MEASURMENT OF ELECTRICAL QUANTITIES VOLTAGE, CURRENT, POWER AND POWER FACTOR USING RLC CIRCUIT

Expt No:

Date:

Aim: To measure voltage, current, power, power factor using RLC circuit. loading.

APPARTUS REQUIRED: SL.No 1 Name of the Apparatus Single-Phase Auto Transformer Single-Phase Energy Meter Voltmeter Ammeter Connecting Wires Range 230v/(0-270v) 18A 2 3 4 5 75v-5A (0-100)v (0-5)A
-

Type

Quantity 1 No.

LPF MI MI -

1 No. 1 No. 1 No. As per requirements

THEORY: Power is an electric circuit can be measured using a wattmeter. A wattmeter consists of two coils, namely current coil and pressure coil or potential coil. The current coil is marked as ML and pressure coil is marked as CV. The current coil measures the quantity that is proportional to the current in the circuit. The pressure coil measures quantity that is proportional to the voltage in the circuit. Page 1

The given wattmeter is loaded by direct loading.

The ammeter is

connected in series to the wattmeter. Since the same current flows in both the coils, the current and voltage across the circuit are constant. The power consumed by the load is measured using the wattmeter and calculated using the relation given below. Power = V x I x cos (in 1 circuit)

Where,

V = Voltmeter Reading, I = Ammeter Reading

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

(0-10)A, MI

(300V, 10A, LPF) M L

P D P S T S

Fuse
10 A

1 230V
AC Supply 50Hz

(0-300)V, MI

R L C L O A D

NL

Autotransformer 230V/(0-270)V

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FORMULAE: Actual power Where W = = W x Multiplication factor Observed wattmeter reading VI watts Voltmeter reading Ammeter reading Actual Power / Apparent Power

Apparent power = Where V I Power Factor, cos

PROCEDURE: 1. Connect the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram. 2. Initially no load is applied. 3. Autotransformer is set to minimum voltage position before switching on the power supply. 4. Set the rated voltage by using the autotransformer. Measure and record the values of voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter on no load condition. Also carefully note the multiplication factor of the wattmeter that is mentioned in the wattmeter itself. 5. Apply the load by adjusting RLC load. 6. Measure and record the values of voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter. 7. Repeat the steps 5 and 6 until the ammeter reading reaches 10A. 8. After taking all the readings, reduce the load slowly to the minimum and bring the voltage to minimum in the autotransformer. Switch off the power supply. 9. Calculated the Indicated power by the given formula. 10. Calculate the power factor by the given formula.

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OBSERVATION TABLE: Multiplication Factor=

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Wattmeter Reading Sl.No Voltage V (V) Current I (A) Observed Actual (watts) Actual Power (watts) Power Factor cos

MODEL CALCULATION:

Result A single phase wattmeter is used to measure power in AC circuit using RLC loading.

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