated to provide altitude update data and begin scanning the target area.
The analog radar video return is digitized into 2-bit pixels by the correlator unit and is formatted into a 128 by 128 array. The
target reference scene data, loaded prior to launch via the ground and missile data links, are also encoded as 2-bit pixels and placed
in reference memory formatted in a 256 by 256 array. The reference scene resolution necessary to correspond to the decreasing
altitude of the RV is effected by placing four reference data arrays in memory, each representing a given altitude band.
( U) This correlation process is performed several times during each of four altitude bands and continues to update the inertial
guidance system until just prior to impact.
(U) If for some reason the correlator system fails to operate or if the correlation data quality is determined to be faulty, the
inertial guidance system continues to operate and guides the RV to the target area with inertial accuracy only.
UNCLASSIFIED
26
COAAELATIOI'ol
"AOCESSOR
FIELD
REFERENCE
SUPPORT
EOUII'MENT
OR OMA BASE PLANT
lARGE T COORDINATES
FROM DATA BASE
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING REFERENCE SCENE SYSTEM
(U) The Pershing reference scene system (PRESS) converts the digital land mass simulation (DLMS) feature and elevation
data received from the Defense Mapping Agency to the format needed to generate PII radar reference scenes. The output of the
PRESS can be disk packs containing the Pll operational data base for all targets or discrete radar reference scene cartridges.
(U) The planned operations will be generated by the Pll operational data base disk packs which will be shipped to the user
in Europe. From the disk packs, the user would input the target data base into the reference scene generation facility (RSGF)
computer. Using the data base, required radar reference scenes may be generated at the battery level.
.
(U) As changes to the DLMS data base are made, the PRESS will generate updated operational data base disks which would
be forwarded to the user. From the new data base, platoon reference scene cartridges will be updated.
UNCLASSIFIED
28
DUll
.ELEVATION
DATA
UNCLASSIFIED
- - ~ - -
PERSHING REFERENCE SCENE SYSTEM
CPRESIJ
\ .
GEOGRAPHIC
COORDINATES
OF TARGET
Pll
O,ERATitmAL
DATA BASE
RADAR REFERENCE ICENEI
REFERENCE SCENE
GENERATION
fACILITY
RADAR REFERENCE
ICENEI
.....
... "l'Qr
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING II REENTRY VEHICLE
(U) The reentry vehicle (RV) is structurally and functionally divided into three sections: the radar section (RS), warhead
section (WHS), and guidance and control/adapter (G&C/A) section. Quick access splices make the RV sections completely
replaceable at the firing site.
(U) The RS consists of the radar unit with the antenna enclosed in an ablative radome. The function of the radar unit is to
transmit radio frequency energy to the target area, receive altitude and video return, and route the detected video and altitude
data to the digital correlator unit (DCU) located in the G&C/A section.
(U) The WHS contains an air burst/surface burst (AB/SB) warhead. Provisions are made within the warhead section for
mounting the warhead cables, the rate gyro unit, and the cables that pass through the WHS from the G&C/A section to the RS.
(U) Tile G&C/A section consists of two separate portions, the G&C and adapter, which are connected by a manufacturing
splice. At the forward end of the G&C there is a quick access splice for attachment to the WHS. At the aft end, the adapter is
grooved to accept the V-band that splices the propulsion section to the G&C/A section. The RV separation system consists of a
linear shaped charge ring assembly bolted to the G&C section so that separation occurs just forward of the G&C/A manufacturing
splice. A protective collar on the outer surface of the adapter, mounted over the location of the linear shaped cl:lc:rge, provides
personnel protection during G&C/A handling operations.
UNCLASSIFIED
30
.

"
.I
INTEGRATED
ELECTRONICS UNIT
INERTIAL
MEASUREMENT
SYSTEM
""'
REACTION AIR
CONTROL VANES
PRESSURE
VESSEL
UNCLASSI FIED
(U) Pll INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS UNIT
(U) The integrated electronics unit (lEU) performs missile guidance, control, and monitoring functions. It consists of a
digital correlator unit (DCU), Pershing airborne computer (PAC), inertial measurement system (IMS), power supplies (PS),
analog signal conditioners (ASC), telemetry interface, and chassis.
(U) The DCU is an all plug-in printed circuit board unit that provides:
1 (U) Analog to digital conversion of the radar video input
(U) Digital reformatting of the slant range plan position radar data into cartesian coordinate ground range data
;! (U) Cross-correlation of the radar data against prestored reference data to generate a three-dimensional match surface
4.. (U) Digital processing of the match data to extract match position, vehicle errors, and correlation quality data.
( U) The PAC consists of the following:
1 (U) A central processor unit (CPU) that is capable of performing all the computational, processing, and formatting
requirements for the air, ground, and test modes of the missile weapon system.
(U) A memory section that is capable of providing the required storage of both the program and data for all operational,
executive, ground communications, and test programs
;! (U) Signal conditioning modules for discrete signals, analog to digital (A/D) and digital to analog (D/A) conversion,
interrupts, and ground support equipment (GSE) data link.
(U) The IMS consists of a platform assembly and two printed circuit modules. The platform assembly contains a four-
gimbal platform, the gimbal drive transistors, digital accelerometer loop (DAL), gyro pulse torquing (GYPTO), and memory.
The two modules are the sequence/alignment/gimbal control and the input/output assemblies.
(U) The PS contains circuits that provide regulated voltages for operation of lEU modules and certain pre-regulated voltages
to the radar unit. All regulated voltages are derived from a 28 Vdc source.
(U) The ASC modules contain the driver amplifiers for the four RV vane actuators, the first stage roll vane driver ampli -
fiers, the nozzle driver amplifiers, and the stabilized antenna unit (SAUl loop amplifiers. The modules also contain the filters
and demodulators required by the rate gyros and SAU resolvers.
(U) The chassis consists of a casting that provides a printed circuit card file to house the modules. It also provides the
mounting for the platform, telemetry modules, ASC, and PS assemblies. The housing has an integrally cast heat exchanger
that provides cooling for the modules and power supplies and is provided with water tight cast front and rear panels. During
ground test, and I EU is cooled by ambient air through the cooling air umbilical provided in the adapter section.
UNCLASSIFIED
32
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING II FI RST AND SECOND STAGES
(U) Two major structural parts comprise the first and second stages of the PII missile: the motor case with forward and aft
stubs and the aft motor skirt. The Kevlar motor case serves as both the propellant container and the outer skin of the missile in
the center of the section. The forward motor stub contains a grooved band to accept theV-band that splices the Gl?C/A section or
the second stage propulsion section. Structural support between the motor case and azimuth ring of the erector launcher is pro-
vided by the first stage aft motor skirt. The aft motor skirts also provide support for the swivel nozzle actuation system, flame
shield, the vane control system, and tail plug assemblies of the first stage. A conduit cover is externally mounted between the for-
ward motor stub and the aft motor skirt. Hard points are provided on the forward stubs and aft skirts for section handling. Two
fixed and two movable (for roll control) vanes in an "X" configuration are located on the first stage aft skirt. No control surfaces
are required on the second stage propulsion section.
UNCLASSIFIED
34
I
I
I
.I
UNCLASSIFI D
<I [j] j ~
KEVLAR
MOTOR
CASE
\
SWIVEL
NOZZLE
THRUST HTPB V-BAND
TERMINATION PROPELLANT SPLICE
PORTS (THREE)
MOTOR
IGNITION
SAFE AND
ARM
THRUST
TERMINATION
PORTS (THREE)
KEVLAR
MOTOR
CASE
l
HTPB
PROPELLANT
AIR VANES
(2 FIXED
2 MOVABLE)
~
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PII MISSILE ON LAUNCHER
(U) The PII missile is a two stage, solid propellant, surface to surface weapon. The missile is 418 inches long, has a major
diameter of 40 inches, and weighs 16.476 pounds. Monocoque in construction, the missile has an outer skin assembled to
transverse rings for rigidity during flight and ground handling. Quick access splice joints make the RV sections and the first and
second stage propulsion sections completely replaceable. Four first stage air vanes, two fixed and two movable, provide aero-
dynamic stability during first stage flight. First stage control is maintained using a swivel nozzle for pitch and yaw control and
the two movable air vanes at the aft end of the first stage motor section for roll control. Second stage boost control is accomp-
lished using the second stage nozzle for pitch and yaw control and the RV air vanes for roll control. Midcourse and termi nal
control for the RV are provided (endoatmospherically)by a hydraulic actuated vane control system (VCS) that drives a set of
four vanes arranged in an "X" configuration, and (exoatmosphericaly) by a nitrogen supplied reaction control system (RCS)
that supplies eight cold gas thrusters arranged on the aft dome of the RV to provide pitch, yaw, and roll control.
(U) The erector launcher (EL) is a Pia EL modified to meet Pll requirements. TheEL consists of a t ransporter frame
assembly that supports an erection system, leveling system, radar section/warhead section assembly and transport pallet, RV
cooling system, ground interface electronics unit (GIEU), and hydraulic control panel. TheEL will interface with either the
single stage missi le or the two stage missile in all modes of transportation, countdown, and firing operations.
(U) The GI EU provides the ground interfaces between the missile, ELand PCC. TheEL operator can test and monitor
E L functions. Additionally, when required, the operator can control the countdown up to remote operations from the Gl EU.
(U) A 10-ton M.A.N. tractor with a 10-ton capacity crane is used as the prime mover for the Pll EL.
(U) The primary power source used with each ELisa diesel engine driven generator set that produces 30 kW, 3 phase,
4 wire, 120/208 Vac, 50/60Hz power and is mounted on the EL tractor. The unit uses 1.5 gallons of fuel per hour when
operated at full load, and its fuel tank capacity permits 8 hours of operation.
(U) A power distribution box mounted on the EL tractor permits any one of the three power sources to provide primary
power for all three E Ls when the platoon is operating in a standby mode. The power distribution box also provides for the
connection of standby power from an alternate source if available.
UNCLASSIFIED
36

031
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING MISSILE CONFIGURATIONS
(U) Shown are the external comparisons of the Pia, Pll, and the single stage (PI b) missile configurations.
(U) Plb is configured using the Pll first stage and reentry vehicle. The reentry vehicle is able to reach targets in the same
ranges as Pia but with approximately 10 times the accuracy. The Pll ground support equipment is compatible with the Plb
configuration. A conversion kit has been developed to make the first stage of PII compatible with the reduced range mission and
to convert the erector launcher to accept a single stage missile.
UNCLASSIFIED
38
UNCLASSIFIED
j
I

Pia
UNCLASSIFIED --........::s
UNCLASSIFIED LJ'-----'\_J
UNCLASSIFIED L..J
---. .... ....
RELATIVE RANGE 1 1 2+
WEIGHT (LB) 10,244 10,600 16,303
LENGTH (IN.) 415 316 418
RELATIVE CEP 1 0.1 0.1
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSlFIE-0
39
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Plb MISSILE AND LAUNCHER
(U) Following the Pll two stage verifications, the missile and launcher were configured in the single stage option (PI b) in
August 1981. This Plb test verified the erector launcher single stage conversion kit.
(U) The erector launcher and missile were subjected to various erection and recapture operations to verify the reduced
range configuration.
(U) Following these reduced range configuration tests, the missile and launcher will be converted to the two stage con-
figuration and will begin complete system level testing.
UNCLASSIFIED
40
.. .,
'
I
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) FIRING BATTERY GSE
(U) Here, the Pia firing battery ground support equipment (GSE) and the PII GSE are compared. Pll represents a significant
reduction in equipment and personnel, as well as operating and support costs over the currently fielded Pia system.
UNCLASSIFIED
42
UNCLASSIFIED
i
I
1
(1ti3t!?lJ4141
Pia

CONTROL........_..
PLATOON I f \
CONTROL PROGRAMMER
ERECTOR CENTRAL (31 TEST STATION
LAUNCHER (9) ....... AND TURBINE .. '
......... POWER


i. ,._ t ......

AZIMUTH ._
PERFERENCE
UNIT(91
-::;_ ;;
' '
t2
,--,
""-
' -.::_)._
.....
.lr- .atj ._
SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION IN EQUIPMENT
MISSION ORIENTED MAJOR
ITEMS 53%
VEHICLES 15%
CABLES 77%
j
.. au
..
U.S. Pll
(t), i3t!? Hjl$1
REFERENCE SCENE
........ GENERATION FACILITY
PLATOON
CONTROL
CENTRAL (41

\
SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION IN PERSONNEL
BN 11'
BDE 10'}
W!W 11 ,,
O&S COST REDUCTION 15
(I) ::3 41 41
UNCLASSIFIED
43
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll FIRING PLATOON HARDWARE
(U) The Pll firing platoon hardware consists of equipment required to launch three missiles. This includes three 10-ton
tractors with primary power sources, a platoon control central (PCC). three erector launchers (Els), control cables, and associaterl
power cables. In practice, firing operations are conducted on a platoon-level basis with one PCC used for the countdown and
launch of three missiles; however, the capability exists, with appropriate command and control, for independent countdown and
launch of a single missile by an EL dispersed from its platoon. In a typical platoon firing site configuration, the platoon is capable
of maintaining standby operations for long periods using a single primary power source with a minimum number of cables
required. A reference scene generation facility (RSGF), located at battalion level, is capable of producing the reference scenes re-
quired by the radar area correlator in the missile.
(U) Pll provides a significant reduction in the n!Jmber of cables required for platoon operations. The PII platoon has 22
cables versus 73 cables for the Pia platoon. The 22 PII platoon cables include all power, ground, and signal cables required for
complete operations.
UNCLASSIFIED
44
HJtQNOV"l

i11SSIW
HOJ.YIIiNiO
M)l 0
HOJ.WiN30
M)IO
.UI11:Y:I NOIJ.YII3N30
3N3:1
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll ERECTOR LAUNCHER AND MISSILE
(U) The Pll erector launcher (EL) is a Pia EL modified to meet PII requirements. TheEL consists of a transporter frame
assembly that supports an erection system, leveling system, radar section/warhead section assembly and transport pallet, RV cooling
system, ground interface electronics unit (GJEU), and hydraulic control panel. TheEL will interface with either the single stage
missile or the two stage missile in all modes of transportation, countdown, and firing operations.
(U) The GIEU provides the ground interfaces between the missile, EL, and PCC. TheEL operator can test and monitor EL
functions. Additionally, when required, the EL operator can control the countdown from the GIEU up to remote operations.
(U) A 10-ton tractor with a 10-ton capacity crane is used as the prime mover for the Pll EL.
(U) The primary power source used with each EL is a diesel engine driven generator set that produces 30 kW, 3-phase, 4 wire,
120/208 Vac, 50/60Hz precise power and is mounted on the EL tractor. The unit uses 1.5 gallons of fuel per hour when operated
at full load, and its fuel tank capacity permits 8 hours of operation.
(U) A power distribution box mounted on the EL tractor permits any one of the three power sources to provide primary
power for all three Els when the platoon is operating in a standby mode. The power distribution box also provides for the con-
nection of standby power from an alternate source if available.
UNCLASSIFIED
46
,i

il
J
'

TRAVEL CONFIGURATION
COUNTDOWN CONFIGURATION

0 -.:1 n
WORK PLATFORM (STOWED)
AZIMUTH CLAMP
RELEASE MECHANISM
HEATER
TO AUXILIARY OR
COMMERCIAL POWER GENERATOR GRO\.IN
CABLE
AC POWER CABLE TO E l NO 1
UNCLASSIFIED
47
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll GROUND INTEGRATED ELECTRONI CS UNI T
(U) Much of the ground computer capabilities, which were contained in the PTS i n Pia, are located on the launcher in PI I.
The ground integrated electronics unit (GIEU) also contai ns EL controls. The GIEU is mounted in the same general location as
the Pia EL control box, but has a structural protective case to ward off small trees or other objects which could damage the unit.
UNCLASSIFIED
48
orr
- - - - ~ ~ - - - - - - ~
031diSSVliONn
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Plb MISSILE ON LAUNCHER
(U) The PII program is maintaining an option in which the Pll missile can be converted to a single stage, reduced range con-
figuration by eliminating the second stage and mating the RV to the first stage. A conversion kit for adding the ordnance neces-
sary to the fire the first stage thrust reversal ports and the case vent system is being developed for the Plb option.
(U) The Pll erector launcher is also designed to accept provisions for the Plb missile. The conversion from a two stage
launcher configuration to a single stage configuration requires a kit containing hardware to support the Plb missile configuration.
(U) The Plb missile/launcher combination is shown in both the countdown and travel configurations. The warhead pallet
in this configuration is maintained in-line with the missile on the launcher. The Plb tractor is identical to the two stage configura-
tion.
UNCLASSIFIED
50
I
i
l '.\ f'L
_,
"'

c o .. TRut
11\i J l
UNCLASSIFIED
R! 111111\110 PAi l ! T
GROUNl'
., Z _A!Il t ...._,,. 101
_........... - ...__ ' \,. -re-
){) rt'lf H
;t .. fRA' )R
-.-
-.._
I 4JI A"'
88 'RAC
f"t.A f'
SI'ARI Rf
...

PQW!R
CABLE JOW2
GROUND
STAKl 1

.,. ''i'r ' ', ,
Jtwl'' ... ! ..
UNCLASSIFIED
10 TOI>o M A Ill
8.8 TRACTOR
lO ""' DttSH
Gf NUIATOA
TR...CTOR
SPAA TIIU
GRUUNO
TAll( Nt I
10 TON CRAN! +<VORAUU<
STOW!O POSITIO"'
"'0RK PlATfORM
srowto
"

PAllET .. IATHtR
0\I.H
,_.ISSIL f , ) ,_.WAH(
R A[ U
..
u_
;J
JJ! .......
U:.'l!:;; t - __ r
.h
Allll I<HL
I'()WIH


UNCLASSIFIED
61
I ill! lOW'> M
"B
14l ..
""p
\1\t
- rJ .-:" :
...
._..._
- ;-,

UNCLASSIFIED
(U) RSGF/PCC
(U) Both the platoon control central (PCC) and reference scene generati on facility (RSGF) are mounted on 5-ton, long-wheel
base vehicles. The equipment shelters are EMP hardened and are protected from biological and chemical environments via condi -
tioned air system filters and pressurized protective entrances. Power for the PCC and the RSGF is provided by 30 kW diesel
generators mounted on M200 trailers.
UNCLASSIFIED
52
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PLATOON CONTROL CENTRAL
( U) Pll firing operations by field-deployed firing battery elements are conducted primarily on a platoon basis with three E Ls,
missi les, and associated ground support equipment. These elements work as a unit under control of the platoon commander in the
platoon control central (PCC).
(U) Three remote launch control units (RLCUs) are located in the PCC to provide interface wi th each missile and launcher.
The RLCU can be removed from the PCC, connected to the ELvia a 400 foot interface cable, and remotely located in a foxhole for
independent launch operations. This capability is provided for operational flexibility in the event a PCC is unavailable or an E L
cannot be positioned within 400 feet of the PCC.
UNCLASSIFIED
54
INTERFACE
MISSILE REMOTE LOGIC
STATUS LAUNCH ASSEMBLY
LAUNCH DISPLAy CONTROL CONSOLE
WINDOW I UNIT (3)
STATUS
DISPLAY
REMOTE '
SPEAKERS
CONSOLE
AN/TRC133
7 /
-<"'
ROAD SIDE
WALL
CURB SIDE
WALL

FIRE
EXTINGUISHER
UNCLASSIFIED
(U} REFERENCE SCENE GENERATION FACILITY
(U) The reference scene generation facility (RSGF) forms a part of the PII ground support equipment. It consists of equip-
ment used for generating magnetic tape cartridges for targets which do not have reference scenes available and for retargeting.
(U) The RSGF is contained within an electromagnetic pulse-hardened S-280 shelter and consists of a minicomputer, two mass
memory units, a line printer, flexible diskette drive, plasma terminal, video display, and a magnetic tape unit. The RSGF uses a
digital data base provided by the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) to produce the magnetic tapes for direct entry into the missile
via the Gl EU tape unit and digital data link.
(U) It is planned to provide each Pershing battali_on with at least one RSGF.
UNCLASSIFIED
56
9
031:11SS\flONn
13NVd
3o1s
30 IS OVOl:l
3:fVS dOl
)l:l'dd )ISIO
Al:IOW31N SSVW

NOI!VH3N39 33N3H3:J3H <n>
l .,1
- --
031::11SSV10Nn
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) FIRING PLATOON OPERATIONS
(U) Normal peacetime operations are conducted by a three-platoon firing battery from each of the three battalions on ORA.
A three-platoon firing battery from each of the three battalions is maintained on ORA at all times. Each firing battery is located
at a permanent hardsite, and each maintains coverage of preassigned targets.
(U) When appropriate alert measures are ordered, previously unused field firing sites are occupied and responsibility for
coverage of all assigned targets is assumed. Once fully deployed, the firing elements are deployed by platoon. Each firing
element is geographically separated from the others to reduce vulnerability, and each is moved to a new firing position on a
random schedule to increase survivability.
UNCLASSIFIED
58
1 PERSHING MISSILE
2 ERECTOR LAUNCHER
3 PALLET COVER
4 POWER CABLE
5 DIESEL GENERATOR
6 POWER DISTRIBUTION BOX
7 10-TON TRACTOR
8 EL INTERCONNECTING POWER CABLE
9 ELIRLCU INTERFACE CABLE
10 PLATOON CONTROL CENTRAL
11 POWER UNITS
12 AN!TRC-133A RADIO TERMINAL SET
UNCLASSIFIED
til 't.'i I :II :11sg

" f
I

.
_-tti
"'- . 4--.1
' -- .. '
If '
I .
7) Mt; ,l
'r.tvli-. "'
J.JJ ,.. T "
-_,., ..

..

I
... . . '
.... . ..,, ...
' ... ""'
( .. -..If-.. ;'..-'
A
,......... . .. .......... ,
' .. "'y
"'l

. .
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) INDEPENDENT LAUNCHER OPERATIONS
(U) With the appropriate command and control, the capability exists for independent countdown and launch of a single
missile by an erector launcher dispersed from its platoon. The only launch equipment required for the launcher is the remote
launch control unit (RLCU) which can be removed from the platoon control central (PCC) for this purpose. Radios for com
munications with the parent unit would also accompany the launcher as well as release message decryption and authentication
capabilities.
(U) This mode of system employment allows flexibility under special circumstances (e.g., PCC damaged beyond use) and is
not intended as a normal operational configuration.
UNCLASSIFIED
60
1 PERSHING MISSILE
2 ERECTOR LAUNCHER
3 PALLET COVER
4 POWER CABLE
5 DIESEL GENERATOR
6 POWER DISTRIBUTION BOX
7 10-TON TRACTOR
8 ELIRLCU INTERFACE CABLE
9 POWER UNIT

10 ANfTRC-133A RADIO TERMINAL SET
I


'llllfiiC
4) tit'
v;
.. ( (
1
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) NUCLEAR- BIOLOGICAL- CHEMICAL (NBC)
(U) Design provides the capability to withstand the known enemy chemical and biological agents and the decontaminants
recommended for use in the field for decontamination of fallout, chemical, and biological agents. The PII system will be desiqned
so that it can be operated by the crew while wearing individual protective equipment (overgarment, mask, hood, and gloves) with-
out significant degradation in reaction times. PII command/control and maintenance support vans will be equipped with positive
pressure collective protection for operations in a chemical and biological environment.
UNCLASSIFIED
62
i
l

NUCLEAR ENVIRONMENTS
OVERPRESSURE
STRUCTURAL LOADS
DYNAMIC LOADING
WINDS
OVERTURNING
FLYING DEBRIS
THERMAL RADIATION
HIGH TEMPERATURE
IGNITION/FIRE
NUCLEAR RADIATION
EMR, EMP
ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
CABLING
BC PROTECTION
PARTIALLY SEALED SHEL TEAS
POSITIVE INTERNAL PRESSURE
FILTRATION BC AGENTS
PROTECTIVE ENTRANCE
POLYURETHANE PAINT
DETECTION SYSTEMS
DECONTAMINATION SYSTEMS
PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
SUIT, GLOVES,
SOCKS. MASK
BOOTS

UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll MOBILITY
(U) Mobility of the Pll is a prime factor for prelaunch survivability of the system. To provide enhanced mobility for PII
under all conditions, a new tractor has been developed for the E L.
(U) The tractor is a 10-ton M.A.N., 8 x 8, four-axle, heavy duty off road truck chassis with a 36-inch diameter full osci-
llating fifth wheel. The tractor also carries a 30 kW diesel engine generator set and a 10-ton full articulation crane. The 30
kW generator provides all ground power for the missile and EL during countdown operations. The 10-ton crane is used for
missile mating operations and eliminates the requirement for an auxiliary wrecker for mating operations.
(U) This new vehicle even with heavier missile/launcher weight provides increased drawbar pull and better flotation than the Pia
vehicle due to more horsepower and modern radial tires. A test with the tractor in Germany in June-July 1980 verified the new
vehicle provides better mobility than its Pia counterpart.
UNCLASSIFIED
64
:
....
" - ..
-- - --
' . --
OVERALL MISSION SUCCESS - PRELAUNCH SURVIVABILITY AS IMPORTANT AS PK
M.A.N. TEN TON VEHICLE SELECTED AS Pll PRIME MOVER
- EXTENSIVE TESTING IN FIELD ENVIRONMENT WITH
SIMULATED PII LOADS
M.A.N. VEHICLE MEETS ALL MOBILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR Pll , EXCEEDS Pia
a e aw a as sa a a
65
.-
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING II AIR TRANSPORTABILITY
(U) The Pershing weapon system is designed for air transport on all standard military airlift command aircraft, (C130, C141,
and C5A). Typical estimates of aircraft required to airlift a Pershing firing platoon force are shown.
(U) The minimum platoon force consists of three missiles on launchers, remote launch control units, and 13 crew members
with a light utility vehicle that could carry minimum essential communication equipment. Such a force could reasonably ensure
rapid coverage of two preplanned targets with backup.
(U) For PI I, the normal platoon force includes normal launch platoon personnel (34) and equipment, including the platoon
control central (PCC). This force has also been augmented with a reference scene generation facility (RSGF), normally assigned to
a battalion or higher units, to allow on-site target reference scene generation.
(U) The ongoing operational test (OT) and follow-on test (FOT) firing programs have routinely demonstrated the air trans-
portability of the PI and Pia systems over a 10 year period.
UNCLASSIFIED
66
.
l
a
I
J.
MINIMUM PLATOON FORCE
SHORT-TERM CONTINGENCY FORCE
SATELLITE TO AN EXISTING BASE.
CONSISTS OF MINIMUM CREW AND
LAUNCH EQUIPMENT AND ESSENTIAL
OPERATIONS PERSONNEL. (TOTAL
PERSONNEL: 13.) HOST BASE PROVIDES
SECURITY, MESSING, MEDICAL, COMMU-
NICATIONS, ETC. MAXIMUM OF TWO
PREPLANNED TARGETS.
CSA 1 AIRCRAFT ,ry
/ - o


C141 4AIRCRAFT

NORMALPLATOONFORCE
MEDIUM TERM CONTINGENCY FORCE
SATELLITE TO AN EXISTING BASE. CONSISTS
OF ALL PLATOON PERSONNEL AND MISSION
ESSENTIAL EQUIPMENT. INCLUDES PLATOON
SPARES AND COMMUNICATIONS PLUS A
REFERENCE SCENE GENERATION FACILITY.
ALSO INCLUDES PERSONNEL FOR DS/ GS
MAINTENANCE AND RSGF OPERATIONS.
(TOTAL PERSONNEL: 34. ) HOST BASE PROVIDES
AREA SECURITY, MESSING, MEDICAL,
ETC.)
C5A - 2 AIRCRAFT
L" + " I ..

C130 13 AIRCRAFT

UNCLASSIFIED
67
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll SYSTEM EMPLACEMENT
(U) The Pll hardware has the inherent capability to perform a standard (OFF-ROAD) countdown in a short period of
time. The time considers one missile on its erector launcher and starts when the launcher is parked in position. Functions
pacing the time required are the warhead mating and the warmup and alignment of the inertial platform in the reentry
vehicle.
UNCLASSIFIED
68
OCCUPY SITE
NO AZIMUTH LIMITATION
SAME MAP ACCURACY AS Pia
NO STAKES REQUIRED
ROTATE WARHEAD
ROTATE PALLET
ElECTRICALLYCONNECT WARHEAD
PRE-REMOTE
ENTER IGNITION ENABLE AND INTENT WORDS
SELECT REMOTE
EVACUATE FIRING SITE
ENTER PAL
EMPLACEMENT
START GENERATOR
LOWER JACKS
INITIATE COUNTDOWN
MATE WARHEAD
e MECHANICALLY MATE WHS/RS
COMBINATION TO G&C/A
ERECTION
LIFTOFF
UNCLASSIFIED
RQ
CONTINUE EMPLACEMENT
CONNECT RLCU
ENTER MOE
CONNECT PCC CABLE
ENTER TARGET CARTRIDGE
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll CRANE OPERATION
(U) The PII prime mover is the 10-ton M.A.N., 8 x 8, four axle, heavy duty, off-road truck with a 36-inch diameter, full
oscillating fifth wheel. The requirement for a separate missile loading vehicle has been eliminated by mounting a 10-ton
hydraulic crane on the M.A.N. vehicle. The crane is designed to be operated from the control panel on the crane or the
electro-hydraulic remote control unit, as shown.
(U) The remote control unit allows complete and accurate operation of the crane. The crane operator has the freedom to
move about, thus maintaining constant visual contact with his load and the ground guide directing the loading operations.
(U) The crane has a lifting height of 36 feet, a working radius of 29 feet, and a slewing range of 390 degrees with the
boom raised at a 5 degree angle.
UNCLASSIFIED
70
UNCLASSIFIED
71
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PII WARHEAD SECTION MATING
(U) The operations required for warhead section mating with the warhead section in the pallet on the launcher are shown.
(U) Warhead section mating operations for PII are simplified by eliminating use of the Pia davit. PII uses a rotating pallet
that automatically moves the radar section/warhead section from the travel position to the mating position. This greatly re-
duces warhead section handling and its vulnerability to damage.
UNCLASSIFIED
72
UNCLASSIFIED
WARHEAD SECTION IN PALLET
WORK PLATFORM IN STOWED POSITION
CONNECT POWER
LOCK PALLET IN MATING POSITION
REMOVE PALLET COVER
MATE INTERSTAGE CABLES
VERIFY CABLING
UNLOCK CRADLE ASSEMBLY
73
LOWER WORK PLATFORM
UNLOCK AND APPLY POWER
TO ROTATING PALLET
ROTATE PALLET
MOVE CRADLE ASSEMBLY AFT
ALIGN WARHEAD SECTION AND
MATE WITH G&C A
TIGHTEN TEN INTERNAL
SPLICE BOLTS
REMOVE UPPER CRADLE
ASSEMBLIES
MOVE PALLET ASSEMBL V
FORWARD
CONTINUE COUNTDOWN
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PI I WARHEAD SECTION MATING
(U) This chart shows the radar section/warhead section in the cradle during mating. These sections will be positioned (using
t he cradle) near the G&C/ A and then electrically mated to the G&C/ A. After verification of the cabling, the warhead section is
mated via the ten internal VEE clamps and torqued to 196 in-lb. After mating the warhead section, the cradle assembly is lowered
and moved forward to prevent interference with the missile.
UNCLASSIFIED
74
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll WARHEAD SECTION MATING VERIFICATION
( U) Shown is a human engineering evaluation of the warhead section mating operations using fifth percentile females in
cold weather clothing. This evaluation verified the operations necessary for using the warhead section cradle for aligning and
mating the warhead section to the G&C/ A section.
UNCLASSIFI ED
76
UNCLASSIFIED
{U) STANDBY TO LAUNCH SEQUENCE QUICK COUNT
(U) Pll's role in Europe requires a rapid reaction time capability. A quick count assumes that the platoon is deployed in
position with t he missile (including warhead) assembled on the launcher. The quick count has the capability of being interrupted
just before acti vating the remote switch, and placing the system in a "hot hold" posture. The hot hold status can be main
tained for extended periods of time. When the countdown resumes after a hot hold, liftoff can be accomplished in a matter
of minutes.
UNCLASSIFIED
78
LAUNCH SITE (3 ELs)
1
RECEIVE ORDER TO START COUNTDOWN RECEIVE RELEASE MESSAGE
POSITION COUNT SWITCH(ES) TO "QUICK" ORDERCOUNTDOWNSTART
2
PRESS "MISSILE POWER" KEY
COPY RELEASE MESSAGE
3
IMS READY G&C/A
OPEN SAFES
REMOVE G&C/A PROTECTIVE COVER
MONITOR COUNTDOWN ......
-
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) STANDBY TO LAUNCH SEQUENCE QUICK
COUNT (CONT)
4
LAUNCH SITE (3 Els)
TARGETDATALOADSTART
MONITOR COUNTDOWN
TARGET DATA LOAD COMPLETE
MONITOR COUNTDOWN
6
REMOVE BALL LOCK PINS
SELECT REMOTE
jPCC
DECO PAL; OBTAIN IGNITION ENABLE CODE
ENTER PAL CODE FOR ALL MISSILES
ORDER.MISSILE NO.1 LAUNCH
ENTER IGNITION ENABLE CODE FOR MISSILE
N0.1
UNLOCK PAL FOR MISSILE NO. 1
80
LAUNCH SITE (3 ELs)
7
EVACUATE lAUNCH SITE
8
MISSILE NO. 1
9
MISSILE NO.2
.
10
MISSILE NO. 3
7
,
8
0
- .:::::. -
ENTER IGNITION ENABLE CODE FOR MISSILE NO: 2
ACTUATE lAUNCH SEQUENCE START FOR MISSILE NO.2
9
... ~ ~ ... \
iii. .
' " ~ ......
.. . .
6 A.., . I I
= - - -
0
ENTER IGNITION ENABLE CODE FOR MISSILE NO.3
ACTUATE lAUNCH SEQUENCE START FOR MISSILE NO. 3
81
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PII MATING OPERATIONS
(U) This chart shows the emplacement of the vehicles during missile mating operations. This emplacement scheme allows
the crane full access to all missile sections positioned on the trailers and the EL.
(U) This emplacement would also be used to change a failed missile section detected during maintenance operations or
countdown.
UNCLASSIFIED
82
FIRST STAGE
CONTAINER
COVER
SECOND STAGE
CONTAINER
COVER
G&C/A
CONTAINER
WHS CONTAINER
RS CONTAINER
2ND STAGE
1ST
STAGE
16,000
15,000
12,500
CRANE
CAPACITY
10

000
- POUNDS 7 500
,
tNtt13tau
.. [ ... ~ ~ [ i j ... ,_ ... t; .. ; t ; ~ ... iJ ..... :a ..... :] 83
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
BOOM EXTENSION -FT
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll FIRING SITE MISSI LE ISOLATION/REPAIR
(U) The forward area maintenance concept provides for fault isolation to a missile section. Upon failure of a section, the
section would be demated, replaced with a battery spare (i.e., first stage, second stage, radar section) or the platoon spare (G&C/A
section). Failed missile sections would be returned to the forward support company for repair.
UNCLASSIFIED
84
i
l
b: _____ l
I
PROPULSION SECTIONS
[ ]
WHO SECT
FORWARD AREA FAULT ISOLATION
SINGLE LRU 90 PERCENT
TWO LRU 100 PERCENT
MEAN TIME TO REPAIR 1.25 HR
UNCLASSIFIED
85
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) THEATER MAINTENANCE CONCEPT- FIRING SITE-
(U) Maintenance of the firing battery and firing platoon equipment consists of operator and organizational maintenance.
Fault isolation is to a line replaceable unit (LRU) or missile section. The LRU would be replaced from the battery spares
(PLL) or the platoon spares (G&C/A). Failed LRUs and missile sections would be returned to the forward support company
(DS/GS) for repair.
(U) Any maintenance on the warhead section will be performed by the special weapons personnel. Depending on the
maintenance required, the work can be performed on site or the warhead may be evacuated to the special weapons ordnance
company.
UNCLASSIFIED
86
(PLLI
- FIRING SITE -
DS/GS
(FWD SPT CO)
PLATOON
SPARE
SASP

87
OS GS ORO CO
SPECIAL WEAPONS
ACT

ON SITE
DS/GS MAINT
SPECIAL WEAPONS

LLC EXCHANGE
CABLE REPLACEMENT
RATE GYRO REPLACEMENT
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll RADAR SECTION CHANGEOUT
(U) This fi gure shows the radar section being removed from its container and being maneuvered for placement in its cradle
on the EL. The reentry vehicle sling, configured to handle the radar section, and the radar section protective cover are shown.
UNCLASSIFIED
88
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll G&C/A MATING OPERATIONS
(U) This chart shows the guidance and control/adapter mating operations using the prototype missile sections. As
shown in the picture on the left, the crane operator, using the remote control unit, is free to move about the work area.
This allows t he operator to maintain close control over the mating operations.
UNCLASSIFIED
90
UNCLASSIFIED

I
a.
I
J,
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll FIRST STAGE MATING OPERATIONS
(U) This chart shows the initial first stage mating operations using the prototype missile section. Shown on the right
is the handling sling for the first stage.
UNCLASSIFIED
92
i
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHI NG SHIPPING AND STORAGE CONTAINERS
(U) Shown are the typical Pia and PII shipping and storage containers. The containers for PII have been redesigned to allow
top loading and removal instead of the front loading operati ons required for Pia. The Pll container cover fasteners are cam bolts
for easy opening and closing as in Pia.
(U) The top loading feature of the PII containers negates the requirement of removing containers from the trailers for mating
operations, thereby reducing handling operations. In addition, there are no internal cables to connect or disconnect when in
stalling or removing the sections.
(U) The PII containers have access ports which facilitate in-container testing of missile sections.
UNCLASSIFI ED
94
UNCLASSIFIED
Pll CONTAINERS
INTERNAL CABLES
CARRIAGE AND RAILS NO INTERNAL CABLES
COVER REMOVED BY HAND COVER REMOVED BY CRANE
UNCLASSIFIED
95
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll FIRING SITE EL ISOLATION/REPAIR
(U) The forward area maintenance concept for the erector launcher is for fault isolation to a line replaceable unit (LRU).
In most instances, the LRU would be replaced with battery spares by missile maintenance personnel, and the failed LRU returned
to the forward support company for repair.
(U) Those items not replaceable by firing battery personnel will require a direct support/general support (DS/GS) con-
tact team for the forward support company.
UNCLASSIFIED
96
1
LIMIT
SWITCHES
AZCLAMP
MECH
(DS;GS RPL)
LEVELING JACKS
AND MOTORS
LAUNCH
CONTROL
ASSV
POWER
CONTROL
ASSY
POWER
CABLES
(EL TO GENl
HYDRAULIC
PUMP
FORWARD AREA FAULT ISOLATION
SINGLE LRU 90 PERCENT
TWO LRUs 100 PERCENT
MEAN TIME TO REPAIR 0.60 HR
UNCLASSIFIED
87
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) THEATER MAINTENANCE CONCEPT- REAR AREA-
(U) Failed line replaceable units (LRUs) and missile sections would be returned to the forward support company for
DS/GS repair. The forward support company performs DS and GS repair on all Pershing peculiar equipment and DS repair
on the M.A.N. tractor.
(U) Failed missile sections are tested in the containers, using the SCTS. First and second stages, upon verification of
failure, would be sent to the 41st ordnance company for repair. The G&C/ A would be removed from its container, tested in
the van, repaired, and returned to stock. All warhead section repairs will be performed by the special weapons personnel.
(U) Failed LRUs would be tested in the van, repaired, and returned to stock. Those critical items unable to be repaired
at the DS/GS level may be sent to the OCONUS critical item repair facility. Items that cannot be repaired at the OCONUS
depot are returned to the CONUS depot for repair.
(U) The forward support company will provide direct support for the M.A.N. 10-ton tractor. General support and
depot support of the M.A.N. vehicle will be provided by the M.A.N. service facilities in West Germany on a contract basis.
UNCLASSIFIED
98
j
I

i
.I
M.AN.
SERVICE
FACILITY
FAG
- REAR AREA -
PLATFORM
FIRING SITE I

CONTACT

99.
MODULES
AND AFT
SKIRTS
'MODULES
CABLES, RATE GYROS,
BALLISTIC CASES
DS/GS ORO CO !
SPECIAL WEAPONS IJ
LLC EXCHANGE
CABLE REPLACEMENT
RATE GYRO REPLACEMENT
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll REAR AREA HARDWARE
(U) The rear area support equipment for a battalion includes a SCTS, an electrical shop set, a mechanical shop set, and the
rear area power unit. The support equipment is completely mobile and can be moved to field positi ons at appropriate alert measures
in support of firing elements.
UNCLASSIFIED
100
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll SYSTEM COMPONENTS TEST STATION
(U) The PII system components test station (SCTS) is used to perform DS/GS maintenance of the PII system. The
SCTS van is hardened against nuclear overpressure and has provisions for CB protection through a CB filter unit and a pro-
tective entrance on the personnel door.
(U) The SCTSs use a computer and software programs for testing missile sections and assemblies from the missile and
associated ground support equipment. The PII first and second stages and radar section are tested in-container only. The
guidance and control/adapter section can be tested either in-container or in-van. Access to the missile sections for in-
container testing is through access ports built into the container covers.
(U) The major SCTS assemblies are the automatic test equipment (ATE), signal and power distribution cabinet, and a 28
Vdc power supply. In addition, the SCTS contains G&C/A section and integrated electronics unit dollies, a section handling
sling, and storage provisions for cables, programs, UUT adapters, cables, and running spares.
UNCLASSIFIED
102
1 -
' " ; ~
"JJ
1t
I l
l
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) SCTS CONFIGURATION
(U) The system components test station (SCTS) is a mobile unit used for rear area maintenance of the Pll system. The SCTS
uses computer and software programs for testing missile sections and assemblies as well as associated ground support equipment.
The radar section and the first and second stages are designed for in-container testing outside the van with the container access ports
removed. Diagnostic software programs are provided for verification and fault isolation of the SCTS automatic test equipment.
UNCLASSIFIED
104
G&C/A
SECTION
DOLLY
POWER ENTRY
AND
DISTRIBUTION
-
lEU DOLLY
LEFT SIDE
POWER
SUPPLY
VAN
POWER
ENTRY
PANEL
VAN INTERIOR
106
STORAGE
CABINET
RIGHT SIDE
MOVABLE
WORK
BENCH
~ ------
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll SCTS AUTOMATIC TEST EQUIPMENT
(U) The automatic test equipment (ATE) in the SCTS provides the necessary stimuli, loads, switching operations, program
control, and measurements required for testing the PII missile sections, its assemblies, and associated ground support equipment.
(U) To perform a test, a software program is selected 'and loaded into the computer memory. The test program is then
executed as controlled by the operator from the CRT/keyboard assembly which provides the man/machine interface. The com
puter controls the stimuli, loads, measurement devices, and switching circuits to exercise the unit under test (UUT) through
programmed tests. Measurements, including frequency, period, time delay, resistance, impedance, and ac/dc voltages, are per
formed by the computer after special signal conditioning and conversion. In addition, the console is provided with a digital
voltmeter, a counter, and an oscilloscope for manual measurement of signals. A printer is included as part of the computer
assemblies. to provide a hard copy of the test results.
(U) A digital tester is also provided to supply pulse and logic level stimuli to digital UUTs through a general purpose
matrix.
UNCLASSIFIED
106
.
't::lo
. . .. .
-

........ ~ .
~ ... , .
'I
' .
I
,,
.. ow
. . .... ~
""' ....
a 1 tQ r:t t. t. 44 1 ::1 t :J t 107
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING WORLDWIDE ACTIVITIES
(U) All support activities presently in place for Pia will provide the required support for PI I. The Pia CONUS and OCONUS
depot and modification facilities will be upgraded to provide support to Pershing prior to and following the fielding of PI I. The
55th Maintenance Battalion (replaced the 579th GSU) will continue to provide DS/GS support to the 56th FA Brigade.
(U) Since no new MOSs have been added as a result of Pll the existing Pershing schools will continue instructional support
of the system. The U.S. Army Engineering School (USAES), Ft. Belvoir, is not required for Pll due to the elimination of the Pia
power station from the PII GSE.
(U) Range support for FOT and Arty/Ord firings will continue in the same manner as Pia.
(U) The 3/9th FA Battalion, Ft. Sill, Oklahoma, will continue as the rotation base for overseas units and will continue to
support the ranges with manpower and equipment. In addition the 3/9th may also assume a tactical mission under FORSCOM.
(U) The FRG support activities for Pia will continue and would continue to support the German Air Force should they
modernize their Pershing wings with PI b.
UNCLASSI'FIED
108
i
...
-
PUAD&
MOD SHOP
UNCLASSIFIED
PPMO
USAFS

GAF DEPOT SUPPLY
ADMINISTRATION

GAF MATERIAL
COMMAND
3/9TH e e

MMCS&
I
GAF
GAF SUPPLY
WING ue ~ / DEPOT SCHOOLS &
MOD SHOP
MOD SHOP
/' e FRANKFURT
AF E TR MOD TEAM
-UN-CLASSIFIED
109
41ST
e ORD e HEIDELBERG
CO PPMO
~ " " " " ' eJ/84
e 56TH ARTILLERY BRIGADE
e 55TH MAINTENANCE BN
e GAF
WING I
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) PERSHING II AFFORDS VALUABLE GROWTH OPTIONS
(U) Both the long range two stage and shorter range Plb missiles can deliver a variety of new payloads. Although no formal
military requirements have been established for these payloads to date, sufficient analyses have been performed to determine
technical feasibility of each candidate.
NUCLEAR EARTH PENETRATOR WARHEAD
(U) Originally a requirement for the Pershing system, this warhead was deleted in the FY 82 budget. The warhead has been
developed but there are no current plans to produce it. The missile design has been maintained to accept and deliver this warhead
should the requirement be reinstated.
MIRV
(U) The present terminally guided reentry vehicle can be replaced with a MIRV forebody containing up to three indepen-
dently targeted warheads.
CAM
(U) The accuracy of PII makes a nonnuclear variant practical and cost effective. The present reentry vehicle can be packaged
with nonnuclear earth penetrators for attack of airfield runways. Other nonnuclear payloads such as BLU-63, M-74, bunker
munitions, and mines could also be delivered.
OTHER WARHEADS
(U) A variety of other conventional warheads have been analyzed for ballistic delivery in event such requirements are
established.
TWO MISSILES/LAUNCHER
(U) Preliminary design work has been completed on a launcher capable of transporting and launching two of the single stage
Plls. This capability could provide increased firepower to aid NATO in covering the mid-range target spectrum at a less expensive
tooth-to-tail ratio than is possible with additional single missile launchers.
UNCLASSIFIED
110
UNCLASSIFIED
/
UNCLASSIFIED
/
EARTHPENETRATOR
WARHEAD
I MIRV
UNCLASSIFIED
t
OTHER
PJJ
WARHEAD OPTIONS
UNCLASSIFIE-D
111
\
TWO PER LAUNCHER
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
Plb
UNCLASSIFIED
(U) Pll FEATURES
(U) PII is an evolutionary modernization of the Pershing weapon system which will be fielded using the existing command,
and control, and support structure as its base.
(U) New motor stages and a terminally guided RV give Pll significantly increased range and an order of magnitude improve-
ment in accuracy compared to Pia. The increased accuracy allows low yield warheads to be used that are consistent with SACEUR
policy to reduce collateral damage while maintaining high weapon effectiveness.
(U) Pll is mobile, survivable, and as reliable as Pia; it also provides assured penetration to the target area. The PII system is
designed to survive nuclear, chemical, and biological attack. High survivability, rapid reaction times, and short flight times make
PII highly effective in SACEUR's scheduled programs to strike high priority, time-sensitive targets.
(U) The increased accuracy of PII allows the use of lower yield weapons which greatly reduces the potential for collateral
damage.
(U) PII provides the flexibility for continued modernization of the Pershing weapon system and to allow it to meet any
additions to its rolls and missions in the future. This capability is provided through its ability to deliver a variety of payloads and
the ability to expand or modify its ground support equipment.
UNCLASSIFIED
112

I
i
UNCLASSIFIED
EVOLUTIONARY MODERNIZATION TO PERSHING Ia SYSTEM
FIELDED BY BOTH U.S. AND FAG
PII IS A HIGHLY MOBILE, SURVIVABLE, ACCURATE BALLISTIC
MISSILE
PROVIDES ASSURED PENETRATION TO THE TARGET AREA
POTENTIALLY REDUCED COLLATERAL DAMAGE (LOWER YIELD
WEAPONS USED)
IOC- DECEMBER 1983
SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY
L I J ~ tiJ ! ! t ~ i I@ 14 1
113