14/09/2011

Recycling: Scope & Prospect

Mohammad Ali Project Coordinator JICA Expert Team

Waste Management Division Dhaka City Corporation (DCC) Dhaka ,Bangladesh

THEME: RECYCLING PRACTICE IN DCC

Major Material Recycled out of Municipal Solid Waste are Glass, Plastic, Metal, Paper and Rubber etc. A survey (2005) on solid waste generated rate and physical composition analysis found that per capita solid waste generation rate in DCC area is 0.524 kg/cap/day and the total amount of solid waste generated in DCC area is estimated at 3315 tons/day. On average 4.15% of the total waste generated in DCC area is plastic. There are mainly four stakeholders: waste pickers, primary buyer, whole sale shop keepers and the factories. Sometimes households sell the products directly to the primary buyers.

Background

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MAJOR MATERIAL RECYCLED OUT OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE

Glass Plastic Metal Paper Rubber Others

STRUCTURE OF RECYCLING MARKET

Waste Generator

Collector

Collector/ Buyer

Buyer

Factory/ Recycle Export Domestic User

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ESTIMATED RECYCLABLE MATERIALS VOLUME

Materials Paper Plastic Iron Broken glass Bottle (Glass & Plastic) Can (Iron & Aluminum) Others (Rubber, Bones, etc.) Total
Biswas, DCC Container Survey, 2003

Quantiy (ton/day) 210-225 130-135 90-100 40-45 20-25 15-20 95-100 600-650

A survey (2005) on solid waste generated rate and physical composition analysis found that per capita solid waste generation rate in Dhaka City Corporation (DCC) area is 0.524 kg/cap/day and the total amount of solid waste generated in DCC area is estimated at 3315 tons/day. On average 4.15% of the total waste generated in DCC area is plastic.

PAPER
Old Newspaper Cardboard Clean paper Book (white & newspaper)
Household Street Hawker Retail Shopper

Wholesaler

Broker

Factory (Manufacturer)

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PLASTIC
Polyethylene Soft plastic Plastic Bottle
Broker Broker

Waste Picker (Tokai)

Retail Shopper (Vangari Dokans)

Wholesaler

Raw material supplier

Floting Buyer (Feriwallas) Factory (Manufacturer)

GLASS
Glass Bottle Broken Glass

Waste Picker (Tokai)

Retail Shopper (Vangari Dokans)

Wholesaler

Floating Buyer (Feriwallas)

Factory (Manufacturer)

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METAL
Broker

Waste Picker (Tokai)

Retail Shopper (Vangari Dokans)

Wholesaler

Broker

Factory (Manufacturer)

ESTIMATION SELLING PRICE OF RECYCLABLE MATERIALS

Materials Plastic pieces Paper Cardboard Bottle Glass Bottle Plastic Iron Can (Tin) Can (Aluminum) Broken Glass Sponge Rubber Bone
80 Tk/ 100 pic 90 Tk/100 pic. 100 Tk/100 pic. 110 Tk/ 100pic 5%-7%

Tokai
18-20 Tk/Kg

Retail Shop
22-23Tk/Kg

Wholesale
24-25 Tk/Kg

Raw materials Supplier

26-27 Tk/Kg

Profit by factory
7% -10%

5-6 Tk/Kg 7-8 Tk/Kg

7 Tk/Kg 9 Tk/Kg

8 Tk/Kg 10 Tk/Kg

9 Tk/Kg 11 Tk/Kg

8% 10% 10%-15%

22-24 Tk/Kg

25-26 Tk/Kg

27 Tk/Kg

28-29 Tk/Kg

10% 15%

22-24 Tk/Kg

25-26 Tk/Kg

27 Tk/Kg

28-29 Tk/Kg

8% 15%

20-22 Tk/Kg 60-70 Tk/Kg 2 Tk/Kg 20-22 Tk/Kg 20-22 Tk/Kg 8-10 Tk/Kg

23 Tk/Kg 65-72 Tk/Kg 3-4 Tk/Kg 24-25 Tk/Kg 24-25 Tk/Kg 11-13 Tk/Kg

24-25 Tk/Kg 75-80 Tk/Kg 5-6 Tk/Kg 26-27 Tk/Kg 26-27 Tk/Kg 15-18 Tk/Kg

26-27 Tk/Kg 82-85 Tk/Kg 7-8 Tk/Kg 28-30Tk/Kg 28-30Tk/Kg 19-22 Tk/Kg

5%-10% 10 %-12% 5%-6% 6%-8% 10%-15% 5%-8%

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PRIMARY WASTE SEGREGATION PRESENT & PAST PRACTICE

Previous

Present

WASTE PICKER (TOKAI)

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FERIWALLA/ MOBILE WASTE BUYER

SECONDARY SEGREGATION OF RECYCLABLE WASTE

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(VANGARI DOKANS) RETAIL SHOP (VANGARI DOKANS)

WHOLE SEALER

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WASTE SEGREGATION AT DIFFERENT LEVEL

DIFFERENT TYPE OF PLASTIC WASTE

Plastic Bottle (mainly drinks, mineral water, oil container) Plastic Plastic thick paper

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PLASTIC WASTE RECYCLING PROCESSING

Segregated Hard Plastic

Mixed Plastic Waste

Plastic Segregation

Segregated Soft Plastic

SOFT PLASTIC WASTE RECYCLING PROCESSING

Segregated Soft Plastic

Washing

Different Plastic Product

Drying in Sunlight

Manufacturing

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HARD PLASTIC WASTE RECYCLING PROCESSING

Segregated Hard Plastic Segregating different Hard Plastic

Shredding Hard Plastic

Drying in sunlight after washing

Manufacturing

Different Plastic Product

RECYCLED PLASTIC PRODUCT

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PLASTIC INDUSTRIES IN BANGALDESH

According to Bangladesh Plastic Goods Manufacturer and Exporters Association (BPGMEA), there are 2997 plastic industries located in different parts of Bangladesh. Following Table shows the type of plastic industries in Bangladesh.
Category Number Small 1955 Medium 980 Large 52

Out of total 2997 industries, 381 are hundred percent export-oriented.

Figure 1 shows the location of plastic industries in the country.

WASTE USE AS ALTERNATIVE FUEL IN BRICK FIELD

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PAPER WASTE PROCESSING BEFORE RECYCLING

Paper Manufacturing Industry

HEALTH HAZARD

Segregation Site

Container Site

Dumping Site

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WASTE : FOOD FOR COW

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION

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Major problems of organization faced:

At present recycling system in DCC administrative area is totally depend on an informal collation system and present system it has been identified that the system creates many problem such as:

Environmental pollution Air pollution Health ricks for waste picker Bad smiles Overall it creates a problem for the general people also.

SCOPE OF RECYCLING OF ORGANIC WASTE Composting (small & large scale) Vermi Composting Bio-gas Ecological-sanitation

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SMALL SCALE COMPOSTING

SMALL SCALE COMPOSTING

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SMALL SCALE COMPOSTING

LARGE SCALE COMPOSTING PLANT

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VERMI COMPOSTING

Vermi Composting

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VERMI COMPOSTING

BIOBIO-GAS
Using Poultry Liter - Cow dung - Solid Waste

Product Gas (for cooking) - Gas (for electricity generation ) - by product Bio Fertilizer

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Bio gas plant using cow dung

BIO GAS PLANT USING POULTRY LITER

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BIO GAS PLANT USING SOLID WASTE

BIO FERTILIZER

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ECOLOGICAL SANITATION

Use of -Human Excreta -Urine as Fertilizer

ECOLOGICAL SANITATION

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THANK YOU ALL

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