CONFIDENTIAL*

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PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SETARA STPM
NEGERI SEMBILAN DARUL KHUSUS
TAHUN 2011 '
Instructions to candidates:
Answer all the questions m Section A in the spaces
provided.
All working must be shown. For numerical answers,
units must be quoted wherever they are appropriate.
Answer any four questions from Section B. For this
section. write your answer on the answer sheets
provided. Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper.
and arrange your answers in numerical order. Tie your
answer sheets to this booklet.
Answers may be written in either Malay or English.
A Data Booklet is provided.
For examtnerls use
only
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
TOTAL
This question paper has 12 printed pages
e;:, .Jabatan Pelajaran Negeri Sembi ian 20 II
Percubaan STPM 962/2 [Turn over
*This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over. CONFIDENTikL*
Confidential''
Section A [40 marks]
Answer all c;uesriom inlhis seclion
1 (aJ The structural formula s:10wn below is that of compound X Compound X shows ..
the incomplete structure of Vitamin C.
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H
HI
0 ~ /
p-c
I \
O-H
c
c-o
\ ~ /
H 0
Compound X
(i) Complete the Lewis electron-dot structure of compound X in the diagram
above.
(ii) Describe the type of hybridization of each carbon atom in the compound X.
[3 marks]
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Confidemial ,. 3
(b) (i) Classif) the type of bond that exists in each of the following substances. Then
write the formula of the substance(sl that has the type of bond as stated in Table l.
Table 1
Type of bond Substance(s)
lonic
Non-polar covalent
Polar covalent
[3 marks]
(ii) Arrange all the polar covalent substances from Table 1 in the order of
increasing bond polarity.
[1 mark]
(c) Predict the molecular shape oft11e follo\\ing species and state the value of the bond
angle/ angles
Shape Bond ang1e(s)
?Cis
PCk"ion
L_ __ P_c_16_-_io_n __ ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ j
[3 marks]
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This question paper is CONFIDENTiAL until the examination is over CONFIDENTIAL*
Con fid entia)" 4
2 (a) The solubility product. K,
0
. of magnesium hydroxide is 2.5 xI olc mol
3
dn{'.
(i) Write alr expression for the K,r of magnesium hydroxide.
(ii) Lise the value of Ksp given above to calculate the concentration of the
saturated magnesium hydroxide solution.

(iii) Would magnesium hydroxide be more or less soluble in 0.1 mol ctm
3
magnesium sulphate solution than in water? Explain your answer.
[ J mark]
[J mark]
[J mark]
(b) A buffer solution is prepared by dissolving solid ammonium chloride in 250 cm
3
of
C!.20 mol dm-
3
ammonia solution. Calculate the mass of ammonium chloride that
needs to be added to produce a solution with pH= 9 .0.
[Kb of ammonia= 1.75 x I o-
5
mol dm-
3
]
[3 marks]
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(c) A mixture of liquid P and Q obeys Raoulfs Law. At the temperature 373 K, the
vapour pressures of pure A and pure Bare 56 kPa and 34 kPa respeeiively. A
mixture. containing 70% of A and 30% ofB is fi-actionally distilled. The mixture
boils at a temperature of 373 K.
(i) What is the total pressure of the boiling mixture at
[2 marks]

(ii) Calculate the composition of the first vapour formed in the fractionating
column.
[2 marks]
3 (a) The table below shows the structures of the elements in Period 3 of the Periodic
Table from Nato Cl
1 Elements INa

i Mo
I "'
IAI
Giant metallic structure
(i) What is the structure for silicon?
I Si
:p
Is I Cl
Simple molecular
[J mark]
(ii) The elements of Period 3 trom Nato S burn in oxygen when heated to form
their respective oxides. Stat<:: the acid-base property of these oxides.
[3 marks]
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(iii) Draw the Lewis diagram for SO,
[ 1 mark]
(b) The nitrates of Group2 elements decompose on heating.
(i) Write the chemical equation for the decomposition of magnesium nitrate.
'
[1 mark]
(ii) What is observed when magnesium nitrate is heated strongly?
[1 mark]
(c) How does the solubility of the sulphates of Group 2 elements change when moving
down the group? Explain your answer.
[3 marks]
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4 Compound Y has the folowing structural lormula:-
(a) One ofthefutiCtional gl'oupsp'fesent in Y has basic properties. ldentify this
functional group and write an equation for the reaction ofY with dilute
hydrochloric acid at room temperature
[2 marks]
(b) What are the other functional groups that are present in compound Y?
[J mark]
(c) Give the structural formula( e) for the organic product(sl formed in the reactions
of compound Y with
(i) hot aqueous sodium hydroxide
(ii) lithium tetrahydridoaluminate, L i A l ~ in ether.
(iii) sodium metal at room temperature
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(iv) aluminium oxide with heating.
[5 marks]
(d) Compound Y can be formed by the reaction between an amino acid with an acyl
chloride
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(iJ Write an equation for the above reaction to form Y.

(ii) Compound Zan isomer of Y can also be formed in the above reaction. Draw
the structural formula of compound Z
[2 marks]
This question paper is CONFIDE!\TIAL until the examinaTion is over COKFIDENTIAU
CONFIDENTIAL" 9
Section B [ 6(1 marks]
Answer anlj(;ur qucsliom in rhis sec/ion
5. (a) When 0.269 g of a dibase (diproticJ organic acid A is vapourised at 120 C into a 1 O:Odm
3
vesseL the pressure measured is 1.00 x 10' Pa.
Calculate the relative molecular mass lv1, for acid A. Predict with reasons whether acid A is
likely to behave ideally in the conditions given above.
[5 marks]
(b) The mass spectrum of acid A contains peaks at m/e values of 17. 28, 45, 56 and a
maximum value of 90. Identify acid A and the species which give rise to these peaks.
[4 marks]
(c) Explain the following observations in tem1s of structure and bonchng.
(i) Trimethylamine. (CH
3
)
3
N has a lower boiling point than dimethylamine,
(CH3)2NH.
(ii) The relative molecular mass of methanoic acid. HCOOH as determined in an
aqueous solvent (water) is 46 bm is doubled when determined in a non-aqueous solvent
(benzene).
[6 marks]
6. (a) Defme the term electronegativity.
[1 mark]
(b) State and explain the trend in electronegativity across Period 3 from sodium to
chlorine.
[4 marks]
(c) Explain why the atomic radius of an element decreases across Period 2 from lithium to
fluorine.
[2 marks]
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CONFIDENTIAL.
10
(d) A student sets up the apparatus below to carry out an electrolysis experiment:
Copper rod
siker impurities
e,-
,L
f---
-
u:=-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
I
I I
I
-

...
---+ Brass photo frame

- - -
-
-
-
'------ -
Aqueous
-
-
-
-
I
- -
-
-
-I
I
copper(II) sulphate solution
By referring to the Data Booklet, describe and explain what happens at the anode. cathode
and the electrolyte after a few hours
[8 marks]
7. (a) (i) \Vhat do you tmderstand by "anodizing" of
(ii) Describe the method used to catTY out this process. Explain the chemistry
involved with the aid of balanced equations.
[7 marks]
(b) State and explain the thermal stability of Group 14 tetrachlorides from carbon to lead.
[ 4 marks]
(c) (i) Name one tetrachloride of Group 14 that does not react with water and explain
why.
(ii) Name one tetrachloride of Group 14 that reacts with water and vvrite an equation
for that reaction.
[4marks]
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8. (a) Explain why the reaction between sodium halides with concentrated sulphuric acid can be
used to prepare bromine but not chlorine.
[4 marks]
(b) The elements scandium. manganese and zinc are first row d-hlock elements of the
Periodic Table.
(iJ Write the electronic configurations for the following ions: Sc
3
+, Mn:+ and Zn
2
+.
(ii) Vv'hich of the above ions is/are colourless" Explain why.
[5 marks]
(c) A typical property of transitional elements is their ability to form complexes. A complex
of chromium has the formula [Cr(NH
3
)6]:h
(i) Explain how the [Cr(NH
3
J,J'" ion can be prepared from aqueous chromium (III)
chloride solution.
(ii) Explain wh) Cr"'. ions have a great tendency to form such complexes.
(iii) Another complex of chromium has the formula [CrCl
2
(NH
3
)
4
f. Draw the
structural fommlae for the two isomers of this complex
[6marks]
9. (a) 1,4-dichlorobutane was refluxed W"ith ethanolic sodium hydroxide for a few hours to form
a single organic compound, X. X then reacts with (HOOC)CH=C(CN)COOH to form the
polymer Y.
(i) Name tbe reaction that took place to form X.
(ii) Write a reaction equation for (i).
(iii) Name the type of polymerisation involved and draw a repeating unit for the
polymer Y.
[ 4 marks]
(b) Both toluene (methylbenzene) and 2-methylpropene can be chlorinated by different
mechanisms.
(i) Outline the mechanism for the chlorination of toluene using anhydrous iron(III)
chloride as a catalyst.
(ii) Name and outline the mechanism for the chlorination of 2-methylpropene.
[7 marks]
(c) Compare the acidity of the compounds, A and B below. Explain your reasoning.
It
l. --'
i
CH,
A.
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OH
I
I



NO,
B
'This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over.
[4 marks]
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CONFIDENTIAL 12
10. (a) Compound X, C
5
H
10
0 reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to give .an orange
precipitate. When X is heated with Tollen's reagent, there is no observable change. X reacts
with iodine in a solution of sodium hydroxide to produce a yellow precipitate.
(i) Explain the above observations and write equations for all the reactions that take
place.
(ii) Draw all the possible structural formulae of X.
[7 marks]
(b)Benzoic acid, C.H
5
COOH, is usedas a preservative in some fruit products. It is harmless
to humans in small quantitieco because it can be excreted in urine as hippuric acid, D.
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1
2
0
II
C- "-'H-CH:-C:OOH
D
(i) Name two functional groups found in D.

(ii) Give the formulae of two compounds which you could react together in the
laboratory to obtain D.
(iii) With the aid of reagents, reaction conditions and equations of reactions, describe
how you can obtain benzoic acid from D.
[S marks]
'This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over. CONFIDENTIAL'