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PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SETARA STPM
NEGERI SEMBILAN DARUL KHUSUS
TAHUN 2011
MARKING SCHEME
PAPER 1
PAPER2
, .. ~ .... _c
1 B
2 B
0
D
j
4 D
5 c
6 c
7 A
8 D
9 A
~ -
A
PEPERlKSAAN PERCUBAAN BERSAMA NEGERI SEMBILAN
STPM 2011
'"'
11 A
12 c
13 c
14 A
15 A
16 c
17 c
18 c
19 D
20 D
ANSWER SCHEME
PAPER 1 (962/1)
21 B 31
22 D 32
23 D 33
24 B 34
25 D 35
26 D 36
27 D 37
28 c 38
29 D 39
30 A 40
A 41 A
-
B 42 B
c 43 B
D 44 A
D 45 B
c 46 c
A 47 B
B 48 B
B 49 A
D so c
,
-" ' ~
NUMBER
I
2
" ~
4
5
6
7
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN BERSAMA NEGERI SEMBILAN ..
ANS\YE.R
B
B
.
D
D
.
c
c
A
-
STPM2011
ANSWER SCHEME
PAPER! (962/1)
EXPLANAT10N
Number of proton= Number of electron= 17
.. ~
Number of neutron =Nucleon number-Number of proton
= 35- 17
= 18
The smaller the m/e, the larger the angle of deflection
A
36 y +
m/e = 36
B
36 y 2+
m/e = 3612 = 18
c
38 y +
m/e = 38
D
38 y 2+.
m/e= 38/2 = 19
28 X :
18 [ Ar ]3cfs- 4 s
Y
2
+ ion has 28 electron since it is isoelectronic with X
Y atom should have 30 electrons
Y:
1
s [Ar]3d
10
4s
2
Y
2
+: 1s [ Ar] 3d
10
Visible light region involved transition of electron from higher
energy level to n
2
( energy level 2)
A= 400 nm involved n "' --+ n
2
A= 700 nm involved n
3
--+ n
2
Line J involved energy level in between n "' and n3
Physical properties for transition elements :High melting point, high
boiling point, high density & good conductor
Reason : Because of energy gap between 3d orbitals and 4s orbital is
very small, and hence the electrons from 4s and 3d orbitals are
available to become de1ocalized electron which contribute to strong
metallic bond and very good electrical conductivity.
The type of bond found in Caesium, Rubidium and Potassium is the
metallic bond. The melting point lowers while descending
Group 1
NH
4
+ has a tetrahedral shape with 4 bonding pairs whereas l of the
bonding pair is a dative bond.
SF
4
has a see-saw shape with 4 bonding pairs and l lone pair.
XeF
4
has a square planar shape with 4 bonding pairs and 2 lone pair.
!Cl
4
' has a square planar shape with 4 bonding pairs and 2 lone pair.
2
8 D Rate of reaction(R) =k[P]
l
Using (A) as the reference, the rates are
A is R, B is y, R, C is Y. R and D is 3/2 R
9 A l-t is consumed during the reaction (step 2 iuid3 j.}:!ence, !t cannot
1 ..
be a catalyst.
.
. . ' '-
.. . .. . . ,. -- . '',7]''': :;;c;u.;io\d'

10 A D The presence of catalyst increase the rate of forward reaction and
reverse reaction to the same amount, reduce the forward activation
energy and reverse activation energy to the same extent, and hence it
does not affect the equilibrium position and the composition of the
eq uilibri urn mixture.
c Decreasing pressure favour the direction which can produce
mere gas particles, and thus position of equilibrium shift to the right.
Hence, amount of PCh increases.
B When T increases, Kp increases. Increasing temperature favour
endothermic process so that heat is absorded to reduce the
disturbance of increasing temperature.
A Kp = Kc (RT)
11 A
K=
F;
-
p
f:;;:
' '
7.83 atm = PF
2
/ 0.200
PF = 1.25 atm
1.25 atm ofF atom come from dissociation of0.625 atm ofF
2
molecule.
Hence, originally there is (0.625 + 0.200) atm of F
2
molecule.
% ofF
2
dissociate= (0.625/0.825) x l 00%
= 75.8%
12 c A Lewis
B Lewis
c Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis
D Arrhenius
3
13 c
14 A
15 A
I6 c
17 c
pH = - log[H+]
I 0.35 = - log[H+]
[H+] = I

[OR] =

I O 103s
= 2.239 x 10
4
mol dm-
3
.. .... , Mg(OH)2 (s) -7 Mg
3
+(aq) + 20H-(aq)
Ksp = [Mg
3
+][0Hf
= (2.239 X l 0
4
/2)( 2.239 X

i
= 5.61 x 10"
12
mol
3
dm-
9
NH4 + + oH -7 NH
3
+ H
2
0
Iniiial: 0.75 mol 0.50 mol
Final : 0.25 0 0.50 mol
[NH/] = 0.25/0.500
= 0.500 M
[NH3] = 0.50/0.500
= 1.00 M
pOH = pKb - lg [Base ]/[Salt]
= -JgJ.8 X 10"
5
- lgJ.00/0.500
= 4.4437
pH = 14 - 4.443
= 9.56
!':,,. = .'4u-<-',v
,\f.:;.P,:.
mw (18.0)(99.2)
=
I 00 (169 .0)(1 .8)
mw= 587 g
X: R
1
- 4.50/5.40-0.83 (Isoleucine)
Y: R
1
= 1.80/5.40 = 0.33 (Taurine)
Z: Rt = 3.00/5.40 = 0.56 (Alanine)
B 2Cr'+ + 3Ba -7 2Cr + 3Ba-+
e.m.f= -0.74- ( -2.90) = +2.16V
A Co
2
+ + Ba -7 Co + Ba
2
+
e.m.f= -0.28- (- 2.90) = +2.62V
C 2Co
3
+ + Ba -7 BaH + 2Co
2
+
e.m.f= + 1.82- (- 2.90) = +4.72V
D 2Co
3
+ + Pb
2
+ + 2H20 -7 2Co
2
+ + PbO, + 4H+
e.m.f= + 1.82- ( + I .47) = +0.35V
4
18 c
19 D
20 D
Gas at anode is oxygen gas.
Equation: 40R -7 02 + 2Hz0 + 4e
112 0
. No ofmo1e of oxygen g a s = ~ ~ - = 5 X 10o mol
22400
From the above equation, 1 mole of oxygen gas produced by 4 F, .
hence
" ". ' 4F F'
5 X 1 0"
3
mole of oxygen gas required ~ X (5 X 1 0"
3
) =-
1 50
Definition: The standard enthalpy change of formation of a
compound is the enthalpy change when l mol of the compound is
formed from its elements under standard condition.
A 2H(g) + \0 Oz(g) -7 HzO(g)
Hydrogen gas must exist as molecule, H
2
B CO(g) + \0 02(g) -7 C02(g)
Carbon monoxide, CO is not an element.
C 2N(g) + 3H
2
(g) -7 2NH
3
(g)
Nitrogen gas must exist as molecule, N
2
D 2C(s) + 3Hz(g) -7 C2H6(g)
In the reaction between group 2 elements and water, the Group 2
elements act as reducing agents and reduce water to hydrogen .
Group 2 elements are reducing agents via the following process :
M -> M2+ + 2e
As the atomic size increases down the group , the ionization energy
decreases and the ability to lose electrons (oxidizing power)
increases. Hence, reactivity towards water increases.
Be Reacts with steam at very high
temperature
Mg Slow with hot water, but fast with steam
Ca Slow with cold water, but rapidly steam
Sr and Ba React vigorously with cold water
Going down Group 2, the thermal stability of the carbonate
increases, the solubility of the carbonate increases, the solubility of
sulphates decreases and the oxides become more basic in nature.
5
21 B Aluminium chloride can be prepared by action ofalu!Ylinium with
dry hydrogen chloride gas or dry chlorine gas.
2Al(s) + 6HCI (g)_, A]zCI6 (s) + 3 H
2
(g)
2AI(s) + Cl
2
(g)_, A]zCI
6
(s)
.
. ' .. . . .
.. " ~ - -
'
The apparatus used in the preparation have to be dry to prevent the
:-:
hydrolysis of Aluminium chloride.
In the Friedel Craft's reaction , aluminium chloride acts as a lone-
pair electron acceptor (Lewis Acid) :
A]zCl6 + 2CI
2
_, 2AICI
4
. + 2 Cl +
At room conditions, aluminium chloride exists as a dimmer so that
the aluminium atoms achieve octet configuration.
In the vapour state, aluminium chloride exists as discrete AICI
3
molecules.
A]zCI6 (s) _, 2AIC1
3
(g)
!!.
22 D Carbon, being a Period 2 element, does not have empty d orbitals in
its valence shelL
?O
- ~
D PbCl4 (I)
_,
PbC]z (s) + Ch (g)
!!.
24 B Nitrogen gas can only be prepared by using the method of fractional
distillation of liquedfied air.
25 D Cl2 > Brz > I2
weaker oxidizing agent
c1 > Br >I-
stronger reducing agent
26 D The coordination number of cobalt in the complex is 6
27 D A Lewis base : lone pair electron donor. Water acts as lone pair
electron donor, hence it is a Lewis base.
B Six ligands surround the central atom, hence its shape is
octahedral
C Bronsted Lowry acid : proton donor . Due to high charge density
and hence high polarizing powerof Ti
3
+ ion, 0-H is weaker and [
Ti (H
2
0)
6
]
3
+ undergoes hydrolysis.
D 22 Ti : ls
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
2
4s
2
6
Compound X shows both cis-trans m1d optical isomerism

28 c
For the cis-isomer there are 2 optical isomers. For the trans
isomer,there are also 2 optical isomers. Hence the total number of
stereo isomers is 2+2 4. . .:
29 D A is unlikely because the molec.ule is big with 8C atoms
.. ! . ,;:;: ..

.J:l.js_correct for aliphatic alcohols and acids. Phenolic -OHgroups
react slowly with PC1
5
C is wrong because the group present is not methyl carbonyl but a
methyl amide CH
3
CONH-
Dis correct.. Ethanoil chloride reacts with the phenylamine to give
the amide acetaminophene
30 A I is an aliphatic alcohol and has the lowest acidity.
II, Ill, IV are all phenols which are more acidic than alcohols.
II is also a carboxylic acid- is the strongest acid of all.
IV is stronger acid than III.
IV has an electron withdrawing group -Cl which reduces the -ve
charge density on phenoxide ion and stabilises it.
III is weaker because -CH
3
group is electron donating, increases -ve
charge density on phenoxide ion and destabilise it.
31 A P contains Nand dissolves HCl P is basic. P must be an
amine. Q when heated with NaOH produces alkaline gas (NH
3
). Q
must be a primary amide( -CONH
2
).
A is correct.
32 B A is incorrect. Since the bonds in polymer chain is amide and ester,
both can be broken by hydrolysis with NaOH
B is correct because all along the polymer chain is observed -COO
(ester bond) and -CONH (amide bond). Hence the polymer is a
polyamide and a polyester.
C is incorrect. Only carbonyl compounds react with HCN. But the
chain is ester and amide bond and not a carbonyl bond
D is wrong. The first monomer is correct but the 2nd monomer
should only have 2C not 4C.
oo
jj
c The repeat unit comes from a monomer that must have 2 different
functional groups that can undergo condensation. Cis correct
because the acyl and hydroxyl group can condense to give the exact
repeat unit.
"Ll
j, D R must have a carbonyl group joined to CH
3
group. B and D has this.
But B is acidic because it is also a phenol whileD is neutral because
it is an alcohol.
D is conect .
7
35 D Step 4 is incorrect. The compound formed should have the formula
CH
3
CONHCH
2
CH
3
and not CH1NHCOCH
2
CH
3
36 c To form a stable diazonium salt at 5'C, aniline or phenylamine must
be the reactant. Only Cis phenylamine. The rest are not.
.
....
37 A CH
3
CH
2
COOH is carboxylic acid while CH
3
CH(NH
2
)COOH is an
amino acid. An amino acid can exists as zwitter ions with strong
ionic bonds between them. Hence the carboxylic acid is more
volatile than the amino acid.
B CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
3
is straight chain with a larger surface area.
CH
3
CH(CH
3
)
2
has a branch- have a more spherical shape with
smaller surface area. Will have lower boiling point because slightly
weaker Vander waals forces and is more volatile
c first molecule has the polar C=O bond; stronger van der waals
forces.
D first molecule is cis (more polar) has higher boiling point than
trans.
38 B S is resistant to oxidation=> 3' alcohol or acid. Reacts with Nato
give Y, mol H
2
gas=> S has only 1 -OH group. Only C satisfies the
above properties.
39 B One CFC molecule can destroys 1 00,000 molecules OJ is because
there is a chain reaction where the free radicals Cl and ClO gets
regenerated.
B is the answer. Note 0 radicals are not generated in the chain
reaction
40 D Haloalkane undergoes nucleophilic substitution reaction with OR
41 A Only 1 is correct.
.
The higher the place , the lower the atmospheric pressure due to the
low air density. The water boil when the water vapour pressure
equivalent to the atmospheric pressure, thus boiling point drop.
42 B The unit of the rate constant for a first order is time'.
43 B 1 HN0
2
(aq) (Stronger oxidising agent than Sn"+)
2 Fe
3
+ (aq) (Stronger oxidising agent than Sn
4
+)
0
Fe
2
+ (aq) (Weaker oxidising agent than Sn
4
+) ~
8
44 A L\.E'- E' (reduction)+ E' (oxidation) e.m.f. must be positive.
1. Co
3
+ (ag) + Cr
2
+ (ag) -7 Co
2
+ (aq) + Cr
3
+ (aq)
e.m.f. = (+ 1.81) + (+ 0.41) = + 2.22 (Feasible reaction)
2.
Cr
3
+ (aq) + Ti
2
+ (aq) -7 Cr
2
+ (ag) + Ti
1
+ (aq)
e.m.f. = (-0.41) + (0.37) =- 0.04 (Not Feasible reaction)
--
- .
. ::
Ti
3
+ (aq) + Co
2
+ (aq) -7 Ti
2
+ (aq) + Co
1
+ (aq) "
~ -
e.m.f. = (-0.37) + (-1.81) =- 2.18 (Not Feasible reaction)
45 B 1 Electron affinity of bromine is -342 kJ mol''
Electron affinity of bromine= (280 -622) =- 342 kJ mor
1
2 The lattice energy of potassium bromide is- 672 kJ mor
1
Lattice energy= ( -392- 280) = -672 kJ mor
1
3 The enthalpy change for the reaction Br
2
(g) -7 2Br(g) is -224 kJ
Enthalpy of atomisation of bromine= 2(622- 51 0) =+224 kJ mor
1
46 c Both the oxides of phosphorus are covalent .
Due to the bigger size of, and more electrons in P
4
0
10
compared to
P
4
0
6
, the van der Waals forces between the P
4
0
10
molecules are
stronger.
47 B l NH4 + ion : The lone pair electron on theN atom is used to form
dative bond with H +
2 CH
1
NH
3
+ion : The lone pair electron on theN atom is used to
fonn dative bond with H +
" 2NH
1
+2e ~ 2NH2. + H2 : The lone pair electron on theN ~
atom is not involved in the reaction.
48 B Step 1 is correct- oxidation by hot KMn0
4
/H+ of side chain to
COOH group. Step 2 is coiTect- esterification reaction between-
COOH and CH
1
CH
2
0H. Step 3 is reduction but the reducing agent
used is wrong. LiAIH
4
cannot be used. The reducing agent to convert
-N0
2
to -NH
2
is metallic Sn with cone HCl
49 A 1 is correct. Y has the structure CH1CH(OH)- which gives yellow
ppt with aqueous alkaline iodine. X does not have any structure that
gives +ve result with this reagent So 1 can distinguish between X
andY.
2. Both X andY are phenols, so Br2(aq) will give +ve results with X
and Y and so cannot distinguish between them
3. Acidified KMn0
4
cannot distinguish because both X andY has
carbon side chains that can be oxidised.
50 c 1 is wrong. To give N
2
gas with HN0
2
must have -NH
2
group.
2 is correct because compound is a 3 amine which is basic.
3 is correct because compound contains a carbonyl -C=O group.
9
(a)(ii)
(b) (i)
(b)(ii)
(c)
MARKING SCHEME
STRUCTURE QUESTIONS
..

H ~ /
H - ~ c ~ c ~ \ ~ /
c=o
..
. ./ ~ H H 2
H-O
..
All oxygen atom, 0 have 2 pairs of dot.
Two C atoms have a double covalent bond.

All carbons that have only single bonds are sp
3
hybridized.
The three carbons that have double bonds are sp
2
hybridized.
Ionic : RbCl
Non-polar covalent : Ss, F
2
Polar covalent : PF 3, SCb, SF2
PCI
5
:trigonal bypiramidal, 90 and 120
PC!/ ion : tetrahedral, 109.5
PCI6. ion : octahedral, 90
l
1
l
1
1
1
2
3
1
3
Total 10
Q Answer
... -
Mark I: Mark
2
(a)(i) Ksp = [Mg"+][OHr
.
1 1
(a )(ii) Let [Mg(OH)
2
]=[Mg"+]=x
..
- .
I . . "'
x,r:= 2:5cx - 1 0 -
1
~ - = >
x = 8.55 x 10-
5
mol dm-
3
1 1
(a)(iii) Less soluble 1 2
because of the common ion effect 1
(b) pOH = 14.0-9.0 = 5.0 1
[salt]
pOH = pKb + log -[ -)
Base
-s [salt]
5.0=-]oaL75x10 +log--
b 0.20
1
[salt]= 035 mol dm-
3
Mass ofNH
4
CI in 250 cm
3
= 0.35 x 53.5 x250/l 000 = 4.68g
1 "
.)
( c)(i)
P, ~ X,P,
0
~ JO ~ 5 6 ~ 39 2 kPo}
100
1
30
P
8
= X
8
P
8
= -x 34 = 10.2 kPa
100
Total pressure= 39.2 kPa + 10.2 kPa = 49.4 kPa
1 2
(c)(ii) Dalton's Law
%XA vapour=
392
xl00 =79.4%
1
49.4
% Xs = (100 -79.4) = 20.6%
1
The composition of the first vapour is 79.4% of A and 20.6% of B.
2
Total Max 10
Q Answer Mark I: Mark.
3
(a)(i) Giant covalent/macromolecule
.. .. - .
,,J ..
I
I
..
... . .
. ... :.c .
(a)(ii) Na
2
0 and MgO are basic (both) I
Si0
2
, P
4
0
10
and S0
2
are acidic oxides (any two) I 2
A)z03 is an amphoteric 1
(a)(iii) I

/s, ..
0 . 0

or

~ s ~ ..
0 ()
..

I
(b )(i) 2Mg(N0
3
)
2
(s) 2Mg0 (s) + 4N02(g) + 0
2
(g) I I
(b )(ii) Brown fumes given off I a white solid remains 1 I
(c) Decreases 1
The hydration energies of the ions decrease more than lattice I
energies decreases.
I . . . M '+ C '+ S '+ B '+
I
0
omc s1ze mcrease, g ~ < a ~ < r ~ < a-
~
Total 10
Q Answer Mark I:-Mark
4
(a) The amine group (-NH-) 1
-- ---
CH3NH--CONHCH(CH20H)COOH + HCl -7

. --_ :
-- 1
. " -. - : .
-CONHCH(CH20H)COOH] cr 2
(b)
The amide group (-CONH-); the hydroxyl group (-OH);} any
the carboxylic acid group ( -COOH) two 1 l
(c) (i)
CH
3
NH-@-cooNa+ and H
2
N-CH-cooNa+
1 + 1
I
CH
2
0H
(c)(ii)
CH3NH-@-coNHCH-CH20H
I
1
CH
2
0H
(c) (iii)
CH
3
NH-@-CONHCH-COO'Na+ 1
I
CH20.Na+
(c) (iv)

-CONHC-COOH
1
II
CH2 5
(d) (i)
CH
3
NH-@-cocl + H2N-CH-COOH -7
I
CH
2
0H
CH
3
NH-@--CONHCH(CH20H)COOH + HCl 1
(d) (ii)

II I
I
0 NH2 2
Total 10
Question 5
Q5 Answer
---Mark
:t
Mark
S(a) pV=nRT; n=rn!M, or Mr=mRT/pV 1
M, = 0.269 X 8.31 X (273+ 120) 1 .
1.00 X 10
3
X 10.0 X J0-
3
-- -- -- ---- -- --
= 87.9 ( 3 sig figs) 1
. .
a as 'A behavesldeall y Becaus-e
1
Pressure is low and temp is high 1 5
5 (b) M, of acid A is 90 1
identity of acid A is H
2
C
2
04 or HOOC-COOH 1
mle suecies
17
OH+
4,5-2
28
co+
2,3- 1
45
COOH+
0,1-0
56 O=C-C=O+ I C
2
0/
90 H2C20/ I HOOC-COOH +
4
5( c )(i) (CH3)3N and (CH3)2NH have simple molecular structures. 1
Between molecules (CH3)
3
N are van der Waals forces and 1
hydrogen bonding between molecules of (CH3)2NH
hydrogen bonds are stronger than van der Waals forces. 1
5( c )(ii) In polar solvent I water, HCOOH exists as sinzle HCOOH 1
molecules; RMM is thus 46
In a non-polar solvent I benzene, two HCOOH molecules 1
bond with each other by hydrogen bond (to form dimer).
t Hydrogen bond
0:-----H-0 .
1
H-e .C-H
0-H----- :0
bonds
Diagram
6
(hence RMM is 2x46 = 92)
Total 15
Question 6
Q6 Answer Mark z
Mark
6 (a) Electronegativity is the measure of the ability of an atom to l 1
attract the electrons in a covalent bond to which it is ... ~
bonded.
(b) .,,,, ',
Electronegativitjl increases
" '
1
Across period:-
Atomic size decreases, l
the number of protons increases 1
thus the effective nuclear charge increases 1
Max
the strength of attraction for electrons increases 1 4
(c) Across period 2:-
The number of protons increases and 1
screening effect almost constant 1 2
(d) The copper anode dissolves to form Cu"+ ions in solution 1
and
The silver impurities fall to bottom of container 1
The cathode has been deposited with a brown solid of
copper. 1
The intensity of the blue colour of electrolyte solution 1
remains unchanged
Explanation:
At anode(+)
(i) Cu(s) -7> Cu
2
+(aq) + 2e E
0
=-0J4V
(ii) Ag(s) -7> Ag\aq) + e E
0
=- 0.80V
>- 1
(iii) 2H
2
0(l) -7> 02(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e E
0
= -1 23 V
'
Or 40H"(aq) -7> 2H20(l) + 02(g) + 4e E
0
=-0.40V
The oxidation that is most favourable is that which has the
1
least negative E
0
value is copper anode dissolves to become
Cu
2
+ ions I Cu(s) -7> Cu
2
+(aq) + 2e
At the cathode (-2
2H+ ( aq) + 2e -7> H2(g) E
0
= 0.00 V
}
Or 2H20(l) + 2e -7> H2(g) + 20H"(aq) E
0
= -0.83V
1
(ii) Cu
2
+(aq) + 2e -7> Cu(s) E
0
=+0.34V
Of the two above reduction reactions at the cathode, the
most favourable and the one having the most +ve or least-
1 8
ve E
0
value is (ii) I Cu
2
\aq) + 2e -7> Cu(s)
So copper is deposited on the cathode as a brown solid
.
Question 7
c-c-c-=.x ... "------------
7(a)
7(b)
7(c)(i)
7(c)(ii)
(i) An electrol)iic process to increase the thickness ofthe
aluminium oxide layer on aluminium.
(ii)
Method: electrolysis
Anode: aluininiilm and Cathode: graphite (Cu or Pb)
Electrolyte: dilute H2S04 (aq) (or dil HN03)
[diagram]
Al object --+ +---- graphite
-1-- dilute H,so,
diagram with label
At anode:
1
1
02 gas is liberated : 40H.(aq) -7 2H20(l) + 0
2
(g) + 4e 1
Or 2H20 -7 02 + 4W +4e
The oxygen gas oxidizes the Al anode to give Ab0
3
:
4Al(s) + 302 (g) -7 2Ah0J(s)
The thermal stability decreases from CCl4 to PbC1
4
Size of atom increases from C to Pb
Length ofM-Cl bond becomes longer I weaker
CCl4, SiCl4 and GeCl4 are stable to heat
I will not decompose when heated
Or SnCl
4
and PbCl
4
decompose on heating
I unstable to heat
PbCl4(l) -7 PbCb(s) + Ch(g)
or
Or SnCl4(l) -7 SnCb(s) + Cb(g)
CCl4
Carbon does not have any empty d orbital
SiCl
4
[or other tetrachloride of Group 14]
SiCl4 + 2H20 -7 Si02 + 4HCl
[or equation using other tetrachloride of Group 14]
Total
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
mark
7
Max4
2
2
15
Question 8
8(a) Solid NaX when heated with cone. H2S0
4
produces T
gaseous hydrogen halide.
NaX(s) + H
2
S0
4
(aq) 7 NaHS04(aq) + HX(g) 1
I (Na){: NaCl, NaBr or Nal is used)
Concentrated H
2
S0
4
is stronger oxidising agent than Br
2
1
canoxidized HBr to Br2 ____


2P!Br(g)'+HiS6:r-7 En( g) *:Sfh(g) + 2H
2
0(/) 1 -- { (}'" J ';-,
Cone H
2
S0
4
as a weaker oxidizing agent than Ch so cannot 1
oxidise HCl to Ch Max4
8(b) (i) Electronic configuration for
Sc(protonno. 21) :1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
1
4s
2
3-2M
Sc
3
+ : ls
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
1
Mn(proton no 25) : ls
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
5
4s
2
2-1M
Mn
2
+ : ls
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
5
1
I.
Zn(proton no 30): ls
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
10
4s
2
0 -OM
Zn
2
+ ; ls
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
10
1
8(b) Sc'+ and Zn"+ ions 2re colourless 1
(ii) Sc
3
+ has no d electrons and Zn
2
+, d orbitals fully filled 1
Both ions cannot have d--d transitions 1 5
8( c )(i) Add aqueous ammonia to aqueous chromium(III) chloride 1
solution.
[Cr(NH
3
)6]
3
+ is more stable than [Cr(H,0)
6
]
3
+ so NH3 1
ligand displaces H
2
0 ligand
[Cr(H
2
0)
6
]
3
\aq) + 6NH
3
(aq) :;::::::::: [Cr(NH,)
6
]
3
+ + 6H
2
0(l)
l
8( c )(ii) Cr'+ ions have empty 3d (4s or /and 4p) valence orbitals 1
Cr
3
+ ions have high charge density 1
Or small ionic size and high charge
8(c) [CrCh(NH3)4t Show geometrical isomerism
(iii)
Cl C:l

1
! Cr ' I Cr
1

'0n, Cl
6
[both structures must be correct]
Total 15
Question 9
9(a)(i) Elimination reaction I.

(a)(ii) C!CH
2
CH
2
CH,CH
2
Cl -7 CH
2
=CH-CH=CH
2
+ 2HCI 1


(a)(iii) Addition polymerization
II

COOH

I I

. or
, ___
... ""
.ecce .,,.,,,,,.,,,: ,
I
COOH
I

I I
4
CK COOH
9(b )(i) Toluene undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction (to form I
ortho and para chlorotoluene)

""'
c1 -
[FeCI,]'
I
Electrophile

H

""'
;\ +) )-CH3
Cl
\....::::::_/
I
H ;;:::::-\
'"-.. ' ........, \
' + )
-:- FeCl-J -?CI- I r ; +FeCI
Cl/.- I 4
9(b )(ii) Name of mechanism: electrophilic addition I
Cl
0+ o
__/+\
+ Cl-Cl 7 CH,-C-CH: +CI 1
' I
CH: CH:
.c1)
Cl
/+ \
I
'
CH
0
-C-CH
3

rCI' 7 CH;-C-CH:
I 3
I
v
I
CH; Cl
9 (c)

B is more acidic than A
1
R-OH + H
2
0 -
R-U
+
H,o+ 1
[R based on the example of A orB]
-N0
2
IS electron withdrawing, stabilized phenoxide ion, 1
equilibrium shifts more to the right
-CH
3
is electron donating, destabilizing phenoxide 1011 thus
1
4
equilibrium shifts more to the left.
Total 15
Question 10
1 O(a)
(i)
Orange precipitate with DNP- X is an aldehyde or ketone or a 1
carbonyl compound
No observable change with Tollen's reagent- X is a ketone
Yellow precipitate with !
2
/NaOH- X has the foil wing structure
CH
3
-CC'O
.. . ,........... ,, ......... J ......... . ,_ 2 .. ,.,,
1 O(a)
(ii)
1 O(b )(i)
(b )(ii)
(iii)
+ H2N-NH-)Q>-NO,
CH
3
0
2
N
CH,CH,CH,-C=N-NH-@-No,
I ;
CH
3
0
2
N + H
2
0
Amide
carboxyl
CHI
3
+ CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
COU
+r+H,O
(no need to be balanced)
C
6
H
5
COC1 and H
2
NCH
2
COOH
[condition] Heat with
[reagents] aqueous sodium hydroxide
[regants] Add dilute mineral (HCl, H
2
S0
4
, HN0
3
) acid
[equation J
@-e-N- CH
2
COOH + 2NaOH 7 @-COON a
II I
0 H + H
2
NCH
2
C00Na
@-cooN a + HCI 7 @-cooH + NaCl
1
r
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 + 1
1
1
1
1
. '
5
2
[alternative]
. - -- -- -
[condition]: beat
1
[reagent]: dilute mineral (HCl, HN0
3
, H
2
S0
4
) acid
1
--
[equation]
@-e-N- CH,COO!-I +2HC1
-"
@-COOH
--1+1
_Max 8
II I
0 H
+ +H
3
NCH
2
COOH
-:--- j-- "'"-1'-:-;o:,-:-,-
1 mark for equation
----- ------ ------ -- - ~ a H----- --
1 mark for H
3
NCH
2
C 0 -- -
Max 15